06.Unit 2 Using language（课件+练习）-【上好课】2024-2025学年高二英语同步精品课堂(外研版2019选择性必修第一册).

Unit 2 Onwards and upwards Using language 一、单词拼写 1. The campus was still quiet when I arrived, so I decided to e a bit. 2. If you exercise outdoors, you can learn to b more deeply, allowing more oxygen to get to your brain. 3. The travelers decide to e their two-week vacation to a month so that they can behold more beautiful sights in China. 4. When she is u , she may want a hug or to be left completely alone. 5. One can feel how e the audiences are just by listening to their thundering cheers. 6. Her remark was followed by an e silence. 7. We definitely need to s to different forms of power as soon as possible. 8. The young athlete is hoping to c in the London Marathon. 9. In order to take good care of her sick parents, Susan decided to q her well-paid job, for in her eyes, parents were more important than a job. 10. Everyone knows that the USA wants to d the world. 11. I decided to c all my efforts on finding somewhere to live. 12. Henry tried to s__________ help from the embassy but he failed. 13. When he retired, he tried to d himself from politics. 14. It isn’t w_______________ spending so much time on little problems. 15. Nowadays, parents tend to offer lots of praise to their children, hoping to b their confidence. 16. She promised to r our wishes. 17. Madam, I'm sorry to b you, but can you show me the way to the nearest post office? 18. It will help relieve the pressure in preventing and controlling imported COVID-19 cases and also l the risk of outbreaks. 19. Don’t forget to s off the air-conditioning when you go to bed. 20. Climbing to the top of Mount Tai was tiring, but seeing the sunrise made it all w . 21. Every Chinese feels it an honor to h the Winter Olympics. 22. We are very u to hear that our applications have been turned down. 23. Anyone who wants to travel abroad needs to a for a passport first. 24. As a parent you try to c a stable home environment for your children to grow in. 25. I forgot to w up my watch, so I didn’t know the time. 26. Although retired, my grandpa is so e about volunteer work that he is actively involved in various community services, such as clean-up campaigns. 27. Something has to be done to try to n the gap between the two regions: the economy in the north is at least ten times smaller than that in the South. 28. Increasing numbers of people e to work from home nowadays. 29. The team refused to r themselves to being defeated. 30. They were soon caught by the police as they made no attempt to e . 31. They recently failed to n a mutually (双方) acceptable new contract. 32. I’m delighted to inform you that the spelling c will take place in our school next week. 33. The champion of the creative writing c goes to students from Guohua Memorial Middle School. 34. Striving for success without hard work is like trying to h where you haven’t planted. 35. While the problems are not serious, we shall need to t them as soon as possible. 36. The ship struck a rock, and began to s . 37. I settled her on the sofa and put a b over her. 38. He finally managed to o his fear of flying. 39. It was the different culture that made it hard for him to a to the new environment abroad. 40. I want to f on my band and have a career in music when I leave school. 二、根据汉语（英语）提示完成句子 41. She managed (振奋起来) her friend with a funny joke. 42. I’m sorry. (诗歌大赛申请的截止日期) is May 27th. You have missed it. 43. Tom tried to a (道歉) for b a (导致) inconvenience to us. 44. Though they have tried many times, they refuse to .(承认失败) 45. Many of them decide to (定居) in Hong Kong after graduation and this has contributed greatly to cultural diversity in Hong Kong. 46. The kid (对….好奇) animals, and is (期望父母带他去) to the zoo by his parents. 47. The boy buried his face in his hands, (假装正在哭泣) when his mom came in. 48. We refused to   (放弃) when faced with difficulties. 49. I plan to a f a part-time job at the local bookstore to earn some extra money for the summer. (申请，应聘) 50. Obviously, when people are under pressure, they (往往会感到焦虑). 