精品解析：河南省鹤壁市淇滨区鹤壁市高中2023-2024学年高三下学期7月月考英语试题

2025学年鹤壁市高中高三(上)第一次综合检测 英语试题 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。 2.每道选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Track Your Package You can find tracking information in your order details. If an order includes multiple items, each may have separate delivery dates and tracking information. How to track your package 1. Go to Your Orders. 2. Find the order you want to track. 3. Select Track Package next to your order. 4. View all updates to track delivery progress. If there are many items in your order, each may have separate delivery dates and tracking information. Find solutions to common delivery problems ●Your order hasn't shipped yet Check the estimated delivery date by selecting Track Package in Your Orders. If you're expecting the package today and don't see a status update, that's normal. Depending on the carrier, items may ship the same day they're delivered. If you're not expecting the package today, please wait for the tracking information to be updated. ●Tracking information does not update The carrier may have more detailed information about your package. To track your package on the carrier website or contact them, go to Carrier Contact Information. If tracking information is not available, go to Missing Tracking Information. ●Your order is delayed If the expected delivery date has passed, keep in mind that weather, traffic, and more can cause delivery delays. Most late packages will arrive within 24 to 48 hours of the expected delivery date. If the order has already been shipped, you can't cancel it. Check our recommended actions for Late Deliveries. ●Tracking shows order was delivered but you haven't received it Follow our recommended steps to Find a Package That Shows as Delivered. 1. Where can you find the tracking information of your package? A. Your Orders. B. Late Deliveries. C Missing Tracking Information. D. Find a Package That Shows as Delivered. 2. What should you do if your package doesn't arrive as expected? A. Cancel the order. B. Wait for a day or two. C. Check the weather forecast. D. Figure out the cause of delay. 3. In which section of a shopping website will you find this text? A Get to Know Us. B. Payment Products. C Let Us Help You. D. Make Money with Us. B There’s an old African proverb that states, “When you leave your shoes at the doorstep, you leave your troubles behind.” A group of environmental chemists who study what kinds of contaminants people are exposed to in their own homes claim: wearing your outside shoes inside won’t just mess up your carpet; it is, in fact, scientifically wrong. Shoes worn outside can be media for all kinds of dirt and microbes. According to the experts, about one-third of the matter building up inside your home comes from outside, much of it being tracked in on the soles of our shoes. But not all dirt is bad dirt. Some household germs can actually be useful in helping build up a child’s immune system, for example. But the real issue is that some of the disease-causing organisms found on our shoes and floors are drug-resistant, causing illnesses that are difficult to treat. “Cancer-causing toxins can be found on these shoes,” scientists say, “so it is best to leave your filth outside the door.” Every day we carry much dirt with us on the soles of our shoes-mud. For many households, the pandemic has greatly reduced the number of places we go to. But even at that, all it takes is one walk down the street or a few minutes at the park to make you bring something nasty back home. It’s important to note that not wearing shoes inside is more than just a hygiene thing. In many cultures around the world, leaving your shoes at the door is a sign of respect, a nod to superstition and it may even be in service of good health. Reflexologists (反射治疗师) say that walking around barefoot can help boost your circulation, improve your sleep quality and stimulate the reflexes on the soles of your feet, reducing inflammation, pain and tension. 4. What can we learn about dirt? A. All the dirt in the house comes from dirty shoes. B. The dirt can help build up a child’s immune system. C. The dirt brought back by shoes is very harmful to adults. D. About a third of the dirt produced in the home comes from the outside. 5. What’s the author’s attitude towards leaving shoes at the doorstep? A. Supportive B. Critical C. Indifferent D. Neutral 6. There are many benefits of not wearing shoes indoors except ________. A. showing respect B. stimulating reflection C. avoiding messing up carpet D. reducing the amount of dirt 7. What’s the best title of the text? A. Walking barefoot or not B. Getting rid of your home dirt C. Learning from African proverbs D. Leaving shoes at the doorstep for health reasons C Sperm whales (抹香鲸) have the biggest brains of any animal on the planet at up to twenty pounds, as much as six times the size of an average human brain. They live in groups of about ten and sometimes meet up with hundreds or thousands of other whales. Sperm whales can grow up to eighteen meters long and dive to nearly 1, 000 meters to hunt for food. They sleep upright and in groups. Like many whales and dolphins, sperm whales are highly social animals and communicate underwater by strings of rapid clicks, which are also used to help them locate and track their food. In a study published in the journal Nature Communications, researchers analyzed more than 8. 