选择性必修第三册 Unit 8 Section Ⅱ 句式、语篇与主题写作（课件PPT）-【创新方案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅱ　句式、语篇与主题写作 目 录 课前晨背 多积词汇•强基扩容 课堂精析 聚焦重难•深化学习 好句好段•增分写作 课前晨背 Ⅰ. 教材经典句式的活用背诵 1．现在分词短语作状语 教材原句 She lay, barely moving, in her bed staring at a blank wall under her blanket. 她躺在床上，几乎不动，盖着毯子，眼睛盯着一堵空墙。 推荐佳句 ①(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)Confucius traveled throughout the country, imparting his wisdom to countless disciples and leaving a profound impact on Chinese society. 孔子走遍全国，将他的智慧传授给无数的弟子，对中国社会产生了深远的影响。 推荐佳句 ②(译林版选择性必修1佳句)They vary from person to person, depending on our own unique experiences that have shaped our lives. 它们(治愈系食物)由塑造我们人生的独特经历决定，因人而异。 2．it作形式主语 教材原句 It is a crime to want to die. 不想活下去是罪恶。 推荐佳句 ①(2023·北京高考书面表达)It would be a great opportunity to raise awareness about environmental issues and engage more people in the cause. 这将是一个提高人们对环境问题的认识并让更多人参与这项事业的大好机会。 推荐佳句 ②(人教版必修2佳句)It is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. 在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。 3．as if引导状语从句 教材原句 It seemed to me as if a cry answered him. 我似乎隐约听到有人回应。 推荐佳句 ①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)At his words, I simply stood there dumbfounded, and my feet, couldn't move a bit, as if it had taken root in the ground. 听到他的话，我整个人目瞪口呆地站在那里，我的脚一动也不能动，就像已经扎根在地上一样。 推荐佳句 ②(译林版必修3佳句)I felt lost and anxious, as if I had missed something of value. 我感到迷惘、紧张，仿佛我丢失了什么宝贵的东西。 4．比较级＋and＋比较级 教材原句 I became colder and colder. 我越来越冷。 推荐佳句 ①(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)Seeing the coach nearby, I became more and more nervous. 看到一旁的教练，我变得越来越紧张。 推荐佳句 ②(人教版必修3佳句)Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. 节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动(进行促销)。 5．独立主格结构 教材原句 Some moments after, eight strong men, their faces covered, appeared noiselessly, and drew us down into their incredible machine. 过了一会儿，八个壮汉蒙着脸，一声不响地出现了，把我们拖进了他们那不可思议的机器里。 推荐佳句 ①(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)I held the steering wheel and kept staring ahead, the coach anxiously urging me around. 我握着方向盘，一直盯着前方，教练在一旁焦急地催促着我。 推荐佳句 ②(人教版必修3佳句)There are so many beautiful old buildings — many sitting on top of big hills, offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge. 这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅，城市、大海和金门大桥的美景尽收眼底。 Ⅱ. 单元主题佳句的集约背诵 对接单元主题——文学 1．Aimed at promoting our traditional culture, our Students' Union held a Poetry Recitation Contest on Youth Day, May 4th. 为了弘扬我们的传统文化，我们学生会在5月4日青年节举办了一场诗歌朗诵比赛。 2．On that day, nearly a hundred students that have passion for poetry came on stage with their favorite poems. 那天，近百名热爱诗歌的学生带着自己喜爱的诗歌上台表演。 3．This activity was educational and interesting, which demonstrated students' knowledge on poems. 这次活动很有教育意义，也很有趣，展示了学生对诗歌的了解。 4．Knowing that you are learning Chinese, I strongly recommend you the novel Journey to the West. 得知你正在学中文，我强烈向你推荐《西游记》这本小说。 5．Learning classical Chinese poetry is a great way to better understand the history and culture of China. 学习中国古典诗歌是更好地理解中国历史和文化的好方法。 Ⅲ. “续写”精彩语段的唯美背诵 “续写”系列背诵(一) 场景渲染之“欢笑”场景 “Congratulations, Julie！” Julie was surrounded with flowers and applause. She was grinning from ear to ear. “I made it！” She repeated. It was her first time to have won so good an achievement and she eventually earned the favorable letter. Seeing the beaming face of Julie, Lisa walked away silently with a faint smile and came in my direction. 本段中使用了“grinning from ear to ear, the beaming face, with a faint smile”等表示“笑”的细节描写，形象地描绘了人物取得成功后开心的画面。 