51. (他想把枪藏在外套下面) but it was too long so he had to cut the end off with a saw (锯). 52. They (保证调查此案)at once. 53. The volunteers helped to (清除)the snow on the city roads. 54. The letter he wrote (使得解释他的目的更难了). 55. I struggled to on my new skates but failed. (保持平衡) 56. If you have any questions, please (毫不犹豫地联系我们). 57. When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I decided to (申请) the one that reflected my interest. 58. Even though Buddhism entered China much earlier, it did not really begin to (显示扩张)until the seventh century. 59. Hard work is the key of the game if you want to (在……上取得成功) business. 60. If cats and dogs can learn (与……相处)，surely people have a good chance. 三、语法填空 1 I dream to be a popular teacher in the future because I hope I can bring knowledge and 61 (happy) to children. With time passing by, my wonderful middle school life is coming to 62 end. 63 (Look) back on my middle school, I feel as if it was only yesterday. Just when I 64 (enter) Sunshine School, I was 65 (surprise) to find I struggled with my study. I still remembered my first mid-term exam. I failed many subjects. I was wondering how to improve my study 66 Ms Zhang gave me a hand. She encouraged me 67 (face) the difficulties. Thanks to Ms Zhang, I have gained a lot both in my study and in my life. I hope I can deal with any difficulties 68 (brave) in the future. All in all, I will learn harder to get 69 (much) knowledge so as to lay a good foundation (基础) for my future. I will make the most 70 every second and make my dream come true. I believe I can succeed! 2 Throughout history, there are many successful people in the world, 71 Newton who made great 72 (achieve) in Physics, and Darwin who devoted all his life to biology. And I want to follow in 73 (they) footsteps and become successful. How can I realize my dream? First of all, there is no doubt that I must study hard from now on. The harder I study, the greater progress I will make and 74 (close) I will get to success. Secondly, I must be a helpful person, 75 (try) my best to help others out and earning their respect. For me, helping others is a satisfactory thing and I will not hesitate 76 (give) others a hand 77 they are in trouble. Eventually, I should make good use of my time, and finish my work on time. Actually, being 78 (punctuality) is a quality that great minds need. Everybody has a dream, and so 79 I. I dream to be successful. Whether it is difficult to come true or not, I will do everything I can to make it, because I have 80 but a heart of being successful. 四、阅读理解 1 How I wish to go to the bottom (底部) of the sea for an adventure (探险)! There are quite a lot of beautiful fishes swimming here around me and they are in different shapes and colors. A big whale or a shark might appear. Frightening, isn’t it? But most fishes are friendly and won’t hurt you if you do not attack them. It would be great fun just to watch the fishes quietly and even play with them. — from Qin Yixing. Last night, I had a dream. I was flying to Africa. Once I reached the land, I found a jeep to the grasslands. I was about to get into the jeep when I saw a few snakes in front of me. Luckily, they went away without hurting me. Soon I happened to find some nice giraffes and a crowd of zebras. On my way back, there was something wrong with the jeep. I was so scared that I fell with the jeep upside down. Much to my surprise, a helicopter (直升飞机) came in time to rescue me. What a dream adventure! — from Zhang Liang. 