Unit 4 Section Ⅱ LESSON 2 & LESSON 3（Word教参）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅱ　LESSON 2 & LESSON 3 [对应学生用书P23] [默写单词] 1.tension n.紧张;焦虑;焦急 2.muscle n.肌肉 3.mood n.心情,情绪 4.far-reaching adj.影响深远的 5.energise vt.使充满活力;使增强决心 6.immune adj.有免疫力的 7.cell n.细胞 8.comedian n.喜剧演员 9.chew vi.& vt.咀嚼 10.amusing adj.好笑的,有趣的 11.mirror n.镜子 12.genius n.天才,天赋;天才人物 [拓展单词] 1.physical adj.身体的,肉体的→physically adv.身体上，肉体上 2.psychological adj.心理的, 精神的→psychologically adv.心理上地；心理学地 3.infection n.感染;传染→infect vt.感染，传染→infected adj.带菌的；感染病菌的→infectious adj.传染性的；感染的 4.accidentally adv.偶然地,意外地→accidental adj.意外的，偶然的→accident n.意外；偶然的事 5.expense n.费用,花费→expensive adj.昂贵的；花钱多的→expensively adv.昂贵地；花钱多地 6.nationality n.国籍→nation n.国家→native adj.本地的；土著的；与生俱来的；天赋的→national adj.国家的；全国的；民族的；国立的→nationalist n.民族主义者；国家主义者→nationalistic adj.国家主义的；民族主义的 7.rely vi.依赖→reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→reliably adv.可靠地；确实地→reliability n.可靠性 8.universal adj.广泛适用的;共同的,普遍的→universally adv.普遍地；人人；无一例外地→universality n.普遍性 9.creation n.创造物,作品→create vt.创造，创作；造成→creative adj.创造性的→creatively adv.创造性地；有创造力地 10.academic adj.学术的 n.高等院校教师；高校科研人员→academy n.学院；研究院；学会；专科院校→academically adv.学术上；学业上 11.attain vt.得到,获得→attainable adj.可得到的；可达到的；可到达的 12.obtain vt.获得,得到→obtainable adj.能得到的→obtainment n.获得 13.talent n.天资,天赋,才能→talented adj.有才能的；有天赋的 14.rarely adv.很少,难得→rare adj.稀罕的；稀少的；珍贵的→rareness n.稀薄；稀罕；珍奇 15.convinced adj.确信的,信服的→convince vt.说服；使确信，使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的；有说服力的→convincingly adv.令人信服地；有说服力地 16.purely adv.完全地,纯粹地，仅仅→pure adj.纯的；纯净的；纯粹的 17.scholarship n.奖学金→scholar n.学者；奖学金获得者 18.producer n.制作人, 制片人→produce vt.生产，创作 1.at Sb’s expense 嘲笑某人 2.rely on 依赖; 信赖 3.protect ...from ... 保护……免受…… 4.be likely to do 可能会做 5.draw one’s attention 引起某人注意 6.focus on 关注 7.a series of 一系列 8.make an attempt 试图 9.on the contrary 相反 10.be famous for 因……而出名 11.nothing like 一点也不像 12.take out 拿出 13.show a talent for 展现对……的天赋 14.be in for 肯定会经历，注定要遭受 1.句型公式：that引导表语从句 教材原句：One example of this is that you can use humour to get people to laugh at you. 其中的一个例子就是你可以利用幽默让人们付之一笑。 佳句仿写：一般来说，气候温和的地区的语言种类相对较少。 The general rule is that there are relatively few languages in areas with mild climate. 2.句型公式：as if引导方式状语从句 教材原句：After a moment, he looks back at the envelope but this time he looks surprised, as if he did not know it was there. 过了一会儿，他再看那个信封，但是这一次，他看起来很惊讶，好像完全不知道它在那里。 佳句仿写：她给我讲故事，好像事发时我在场似的。 She told me stories as if I had been there when they happened. 3.句型公式：This/That/ It was why ... 教材原句：This may be why some of his characters have unusual ways of speaking. 这也是他所塑造的一些角色讲话方式与众不同的原因。 佳句仿写：他一次吃掉的食物超过了五个人的食量。 这就是为什么我们都感到惊讶。 He consumed more than five people could eat at a time. This was why we were all astonished. 4.句型公式：It is/was+被强调部分+that ... 教材原句：...but it was only later at university that he decided to become an actor. ……但是只有后来在大学里，他才决定成为一名演员。 佳句仿写：正因为如此，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。 It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru. [对应学生用书P25] [主旨大意] This article tells us the classic drama character Mr Bean and his actor Rowan Atkinson making us know the people and things behind comedies. [文章架构] Mr Bean Rowan Atkinson: The Contemporary Chaplin General introduction of Mr Bean: an internationally recognised 1.comedy character in films and TV series; has a 2.reputation for constantly encountering awkward situations;his humour relays purely on 3.body language.The author’s opinion of Mr Bean: 4.like to watch Mr Bean on TV.General introduction of Rowan Atkinson: an English actor, 5.comedian and screenwriter.6.Life stories of Rowan Atkinson: nothing like Mr Bean;7.grew up on a farm;studied at 8.Newcastle University.As early as primary school, Rowan had already 9.shown a talent for acting.Comments on Rowan Atkinson:Rowan would be more famous than Charlie Chaplin. [细节探究] 1.What does Mr Bean do according to the passage?( B ) A.A funny comedian. B.A comedy character. C.A famous producer. D.A talented actor. 2.What made Mr Bean a humorous comedy character?( A ) A.His funny body language. B.His interesting words. C.His special smiles. D.His funny facial expressions. 3.What can we infer from the last paragraph of Text 1?( C ) A.People like Mr Bean are humorous in real life. B.People like Mr Bean are funny in real life. C.People like Mr Bean are not popular in real life. D.People like Mr Bean are always in an awkward situation in real life. 4.Which of the following statements about Rowan Atkinson is not true?