700 pieces of sperm whale clicks that they believe make up a “phonetic alphabet (音标)”, which the whales can use to build the very rough equivalent (对应的事物) of what people think of as words and phrases. They say they have found four basic components that they think make up this phonetic alphabet. Pratyusha Sharma, the paper’s lead researcher, says this alphabet could then be used by the whales in an unlimited number of combinations. To get enough records of the sperm whale clicks in Dominica, where there is a residential population of about 200 sperm whales, scientists created a huge underwater recording studio with microphones at different depths. Devices on the whales recorded what position they were in when clicking-for example, diving, sleeping, breathing at the surface-and if there were any other whales nearby they might be communicating with. Jeremy Goldbogen, an associate professor of oceans at Stanford University, who was not involved in the study, said that if we were one day able to understand what sperm whales were saying, that knowledge should be used for conservation purposes, like minimizing their risk of being hit by ships or reducing ocean noise levels David Gruber, founder and president of the Cetacean Translation Initiative, says millions and possibly billions of whale clicks would be needed to collect enough data to try to work out what the whales are saying, but he expects AI to help speed the analysis. 8. What do we know about sperm whales? A. They often travel alone. B. They can sleep on their backs. C. They can be up to 18 meters long. D. They have smaller brains than humans. 9. What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A. Language learning takes a lot of practice B. Sperm whales give off clicks to track each other C. The experimental results are inconsistent with the expectation D. Sperm whales and humans may communicate in a similar way. 10. Which statement will Jeremy Goldbogen probably agree with? A. The study is very meaningful. B. The ocean noise level is rather low. C. It is risky to hunt sperm whales. D. It is easy to protect sperm whales 11. What does David Gruber suggest? A. Limiting the use of AI. B. Recording the number of whales. C. Collecting more whale clicks. D. Recovering the whale populations D In the Roman times and throughout the Middle Ages, salt was a valuable commodity (商品), and also served as “white gold”. Soldiers in the Roman army were sometimes paid with salt instead of money. Their monthly allowance was called “salarium” (“sal” being the Latin word for salt). This Latin root can be recognized in the French word “salaire” and it eventually made it into English as the word “salary”. Language is something we take for granted. However, as the example with the word “salary” shows, languages are not static. Like biological species, languages change over time, and sometimes develop to give rise to several descendant (后代) languages. For example, French, Italian, and Spanish are among the languages that have evolved from Latin. And like species, languages can go extinct, too. Given all these similarities, linguists (语言学家) who study the evolution of languages often use tools that are similar to those used by evolutionary biologists. One such tool is the reconstruction of a species tree. Such a tree shows the evolutionary history and relationships within a given group of biological species. Using a reconstructed species tree, evolutionary biologists can often infer specific characteristics of ancestral species. Or they can match up common ancestors in the tree with actual fossils that have been found by paleontologists (古生物学家). This allows them to put real dates at various branching points in the tree. Thus, species tree reconstruction is an essential tool in studying biological evolution. A similar technique can be used to study language evolution because languages also evolve and consist of words that can be easily compared. Indeed, linguists have reconstructed entire language trees. And as with species trees, characteristics of ancient ancestral languages can be derived (衍生) from them. Of course, there also are some differences between species evolution and language evolution, each requiring unique additional methods to study them in detail. But, overall, it is fascinating to see how the basic ideas and research tools of language evolution are similar to those of biological evolution. 