81. Qin Yixing dreams to go to the bottom of the sea to ______. A. have a holiday B. take an adventure C. find a job D. watch a game 82. According to Qin Yixing, we know most fishes are _______. A. noisy B. frightening C. friendly D. quiet 83. Zhang Liang got to Africa ______. A. by plane B. by jeep C. by water D. by bus 84. In his dream, Zhang Liang saw all these animals EXCEPT _______. A. snakes B. giraffes C. zebras D. tigers 2 It was time to break free. I needed to run away and the Bloomsburg Fair was the best place to go. I don’t know if you can call it running away wince it was only and hour away from my home. But once I entered the fair grounds, I crossed over into another world. The loudspeaker offered background music over the sounds of people of people talking, bargaining and food sellers yelling for your attention. I belonged here. I didn’t know if I had it in my blood or not, but I always wanted to have a small food stand and travel in my off season from fair to fair selling goodies. Perhaps one day. It certainly wasn’t a priority(优先考虑的事)in my life , Perhaps it should be. After I was there a while, I needed to get away to a quiet spot. Most of the time, I could find that anywhere the farm animals were kept. They needed the quiet. So I went there to find peace with the cows, goats, horses, pigs and yes, the turkeys. You'd think being this close to "Thanksgiving", they'd be a little scared, but they were not. It was in the dairy barn（仓库）where I found peace this time. I so admired the young folks who tended to farm animals. I thought they had a greater appreciation for life. They participated in it firsthand. I once watched a young fanner help bring a baby cow into the world. My favorite scene was to come across a young cowboy lying in the hay asleep among the cows that had settled down for a rest. There, with his heads in a small soft spot alongside his favorite cow, I had seen him in a much deserved sleep. Perhaps better at rest there than in his own bed. I had the pleasure of speaking with a young teenage farm girl that day. "You look so comfortable," I said to her. "Oh I am," she said. "Life makes it comfortable for me." "You mean being a farm girl?" "No, Life! That's the name of my cow," she said, smiling as she gently patted the cow's side. "I thought they called cows Betsy and Elsie. Why did you call her Life?" “I discovered life again here. It was the only meaningful name that came to mind. I had been raised in the big city and really hated it. Then we moved to the country, running away from Lt all. I think my parents called it a mid-life crisis," she said, laughing. "Oh, I can understand that. I've been in one since birth," I said. "It was on the farm that I learned to love life again. I was there when Life was born. It was so exciting. My whole outlook on the world changed. So I named her Life. Now, I can say I really love 'Life'," she said. "How amazing! I write stories and I am always trying to get people to enjoy life, to wake up each day expecting the best from it. But they all too often go to bed with so much bad stuff in their soul, and on their mind, that they wake up feeling bad and expect it to only get worse from there. All too often it does, just because that's all they choose to see in that otherwise perfectly beautiful day," I told her. "That's too bad. They need to see a cow born, a chicken hatch. I guess they need to wake up early and hug Life!" she said, laughing. "When was the last time you hugged Life?" she asked me. "I am sorry to say even I have had trouble doing that lately," I said. "Come here!" she said. Then standing up and stepping aside, she said, "Go ahead…hug Life!" I paused for a moment and dropping all thoughts of looking silly, I did. I hugged a cow. 85. The writer went to the Bloomsburg Fair probably in order to . A. have fun B. get ideas for writing C. do shopping D. escape something he disliked 86. The following things happened in the Bloomsbury Fair except . A. food sellers' shouting B. the writer's selling goodies C. people's bargaining and talking D. the loudspeaker's broadcasting music 87. What can we learn from Paragraphs 5, 6 and 7_______? A. The writer tended to farm animals firsthand. B. The cowboy was lazy and fell asleep among the cows. C. The writer found peace where farm animals were kept. D. The turkeys got into panic with "Thanksgiving" approaching 88. The underlined word "it"（Paragraph 14）refers to . A. the city B. the country C. the barn D. the fair 89. The writer was surprised at the farm girl's words and he thought people often________. A. expected to get the best things B. enjoyed perfectly beautiful days C. ignored the bright side of each day D. felt really bad due to poor sleep at night 90. What can be the best title for the passage? A. Farm Life and Happiness B. Hugging Life C. A Farm Girl and Her Cow D. Enjoying Freedom 参考答案 一、 1. explore/xplore 【解析】考查动词。