( D ) A.He was talented in acting at his early age. B.He was an expert in electrical engineering. C.He liked driving fast cars. D.He was also a famous producer. 5.From the last paragraph of Text 2, we can infer that B . A.Rowan is a genius B.Rowan is thought highly of C.Rowan is very famous D.Rowan is good at acting [难句突破] 1.We all know that if we are in bad mood, we are likely to express negative attitudes and feelings ... 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。that引导宾语从句，作know的宾语；在宾语从句中 if 引导条件状语从句。 翻译：我们都知道，如果我们心情不好，我们可能会表达消极的态度和情绪…… 2.His humour is always made clear through a series of simple and funny acts that rely purely on body language that is universal. 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。主句使用了被动语态，clear是主语补足语，介词短语through a series of simple and funny acts作状语，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词acts。 翻译：憨豆先生的幽默总是通过一系列简单有趣的动作就可以清晰地表现出来，这些动作仅仅依赖于广泛适用的肢体语言来呈现。 3.After a moment, he looks back at the envelope but this time he looks surprised, as if he did not know it was there. 分析：本句是一个并列复合句。but连接两个表示转折关系的并列分句。第二个分句中，as if引导方式状语从句，know后为省略了连接词的宾语从句。 翻译：过了一会儿，他再看那个信封，但是这一次，他看起来很惊讶，好像完全不知道它在那里。 TEXT 1 Mr Bean Mr Bean is an internationally① recognised comedy character in films and TV series. ❶He has a reputation for constantly encountering awkward situations, which greatly amuses audiences② of all nationalities and cultures. His humour is always made clear through a series of③ simple and funny acts that rely purely on④body language that is universal. One of⑤ my favourite episodes was Mr Bean in a fancy restaurant. After being seated at his table, Mr Bean takes out⑥ a card, writes a few words on it, puts it in an envelope and places it on the table. ❷After a moment, he looks back⑦at the envelope but this time he looks surprised, as if he did not know it was there. He opens it to find a birthday card and very happily puts it on the table for everyone to see. When he looks at the menu, an astonished look quickly appears on his face. He takes all the money out of⑧ his wallet, counts it and puts it in a saucer. He then looks from the menu to the money with concern⑨ until he finds one thing that makes him smile. Then he orders a dish called “steak tartare”. When the dish arrives, he is shocked to⑩ discover that “steak tartare” is actually raw hamburger. ❸He makes an attempt⑪ to eat it, but it is clear from the look on his face as he is chewing that he finds the taste truly awful. ❹He cannot hide his feelings, except⑫ when the waiters ask if everything is all right. When this happens, he smiles and nods, indicating⑬ that everything is fine. When the waiters are not looking, however, he busies himself hiding⑭ the raw meat anywhere he can reach—the sugar bowl, the tiny flower vase, inside a bread roll and under a plate. ❺He becomes so desperate in the end⑮ that he even hides some inside the purse of a woman sitting near him and throws some down the trousers of the restaurant’s violinist! I like to watch Mr Bean on TV but I wouldn’t want to meet someone like him in real life, and I certainly wouldn’t want to have dinner with him! TEXT 2 The Contemporary Chaplin Rowan Atkinson is an English actor, comedian and screenwriter. In Britain, Mr Atkinson is mostly famous for⑯ many successful TV shows but internationally we know him best as the awkward, clumsy, but always amusing Mr Bean. If you think that Rowan Atkinson is anything like⑰ his famous creation, then you are in for a surprise. On the contrary⑱, he is nothing like⑲ Mr Bean. Rowan was born on 6 January, 1955. He grew up⑳ on a farm with his parents and three older brothers. His father was very strict and did not believe in the value of television. Rowan had a very successful academic career. At the age of 13, he was awarded a scholarship to a boarding school. Later, he studied at Newcastle University where he attained the highest marks in his year. At Oxford, he obtained his master’s degree in electrical engineering. ❻This may explain why he loves fast cars, of which he has many. When Rowan was young, he had a stutter and to make his speech clearer, he began to speak very carefully. ❼This may be why some of his characters have unusual ways of speaking. As early as primary school, Rowan had already shown a talent for acting, but it was only later at university that he decided to become an actor. A key event occurred one day in 1976 when he was playing around and pulling a face in the mirror. “I discovered my face,” he said later. ❽John Lloyd, who worked as a producer for BBC Television, says that one rarely meets someone with such genius, and that when he worked with Atkinson he became convinced that Rowan would be more famous than Charlie Chaplin. [参考译文] 文章1 憨豆先生 憨豆先生是一个国际知名的影视喜剧人物。