12. Why does the author mention the word “salary” in paragraph 1? A. To illustrate the evolution of language. B. To present the effect of Latin on languages. C. To stress the value of salt in ancient times. D. To show developments in linguistic theory. 13. What can we infer from paragraph 2? A. Cultural diversity and biodiversity are linked. B. Species and languages have a lot in common. C. Human-caused mass extinction is accelerating. D. Languages influence and learn from each other. 14. What can we know about the reconstructed species tree? A. It is currently in the design stage. B. It facilitates the research of linguists. C. It can be used in a variety of ways. D. It is the first choice for biologists. 15. What can be the best title for the text? A. The Language System Evolved Over Time B. The Twin Extinctions of Species and Languages C. Salt Played a Crucial Role in Early Human History D. From Salt to Salary: Linguists Take a Page from Biology 第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways To Increase The Quality of Your Life It is time to do something to increase the quality of your life. Nothing can beat living an active, purposeful, successful life filled with happiness and fulfillment. ____16____ Treat yourself. It doesn’t matter if it’s a meal out or a visit to a theater. Make the first thing you do a treat that you have been longing for some time. ____17____ Treats can be free, and you can always make time. Take up a hobby. When you lead a boring life, it is great to have something to think about that takes you into another world. ____18____ If you love to read, devote time to just sitting with a book and losing yourself in an imaginary world. The whole point of a hobby is that it is something for you, so it doesn’t matter what it is as long as you enjoy it. ____19____ Often we lose sight of the positive, beneficial things in our lives. Everyone has things to be grateful for and making a list helps to concentrate your mind on these positives. Allow yourself a few minutes to think about your life and identify the good things. Exercise. ____20____ Go running, or get down to the gym. Sweat out the negatives and get fit for the future. Follow the advice above and you will surely increase the quality of your life. A. Create a gratitude list. B. Doing morning exercise makes you fresh. C. Make the most of the years you have on Earth. D. Don’t make excuses about not having time or money. E. Taking exercise is an excellent way of boosting your mood. F. Hobbies are brilliant for giving you something different to do. G. Read our list of things to do now to make your life better and more enjoyable. 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Juleus Ghunta is a published author and award-winning poet. But when growing up, he could ____21____ read. Ghunta lived in a rural part of Western Jamaica. He was kept at home while his older sisters ____22____ school. When Ghunta finally went to school, he couldn’t ____23____ his reading skills. The situation was made worse by a series of teachers who made him feel ____24____. “I struggled in school with a deep sense of loss and shame.” he recalled. Fortunately, at age 12, a young teacher-in-training decided to start a special reading program for ____25____ students. Ghunta was the first student to ____26____. That teacher, whose ____27____he does not recall, would become Ghunta’s unsung hero—the person who ____28____ his life. Under her ____29____, Ghunta’s reading skills finally started to improve. And his sense of self-doubt began to _____30_____. He graduated from elementary school with a number of _____31_____ awards. He went on to college, and later, graduate school. Today, he is the author of two children’s books. He’s now _____32_____ his first full-length collection of poetry. In 2010, Ghunta went back to his old school, to ask the principal and teachers if they knew his old teacher’s name. But no one did. “I would love for her to see the _____33_____ impact that she has made on my life, and the ways in which I have carried this _____34_____ of her —the hope, the light, with me—and how it continues to be a source of _____35_____.” 21. A. regularly B. barely C. actually D. probably 22. A. examined B. confirmed C. attended D. attempted 23. A. catch up on B. end up in C. stand up with D. look up to 24. A. independent B. proud C. delighted D. worthless 25. A. outstanding B. amazing C. struggling D. interesting 26 A. calm down B. sign up C. give in D. break out 27. A. name B. attitude C. responsibility D. theory 28. A. predicted B. discovered C. ruined D. changed 29. A. protection B. guidance C. employment D. control 30. A. lift B. expand C. emerge D. disturb 31. A. scientific B. design C. academic D. creative 32. A. working on B. taking in C. paying back D. turning down 33. A. negative B. financial C. instant D. significant 34. A. promise B. issue C. memory D. observation 35. A. stability B. leisure C. harmony D. joy 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The more water people splash on