句意：当我到达时，校园里还是很安静的，所以我决定去探索一下。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词explore，固定搭配decide to do sth.“决定做某事”,to不定式符号，接动词原形。故填explore。 2. breathe/reathe 【解析】考查动词。句意：如果你在户外锻炼，你可以学会更深入地呼吸，让更多的氧气进入你的大脑。根据下文“allowing more oxygen to get to your brain (让更多的氧气进入你的大脑)”可知空白处应填表示“呼吸”含义的动词，根据首字母提示，以b开头且表示“呼吸”含义的动词为：breathe，分析句子结构，本句使用了动词不定式作宾语，根据空白处前面的动词不定式符号to可知空白处填动词原形，故填breathe。 3. extend/xtend 【解析】考查动词。句意：旅行者们决定将两周的假期延长到一个月，这样他们就可以在中国看到更多美丽的风景。结合句意和首字母提示可知，动词extend“延长”符合题意，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”是固定短语，故空处应填动词原形。故填extend。 4. upset/pset 【解析】考查形容词。句意：当她心烦意乱时，她可能想要一个拥抱，或者完全一个人呆着。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语，根据句意，表示“心烦意乱的，失落的”用upset。故填upset。 5. enthusiastic/nthusiastic 【解析】考查形容词。句意：只要听到观众雷鸣般的欢呼声，就能感受到他们的热情。设空处使用形容词作表语，表示“热情的”用enthusiastic。故填enthusiastic。 6. embarrassed/mbarrassed 【解析】考查形容词。句意：她的话讲完后，接下来便是尴尬的沉默。此处缺少形容词作定语修饰名词silence，根据首字母提示和句意“感到尴尬的”可知是形容词embarrassed，描述人的感受用ed形式的形容词，故填embarrassed。 7. switch/witch 【解析】考查动词。句意：我们肯定需要尽快转向不同形式的电力。分析句子可知，此空应填动词原形，与前面to构成不定式，在本句中作宾语。再由首字母和句意可知，应填switch，表“转换”，符合句意。故填switch。 8. compete/ompete 【解析】考查动词。句意：这位年轻运动员希望参加伦敦马拉松比赛。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用动词compete，意为“竞争，对抗，参加比赛”，此处考查动词短语hope to do，动词不定式作其宾语，to后接动词原形。故填compete。 9. quit/uit 【解析】考查动词。句意：为了照顾生病的父母，苏珊决定辞去高薪工作，因为在她看来，父母比工作更重要。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词quit“放弃”，固定搭配decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。故填quit。 10. ominate/dominate 【解析】考查动词。句意：每个人都知道美国想要主宰世界。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，此处为动词dominate“统治，主宰”，满足句意要求，to后接动词原形。故填dominate。 11. concentrate/oncentrate 【解析】考查动词。句意：我决定集中精力找个住的地方。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，此处为动词concentrate“集中注意力”，满足句意要求，结合空前to不定式可知，为动词原形。故填concentrate。 12. seek/eek 【解析】考查动词。句意：亨利试图寻求使馆帮助但他失败了。根据单词首字母以及句意“寻求”可知应填动词seek，且上文为短语try to do sth.。故填seek。 13. distance/istance 【解析】考查动词。句意：退休后，他尽量使自己置身于政治之外。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词distance，固定搭配distance oneself from“使自己远离”，空前的to是不定式符号，应用动词原形。故填distance。 14. worthwhile/orthwhile 【解析】考查形容词。句意：花这么多时间在这些小问题上是不值得的。空处应填形容词作表语，结合句意及首字母提示可知，worthwhile值得的。故填worthwhile。 15. boost/oost 【解析】考查动词和动词不定式。句意：现在，父母倾向于给他们的孩子很多称赞，希望提高他们的信心。根据“parents tend to offer lots of praise to their children”和首字母b可知，此处是指希望提高他们的信心，所以应用动词boost表示“增强，提高”。hope to do意为“希望做某事”，此处用to do不定式作宾语。故填boost。 16. respect/ espect 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：她答应尊重我们的意愿。根据空格后的“意愿”可知。此处表示的是“尊重我们的意愿”，respect意为“尊重”，不定式to后用动词原形。故填respect。 17. bother/other 【解析】考查动词。句意：女士，很抱歉打扰你，但你能告诉我去最近的邮局的路吗？根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词bother，空前 to是不定式符合，应用动词原形。故填bother。 18. lower/ower 【解析】考查动词。句意：这将有助于缓解预防和控制输入性新冠肺炎病例的压力，并降低疫情爆发的风险。分析句子结构，根据并列连词and可知空白处应填动词与动词relieve(缓解)并列，为省略to的动词不定式在句子中作宾语，再根据下文“the risk of outbreaks(爆发的风险)”可知空白处应填表示“降低”含义的动词，根据首字母提示，以l开头且含义为“降低”的词为：lower，与句子表达的含义一致，故填lower。 19. switch/witch 【解析】考查动词。句意：睡觉的时候别忘了关空调。根据单词首字母及句意“关掉”以及空前的Don’t forget to和空后的off可知应填动词原形switch，switch off 意为“切断电源”，forget to do意为“忘记做某事”，不定式形式作宾语。故填switch。 20. worthwhile/orthwhile 【解析】考查形容词。句意：爬到泰山顶上很累，但看到日出使一切都值得。空处作宾语补足语，结合“seeing the sunrise”和首字母提示可推知，形容词worthwhile“值得的”符合题意，表示看到日出使一切都值得。故填worthwhile。 21. host/ost 【解析】考查动词。句意：每个中国人都觉得举办冬奥会是一种荣誉。根据单词首字母及句意“举办”及空前的不定式符号to可知应填动词原形host，不定式作真正的宾语。故填host。 22. upset/pset 【解析】考查形容词。句意：听说我们的申请被拒绝了，我们很难过。形容词作表语，根据句意和首字母，表示“难过的”用upset。故填upset。 23. apply/pply 【解析】考查动词。句意：任何想出国旅游的人必须首先申请护照。根据句意可知此处缺“申请”的意思，又根据首字母可知是apply。故填apply。 24. create/reate 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为父母，你要努力为你的孩子创造一个稳定的家庭环境。根据句意和首字母提示可知，此处为动词create，try to do sth.为固定短语，意为“努力做某事”，空处需填动词原形与to构成动词不定式作宾语。故填create。 