他的著名之处在于他总是遇到尴尬的情境，使来自不同国家、不同文化背景的观众都觉得非常好笑。憨豆先生的幽默总是通过一系列简单有趣的动作就可以清晰地表现出来，这些动作仅仅依赖于广泛适用的肢体语言来呈现。 我最喜欢的一集是憨豆先生在一家高档餐厅用餐。在餐厅里安排就座后，憨豆先生拿出一张卡片，在上面写了几个字，塞进信封，放在桌子上。过了一会儿，他再看那个信封，但是这一次，他看起来很惊讶，好像完全不知道它在那里。打开信封后，发现是一张生日贺卡，他便高兴地把贺卡放在桌上向大家炫耀起来。 看菜单时，憨豆先生脸上立刻露出震惊的表情。他把钱包里所有的钱都拿出来，数了数，放进碟子里。他担心地一会儿看看菜单，一会儿看看钱，最终找到了一种食物，脸上露出了微笑。然后他点了一道“鞑靼牛肉”。可上菜的时候，憨豆先生惊讶地发现“鞑靼牛肉”其实就是生肉馅。他试着尝了尝，从他那咀嚼的表情就能看出，这东西一点都不好吃。他无法掩饰自己的感觉，除了在服务员问他是否一切满意时。服务员问他的时候，他笑着点点头，装作一切都好的样子。然而，当服务员没有注意的时候，他却忙着把生肉藏到任何地方——糖碗、小花瓶、小面包卷里和盘子下面。最后他无计可施，居然把一部分生肉藏在旁边女士的钱包里，塞进餐厅小提琴手的裤子里！ 我喜欢看电视里的憨豆先生，却不希望在现实生活中遇到像他这样的人，更不想和他共进晚餐！ 文章2 当代卓别林 罗温·艾金森，英国喜剧演员、编剧。艾金森先生在英国的名气主要源于他参演了很多著名影视剧。但在国际上，我们所熟悉的他是那个尴尬、笨拙，总能把人逗乐的憨豆先生。如果你认为罗温·艾金森和他扮演的憨豆先生角色一样，那你一定会感到惊讶。相反，他本人实际上一点也不像憨豆先生。 罗温出生于1955年1月6日，随父母在农场长大，家中有三个哥哥。他的父亲非常严厉，不相信电视的价值。 [词汇注解] ①internationally adv.国际上 ②audience n.观众 ③a series of 一系列 ④rely on 依赖；信赖 ⑤one of ……之一 ⑥take out 拿出 ⑦look back 回忆；回顾 ⑧take ... out of 把……从……拿出 ⑨with concern 关心地 ⑩be shocked to 惊讶 ⑪make an attempt 试图 ⑫except prep.除了 ⑬indicate v.暗示 ⑭busy oneself doing 使自己忙于 ⑮in the end 最后 ⑯be famous for 因……而出名 ⑰anything like 和……相像 ⑱on the contrary 相反 ⑲nothing like 完全不像；完全不 ⑳grow up 长大 believe in 相信 at the age of 在……岁的时候 as early as 和……一样早 show a talent for 展现对……的天赋 in the mirror 在镜子里 work as 担任；以……身份而工作 work with 和……一起工作 [难句分析] ❶本句是一个主从复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。 ❷本句是一个并列复合句。but连接两个表示转折关系的并列分句；第二个分句中，as if引导方式状语从句，know后为省略了连接词的宾语从句。 ❸本句是一个并列复合句。but连接两个表示转折关系的并列分句；第二个分句中，it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语；其中as引导时间状语从句。 ❹本句是一个主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句，在该从句中，if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。 ❺本句是一个主从复合句。so ...that引导结果状语从句，其中sitting near him为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词woman，and连接两个并列的谓语hides和throws。 ❻本句是一个主从复合句。why引导宾语从句，of which引导非限制性定语从句。 ❼本句使用了“This/That/It be why ...”句式结构，其中why引导表语从句。 ❽本句是一个主从复合句。who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词John Lloyd，who在从句中作主语；and连接两个并列宾语从句，作动词says的宾语，第二个that引导的宾语从句中，when引导时间状语从句，在该状语从句的主句中，that引导宾语从句，作convinced的宾语。罗温的学生生涯非常成功。他13岁就获得了一所寄宿学校的奖学金，之后就读于纽卡斯尔大学，并以专业第一名的优异成绩毕业。随后，他又取得了牛津大学电气工程硕士学位。这也许是他那么喜欢跑车，而且收藏了很多跑车的原因吧。 罗温小时候有口吃的毛病，为了讲话更清楚，他说话格外仔细。这也是他所塑造的一些角色讲话方式与众不同的原因。 早在小学时，罗温就表现出了表演天赋，但是只有后来在大学里，他才决定成为一名演员。1976年的一天发生了一件关键的事情，闲玩之中他对着镜子做鬼脸。后来他说，“那天，我发现了自己的另一副面孔。” 英国广播公司电视台的制片人约翰·劳埃德说，遇到这样的天才很难得，与罗温的合作使他相信罗温会比查理·卓别林更出名。 [对应学生用书P7] 1 energise vt．使充满活力；使增强决心 But if we always try to be positive and funny, people will enjoy our company and feel energised. 但是，如果我们总是努力保持乐观和有趣，人们会喜欢我们的陪伴，并且感到充满活力。 ►情景探究 ①Giving your mind the proper rest and energy is vital to getting the best performance out of it. 让你的大脑得到适当的休息和能量对获得最佳表现很重要。 ②We spend most of our time and energy in competing with neighbors, friends and family. 我们把大部分的时间和精力花在与邻居、朋友和家人的竞争上。 ③After drinking a cup of tea, she found herself completely energetic, and she even praised it as a cure for all illnesses. 在喝了一杯茶之后，她发现自己精力充沛，她甚至称赞它可以治愈所有的疾病。 ④The researchers found that when the dogs were shown their owners—a positive experience—their tails wagged energetically to the right side. 研究人员发现，当狗看到它们的主人时——这是一种积极的体验——它们的尾巴会积极地向右侧摆动。 ►要点突破 ①be full of energy 充满活力 ②energetic adj.精力充沛的;充满活力的 keep energetic 保持活力 ③energetically adv.精力充沛地 power/strength/force/energy power 指权力、势力或影响力 strength 指人的体力，也可指强项、长处 force 强调暴力、武力等 energy 主要指人的精力或能源 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①George was an energetic（energy） man who lived life to the full. He loved his family, his friends, and was loyal and outspoken. ②They use the knowledge to spur(激励) themselves on and go after what they want energetically（energy） and passionately. [完成句子] ③所有的父母都知道，年幼的孩子总是精力充沛，渴望奔跑、跳跃和玩耍。 All parents know that young children are always energetic, eager to run, jump and play. 2 infection n.感染;传染 Both mean that our body is better able to fight inflection. 这都意味着我们的身体能够更好地对抗感染。 ►情景探究 ①The female hormones also protect the body in another way. They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections. 女性荷尔蒙还以另一种方式保护身体。它们帮助身体抵御一些感染。 ②The virus is transmitted to humans by close contact with infected birds or their excrement, and cannot be passed from human to human. 该病毒通过与受感染的鸟类或其粪便的密切接触传播给人类，不能在人与人之间传播。 ►要点突破 ①have an infection 受感染 suffer from an infection 患上感染/传染病 get/develop an infection 受感染 treat an infection 治疗感染 fight an infection 抵御传染 spread an infection 传播传染病 the source of an infection 传染源 ②infect vt.感染，传染 be infected with 感染上…… infect Sb. with 把……传染给某人 ③infected adj.传染的；传染性的；易传染的 ④infectious adj.传染性的 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①This substance is thought to help bee immune systems fight against bacterial infections（infect）. ②I wouldn’t say my laugh is all that unusual, but I guess to a family member it’s infectious（infect）. ③Tu Youyou has made great contributions to the people infected with malaria(疟疾). [完成句子] ④民众感染这种疾病的概率为60%。 There is a 60% probability that the population will be_infected_with_ the disease. 3 whisper vi.& vt.悄声说，低语，耳语 After a while, somebody whispered in my ear:“His name is Cliff,not Richard.” 过了一会儿，有人在我耳边低语：“他的名字叫克利夫，而不是理查德。” ►情景探究 ①After the toy was paid and packed，the little girl handed it back to the cashier and whispered something in her ear. 玩具付了钱并打包好后，小女孩把玩具还给了收银员，并在她耳边低声说了几句话。 ②He whispered to me that he was afraid of the darkness. 他低声对我说他怕黑。 ③The students spoke in whispers in class. 学生在课堂上交头接耳。 ►要点突破 ①It is whispered that ...有人私下说…… whisper to Sb.that ... 低声告诉某人…… whisper to oneself 低声对自己说 ②whisper n.低语（声） (speak) in whispers 低声（说）；窃窃私语 ►学以致用 [完成句子] ①我的爸爸在我耳边轻声说:“儿子，我非常为你感到骄傲，我爱你。” My father whispered in my ear, “I'm very proud of you, Son, and I love you.” ②他们小声说话，以免被别人听见。 They spoke in whispers lest they should be heard by others. ③她妈妈探过身去跟她耳语起来。 Her mother leaned over and whispered to her. ④据私下传闻，他负债累累。 It is whispered that he is heavily in debt. 4 embarrassment n.窘迫,尴尬 I made a joke about myself and that helped solve all the embarrassments. 我开了一个关于自己的玩笑，帮助解决了所有的尴尬。 ►情景探究 ①Team leaders must ensure that all members get over their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes. 团队的领导者必须确保所有的成员克服他们与生俱来的因惧怕犯错而难堪的心理。 ②For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. 多年来，玛格丽特为自己在音乐方面的问题感到尴尬。 ►要点突破 ①to one’s embarrassment 使某人尴尬的是 ②embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬 ③embarrassing adj.使人害羞的 an embarrassing question/situation 令人难堪的问题/处境 ④embarrassed adj.窘迫的，尴尬的，害羞的 be/feel embarrassed about/at 因……而感到尴尬/窘迫 be embarrassed to do sth. 尴尬/窘迫地做某事 an embarrassed silence 尴尬的沉默 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①A friend should not be embarrassed to lay(lay) bare to those whom he trusted. ②It is embarrassing(embarrass) that when an old friend greeted me at the party, his name escaped me. ③To her embarrassment(embarrass), she couldn’t remember his name. [完成句子] ④他窘迫地承认给了我们虚假信息。 He was embarrassed to admit giving us false information. 5 Accidentally adv.偶然地,意外地 For instance, if you accidentally pour coffee all over yourself, you can laugh at yourself or make a joke about it. 例如，如果你不小心把咖啡倒在自己身上，你可以自嘲或开个玩笑。 ►情景探究 ①Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her attitude. 不幸的是，在经历了一场可怕的事故后，她才改变了她的态度。 ②We shall never know whether this happened by accident or by design. 我们永远也不会知道这件事是个意外还是事先安排的。 ③Tony had accidentally hit several plates and knocked them off the table. 托尼不小心撞到了几只盘子，把它们从桌子上撞了下来。 ►要点突破 ①accidental adj.意外的；偶然的 ②accident n.意外；偶然的事 by accident/by chance 偶然，意外地 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①You write an unkind message about someone, intending to send it to a friend, but accidentally(accident) send it to the person you’re talking about. ②It should not cause deadly traffic accidents(accident). ③But it doesn’t happen by accident. [完成句子] ④不知是偶然还是有意安排，其他人走后，竟然只剩下了他们两个人。 It happened—whether by accident or design—that the two of them were left alone after all the others had gone. 6 Expense n.费用,花费 That way, other people can laugh too, without being rude about laughing at someone else's expense. 这样，其他人也可以笑，而不会因为嘲笑别人而显得粗鲁。 ►情景探究 ①Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area. 现代跟踪北极熊数量的方法从20世纪80年代中期才开始使用，而且要在大面积范围内持续进行，成本很高。 ②Producing a movie involves hiring an advertising agency, video editors, actors and writers, so an advertising agency needs to think over the high expense of making TV advertising. 