必修第二册 Unit 5 Humans and Nature 单元三测•进阶评价（课件PPT）-【创新方案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（北师大版2019）

单元三测•进阶评价 目 录 作业(一)　单元主干知识强基训练 作业(二)　单元主题阅读集群训练 作业(三)　综合融通思维发展训练 单元主干知识强基训练 作业(一) Ⅰ. 单词拼写 1．Her shouting attracted some (好奇的) glances from other people in the restaurant. 2．The lifeboat (营救) the sailors from the sinking boat. 3．I am grateful she made helpful (评论) on my work. 4．He regularly gives (演讲) on modern Chinese literature. curious rescued comments lectures 5．The man managed to (逃离) from the fire, extremely terrified and exhausted. 6．This watch can (测量) your heart rate and blood pressure. 7．The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to (证明) the links between them. 8．There is little doubt that things will improve in the not too________ (久远的) future. escape measure prove distant Ⅱ. 单句语法填空 1．She was (frighten) that the plane would crash. 2．For a sudden heart failure, the best chance for (survive) is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly. 3．The weather has been really (horror) all week so we hate going out. frightened survival horrible 4．Always wear sunglasses as a (protect) for your eyes when walking in the sun. 5．Following the earthquake, a large-scale rescue (operate) was launched. 6．He deserves the highest praise for his (brave)． 7．The team blamed injuries and lack of (prepare) for their failure to win. protection operation bravery preparation 8．Perri and Sheila tell their mother-daughter story with__________ (honest), humor and enthusiasm. 9．While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that___________ (explore)． 10．She waited (anxious) for the news about her lost son by the phone. honesty exploration anxiously Ⅲ. 熟词生义 (写出蓝体部分的词性及汉语意思) 1．The morning sun flooded the room with a gentle light.___________ 2．I felt the shock as the aircraft hit the ground. _____________ 3．Her name escaped me, which made me embarrassed._________ v.充满 n.强烈的冲击 v.被遗忘 4．It may take a few weeks for your application to be processed. _______ 5．His distant attitude made us feel ignored. __________ 6．Plant the flowers next to a wall to shelter them from the wind. _______ v.审查 adj.冷漠的 v.保护 Ⅳ. 选词填空 on the edge of， turn one's back on， instead of， make use of， run out， break down， pick up， make progress， (be) based on， in preparation for 1．He me and refused to lend me any money when I lost my job. 2．It is also meaningful to what I have learned to do others a favour. turned his back on make use of 3． the jacket, there is a piece of cloth which gives off light in the dark. 4． blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go. 5．With the natural resources , we have to find other ways to provide energy. On the edge of Instead of running out 6．The little boy some Chinese when he visited China with his parents. 7． students' performance, our fair judges will decide on who are the top ten students. 8．The washing machine seems to have again. picked up Based on broken down 9． lectures, I urge you to do some reading. 10．To our relief, we have in controlling the spread of the disease. In preparation for made progress Ⅴ. 多维表达 1．(完成句子) (营救……是我们的责任) the people trapped in the ruins. 2．(完成句子)We all know_____________________________________ ___________________________________(对于人类来说保护环境的自然平衡多么重要)． It is our duty to rescue how important it is for humans to protect the natural balance of the environment 3．Eventually, it reaches the place. It will spend the winter there. (where引导的定语从句) →Eventually, it reaches the place . 4．If we are more anxious, we will be less likely to find a way out.(the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...) → we are, we will be to find a way out. where it will spend the winter The more anxious the less likely 5．A young man with a magazine in his hand sat by the window.(完全倒装) → a young man with a magazine in his hand. 6．My bike was stolen last week.(have＋宾语＋宾语补足语) →I last week. By the window sat had my bike stolen 7．(一句多译)这个小男孩哭啊哭啊，这使我心烦意乱。 ①The little boy cried and cried .(并列句) ②The little boy cried and cried, .(定语从句) ③The little boy cried and cried, .(现在分词作状语) and it made me upset which made me upset making me upset Ⅵ. 应用文写作 假定你是某中学学生李华，你在The Evening News上看到一篇关于改造你所在的城市的文章，文中提到了将河边的一块空地改造成自然保护区(nature reserve)。你认为这个改造方案不受年轻人欢迎，请写一封信给该报的编辑，谈谈你的看法，内容包括： 1．你不赞同建自然保护区的原因； 2．提出一个替代的方案并说明原因。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Dear editor， I am Li Hua from Mingqi High School.Here I am writing to respond to your article about establishing a nature reserve by the river.　 I am looking forward to hearing from you. Yours， Li Hua 参考范文： Dear editor， I am Li Hua from Mingqi High School.Here I am writing to respond to your article about establishing a nature reserve by the river. I don't think it will be welcomed by young people.Although a nature reserve can be beneficial in providing habitats for wild animals and plants and protecting our environment, it should be acknowledged that a city with such a large population cannot afford to spare a vast space to function simply as a nature reserve. A recreational wetland park, I believe, is an alternative.In this park, for one thing, the wildlife, especially those birds, can seek shelter and the water quality can be improved.For another, the citizens, especially the teenagers, not only can appreciate the natural ecology but also enjoy various activities such as biking, hiking and camping. I am looking forward to hearing from you. Yours， Li Hua 单元主题阅读集群训练 作业(二) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·许昌模拟)Wild animals are human's friends, an important part of the natural ecosystem, and valuable natural resources endowed (赋予) by nature. Indian elephants, a subspecies of Asian elephants, have been considered endangered since 1986.There are only an estimated 20,000 to 25,000 Indian elephants left in the wild, and the global population is believed to be decreasing. Habitat loss is widely considered a direct threat to Indian elephants.Recent economic growth and subsequent increased development in Asia are the main causes of this habitat loss.From expanding human settlements and mining to converting land to plantations and infrastructure (基础建设), many activities can block migratory elephant routes and drive them into smaller sub-populations.When animals are forced into smaller pockets of populations, they risk losing genetic diversity and have a higher chance of dying from disease and natural disasters. In India, elephants have faced a 70% population decline over the last 60 years.When accounting for climate change projections, scientists predict that the elephant population in the country could lose over 40% of its habitat by 2070. As elephants lose their habitats to human settlements and development, interactions between humans and elephants also rise. Elephant populations, especially those living outside of protected areas, wander into agricultural lands in search of food and cause crop or property loss.Even worse, these impacts may cause farmers and residents to retaliate (反击) against the elephants if they believe their assets are in danger.Poison or other deadly methods have been used. Although countries like India, Vietnam, and Myanmar have completely banned the capture of wild elephants for any purpose, illegal hunting still happens in those and other nations where Indian elephants live. Countries around the world are taking action to protect Indian elephants.In parts of Myanmar, teams of rangers work to protect and co-manage wild elephant populations with the Wildlife Conservation Society.They use the Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool (SMART), a geographic information systems-based software to systematically collect, manage, analyze, and report data collected from forests.With SMART, park managers can deploy (调动) rangers strategically in hotspots for illegal hunting or other illegal activities, manage efforts, and organize resources. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印度象濒临灭绝，一些国家正在积极采取措施保护印度象。 