25. wind/ind 【解析】考查动词。句意：我忘记给手表上发条了，所以我不知道时间。根据句意和提示的首字母可知，此处应为wind意为“给（钟表等）上发条”符合句意，分析句子结构可知，此处应为动词原形，与to构成不定式，作宾语。故填wind。 26. enthusiastic/nthusiastic 【解析】考查形容词。句意：我爷爷虽然退休了，但他对志愿者工作非常热情，他积极参与各种社区服务，比如清洁运动。结合句意及首字母提示可知，enthusiastic“热情的”，形容词，在句中作表语，故填enthusiastic。 27. narrow/arrow 【解析】考查动词。句意：必须采取一些措施来缩小这两个地区之间的差距：北方的经济至少比南方小十倍。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填动词narrow，上文为短语try to do sth.。故填narrow。 28. elect/lect 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：现在越来越多的人选择在家工作。主语后缺少谓语动词，根据nowadays可知，是一般现在时。结合首字母提示和句意可知，动词elect“选择”符合题意，此处为短语elect to do sth.表示“选择做某事”。故填elect。 29. resign/esign 【解析】考查动词。句意：该队不甘心失败。根据refuse to do (拒绝做某事），可知空格处是动词原形，resign oneself to：甘心、听从、顺从结合首字母和句意，故填resign。 30. escape/scape 【解析】考查动词。句意：他们没有企图逃跑，很快就被警察抓住了。不定式to后接动词原形。根据首字母提示及句意，故填escape。 31. negotiate/egotiate 【解析】考查动词。句意：他们最近未能通过谈判达成双方都能接受的新合同。根据单词首字母和句意“谈判”及前文不定式符号to可知，此处应用动词原形negotiate构成不定式作宾语。故填negotiate。 32. contest/ontest 【解析】考查名词。句意：我很高兴地通知你，拼写比赛将于下周在我们学校举行。根据句意，设空处应用名词contest，意为“比赛，竞赛”，名词短语spelling contest意为“拼词比赛”，此处为单数名词，作宾语从句的主语。故填contest。 33. contest/ontest 【解析】考查名词。句意：创作比赛的冠军是国华纪念中学的学生。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“比赛”，应用名词contest作宾语，且此处特指这次创作比赛，为单数意义，应用单数，故填contest。 34. harvest/arvest 【解析】考查动词。句意：不努力而求成功无异于不栽种而求收获。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用动词harvest，此处为不定式作宾语。故填harvest。 35. tackle/ackle 【解析】考查动词。句意：虽然问题还不严重，但我们需要尽快解决它们。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词tackle“解决”，固定短语need to do sth.“需要做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填tackle。 36. sink/ink 【解析】考查动词。句意：船触礁开始下沉。根据前文“The ship struck a rock”可知，船触礁了，所以应该是下沉，再结合所给首字母，应用动词sink，在不定式符号后用动词原形。故填sink。 37. blanket/lanket 【解析】考查名词。句意：我把她放在沙发上，在她身上盖了一条毯子。根据空前的冠词a可知，这里应用名词的单数形式。根据空后的“over her”和首字母提示可知，这里应用blanket“毯子”。故填blanket。 38. overcome/vercome 【解析】考查副词。句意：他终于克服了对飞行的恐惧。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用动词overcome，根据manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”可知，空处填动词原形。故填overcome。 39. adapt/dapt 【解析】考查动词。句意：正是不同的文化才使他很难适应国外的新环境。根据句意，设空处应用动词adapt，此处考查动词短语adapt to，意为“使自己适应于”，以不定式短语作真正的宾语。make后的it为形式宾语，to后接动词原形。故填adapt。 40. focus/ocus 【解析】考查动词。句意：当我离开学校时，我想专注于我的乐队，从事音乐事业。根据句意以及首字母提示，空处应用动词focus，focus on表示“专注于”，want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”，空前已经出现不定式符号to，空处应用动词原形形式。故填focus。 二、 41. to cheer up 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：她设法用一个有趣的笑话使她的朋友振作起来。“振奋起来”用动词短语cheer up，manage to do...是固定搭配，意为“设法做到”，用不定式作宾语。故填to cheer up。 42. The deadline for applications of the poetry contest 【解析】考查名词和短语。“……的截止日期”用短语the deadline for表达；“申请”用名词application表达；“诗歌大赛”表达为名词短语the poetry contest；“诗歌大赛申请的截止日期”在句中作主语，表达为the deadline for applications of the poetry contest，此空置于句首，首字母大写，故答案为The deadline for applications of the poetry contest。 43. apologize bringing about 【解析】考查不定式和动名词。句意：汤姆试图为给我们带来的不便道歉。try to do是固定短语，意为“试图做某事”，因此第一空用动词原形，由首字母提示a可知，“道歉”是apologize；由首字母提示b和a可知，“导致”是固定短语bring about，for是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，因此第二空是动名词bringing，第三空是about。故填apologize，bringing，about。 44. take defeat 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：尽管他们已经尝试了很多次，但他们拒绝承认失败。根据汉语提示，空处应用动词短语take defeat，表示“承认失败”，refuse to do sth.为固定短语，表示“拒绝做某事”，所以空处应用动词原形形式。故填①take，②defeat。 45. settle down 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：他们中的许多人决定毕业后在香港定居，这大大促进了香港的文化多样性。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用动词短语settle down，且上文为短语decide to do sth.，不定式作宾语。故填settle down。 46. is curious about expecting to be taken 【解析】考查动词短语和时态。句意：这孩子对动物很好奇，一直期待父母带他去动物园。第一空表示“对……好奇”应用固定短语be curious about，结合is可知，此处为一般现在时，主语为the kid，be动词用is；第二空表示“期待被带去”，应用固定短语expect to do sth，expect与主语kid是主动关系，空前有is，结合句意，故用现在进行时，take“带”，与逻辑主语kid是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式to be taken。故填①is curious about；②expecting to be taken。 47. pretending to be crying 【解析】考查动词时态和非谓语动词。句意：当他妈妈进来时，男孩把脸埋在手里，假装正在哭泣。表示“假装正在做某事”应用pretend to be doing sth.，结合“came in”可知，此处为一般过去时，pretend用过去式；表示“哭泣”应用cry，此处表示“假装正在哭泣”，需用动词不定式的进行式。故填①pretended；②to；③be；④crying。 