制作一部电影需要聘请广告公司、视频编辑、演员和作家，所以一家广告公司需要考虑制作电视广告的高额费用。 ►要点突破 ①at Sb.’s expense 由某人付钱 at the expense of 以……为代价 put Sb. to the expense of （doing） sth. 使某人花钱（做）某事；使某人负担费用（做）某事 ②expensive adj.昂贵的；花钱的 ③expensively adv.昂贵地；乱花钱地 fare/fee/tip/expense fare 车/船费，（交通工具）票价 fee （付给专业人员，如医生、律师等的）酬金；入场费；报名费；会费 tip 小费，赏钱 expense 支出，费用 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①And the most expensive(expense) number ever was “M1” which an anonymous(匿名的) buyer has acquired for ￡331,000. ②Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense(expensive) put into it are significant. [完成句子] ③他以自己的健康为代价逐步建立起这个企业。 He built up the business at the expense of his health. ④公司出钱请我们外出就餐。 We were taken out for a meal at the company’s expense. 7 amuse vt.使开心;逗笑 He has a reputation for constantly encountering awkward situations, which greatly amuses audiences of all nationalities and cultures. 他的著名之处在于他总是遇到尴尬的情境，使来自不同国家、不同文化背景的观众都觉得非常好笑。 ►情景探究 ①Not everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another. 不是每个人都以同样的方式经历愤怒；激怒一个人的东西可能会逗笑另一个人。 ②I had an interesting childhood. It was filled with surprises and amusements，all because of my mother—loving, sweet, yet absent-minded and forgetful. 我有一个有趣的童年。它充满了惊喜和乐趣，都是因为我母亲——她是充满爱的，可爱的，但心不在焉且健忘。 ③There’s no reason to be disappointed.As a matter of fact，this could be rather amusing. 你没有理由失望。事实上， 这可能会非常有趣。 ►要点突破 ①amuse Sb. by/with ...用……逗某人开心 amuse oneself 自娱自乐 ②amused adj.被逗笑的，愉快的 be amused at/by 被……逗乐，以……为乐 be amused to do ...觉得做……好笑 ③amusement n.消遣，娱乐；乐趣 ④amusing adj.逗人笑的；有乐趣的；好笑的 ⑤amusingly adv.有趣地；好笑地 (much) to one’s amusement 令某人感到（非常）好笑的是 Much to our amusement, Tom gave an amusing performance, which even made our teachers amused. 令我们感到非常有趣的是，汤姆做了一个有趣的表演，连我们的老师都被逗笑了。 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①Pets are amusing（amuse） and entertaining, but we are in a way doing animals harm by making them live in a human environment. ②We were all amused at his amusing stories. ③He was amused to see(see) how seriously she took the game. [完成句子] ④我相信汤姆能在房间里自娱自乐几天。 I’m sure Tom is able to amuse himself for a few days in his room. 8 rely on依赖；依靠；指望；相信 His humour is always made clear through a series of simple and funny acts that rely purely on body language that is universal. 憨豆先生的幽默总是通过一连串简单、可笑的动作清晰地表达出来，而这完全依靠肢体语言这一全世界都能理解的方式。 ►情景探究 ①No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. 没有人能说出哪种品牌（的跑鞋）最适合你或者在你的脚上最舒服，因此你得依靠自己的经验和购物时对每一双鞋的感觉。 ②She is a reliable girl. We get along well with each other all the time. 她是一个可靠的女孩。我们一直相处得很愉快。 ③Car buyers are more interested in safety and reliability than speed. 比起速度，汽车买主更关注安全性和可靠性。 ►要点突破 ①rely on Sb. to do sth. 依靠/信赖某人做某事(不定式作复合宾语) rely on Sb./Sb.’s doing sth.依靠/信赖某人做某事(动名词复合结构) rely on Sb. for sth.依靠某人提供某物 rely on it that ..相信/指望……(当rely on后接that从句作宾语时，必须先接it再接that从句，it是形式宾语) ②reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的 ③reliably adv.可靠地；确实地 ④reliability n.可靠性 rely on/depend on ①depend on也有“依赖，依靠”的意思，用法同rely on。不同的是depend on还有“取决于”之意。 ②rely on/depend on it+that从句 It depends on you. 由你决定。 It （all） depends. /That （all） depends. 看情况而定。 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①Not having found a better way，we had to rely on him to be(be) the interpreter. ②That young man is honest, cooperative, always there when you need his help. In short, he’s reliable(rely). ③You can’t always rely on others’ help for your homework. Do it by yourself this time，Lily. [完成句子] ④我们应依靠大家的共同努力来保护野生动物。 We should rely on the common efforts of everyone to protect wildlife. ⑤你可以放心，她可以自食其力。 You may rely on it that she can earn her living. 9 astonished adj.吃惊的,惊讶的 When he looks at the menu, an astonished look quickly appears on his face. 当他看着菜单时，一种惊讶的表情迅速出现在他的脸上。 ►情景探究 ①Lindsey's huSband was totally astonished by the unexpected visit. 林赛的丈夫对这次意料之外的拜访感到十分惊讶。 ②Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing actions are being taken. 在亚洲其他地方，人们正在采取更加惊人的行动。 ►要点突破 ①be astonished at/by sth.因某事而吃惊 be astonished to do sth.因做某事而吃惊 ②astonish v.使十分惊讶；使大为惊奇；使吃惊 ③astonishing adj.惊人的；令人惊讶的 ④astonishingly adv.令人惊讶地 ⑤astonishment n.惊讶；令人惊讶的事物 to one’s astonishment使某人惊讶的是 in astonishment惊讶地 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①But that’s how nature is—always leaving us astonished(astonish). ②Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing(astonish) ways. ③She stood up quickly, giving a little cry of astonishment(astonish). ④Astonishingly(astonish), a crowd of several thousands turned out to hear him. [完成句子] ⑤令我万分惊讶的是，她竟记得我的名字。 