Unit 2 语法同步练习-2023-2024学年中职英语高教版2021基础模块3（2023修订版）

Unit 2 Community Life 同步练习 基础巩固 定语从句基础知识 一、概念 定语：用来修饰名词、代词的词或短语。形容词 Eg: She is a beautiful girl.代词 We love our country. 定语从句：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的句子。句子修饰she Eg: She who is singing is my daughter. She has a puppy that is very lovely.句子修饰puppy 二、结构 三要素： 先行词、关系词、定语从句 Eg: Mary is a girl (who has black hair).定语从句 关系词 先行词 注意：1.先行词：定语从句修饰的名词或代词（行走在定语从句前面） 2.关系词：连接主句和从句的词（紧跟先行词） 3.关系代词代替先行词，在定语从句中充当成分 三、关系代词 1. Who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。 Eg: Jack who lives in Room 302 is my teacher. 2. Whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语, 可省略。 Eg: The boy (whom) I wrote to is my cousin. 3. Which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。 Eg: There is a supermarket which is only 8 minutes’ walk away. 4. that指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语, 作宾语可省略。 Eg: You will find a neighborhood that suits your lifestyle. 5. Whose指人或物，在定语从句中作定语，不可省略。 Eg: This is a little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake. 四、只能用that的情况 1. 先行词被序数词和最高级修饰。 Eg: 我将永远不会忘记我买的第一所房子。 I will never forget the first house that I bought. Eg: 这是我住过最好的社区。 This is the best community hat I have ever lived in. 2. 先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰。 Eg: 这就是我想预订的最后一间酒店。 This is the last hotel that I want to book. 3. 先行词中既有人又有物。 Eg: 他们谈论记忆中邻里间的人和事。 They talked about things and persons that they remembered in the neighborhood. 4. 先行词为不定代词，如all, everything, nothing, something, anything, much, little, few, none, the one等。 Eg: 我能为你做点什么吗？ Is there anything that I can do for you? 5. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, few, little, much修饰。 Eg: 我去过所有拥有游泳池的健身中心。 I have visited all the fitness centers that have swimming pools. 五、只能用which的情况 1. 非限制性定语从句中，先行词指代物。 Eg: 我们上个月买的房子非常不错。 The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. 2. 先行词指代物且和介词连用。 Eg: 这是鲁迅曾经居住过的房子。 This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. 能力进阶 一、在括号内填入恰当的关系代词 1. He _________ does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 2. I like music ________ I can dance too. 3. Mr. Lang is a great Chinese pianist _________ has become popular with many people around the world. 4. I prefer movies ________ give me something to think about. 5. We should value the friendship _______ we have developed in the past years. 6. Students love the teachers _______ are outgoing and humorous. 7. Who do you think is the girl ________ did the best in the 2021 Beijing Winter Olympics. 8. Flower-drum dancing is a traditional folk art in China _______ has become popular in many schools. 9. Beijing is now the first city ________ has hosted both the Summer and Winter Olympics Games. 10. We are talking about the people and things _______ we saw last week. 11. Do you still remember the place _______ we visited last month? 12. I like the singers _______ can sing the words clearly. 13. We all miss Dr Wu Mengchao _________ saved thousands of lives in his medical work. 14. Zhang Guimei, Role Model of the Times, is a headmaster ________ changed many girls in poor countryside families. 15. He says playing chess is an activity ________ needs much patience, but I am not patient. 二、选择正确的答案 1. Yesterday Li Ming went to the village ________ he visited five years ago. A. where B. who C. that D. whom 2. The house in ______ I grew up has been taken down and replaced by an office building. A. where B. which C. that D. who 3. Please send us all the information _______ you have about the candidate for the position. A. that B. which C. who D. what 4. The young man had decided to give up the chance of studying abroad, ______ surprised his parents a lot. A. when B. where C. which D. that 5. Before leaving the village, he visited the old house _______ he spent his childhood. A. in which B. which C. to