1．What is the immediate cause of the decline of Indian elephants' number? A．The growth of economy. B．The loss of their habitat. C．The change of the climate. D．The increase of illegal hunting. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Habitat loss is widely considered a direct threat to Indian elephants.”可知，印度象数量下降的直接原因是它们栖息地的丧失。 2．What do the figures in Paragraph 4 show? A．The main change of ecosystem. B．The main features of Indian elephants. C．The problems caused by Indian elephants. D．The severity of Indian elephants' situation. 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推断，作者用数据表明印度象处境艰难。 √ 3．How does the SMART work? A．By completely preventing hunting. B．By collecting and reporting data collected from forests. C．By founding the Wildlife Conservation Society. D．By counting the population of wildlife. 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的“They use the Spatial Monitoring ... report data collected from forests.”可知，SMART是一种软件，收集并报告从森林获得的数据。 √ 4．What's the purpose of this text? A．To advertise for Indian elephants. B．To attract tourists to watch Indian elephants. C．To appeal to people to protect Indian elephants. D．To introduce Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool. 解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段的“Countries around the world are taking action to protect Indian elephants.”及全文内容可知，作者写这篇文章是为了呼吁人们保护印度象。 √ B (2024·青岛模拟)By 2050, 68% of the global population will live in cities.That's 2.5 billion more people than today.In Europe, three out of four of us already live in urban areas, and the consequences of that are becoming clear.Researchers estimate that nine million people die every year as a direct result of air pollution.As our cities grow and more people move into already crowded spaces, what do we need to do to transform our urban areas into healthy places to live? An increasing body of research tells us that we should be letting nature back in. Green spaces in cities mitigate the effects of pollution and can reduce a phenomenon known as the urban heat island effect, which refers to heat trapped in built-up areas.The effect appears in towns and cities where the heat generated by people, transport and industry is trapped in the narrow roads and concrete structures, unable to escape to the atmosphere.This can bring the temperature in urban areas up 3－4°C higher than the surrounding countryside, and with that comes a severe cycle.Increased temperatures in summer lead to an increased demand for cooling.This expands our energy consumption, which in turn builds up fossil fuel consumption, increasing pollutants in the air and harmful smog on our streets. Planning cities to include green spaces wherever possible is the first step in making our urban areas healthier.For example, adding a layer of vegetation to rooftops and creating green roofs has proven to reduce the urban heat island effect.Trees in our streets also play their part, and a variety of tree species can have a profound effect.Simply having access to green spaces in cities can do wonders for our stress levels and concentration at work.“People need to interact with nature whenever the opportunity arises.Something as simple as a five-to-ten-minute break during the workday can improve well-being and boost productivity，” Cecil, an expert studying nature in cities says. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着城市人口的急剧增加，城市的空气污染问题日益严重，有必要在城市中让自然回归，以改善城市的健康水平。 5．How does the author bring in the topic in Paragraph 1? A．By presenting facts. B．By listing examples. C．By comparing numbers. D．By questioning an estimate. √ 解析：写作手法题。根据第一段内容可知，作者先呈现了城市人口大幅增长，直接死于空气污染的人数量巨大的事实，然后引入了文章的话题。由此可知，作者通过呈现事实的方式引入话题。 6．What does the underlined word “mitigate” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Overcome.　　　 B．Change. C．Ease. D．Shift. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“and can reduce ...”可知，画线词和reduce含义相近，表示城市中的绿地可以减轻污染的影响，故mitigate意为“缓解，减轻”，与C项词义相近。 √ 7．What might be a consequence of the urban heat island effect? A．Lower temperature. B．Energy regeneration. C．Fuel shortage. D．Air pollution. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，城市热岛效应会形成恶性循环，加重城市的空气污染。 √ 8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．How to Let Nature Back in B．Why We Need Green Spaces in Cities C．Heat Effect: An Unavoidable Urban Trouble D．Green Roofs: Tiny Urban Forests √ 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文特别是第一段内容可知，文章介绍了随着城市人口的急剧增加，城市的空气污染问题日益严重，因此有必要在城市中扩大绿地面积，让自然回归，以改善城市的健康水平。故B项适合作文章标题。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·茂名模拟)After a dolphin was found swimming alone in a creek in Florida, marine biologists formed a human chain to save it. Dolphins typically travel in 9 called a“school”， although solitary (独自的) dolphins are becoming more common.This can be a cause for concern because dolphins are naturally sociable creatures, so if they are 10 ， they may turn their attention to human interaction.This in turn can be 11 ， both for dolphins and humans. Dolphins can become 12 rather than feed on their own. 13 ， dolphins that are used to human contact spend more time in shallow waters, which can 14 boat crashes.Meanwhile, humans who get too close to dolphins can find themselves 15 . After 16 that the dolphin had been alone in the creek for a few days, and was near a residential area with 17 for human disturbance, NOAA Fisheries Service decided to 18 .Twenty-eight biologists from the Clearwater Marine Aquarium, NOAA and FWC came together to form a human chain, creating a barrier that could 19 the dolphin out of the creek. Rescue biologist Brittany Baldrica said，“The 20 was to just be a barrier that was novel to the animal.We wanted to create a physical barrier as well as a barrier of hearing, so we had somebody behind us that was 21 a boat, revving (使快速运转) its engine and then we were splashing (泼) water and moving forward towards the animal, so we were giving the animal the 22 to swim through the bridge on its own.” The 23 was successful, with the dolphin making its way out of the creek. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了数十名野生动物保护组织的人员在水中组成“人链”，营救误入浅水区滞留多日的海豚的故事。 9．A.series　　　　　　 B．lines C．groups D．sessions 解析：根据后文“called a ‘school’”可知，海豚通常是成群出现的。 √ 10．A. separated B．discovered C．defended D．distinguished 解析：根据前文“dolphins are naturally sociable creatures”和“solitary dolphins”可知，海豚天生是群居动物，如果被分开的话，可能会把注意力转向与人类的互动。 √ 11．A.rewarding B．dangerous C．attractive D．annoying 解析：根据后文“which can boat crashes”及“humans who get too close to dolphins can find themselves ”可知，海豚接近人类对双方都是危险的。 √ 12．A.sensitive B．hesitant C．dependent D．exceptional 解析：根据后文“rather than feed on their own”可知，海豚会变得有依赖性。 √ 13．A.Strangely B．Initially C．Fortunately D．Additionally 解析：根据前文“Dolphins can become ”及后文“which can boat crashes”可知，前后是并列递进关系，进一步描述海豚在浅水区的危害。 √ 14．A.turn on B．lead to C．take in D．knock at 解析：根据后文“boat crashes”可知，海豚长时间待在浅水区可能导致船只碰撞。 √ 15．A. injured B．addicted C．refreshed D．dismissed 解析：根据前文“This in turn can be ，both for dolphins and humans.”可知，离海豚太近可能会受伤。 √ 16．A.declaring B．explaining C．admitting D．realizing 解析：根据后文“that the dolphin had been alone in the creek”可知，有关部门意识到了这件事。 √ 17．A. concern B．purpose C．potential D．desire 解析：根据后文“human disturbance”可知，有关部门担忧人类活动会影响海豚。 √ 18．A.withdraw B．act C．search D．attack 解析：根据后文“Twenty-eight biologists ... came together to form a human chain”可知，有关部门决定采取行动营救海豚。 √ 19．A.confirm B．restrict C．keep D．guide 解析：根据后文“the dolphin out of the creek”可知，生物学家们组成人链，引导海豚离开浅湾。 √ 20．A.risk B．advantage C．goal D．path 解析：根据后文“we wanted to create a physical barrier as well as a barrier of hearing”可知，生物学家们组成人链的目的是创造了一个屏障，迫使海豚向正确的方向移动。 √ 21．A.lifting B．repairing C．checking D．striking 解析：根据前文“a barrier of hearing”可知，生物学家们击打船只来形成听觉屏障，迫使海豚前进。 √ 22．A.courage B．option C．right D．skill 解析：根据后文“to swim through the bridge on its own”可知，专家们这样做，是给了海豚可以自己游过桥的选择。 √ 23．A. rescue B．experiment C．competition D．