To my utter astonishment, she remembered my name. 10 talent n．天资，天赋，才能 As early as primary school, Rowan had already shown a talent for acting, but it was only later at university that he decided to become an actor. 早在小学时，罗温就表现出了表演天赋，但后来在大学里，他才决定当一名演员。 ►情景探究 ①For one thing, it can provide a colorful platform to show their talent. 一方面，它可以提供一个丰富多彩的平台来展示他们的才华。 ②Since 1997, this artistic sand festival has attracted talented amateurs and master sculptors alike to beautiful beaches of Port Aransas. 自1997年以来，这个艺术沙滩节吸引了才华横溢的业余爱好者和大师级雕塑家来到阿兰萨斯港美丽的海滩。 ►要点突破 ①have a talent for 在……方面有天赋 show a talent for ... 展现出……方面的天赋 ②talented adj.有才能的；多才的 be talented in/at ... 在……方面有才能 ③gift n.天赋，天才，才能 ④gifted adj.有天赋的，有才华的 be gifted with ...具有…… be gifted in/at ... 在……方面有才能 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years old. ②We will never know if we are interested or talented（talent） in a subject if we don’t try it. [完成句子] ③布赖恩在音乐方面有天赋；他非常有可能成为像贝多芬那样的人。 Brian has a talent for music; he is very likely to be a Beethoven. ④他在大约11岁的时候开始显示出商业天赋。 He started to display a talent for business when he was about 11. 11 rarely adv.很少,难得 John Lloyd, who worked as a producer for BBC Television, says that one rarely meets someone with such genius, and that when he worked with Atkinson he became convinced that Rowan would be more famous than Charlie Chaplin. 英国广播公司电视台的制片人约翰·劳埃德说，遇到这样的天才很难得，与罗温的合作使他相信罗温会比查理·卓别林更出名。 ►情景探究 ①Many rare animals are dying out. 许多稀有动物将要灭绝。 ②We rarely agree on what to do. 我们很少在要做的事情上看法一致。 ►要点突破 ①rarely if ever 几乎从不 rarely是具有否定意义的副词，置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。 ②rare adj.稀有的；半熟的；稀薄的 adv.非常；极其 It is rare for Sb. to do sth.某人很少做某事。 It is rare to do sth.做某事很少见。 ③rareness n.稀薄；稀罕；珍奇 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①Rarely（rare） has a debate attracted so much media attention. ②It is rare to find（find） a prominent politician with few political enemies. [一句多译] ③愤怒很少被看作是一种有益的性格特征。通常建议减少愤怒。 →Rarely is anger looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and it is usually advised to reduce anger. →Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and it is usually advised to reduce anger. 12 obtain vt.获得,得到 At Oxford, he obtained his master’s degree in electrical engineering. 在牛津大学，他获得了电气工程硕士学位。 ►情景探究 ①The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing more patients to be treated. 该医院最近获得了新的医疗设备，从而使更多的病人能够得到治疗。 ②Scientists have obtained more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body. 科学家们获得了更多的证据，证明塑料正在进入人体。 ►要点突破 ①obtain ... from ...从……获得…… obtain ... through ...通过(某种方式或手段)获得…… obtain one’s permission 得到某人许可 get/obtain an admission to/into 获准进入/ 加入 ②obtainable adj.能得到的 ③obtainment n.获得 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①I always had a great ambition to win the Champions League, because it isn’t obtainable（obtain） for every player. [完成句子] ②从我的经验来看，我希望你能获得音乐所提供的力量，从而实现自己的梦想。 From my experience, I hope that you can obtain the power which music offers to achieve your own dreams. ③接下来的几个月很艰难。 我只能得到一份临时的工作，薪水很低。 The following months were hard. I can only obtain temporary employment, for a small salary. 13 convinced adj.确信的,信服的 John Lloyd, who worked as a producer for BBC Television, says that one rarely meets someone with such genius, and that when he worked with Atkinson he became convinced that Rowan would be more famous than Charlie Chaplin. 英国广播公司电视台的制片人约翰·劳埃德说，遇到这样的天才很难得，与罗温的合作使他相信罗温会比查理·卓别林更出名。 ►情景探究 ①The idea of a camera that stays on as long as your phone does seems deeply unsettling, even in an age where people are convinced that smartphones are already overheard on our conversations. 即使在一个人们相信智能手机已经可以监听我们的谈话的时代，只要你的手机一直开着，相机就能一直开着这样的想法似乎也令人深感不安。 ②I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. 我试着让自己相信麻烦在于问题本身，而不是我。 ►要点突破 ①be convinced of/that ...坚信/确信…… be/feel firmly convinced that ...确信……；笃信……；坚信…… ②convince vt.使信服；使相信 convince Sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 convince Sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 convince Sb. that ...使某人相信…… ③convincing adj.令人信服的；有说服力的 “v.＋Sb.＋of sth.”的短语 ①inform Sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事 ②rob Sb. of sth. 