48. give up 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：我们在困难面前不放弃。表示“放弃”应用动词短语give up，由空前的We refused to可知，应填动词原形，不定式作宾语。故填give up。 49. apply/pply for/or 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：我打算在当地书店申请一份兼职工作，在暑假挣些外快。根据汉语意思及首字母提示，应该填入固定短语“apply for”，plan to do意为“打算做某事”，故填①apply ②for。 50. tend to be anxious 【解析】考查动词短语、时态和非谓语动词。句意：显然，当人们面临压力时，他们往往会感到焦虑。根据句子结构，时间状语从句为一般现在时态，主句用一般现在时，主语为they，谓语动词用原形。根据汉语提示，“往往会”表达为tend to do，作谓语动词；“感到焦虑”表达为短语be anxious，以动词不定式的形式作宾语。故填tend to be anxious。 51. He wanted to hide the gun under his coat 【解析】考查时态，动词短语和非谓语动词短语。句意：他想把枪藏在外套下面，但是它太长了，所以他不得不用锯子把枪的一头锯掉了。根据语境，设空处用一般过去时态；“想做某事”表达为want to do sth.，动词不定式作谓语动词want的宾语；“把枪藏在外套下面”表达为hide the gun under his coat。结合其他中文提示，故填He wanted to hide the gun under his coat。 52. guaranteed to look into the case 【解析】考查一般过去时和动词短语。句意：他们保证立刻会调查这个案子。根据句意，本句叙述的动作发生在过去，所以时态用一般过去时。表示“保证做某事”用guarantee to do sth.，结合时态，所以谓语guarantee用guaranteed；表示“调查”用短语look into，作guarantee的宾语，表示“案子”用the case，作调查的宾语，结合汉语，故填：guaranteed to look into the case。 53. clean up 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：志愿者们帮助清理城市道路上的积雪。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用固定短语clean up“清除”，空前有不定式符号to，故其后用动词原形。故填clean up。 54. made it harder to explain his purpose 【解析】考查动词时态、非谓语动词和形容词。句意：他写的那封信使人很难解释他的目的。分析句子可知，主语the letter后缺少谓语动词，make it harder to do sth.，表示“使做某事更难”，it是形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语，形容词作宾补，“解释他的目的”是explain his purpose，根据wrote可知，用一般过去时。故填made it harder to explain his purpose。 55. keep balance 【解析】考查短语。句意：我穿着新冰鞋努力保持平衡，但失败了。根据汉语提示，固定短语keep balance“保持平衡”符合题意，不定式符号to后跟动词原形。故填keep；balance。 56. don’t hesitate to contact us/do not hesitate to contact us 【解析】考查祈使句和动词。句意：如果您有任何问题，请不要犹豫地联系我们。根据提示的汉语，表示“毫不犹豫地做某事”应为don’t hesitate to do sth.或者do not hesitate to contact us，表示“联系”应为contact，表示“我们”应为us作contact的宾语。分析句子结构可知，该句为祈使句的否定形式。故填don’t hesitate to contact us/do not hesitate to contact us。 57. apply for 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：到了最后选择一门课程的时候，我决定申请我感兴趣的那门。根据汉语提示可知短语为apply for，此处为不定式作宾语。故填apply for。 58. show expansion 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：尽管佛教进入中国的时间要早得多，但它直到公元7世纪才真正开始扩张。根据汉语提示可知短语为show expansion，且上文为短语begin to do sth.。故填show expansion。 59. succeed in 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：如果你想在事业上取得成功，努力工作是关键。根据汉语提示可知短语为succeed in，此处为不定式作宾语。故填succeed in。 60. to get along 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：如果猫和狗都能学会相处，人肯定有很好的机会。分析句意再根据汉语提示可知，此处用固定短语get along表示“与……相处”，再根据learn可知，后面应该用动词不定式作宾语。故填to get along。 三、 1 61. happiness 62. an 63. Looking 64. entered 65. surprised 66. when 67. to face 68. bravely 69. more 70. of 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了自己的中学时光和自己想要成为一名受欢迎的老师的梦想。 61. 考查名词。句意：我梦想将来成为一名受欢迎的老师，因为我希望我能给孩子们带来知识和快乐。空处和knowledge并列，需填名词作宾语。故填happiness。 62. 考查冠词。句意：随着时间的流逝，我美好的中学生活即将结束。come to an end为固定短语，意为“结束”。故填an。 63. 考查非谓语动词。句意：回顾我的中学，我觉得好像就在昨天。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词feel，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，I和look为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Looking。 64. 考查动词时态。句意：就在我进入阳光学校的时候，我惊讶地发现我的学习很吃力。根据“was”可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填entered。 65. 考查形容词。句意同上。was为系动词，空处需填形容词作表语，表示“人的感受”，需用-ed结尾的形容词。故填surprised。 66. 考查固定句型。句意：我想知道如何提高我的学习时，张老师帮助了我。sb. be doing…when…为固定句型，意为“某人正要做……突然……”。故填when。 67. 考查非谓语动词。句意：她鼓励我面对困难。encourage sb. to do sth.为固定用法，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，空处需填动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to face。 68. 考查副词。句意：我希望我能在未来勇敢地处理任何困难。修饰动词短语deal with需用副词作状语。故填bravely。 69. 考查形容词比较级。句意：总之，我会更加努力学习，获得更多的知识，为我的未来打下良好的基础。修饰名词knowledge需用形容词作定语，此处表示“更多的”，需用形容词比较级。故填more。 70. 考查介词。句意：我要充分利用每一秒，让我的梦想成真。make the most of为固定短语，意为“充分利用”。故填of。 2 71. like 72. achievements 73. their 74. closer 75. trying 76. to give 77. when 78. punctual 79. do 80. nothing 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了作者想要成为像牛顿、达尔文那样成功的人，于是下定决心，通过努力实现自己的梦想。 71. 考查介词。句意：纵观历史，世界上有许多成功的人，像牛顿在物理学上取得了巨大的成就，达尔文把他的一生都奉献给了生物学。