training 解析：根据上文“NOAA Fisheries Service decided to”及后文“with the dolphin making its way out of the creek”可知，营救成功了。 √ 综合融通思维发展训练 作业(三) Ⅰ.阅读七选五 (2024·威海模拟)A future where insects make up a large part of the world's diet is on the horizon.Despite the unpleasant nature of such cuisine, insects have been considered a delicacy in some parts of world for centuries.Their being low-fat and high-protein makes them a perfect choice for reducing hunger. 1 Animal protein from livestock (家畜), such as cows, chicken and pigs, takes up 80 percent of the entire world's farmland, despite only making up less than one-fifth of calories consumed globally. 2 Thus it would support a variety of biodiversity as nature intended. Insects such as grasshoppers, meal worms and crickets are packed full of protein with much higher vitamin levels than pork or beef. 3 Greenhouse gas emissions through this process are also very little, with insect waste making excellent fertilizer (肥料) for agricultural soil. It seems that insects are an ideal solution for many issues the world today is faced with. 4 Urban areas of Asia, Europe and North America are most likely to associate insects with dirt instead of as a tasty meal. Times are changing.The European Union last year declared that meal worms were safe for human consumption.Cricket protein powder is also increasing greatly in popularity, with Canada rapidly becoming the largest market for the product. 5 As we explore our solar system, efficient means of producing animal based-proteins will become vital.None are more efficient space-wise than insects.And the colonies of the future could well find themselves enjoying fried crickets with a pint of beer while watching the Martian sunset. A．They also have a host of environmental benefits. B．Insects reproduce quickly and have high growth rates. C．Unlike agriculture, insects produce far fewer greenhouse gases. D．They require little space, water and technology to raise compared to livestock. E．However, making them a delicious cuisine can be a challenge in several cultures. F．By freeing up livestock space, huge expanses of land could be returned to nature. G．A future where insects will become invaluable to space exploration is also upcoming. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了用昆虫制作美味佳肴的好处。 1．选A　上文介绍了将昆虫作为食物的好处，故A项(它们还有许多环境效益)承接上文，继续描述昆虫成为美味佳肴的原因，符合语境。 2．选F　上文介绍了饲养牲畜占据了全世界80%的农田。故F项(通过释放牲畜的空间，大片的土地可以回归自然)承接上文并引出下文，符合语境。 3．选D　上文提到：蝗虫、粉虫和蟋蟀等昆虫富含蛋白质，维生素含量比猪肉或牛肉高得多。下文提到：通过这一过程的温室气体排放量也很少，昆虫废弃物可以作为农业土壤的优质肥料。故D项(与畜牧业相比，它们需要很少的空间、水和技术来饲养)承上启下，符合语境。 4．选E　上文提到：昆虫似乎是当今世界面临的许多问题的理想解决方案。下文提到：在亚洲、欧洲和北美的城市地区，人们更倾向于将昆虫与污物联系在一起，而不是将其作为美味的一餐。故E项(然而，在不同的文化中，用它们做出美味的菜肴是一个挑战)与上文构成转折关系，且下文具体说明了E项内容。 5．选G　下文提到：随着我们探索太阳系，生产动物蛋白质的有效方法将变得至关重要。在空间利用方面，没有什么比昆虫更有效率。故G项(昆虫将成为太空探索无价之宝的未来也即将到来)衔接下文，符合语境。 Ⅱ.语法填空 A Chinese expedition team comprising 18 members reached the summit (顶峰) of Mount Cho Oyu, also 1 (know) as Mount Qowowuyag, on Sunday morning. It aims 2 (carry) out scientific research on the world's sixth-highest peak, with an altitude (海拔高度) of 8,201 meters, on the China-Nepal border. It is the first time Chinese scientists 3 (reach) a peak exceeding 8,000 meters in altitude apart from Mount Qomolangma, the world's 4 (high) summit. The expedition team departed 5 a camp at 5,700 meters on Friday, tasked with setting up 6 automatic weather station, measuring the thickness of snow and ice, 7 collecting ice cores and rock samples from the summit, China Media Group (CMG) reported. The 2023 Mount Cho Oyu expedition underscored China's 8 (capable) to effectively organize and conduct comprehensive scientific research in 9 (extreme) high-altitude areas, said Yao, an academician with the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The expedition is part of the second comprehensive scientific expedition on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau initiated in 2017. Since the end of September, a total of 120 scientists have been conducting research on water, ecology and human 10 (activity) around the mountain. 