抢某人某物 ③warn Sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 ④remind Sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事 ⑤cure Sb. of sth. 治愈/改正某人某事 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①Scientists are convinced of the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health. ②Then, there are the crafts and fashions that try to convince you during a trip to bring(bring) them back. [完成句子] ③一位名叫埃利斯·切斯布罗的工程师说服了市政府，他们别无选择，只能把管道建在地面上，然后用泥土覆盖。 An engineer named Ellis CheSbrough convinced the city government that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt. 14 busy oneself/in doing sth. 忙于做某事 When the waiters are not looking, however, he busies himself hiding the raw meat anywhere he can reach—the sugar bowl, the tiny flower vase, inside a bread roll and under a plate. 然而，当服务员没有注意的时候，他却忙着把生肉藏到任何地方——糖碗、小花瓶、小面包卷里和盘子下面。 ►情景探究 ①With such busy lives,it can be hard to find time to work out. 在如此忙碌的生活中，很难找到时间去锻炼。 ②Life is what happens to us while we are busy making other plans. 当我们正在为生活疲于奔波时，生活已离我们远去。 ►要点突破 ①be busy (in) doing/with sth.忙于做某事 ②occupy/engage oneself (in) doing/with sth.=be occupied/engaged (in) doing/with sth.忙于做某事 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①Mary is busy drafting（draft） her speech for the conference. [完成句子] ②因而你可以看到，我现在太忙于生活，决不会考虑放弃！ So you can see，I’m far too busy with living to think of giving up! ③我总是为全家人做饭，但最近太忙了，以至于没能给全家人做饭。 I do all the cooking for my family,but recently I’ve been too busy to do it. 15 on the contrary 相反 On the contrary, he is nothing like Mr Bean. 正相反，他一点也不像憨豆先生。 ►情景探究 ①He seems to be giving the impression that he didn’t enjoy himself in Paris. On the contrary, he had a wonderful time. 他好像给人一种他在巴黎玩得不愉快的印象。恰恰相反,他玩得非常愉快。 ②Contrary to popular belief, moderate exercise actually decreases your appetite. 与大部分人的想法相反，适度的运动实际上会降低食欲。 ③I will expect to see you on Sunday unless I hear anything to the contrary. 我星期天等你，除非你说不来了。 ►要点突破 ①on the contrary 与此相反，恰恰相反（作状语） ②to the contrary 相反的；相反地(相当于形容词或副词，起形容词作用时，作后置定语) ③be contrary to与……相反 ④contrary to与……相反(形容词短语，可用作表语、状语或定语) on the contrary/on the other hand on the contrary 用来表示相反的情况 on the other hand 用来说明事物的另一方面 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①Unless there is evidence to the contrary，we ought to believe them. ②Contrary to the popular belief，the film turned out to be a failure. [完成句子] ③许多原因证明这种观点与批判性社会研究的目的截然相反。 This view is contrary to the aims of critical social research for a number of reasons. 16 believe in相信，信任 His father was very strict and did not believe in the value of television. 他的父亲非常严厉，不相信电视的价值。 ►情景探究 ①We believe in him, who is always true to his word. 我们信任他,他说话总是算数的。 ②My sister believes that eating carefully is helpful to control her weight. 我姐姐认为注意饮食有助于控制体重。 ③Believe it or not, I even learned Chinese cooking, and I'm good at making Sichuan spicy hotpot! 信不信由你，我甚至学过中国菜，而且我还擅长做四川麻辣火锅! ►要点突破 ①believe in sth./doing sth. 认为……有益 ②believe it or not 信不信由你 ③make believe 想象;假装 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①Chinese citizens enjoy the freedom to believe in religion. ②Jane believes in going(go) for a walk every evening. [完成句子] ③汤姆装作很喜欢下国际象棋的样子。 Tom made believe he was fond of playing chess. ④如果你能在生活中找到一项值得为之奋斗的任务，并相信自己，那么没有什么能阻止你。 If you can find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself, nothing can stop you. 1 as if引导方式状语从句 After a moment, he looks back at the envelope but this time he looks surprised, as if he did not know it was there. 过了一会儿，他再看那信封，露出惊讶的表情，好像完全不知道它在那里。 ►情景探究 ①He looked as if he was about to burst into tears. 他看上去好像要哭出来了。 ②He is talking with me as if he were familiar with me. 他正在和我交谈，好像和我很熟悉一样。 ③They talked as if they had been friends for years. 他们交谈的样子仿佛是多年的朋友。 ④—Don’t say anything. ——什么也别说。 —As if I would! ——我才不会说呢！ ►要点突破 ①as if=as though意为“似乎，好像”，引导表语从句或方式状语从句。 ②as if 引导的从句有时可用省略形式。结构：as if+分词/不定式/形容词/介词短语等。 ③as if 引导的从句常用虚拟语气表示所述的情况与事实不符，其谓语动词要用相应的形式。 与现在事实不符 过去式（be动词用 were） 与过去事实不符 had+过去分词 与将来事实不符 would/could/might+动词原形 ④even if/though引导让步状语从句，如果主句用一般将来时，则从句用一般现在时表将来。 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①I felt that it would be a victory for us even if/though we lost the game. ②She stood at the door as if waiting(wait) for someone. ③More generally， the Internet functions as if it were(be) my memory. ④It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I had done(do) it? [完成句子] ⑤除去食物中的脂肪和盐，食物尝起来好像少了什么。 