后跟名词作宾语，表示“像……”，应用介词like。故填like。 72. 考查名词。句意：纵观历史，世界上有许多成功的人，像牛顿在物理学上取得了巨大的成就，达尔文把他的一生都奉献给了生物学。作made的宾语，用名词achievement，且表示复数意义，应用名词复数形式。故填achievements。 73. 考查代词。句意：我想追随他们的脚步，获得成功。修饰后文名词footsteps，应用形容词性物主代词their，表示“他们的”，故填their。 74. 考查比较级。句意：我学习越努力，我取得的进步就越大，我离成功就越近。结合上文“The harder I study, the greater progress I will make and”可知，表示“越近”，应用比较级。故填closer。 75. 考查非谓语动词。句意：其次，我必须是一个乐于助人的人，尽我最大的努力帮助别人，赢得他们的尊重。分析句子结构可知，try在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填trying。 76. 考查非谓语动词。句意：对我来说，帮助别人是一件令人满意的事情，当别人有困难的时候，我会毫不犹豫地帮助他们。此处为短语hesitate to do sth.表示“犹豫做某事”。故填to give。 77. 考查时间状语从句。句意：对我来说，帮助别人是一件令人满意的事情，当别人有困难的时候，我会毫不犹豫地帮助他们。表示“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句，应用when。故填when。 78. 考查形容词。句意：事实上，守时是伟大心灵所需要的品质。be动词后，应用形容词，作表语。故填punctual。 79. 考查固定结构。句意：每个人都有一个梦想，我也是。当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“so+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构，此处为一般现在时，主语为I，应用do。故填do。 80. 考查代词。句意：无论实现与否，我都会尽我所能去实现它，因为我一无所有，只有一颗成功的心。结合句意表示“只有”短语为have nothing but。故填nothing。 四、 1 81. B 82. C 83. A 84. D 【解析】这是一篇应用文。短文叙述了秦宜星的愿望和张亮的梦。 81. 细节理解题。根据第一段“How I wish to go to the bottom (底部) of the sea for an adventure (探险)!”（我多么希望到海底去冒险啊!）可知，Qin Yixing希望去海底冒险。故选B项。 82. 细节理解题。根据第一段“But most fishes are friendly and won’t hurt you if you do not attack them.”（但是大多数鱼是友好的，如果你不攻击它们，它们就不会伤害你。）可知，大多数鱼都很友好。故选C项。 83. 细节理解题。根据第二段“I was flying to Africa.”（我乘飞机去非洲）可知，张亮乘飞机去非洲。故选A项。 84. 细节理解题。根据第二段“I was about to get into the jeep when I saw a few snakes in front of me. Luckily, they went away without hurting me. Soon I happened to find some nice giraffes and a crowd of zebras.”（我正要上吉普车，突然看到前面有几条蛇。幸运的是，他们没有伤害我就走了。不久，我碰巧发现了一些漂亮的长颈鹿和一群斑马。）可知，张亮没有看到老虎。故选D项。 2 85. D 86. B 87. C 88. A 89. C 90. B 【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇颇有哲理性的记叙文。文章一开头讲述了作者为逃离现状生活，到离家有一个小时路程的布鲁斯伯格集市，集市在鸡鸣声里，有人们的说话声，讨价还价声，卖食物的吆喝声等。后来作者想到一个安静的地方，作者选择了农民牧场。我欣赏年轻的人们蓄养动物，我觉得他们肯定很爱生活。我最喜欢的地方是去看一个年轻的牧童，他躺在牛群旁边的干草上面休息。我很喜欢跟一个农家女孩儿聊天，这位农家女孩儿跟我讲述她出生在城市，但是讨厌城市生活，便来到乡村，在乡村，这个女孩儿开始热爱生活，并且这期间小牛出生，小女孩儿很兴奋，给这头牛起名Life，也很喜欢Life。我很惊异，因为我总是尝试使人们享受生活，但是人们由于睡觉和醒来总是带着不好的感觉，因此他们总是期待生活不好的一面，我也因此内心受挫。小女孩儿最后鼓励我拥抱Life，我最后的确抱了Life。 85. 推断题。由第二自然段I needed to run away and the Bloomsburg Fair was the best place to go. 意思是：我需要逃离，布鲁斯伯格集市是最好的选择。而由后文知道，作者想让人们享受生活，但是人们总是期待一些不好的东西，作者因此内心受到挫折。可知作者去布鲁斯伯格集市最可能是为了逃离一些他不喜欢的事。故选D。 86.细节题。由第三自然段最后一句话The loudspeaker offered background music over the sounds of people talking, bargaining and food sellers yelling for your attention. 意思是：喇叭声在人们的谈话声、讨价还价声还有卖食物引起人们注意的吆喝声中，充当着背景音乐。可知作者在布鲁斯伯格集市没有卖糖果。故选B。 87. 推断题。由第五、六、七自然段主要讲述了作者想要去一个安静的地方，于是作者到了农民蓄养牲畜的牧场，由于作者觉得农民肯定蓄养动物，肯定很爱生活。同时作者看见牧童躺在一群牛旁边的干草上，很舒服的样子，作者心里得到安慰。故选C。 88. 细节题。由第十四自然段I had been raised in the big city and really hated it. 意思是：我生长在城市，我真的讨厌城市。故选A。 89. 细节题。由第十七自然段But they all too often go to bed with so much bad stuff in their soul, and on their mind, that they wake up feeling bad and expect it to only get worse from there. 意思是：但是他们经常带着不好的事情很早睡觉，而且醒来的时候，期待事情变得更加糟糕。可是人们对于农家女孩儿的话很惊讶，是因为他认为人们经常忽视生活好的一面。故选C。 90. 主旨推断题。文章后面讲到，作者很听到农家女孩儿讲述自己的故事，很惊异，同时想到自己努力使人们享受生活，但是人们却忽视生活好的一面，导致作者内心受挫，作者此时收到小女孩儿的激励，拥抱了Life，使得作者感受生命的力量，收获信心。所以文章的主题应该是拥抱Life。故选B. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$Unit 2 Onwards and upwards Using language 外研版2019必修第一册 重点知识分析 动词-ing形式与不定式作宾语 一、动词-ing形式作宾语 1.动词-ing形式可以跟在动词后面作宾语。 常见的只能接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词有: 表示“建议”“完成”“推迟”和“想象”:suggest, finish, postpone, delay, imagine 表示“需要”“承认”“介意”和“原谅”:require,admit,mind,pardon,excuse 表示“避免”“冒险”“练”“逃”和“错过”:avoid, risk, practice, escape, miss 表示“允许”“考虑”“理解”“喜欢”和“欣赏”:permit, consider, understand, enjoy, appreciate (2023·浙江1月高考)I enjoy getting my meals cooked for me every day. 我喜欢每天有人为我做饭。 (2023·浙江1月高考)Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. 考虑把你的旅行计划交给旅行社,让他仔细检查所有的细节,提出建议,然后处理实际的预订。 It is very important that we should practice speaking English every day. 我们每天练习说英语是很重要的。 2.动词-ing形式作介词宾语常用在动词短语后。 