高分悟道 表示“笑”的高分词块有： grin from ear to ear　　 　 　 咧嘴大笑 laugh heartily/laugh a hearty laugh　 开怀大笑 the beaming face 笑容满面 smile faintly 微微一笑 smile with a relief 宽慰地笑 wear a big toothy smile 带着灿烂的笑容 explode/roar with laughter 哄堂大笑 高分有招 “续写”系列背诵(二) 场景渲染之“哭泣”场景 Depression hung over him like a heavy dark cloud and tears welled up in his eyes. I patted him on the shoulder gently, gave him an encouraging look and ventured in a soft voice, “You are a regular boy, David. Maybe you were born with some physical defects, but your strong determination will cover the shortages.” After a split second of pause, David nodded slightly, tears giving way to the usual big toothy smile. 本段中使用 “tears welled up in his eyes”表示哭的动作描写，刻画了大卫悲伤的心情；“tears giving way to the usual big toothy smile”表达了大卫由哭转笑的情感变化，突出了大卫的决心。 高分悟道 表示“哭”的高分表达有： can't help crying bitterly　　 忍不住痛哭起来 tears running/rolling/streaming down her face 泪水在她脸上流淌 with tears swimming in one's eyes 泪水在眼里打转 高分有招 发掘教材•强化表达 课堂赏析 1．it 作形式主语 (1)it代替不定式作形式主语 不定式(短语)作主语时往往主语较长，句子结构不平衡，此时可用it作形式主语，把不定式(短语)放在后面。常用于下列句型中： ①It＋is/was＋adj./n.＋to do sth.(不定式前可有其逻辑主语for/of sb.) ②It＋v.＋to do sth.(动词不定式作主语时除动词be以外，动词take, cost, need, require, make, sound, occur 等也可用it作形式主语，把动词不定式后置) (2)it代替动名词短语作主语 It is no good/no use/fun/a waste of time ＋doing sth. (3)it代替从句作主语 用it 作形式主语的结构主要用于下列句型： ①It is/was＋名词＋从句：这类名词有：a fact, a surprise, an honor, a pity, common knowledge 等； ②It is/was＋形容词＋从句：这类形容词有：natural, true, strange, necessary, important, obvious, certain, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, probable等； ③It＋动词＋从句：这类动词有：seem, happen, appear, look, matter, make, strike, occur (突然想起)等； ④It＋is/was＋分词＋从句：这类分词有：said, reported, believed, known, decided, proved, thought, expected, announced, arranged, amusing, puzzling, striking等。 |先|学|通|(通过句子变换把握句式特点)　 (用it作形式主语改写句子) ①I happened to have no money with me. → ②To drive on the icy road is dangerous. → It happened that I had no money with me. It is dangerous to drive on the icy road. ③He is widely acknowledged as one of the best medical scientists in China. → he is one of the best medical scientists in China. It is widely acknowledged that |再|写|美|(通过句子仿写做到运用自如)　 ④我们已经安排好要去爬山，在那里我们可以野餐。 we will go to climb a mountain, where we can have a picnic. ⑤他突然想到他把钥匙忘在办公室了。 he had left his keys in the office. It has been arranged that It suddenly occurred to him that 2．现在分词短语作状语 (1)现在分词(短语)作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、方式或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句。 (2)现在分词(短语)作状语，含有一般式(doing)、完成式(having done)以及完成被动式(having been done)。 (3)一般情况下，分词作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语；如果作状语的分词的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致，分词就要带上自己的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。 注意： (1)现在分词作状语时，如果表示否定，not要放在现在分词前面。 (2)用现在分词还是过去分词作状语的关键，首先是要分清非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间的关系是主动还是被动，其次是分清其动作和谓语动词动作的先后关系。 |先|学|通|(通过句子变换把握句式特点)　 (用分词短语作状语改写) ①When the father saw their downcast eyes, he told them to clean up the kitchen. → , the father told them to clean up the kitchen. Seeing their downcast eyes ②Because he hadn't been invited to the wedding of his friend, Jack was very upset. → , Jack was very upset. Not having been invited to the wedding of his friend |再|写|美|(通过句子仿写做到运用自如)　 ③志愿者们决定去那个山村教学，希望帮助那里的孩子们获得更多知识。 The volunteers decided to teach in the mountain village, _______________ . ④由于不知道哪种方法更有效，我们只能在工作中尝试所有的方法。 ，we have to try all the ways in our work. hoping to help Not knowing which way is more effective the children there gain more knowledge 3．as if 引导状语从句 (1)as if (＝as though)引导表语从句或方式状语从句。 (2)as if/though后既可跟陈述语气，又可跟虚拟语气。若as if/though引导的从句表示事情实现的可能性很小或与事实相反，则用虚拟语气；与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用“would/could/might＋do”；与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去时；与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时。 (3)如果as if从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略从句中的主语和be动词。 |先|学|通|(通过题点训练把握用法规则)　 (单句语法填空) ①He opened his mouth as if (say) something. ②They talked as if they (meet) before. ③I remember the whole thing as if it (happen) yesterday. to say had met happened |再|写|美|(通过句子仿写做到运用自如)　 ④这个答案似乎有点奇怪，但除了我，没有人怀疑。 It seemed , but nobody doubted it except me. ⑤他们讨厌投票，却不得不装出喜欢投票的样子。 They hate voting but have to pretend . as if the answer was a little strange as if they liked voting ⑥这位足球运动员在地上打滚，好像腿受了重伤。 The football player is rolling on the ground _______________________ . ⑦快点！看起来火车要开了。 Hurry up! It looks . as if (he is) hurt badly in as if the train is going to move the leg 4．独立主格结构 独立主格结构为名词或代词(作为逻辑主语)加上形容词、副词、介词短语、分词或不定式在句中作状语，表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等，相当于状语从句或并列句。其基本形式有： 注意： (1)当状语从句的主语与主句的主语不是同一个时，可用独立主格结构取代状语从句。 (2)在“名词(或代词)＋介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中，一般不用形容词性物主代词和冠词。 (3)独立主格结构没有所有格形式。 (4)独立主格结构作时间或原因状语时，可用完成时，表示该动作发生在谓语之前。 |先|学|通|(通过题点训练把握用法规则)　 (单句语法填空) ①We shall play the match tomorrow, weather (permit)． ②More time (give), we should have done the job much better. ③So many people (help) him, he is sure to succeed. permitting given to help |再|写|美|(通过句子仿写做到运用自如)　 ④孩子们手里拿着礼物，高兴极了，又唱又跳。 , the kids were wild with joy, singing and dancing. ⑤开幕式结束了，我们的校长站起来然后迅速离开了。 , our headmaster rose to his feet and left quickly. Gifts in hand The opening ceremony over ⑥“汤姆，我来了！”我摇下车窗，眼睛里充满了恐惧和担心。 “Tom, I am here！” I wound down the window, ________________ . my eyes filled with/full of terror and concern 1．赏修辞及结构之美 In November, a cold, unseen stranger, whom the doctors called Pneumonia, arrived in Greenwich Village. Mr Pneumonia placed his icy finger on Johnsy; and she lay, barely moving, in her bed staring at a blank wall under her blanket. 写法领悟：本段使用arrived，placed等动词以及拟人的修饰手法生动形象地刻画出肺炎在城市中肆虐的场景，语言鲜活有力；使用了whom引导的定语从句以及barely moving现在分词短语作状语，刻画出Johnsy遭受肺炎的状况。 2．赏用词及结构之美 There was no mistake! A human voice responded to ours! Then, I know not why, the thought of the strange, terrible animal came into my head for the first time! But that voice! I had almost no strength left; my fingers could hardly move; my mouth, opening and closing, filled with salt water.I became colder and colder. I raised my head for the last time, then I sank. 写法领悟：本段使用了一系列的动词(短语)，如responded, came into my head, move, opening and closing, raised, sank等，描绘出主人公落入海水中的感受及状态。opening and closing为现在分词短语在句中作状语，刻画出主人公即将沉入水中的情景；colder and colder为“比较级＋and＋比较级”结构，意为“越来越……”，生动地描绘出主人公当时的感受。 3．赏意境之美 Then she went to fetch her neighbour, Mr Behrman, to be a model for her drawing. He was a failed painter. In 40 years he had never produced the masterpiece he longed to paint. Sue told him about Johnsy's longing to slip away like the leaves. Behrman cried with disbelief. “Are there people in the world that foolish to think they'll die because leaves drop off from a vine? This is not a place in which Miss Johnsy shall lie sick. Someday I will paint a masterpiece, and we shall all go away.” 写法领悟：这段文字表现了爱的力量和希望的力量。苏对琼西的关爱和照顾体现了爱的力量，她试图用爱来温暖琼西的心灵，帮助她渡过难关。贝曼先生也用他的画作表达了对生命的希望和执着追求。虽然他曾经遭受挫折和打击，但他仍然坚信自己能够创作出杰出的作品。这种信念和执着追求体现了希望的力量。生命的脆弱以及爱的力量和希望的力量，这些主题相互交织，使得这段文字具有深刻的艺术价值和内涵。 针对练笔 (完成句子) ①The sun, on which everyone relies for survival,___________________ _____，bringing warmth and light to the vast land. 每个人赖以生存的太阳在天空中灿烂地微笑着，为广袤的土地带来温暖和光明。 smiles brightly in the sky ② ，the dark clouds closing in and densely overspreading the whole sky, then very dark,_____________________ . 随着夜幕降临，乌云逼近，密集地覆盖了整个天空，然后非常黑暗，风吹得越来越厉害。 As the night approached the wind blew harder and harder [命题导向] 本单元主题是“文学”，属于人与社会的主题语境。高考命题时通常以通知、投稿、报道、建议信、回复信、倡议书的形式考查文学作品介绍、作家介绍、组织文学阅读活动等内容，引导学生认识到阅读文学作品的意义，感悟文学作品中表达的思想情感，提高学生的文学素养。　　 构建语义场 (一)经典文学作品 1．find detective stories absorbing 觉得侦探小说吸引人 2．