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了中国科考队成功登顶世界第六高峰卓奥友峰，标志着我国极高海拔综合科学考察能力的重大提升。 1．known　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应该是过去分词短语作定语，修饰Mount Cho Oyu。be known as意为“作为……而闻名”。 2．to carry　考查非谓语动词。此处aim to do sth.表示“旨在做某事”，应用不定式作宾语。 3．have reached　考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处是一个常用的句型，it's the first time that sb. have/has done sth.表示“这是某人第一次做某事”；scientists为复数，助动词用have，故填have reached。 4．highest　考查形容词的最高级。珠穆朗玛峰是世界第一高峰，应用最高级。前面已有the world's, 故填highest。 5．from　考查介词。depart from表示“从某地出发”。 6．an　考查冠词。此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词；且 automatic以元音音素开头，故填an。 7．and　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，此处与前面的setting up和measuring构成并列关系，故填并列连词and。 8．capability　考查名词。前面有China's，此处应用名词形式，故填 capability。 9．extremely　考查副词。此处应用副词形式修饰形容词high-altitude，故填extremely。 10．activities　考查名词复数。此处应用复数形式表示“人类的活动”。 Ⅲ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Tucker stood by the back door and considered the winter sky: ice blue and not a single cloud. His breath made steamy circles on the chilled glass window. “It has to snow sometime, doesn't it, Dad？” asked Tucker. “Sure, pal.” His father patted Tucker's head and walked toward the basement door. Tucker looked across the backyard of his family's new home. Just beyond the pine trees, the flat ground pushed upward into a steep and empty hillside. Dad had promised that the hill would be perfect for sledding — much better than anything the city had to offer. Tucker's brand-new sled rested in the corner of his room. It was perfect: bright blue with red and orange flames racing up its sides. He was sure it would be super fast. If only it would snow. He went to play with his brother, but Paul was in his usual spot — seated in the beanbag chair, controller in hands, working his way through a video game. Tucker went down to the basement and found his father surrounded by piles of flattened cardboard boxes. “Can you play knights with me, Dad？” Tucker asked. His father looked over the wall of boxes. “I promised your mom I'd get all these boxes broken down and ready for recycling. In a little while, pal.” Tucker fished a small, yellow toy car from his pants pocket and settled down to watch. When he pulled aside a box to make a ramp (斜坡), he got an idea. “Dad, can I have some boxes？” Tucker asked. “Sure, if you clean up when you're done，”answered Dad. “And some tape (胶带), too？” Tucker continued. His father smiled, grabbed the tape, and tossed it to Tucker. “Have fun”． Despite the cold, he was sweating from carrying a mountain of cardboard into the backyard. When Paul finished his game and walked across the backyard, Tucker threw the sticky silver tape roll to him and said, “Oh, brother. I need help with cutting the tape.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 An hour later, though sweating from exhaustion, Tucker and Paul began to work on their artificial ski run. 　 Tucker screamed as the sled raced down the slope, faster and faster. 　 参考范文： An hour later, though sweating from exhaustion, Tucker and Paul began to work on their artificial ski run. They had lined pieces of brown cardboard boxes, one after the other, up the hillside, and taped them together until they had a ramp. It ran from the top of the hillside, past the pine trees, and down to the middle of the backyard. Tucker placed his sled in place, took a deep breath and waited for Paul to give him a push. “Ready, go！” Paul called out as he pushed Tucker down the hillside. Tucker screamed as the sled raced down the slope, faster and faster. Excited and laughing, Tucker flew through the air and landed at the end of the ramp. He jumped to his feet and raced back up the hillside with his sled. “Your turn！” He gave the sled to Paul and Paul grabbed the sled and sped off down the hillside, laughing and yelling. As the daylight finally faded away, it began to snow. “What a timely snow！” Tucker smiled. $$