insist on,keep on,get used to, see to, pay attention to, take to, give up, aim at, believe in, be engaged in, care for, accuse...of, put off, prevent...from, thank...for, devote...to, depend on,set about, be fond of, be tired of, succeed in, be keen on, worry about,apologize for, feel like, dream of, lead to (2023·全国甲卷)In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips.在数字时代,我们习惯了我们需要的东西马上就在我们的指尖上。 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. 大卫患有脑部疾病,使他不能像其他孩子一样走路或跑步,但在学校里,他的同学认为他是一个正常的孩子。 【核心提示】动词-ing形式的复合结构作宾语 (1)形容词性物主代词+动词-ing形式 (2)人称代词宾格+动词-ing形式 (3)名词所有格+动词-ing形式 (4)名词+动词-ing形式 Would you mind my/me using your cell phone? 你介意我用你的手机吗? I knew nothing about the window being open. 我一点儿也不知道窗户开着。 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①The teacher suggested _______(do) the experiment in another way. ②I had no difficulty in ________(make) myself understood. ③I used to practise __________(speak) English every morning at university. ④She doesn’t feel like _________(study) abroad because her parents are old. ⑤The foreign friends are looking forward to _____________(show) around our school.  doing making speaking studying being shown 二、不定式作宾语 1.只能用不定式作宾语的动词有: (“希望”干)wish, hope, expect, long, desire; (早“打算”)plan, mean, prepare, attempt, intend; (“同意”“否”)agree, consent, refuse, decline; (“寻”“问”看)seek, ask, beg; (“选”“定”了)choose, decide, determine, promise; (“尽”“自愿”)manage, volunteer, tend; (“称”“失败”)claim, fail; (“敢”“假装”)dare, pretend (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. 他决定建造一个他后来称之为生态机器的东西。 2.可用于“动词+it+形容词/名词+to do sth.”结构中的动词有feel, find, make, think, believe, consider等。 They all feel it very hard to learn English. 他们都认为学英语很难。 3.有些介词后也可以接不定式作宾语,如介词but,except等。 This girl had no choice but to wait. 这个女孩除了等待别无选择。 【知识延伸】 动词不定式作宾语,通常有三种形式: (1)一般式:动词不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作(状态)同时发生,或是在它之后发生。当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的发出者时,用主动形式(to do);当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的承受者时,用被动形式(to be done)。 He appears to be very happy. 他看起来很高兴。 He refused to be photographed. 他拒绝让人拍照。 (2)进行式:动词不定式的进行式(to be doing)表示动词不定式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,并强调动作的持续性或动作正在进行。 When I came in, he pretended to be sleeping. 当我进来时,他假装正在睡觉。 It happened to be raining when I got there. 我到达那里的时候,碰巧在下雨。 (3)完成式:动词不定式的完成式(to have done)表示动词不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 He seems to have cut off the water supply. 他好像已切断了供水。 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①I had hoped ________(send) him a telegram to congratulate him on his marriage, but I didn’t manage it.  ②When his mother came in, the boy pretended _____________(read).  ③Finally the woman managed ____________(persuade) her husband to quit smoking.  ④If you want ______(go) with us, you should be ready by eight o’clock.  to send to be reading to persuade to go 三、接动词不定式/动词-ing 形式意义差别大的动词(短语) forget regret try go on (2023·浙江1月高考) I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! 我记得我给父母看了一段比娅·约翰逊的视频,分享我认为用罐子买杂货有多酷,而且垃圾这么少! Remember to turn off all the lights when you leave the classroom. 当你离开教室时,别忘记把所有的灯关掉。 They didn’t mean to go to Britain for further study.他们并不打算去英国深造。 His words meant going to help you without delay. 他的话意味着他将毫不拖延地前去帮助你们。 【核心提示】在need,require,want(表“需要”)等动词的后面可接动词-ing形式作宾语(用主动形式表示被动含义),也可接动词不定式的被动式作宾语。 Your house needs repairing/to be repaired. 你的房子需要维修。 The problem requires solving/to be solved immediately. 这个问题需要立即予以解决。 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①When I saw Tom,I stopped ________(greet) him,but he ignored me.  ②I regret ______ (tell) you that Tom regretted ________(make) friends with you.  ③I remembered my mother _______(take) me to the seaside when I was a child. We forgot ________(take) a towel and I felt very cold.  ④He regretted __________(forget) ________(shut) the door, or his house wouldn’t have been broken into.  ⑤We’ve had a good start, but next, more work needs ________________(do) to achieve the final success.  to greet to tell making taking to take forgetting to shut doing/to be done $$