When fat and salt are removed from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. ⑥别把这个花瓶当作是钢制的。 Don’t handle the vase as if it were made of steel. ⑦她后退了几步，看上去有些吃惊，并举起了双手，好像是在自我防卫。 She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence. 2 This/That/It is why ... This may be why some of his characters have unusual ways of speaking. 这也是他所塑造的一些角色讲话方式与众不同的原因。 ►情景探究 That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. 这就是鱼喜欢浅水而不喜欢深水的原因，因为浅水比较温暖。 ►要点突破 ①This/That/It is why ... 这/那就是……的原因。 ②This/That/It is because ... 这/那就是因为…… ③The reason why ...is that ...……的原因是…… ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①Not everyone acts the same in response to events，and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another. ②The reason why the author offered a lift to the elderly man was that she wanted to repay the favour she once got. ③I must have told it well, but I think there was another and deeper reason that/which made them so keen. [完成句子] ④他们接着解释了这个计划失败的原因。 They，in their turn，accounted for the reason why the plan was a failure. ⑤这可能是恼人的——这就是为什么有些人感到恶心。 That can be annoying—that’s why some people feel sick. [对应学生用书P47] 1.There’s tension(紧张) and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. 2.We should choose our favorite sports to relax our muscles(肌肉) and reduce the anxiety and burden of our study. 3.Today, in Australia, most children on average fall 2,000 steps short of the physical（身体的）activity they need to avoid being overweight. 4.It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood(情绪). 5.Our immune(有免疫力的) systems are killing billions of germs right now. 6.As Christmas was coming, girls were seen huddling(聚集) in the classroom and cheerfully whispering(悄声说) about what gifts to give to their friends. 7.Originally opened as Proctor’s Fourth Street Theatre in 1914, it hosted famous comedians(喜剧演员) such as Jack Benny and Bob Hope. 8.When you are asked your nationality(国籍), you should say, “I’m Chinese.” 9.A real friend shouldn’t damage your reputation(名誉) by joining in wicked gossip. 10.That’s probably because William Goldman was also one of Hollywood’s greatest screenwriters（影视剧本作家）. 1.He was a very nice man and was greatly amused(amuse) by the whole thing. 2.Our software needed to be very reliable(rely) and able to detect an error and recover from it at any time during the mission. 3.To obtain(obtain) the degree, she will need to pass all of the examinations. 4.I’m interested in this position very much, which will give an opportunity to show my talents(talent). 5.The more powerful culture rarely(rare) respects the language and culture of smaller groups. 6.A rule which was universally(universal) accepted could only have an obviously beneficial effect on the accident rate. 1.她的教学方法和我初中的老师一点也不像。 Her method of teaching is nothing like those of the teachers at my Junior High School. 2.尽管历史跌宕起伏，中国因其古代文明一直延续至今而闻名于世。 Despite the ups and downs of its history, China is famous for its ancient civilization that has continued to this day. 3.有些医生认为吸烟与肺癌有关联。 Some doctors think there is a relation between smoking and lung cancer. 4.他爸爸的行为对他的人生影响很大。 His father’s action had a great influence on his life. 5.你如果努力学习，很有可能考入理想的大学。 If you study hard, you are likely to be admitted to your dreaming university. 6.事实是他没说谎。 The truth is that he didn’t tell a lie. Mr bean, an internationally recognized comedy character, was acted by an English actor, Rowan Atkinson, who is mostly famous 1.for his TV shows in Britain and is also 2.internationally(international) well-known for Mr bean. Mr bean seemed always in awkward situations, 3.where he made varieties of funny acts to amuse audiences from all over the world and different 4.cultures(culture). When Rowan Atkinson was 13,he 5.was awarded(award) a scholarship to a boarding school.He did well in his subjects at Newcastle University. Later at Oxford he obtained his master degree 6.in electrical engineering. So he loves fast cars all his life. But he was also 7.talented(talent) in acting. His father disagreed that he became an actor. It was until he was at university that his dream came 8.true(truth). He was such an urgency in comedy 9.that John Lloyd, a producer for BBC TV, was convinced that Rowan would be a 10.more famous(famous) comedian than Charlie Chaplin. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$