have a good plot 有好的情节 3．teach you a lot about different eras and cultures 教你很多关于不同时代和文化的知识 4．convey certain feelings 表达某种情感 5．vivid language 生动的语言 6．be worth reading 值得一读 7．enjoy great popularity 非常流行 8．The book is of great help for us to learn about the history of Tang Dynasty. 这本书对我们了解唐朝历史很有帮助。 9．The novel I'd like to recommend to you is The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, one of the most influential novels in China. 我想向你推荐的小说是《三国演义》，中国最有影响力的小说之一。 10．I have much pleasure in recommending The Book of Songs to you, which is the earliest general collection of ancient Chinese poems. 我很高兴向你推荐《诗经》，中国古代最早的诗歌总集。 (二)作家介绍 1．one of China's greatest poets 中国最伟大的诗人之一 2．a famous Romantic poet 著名的浪漫主义诗人 3．influence his later works 影响他后来的作品 4．be widely known as a genius 　　 被公认为是天才 5．cover a range of topics 涉及多种主题 6．It is believed that this poem was written by Li Bai in his teenage years. 相传此诗为李白少年时所作。 7．To his credit, in 2012 he became the first Chinese writer to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. 值得称赞的是，他在2012年成为首位获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国作家。 平时勤练笔 写作任务——基础写作的建模训练 [题目]　假定你是李华，你的新西兰笔友Bob给你发来邮件说他对中国文化很感兴趣，尤其喜欢唐诗(Tang poetry)。请你给他回复一封邮件，分享你对唐诗的认识，提出学习建议并表达祝愿。内容包括： 1．唐诗的地位及影响； 2．列举著名诗人并提出学习建议； 3．欢迎来中国交流文化。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Dear Bob， Yours， Li Hua [构思与要点表达] 第一部分　唐诗的地位及影响 [头脑风暴]　表达唐诗地位及影响的词块： 1．对中国文化感兴趣 __________________________ 2．非常重要的文学形式 __________________________ 3．在中国非常流行 ____________________________ 4．代表中国传统文化 ___________________________________ 5．在全世界都很流行 __________________________ be interested in Chinese culture a very important literary form enjoy great popularity in China represent the traditional Chinese culture be popular all over the world [连词成句]　I'm very glad to know that you're interested in Chinese culture, especially Tang poetry. As you know, Tang poetry is___________________________________________________________. It and___________________ . 我很高兴知道你对中国文化感兴趣，尤其是唐诗。众所周知，唐诗是一种非常重要的文学形式，在中国非常流行。它代表了中国传统文化，在全世界都很流行。 a very important literary form which enjoys great popularity in China represents the traditional Chinese culture is popular all over the world 第二部分　列举著名诗人并提出学习建议 要点1：列举著名诗人 [从教材中学]　Among all these books, I like reading literary works the most, such as science fiction, detective stories, novels and poetry. [到写作中用]　作为诗歌的黄金时代，唐代出现了许多杰出的诗人，其中以李白、杜甫、白居易最为著名。 As the golden age of poetry, the Tang Dynasty produced many outstanding poets, . among whom Li Bai, Du Fu, and Bai Juyi were the most well-known 要点2：提出学习建议 [从教材中学]　If I want to start reading this kind of stories, do you have any suggestion? [到写作中用]　如果你先掌握诗歌的意思，然后试着背诵整首诗，你的学习能力就会得到提高。 If you grasp the meaning firstly and try to recite the whole poem, your learning ability can be improved. 第三部分　欢迎来中国交流文化 [头脑风暴]　表达愿望的不同方式： 1．欢迎来到中国，我期待你对唐诗的看法。 Welcome to China and I'm looking forward to your view about the Tang poetry. 2．我希望你能早日来中国，我们可以一起交流学习唐诗的经验。 I hope you can come to China as soon as possible, and we can exchange experience in learning Tang poetry together. [衔接与逻辑成篇] 运用补加、过渡与衔接，将上述语句连接成篇 Dear Bob， I'm very glad to know that you're interested in Chinese culture, especially Tang poetry. As you know, Tang poetry is a very important literary form which enjoys great popularity in China. It represents the traditional Chinese culture and is popular all over the world. As the golden age of poetry, the Tang Dynasty produced many outstanding poets, among whom Li Bai, Du Fu, and Bai Juyi were the most well-known. If you grasp the meaning firstly and try to recite the whole poem, your learning ability can be improved. Welcome to China and I'm looking forward to your view about the Tang poetry. Yours， Li Hua 名词/代词＋ $$