新概念英语第二册 Lesson 6 课件

Lesson 6 COVID-19 少出门 多通风 勤洗手 戴口罩 Percy Buttons Grammar 1 Vocabulary 2 Text 3 目录 Grammar Emphases and Difficulties 1. The indefinite and definite articles: ---“a/an” “the” “some”的用法 2. 动词与不同的介词或副词搭配 The usages of a, an, the, and some a,an:单数, 可数名词 the:可加单数/复数, 还可加不可数名词, 加在什么名词前面都对 some:只能加在不可数名词的前面或可数名词复数的前面 a和the的区别 a是泛指, a man; the是特指, the man 在文章当中第一次出现名词的时候往往用a和an修饰, 第二次出现的时候用the 在表示一种笼统概念的陈述句中可以省略a和some Yesterday I bought a book. Books are not very expensive. 笼统概念 : 某一类/一种东西 The usages of the articles 冠词是一种虚词,用在名词或名词词组的前面,表示名词是特指还是泛指。冠词可分为不定冠词( the indefinite article)和定冠词( the definite article)两种形式。 不定冠词有 a, an， 定冠词有 the。其中, a 用在发音以辅音开头的名词之前, 而an则用在发音以元音开头的名词之前。 1. 表示某一类人或某事物中的任何一个,经常用在第一次提到某人或某物时,用不定冠词起介绍作用，表示一个。 I am reading an interesting story . There is a tree in front of my house. 2. 表示人或事物的某一种类, 强调整体, 即以其中的一个代表一类。 A horse is useful to mankind. A bird can fly. 不定冠词的用法 3. 用在事物的“单位”前,如时间, 速度, 价格等意义的名词之前,表示 “每一”。 We often go to Wisdom School three times a week. The potato is sold at about 5 yuan a kilogram. 4. 用来指某人某物,但不具体说明任何人或任何物。 A boy came to see you a moment ago . We need a car now. 5. 冠词用于某些词组。 a few 几个 a little 有点 There is a little milk in the bottle. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 Only a few students are in the classroom. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 定冠词的用法 1. 定冠词特指某(些)人或某(些)事物, 以区别于同类中其他的人或事物。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　 Is this the book you are looking for? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 Do you know the man in back? 2. 定冠词用来指上文中已提到过的人或事物。 I bought a book from Xinhua book-shop. The book costs 15 yuan. I saw a film yesterday.The film was ended at eight o'clock. 3. 定冠词用于表示世界上独一无二的事物或用于自然界现象或方位名词之前。 the sun　the moon　the earth 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the sky　the world　the winter night 4. 定冠词与单数名词连用,表示这一类人或物。 　The dog is a friend of our humans. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　The cat is an animal. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 5. 定冠词与某些形容词连用,使形容词名词化, 表示某一类人。 the poor, the rich, the wounded, the sick, the deaf. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 The wounded were brought to the hospital. 6. 用在序数词, 形容词最高级和表示方位的名词前。 This is the biggest city in China I have ever visited. I saw a plane coming from the east. 7. 定冠词用在演奏乐器的名称和文艺活动,运动场所的名称前。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 The little girl likes to play the violin. 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 They are going to the cinema tonight. 8. 定冠词用在报刊,杂志的名称的名词之前。 I am reading the China Daily now. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　Have you got the Evening Paper yet? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　The Times is a foreign newspaper. 9. 用在江河,海洋,山脉,群岛的名称之前。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 We live near the Yellow River. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 The Changjiang River is the biggest one in China. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 The Himalayas is located in Tibet. 10. 定冠词用在姓名复数之前,表示一家人。 　　　　　　　　　　 　　The Greens is very kind to us. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　The Whites like the classic music. 　　 　不用冠词的场合(零冠词) 1. 专有名词,抽象名词和物质名词之前一般不用冠词。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I think water is a kind of food, too. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Cotton feels soft. 2. 日常餐食名词之前不用冠词,但如果指具体的饮食时用定冠词 the。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 It’s time for breakfast. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 What did you have for dinner? 3. 在季节,月份,星期,节日, 球类运动,棋类游戏的名词之前不用冠词。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Summer is hot and winter is cold here. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Mid-Autumn Day is coming. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Today is the first day of May. 4.某些固定词组不用冠词。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 by air, on foot, at night, after school, at home, go to class, in fact, from morning till night. 5. 语言的名称前不用冠词。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Can you speak English? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 It's easy to learn English well. I know Russian but I don't know French. 　 Special Difficulties 许多动词加上介词或副词后就会改变词义，因此需要记住整个短语，并根据上下文的意义判断动词在句子中的意思。常见的短语动词有： put on（穿上，戴上）， take off（脱掉，摘掉）， look for （寻找），look after（照顾，照料）： Don't put the cup on the table! 别把杯子放在桌上！ It is cold outside. Put on your coat. 今天外面冷。穿上外衣。 Take off your wet shoes, please. 请把你的湿鞋子脱掉。 She looked at the picture carefully. 她仔细地看着那幅画。 What are you looking for? 你在找什么？ She looked after the sick baby for three days. 她照顾了那个病孩子3天。 Vocabulary Have you ever given money to the beggars in the street? Discussion Percy Buttons beggar n. knock v. return n. meal n. food n. 乞丐；穷人 敲；打 返回；归还 一餐，一顿饭 食物 奶酪；干酪 衣服口袋 邻居 拜访，光顾 cheese n. pocket n. neighbors n. call v. beggar n. 乞丐；（口）家伙 Let beggars match with beggars. （谚） 龙配龙, 凤配凤。 beg v. 乞求，乞讨；恳求 beg sth. from sb. 从某人那里乞求某事 beg sb. (not) to do sth. 恳求某人做/不做某事 They begged us not to punish them. 将遗失钱包归还失主 return v. 归还 in return for 作为报答 meal一顿饭 food食物 1. [U]食物，通常为不可数名词 没有食物和水我们活不了。 We can’t live without food and water. 2. [C] 食品 婴儿食品 baby foods 健康食品 health foods 冷冻食品 frozen foods food inner pocket 内口袋 pocket book 袖珍书 pocket dictionary 袖珍词典 pocket pick 车上的小偷 pick one’s pocket 扒窃 pocket money (小孩的)零花钱 pocket n. 衣服口袋 call 1. v. 拜访 call on sb 拜访某人（非正式，比较短时间的） 我星期天会去拜访你。 I'll ~ on you on Sunday. call at sp 拜访某地 昨天我去布朗先生家拜访。 I ~ed at Mr. Brown's yesterday. 2. v.打电话 call sb up=ring sb up 给某人打电话 今天晚上，我会给你打电话。 I’ll call you up this evening. 30 3. vt. 呼唤，召唤 露西病了，叫医生来。 Lucy is sick. Please call a doctor. 4. vt.&vi. 叫，喊 我听到有人在喊。 I heard someone calling. call out =shout 大声喊 当简在隔街看见男朋友时，就大声喊他。 Jane called out her boyfriend’s name when she saw him across the street. Text 1.Has the writer just moved to Bridge Street? 2.Who knocked at her door yesterday? 3.What did he do for a meal and a glass of beer? 4.What did the writer give him? Yes, she has. A beggar. He stood on his head and sang songs. She gave him a meal. Listen and try to answer these questions. 1.The beggar asked the writer for a meal and a glass of beer. ( ) 2.He put a piece of cheese in his bag and went away. ( ) 3.The beggar calls at every house in the street once a week. ( ) 4.He always asks for a meal and a glass of beer. ( ) T F pocket F month T Read the text loudly and try to decide if these sentences are True or False .读课文，判断正误。 I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street. move v./n 1. 移动，改变位置 把椅子移到角落去。 Move a chair to the corner. 2. 搬家，迁居 他付不起房租，所以他不得不搬家。 He couldn’t pay his rent, so he had to move out. 3. 使人感动 她的故事令人感动得流泪。 Her story moved us to tears. move about / move around四处走动 他在房间里走来走去，把他的东西放在一起。 He moved around the room, putting his things together. Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. ★knock v. 敲门 1. vi. 敲门 我敲了门，但是没有人应声。 I knocked, but no one answered. knock at 敲（门、窗等） 2. vt.&vi. 碰撞 今天上午吉姆被一辆公共汽车撞倒了。 Jim was knocked over by a bus this morning. 3. vt. 把（某人）打成……状态 他昨天把汤姆打晕过去了。 He knocked Tom out yesterday. 4. knock off有一些特殊含义，一般用于口语 ① vt. （价格上）减去，除去，打折扣 他杀价10％。 He knocked off ten percent from the price． ② vi. 下班，停止，中断（工作等） 你一般什么时候下班？ When do you usually knock off? 他十一点半休息吃中午饭。 He knocked off for lunch at half past eleven. He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. ask (sb.) for sth 问某人要什么东西 这个男孩又向他父母要钱了。 The boy asked his parents for money again. In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. return 1. 回报，作为报答 in return for 回报 作为他帮助的报答，我为他买了一份礼物。 I bought him a present in return for his help. a return ticket 往返票 2. v. 归还，返回 你必须一周之内归还这本书。 You must return the book in a week. stand on one’s head 头顶地倒立 stand on one's hands 用手着地 stand (stood, stood) 1. v. 起立 stand up! 起立！ 2. v. 容忍 尤其用于否定句和疑问句中，与can/ could 连用 他受不了炎热的天气。 He can’t stand hot weather. I gave him a meal. give sb sth = give sth to sb I gave the meal to him. He ate the food and drank the beer. Then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. 不可数名词要表示‘一个’这类概念时，加a piece of 这类定语 一条新闻 a piece of news go away 走开 敲门没人答应，于是我就走了。 There was no answer to my knock, so I went away． Later a neighbour told me about him. tell v. 告诉 tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事 让我告诉你关于他的事吧。 Let me tell you about him. tell sb sth 告诉某人某事 告诉你一个秘密。 Tell you a secret. 他告诉我他喜欢棒球。 He told me that he liked baseball. tell the truth 老实讲 Everybody knows him. everybody作为主语一定作单数看待 所有的不定代词作为主语一律为单数看待 : somebody，anybody，everything等 Everything has its beginning. 凡事都有个开始。 His name is Percy Buttons. He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer. call at 光顾，拜访 我们上周去新来的邻居家里拜访。 We called at our new neighbor's house last week． once a month, 每月一次 once表示频率时后面直接加表示时间的名词： Jane wrote to her parents once a week. 简每星期给父母写封信。 他每年回两次南方。 He goes back to the South twice a year. Thank you！ Percy Buttons VOA , track 6 77060.93 www.tingvoa.com - VOA $$