which D. at which 6. The people _______ in the paper did not like it, but other readers liked it very much. A. who was written B. who were written C. who were written about D. whom were written about 7. Finally, the thief handed everything _______ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. what C. whatever D. that 8. The college students asked the soldier everything _______ he saw at the front. A. that B. which C. what D. all what 9. Last year we visited the Summer Palace, _______ is one of the most beautiful places in Beijing. A. where B. which C. in which D. that 10. Shanghai is the very place ________ the foreigners are eager to visit. A. where B. in which C. that D. whose 11. The old temple _______ roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair. A. where B. which C. its D. whose 12. We are talking about the piano and the pianist _______ were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that 13. The food _______ at the moment is for the dinner party. A. cooked B. to be cooked C. is being cooked D. being cooked 14. You can hardly imagine the difficulty the woman had _______ her children. A. brought up B. to bring up C. bringing up D. to have brought up 15. --- Where should I send my form? --- The Personal Office is the place _______. A. for sending it B. to sent it to C. to send D. to send it 答案 一、在括号内填入恰当的关系代词 1. who 解析：先行词是he，在从句中做主语，用who。 2. that 解析：先行词是music 音乐，指的是物，在从句中做主语或宾语，所以用that。 3. who/that 解析：先行词是a pianist，既可以用who，也可以用that。 4. which/that 解析：先行词是movies， 可以用which或者that。 5. that 解析：先行词是friendship，指物，在从句中充当宾语。 6. who 解析：先行词是teachers,指人，在从句中做主语 7. that 解析：先行词是the girl，指人，可以用that或者who。但是主句以who开头的特殊疑问句。只能用that。 8. which/that 解析：先行词是art，指物，可用which或者that 9. that 解析：先行词是city, 但是被序数词the first修饰。当先行词被序数词和最高级修饰时，只能用that. 10. that 解析：先行词是the people and things，既有人也有物，只能用that  11. which/that 解析：先行词the place指物，所以用which或者that。 12. who 解析：先行词是singers，指人，在从句中做主语，所以用who 13. who 解析:先行词是Dr Wu Mengchao，指人，在从句中作主语，用who 14. who 解析: 先行词headmaster指人，在从句中作主语，用who 15. which/that 解析: 先行词是activity，指物，在从句中作主语，用which或者that。 二、选择正确的答案 1. C 解析:考查定语从句。句意:昨天李明去了他五年前参观的那个村庄。先行词是village，指物，从句中缺少宾语，应该使用关系代词which或 that 作宾语。where为关系副词，在句中作状语，故排除;who、whom 指代人，故排除，故选 C。 2. D 解析:考查定语从句。句意:我长大的那所房子已经被拆除，取而代之的是一座办公楼。本句中先行词为the house，从句中不缺主干成分，但 是缺少地点状语，所以使用where或者介词+which充当地点状语并引导从句， 故选D。 3. A 解析:考查定语从句。句意:请将您所知道的有关该职位候选人的所有信息发送给我们。先行词是information，指物，关系词在从句中作及物动词 have 的宾语，且先行词用不定代词all 修饰，关系词只能用that，故选A。 4. C 解析:考查定语从句。句意:那个年轻人已经决定放弃出国留学的机会，这使他的父母非常地惊讶。分析句子结构，逗号前后句中都有谓语动词且无并列连词，可知逗号前为主句，逗号后为从句。结合句意可知，该从句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为空格前的整个句子，因此只能用关系词which. 5. A 解析:考查定语从句。句意:在离开村庄之前，他参观了他度过童年的老房子。分析句子结构，__he spent his childhood为定语从句，修饰先行词the old house，从句缺少spent的地点状语，在老房子里，用介词in。故选A。 6. C 解析: 考查定语从句。句意:报纸中提及到的人并不喜欢它，但其他读者非常喜欢。分析句子成分可知，从句中缺少主语，应该用who/that指代people,且从句中谓语动词应该为复数形式;write about 意为“写有关于……的东西”，故选C。 7. D 解析:考查定语从句。句意:最终，小偷将偷盗的所有物品都交给了警察。分析句子可知，先行词为everything指物，从句中缺少宾语，引导词应该用关系代词which/that或省略，但因先行词everything是不定代词，只能用 that，故选D。 8. A 解析:考查定语从句。句意:大学生询问了士兵所有他在前线时看到的事情。分析句子成分可知，先行词为everything指物，从句中缺少宾语，引导词应用关系代词which/that 或省略，但先行词everything是不定代词，只能用 that，故选A。 9. B 解析:考查定语从句。句意:去年，我们参观了颐和园，它是北京最漂亮的地方之一。分析句子成分可知，先行词the Summer Palace 指物，n从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which/that引导，但该句为非限定性定语从句不能用 that，故选B. 10. C 解析:考查定语从句。句意:上海是外国人非常想要去参观的地方。分析句子成分可知，先行词place指代物，在从句中作宾语，应选择which/that,但先行词前有the very,只能用关系代词that引导 11. D 解解析:考查定语从句。句意:那座屋顶在暴风雨中受损的古庙现在正在修缮中。先行词指物，从句缺少的是名词roof的定语，故选D。 12. D 解析:考查定语从句。句意:我们说的是昨晚参加音乐会的钢琴和钢琴家。本题的先行词是the piano and the pianist，既有人又有物，定语从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词that，故选D。 13. D 解析：根据句意可知该动作正在进行，所以用being done形式。 14. C 解析：本题考查have difficulty (in) doing sth这一结构。本句中the woman had为定语从句，修饰difficulty. 15. B 解析：本题考查不定式作定语。根据send的用法，send sth to some place 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$