you, the ___36___ (lucky) your life will be. That’s the positive message from the water sprinkling festival in Xishuangbanna, in Southwest China’s Yunnan province. The festival is one of the most important festivals for the Dai people —an ethnic group mostly ___37___ (live) in Xishuangbanna Dai, who recognize the festival ___38___ the new year and organize activities like splashing water and dragon boat races. “Water” is ___39___ unique way of sending blessings to the Dai people on New Year’s Day. The more you ___40___ (soak), the more blessings you get. This is ___41___ people express their feelings and wishes for the future. A visitor from the United States said two elderly women ___42___ (dress) in Dai ethnic clothes splashed water on him and he splashed back. Laughter and water twisted to make them feel like they were best friends, as if they ___43___(meet) before. Xishuangbanna is home to 12 ethnic ___44___ (minority) and boasts a border extending over 966. 3 kilometers. Neighboring countries such as Cambodia, Thailand, Myanmar, and Laos also celebrate the festival, taking place in the mid-sixth month of the Dai calendar, ____45____ (rough) ten days before or after China’s Qingming Festival. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack送了一张画展的门票作为你的生日礼物。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1.表示感谢; 2.观看画展的感受， 3.回赠礼物。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jack, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 This is a story about an act of kindness that I did, which in turn changed my life in a way. I used to teach in a university with a master’s degree. In my country, it was better to have a PhD for career advancement, and my qualifications needed to be improved. So I telephoned Professor Smith for help. I had heard that he was a good doctoral supervisor in the university, but I hadn’t met him. I tried to call him once, but to my disappointment, he said he was a little busy at that time and that he would contact me later. One day, I was driving home from the university when I saw an accident at the side of the road. The two cars collided (碰撞), but fortunately the drivers were not injured. They argued with each other about the accident and became annoyed. Then I stopped my car to see if they might need my help. “Calm down, gentlemen. What’s the matter?” I approached them and said. “It’s just a minor scratch (划痕). There were some disagreements when we tried to work things out privately. I think he is asking for a little too much,” one driver said to me. I learned that he didn’t have enough money on hand to pay for the damage. Understanding the situation, I offered to help. I paid the amount needed to settle the matter. A troublesome matter turned into a peaceful resolution with my involvement. When the driver offered to exchange our business cards, I agreed. “It was so kind of you to reach out. I’ll repay your money tomorrow,” he said. “Forget it. It’s just a small thing,” I responded. Finally, we said goodbye to each other. However, I didn’t expect my kind behavior would really bring me good luck. When I went back home, I happened to see the driver’s business card. I was surprised to find that the driver I had helped was Professor Smith who I wanted to turn to for help. I confidently decided to call him again the next day to make an appointment. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Unexpectedly, early the next morning, my phone rang. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That afternoon, I met Professor Smith in his office. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025学年鹤壁市高中高三(上)第一次综合检测 英语试题 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。 2.每道选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Track Your Package You can find tracking information in your order details. If an order includes multiple items, each may have separate delivery dates and tracking information. How to track your package 1. Go to Your Orders. 2. Find the order you want to track. 3. Select Track Package next to your order. 4. View all updates to track delivery progress. If there are many items in your order, each may have separate delivery dates and tracking information. Find solutions to common delivery problems ●Your order hasn't shipped yet Check the estimated delivery date by selecting Track Package in Your Orders. If you're expecting the package today and don't see a status update, that's normal. Depending on the carrier, items may ship the same day they're delivered. If you're not expecting the package today, please wait for the tracking information to be updated. ●Tracking information does not update The carrier may have more detailed information about your package. To track your package on the carrier website or contact them, go to Carrier Contact Information. If tracking information is not available, go to Missing Tracking Information. ●Your order is delayed If the expected delivery date has passed, keep in mind that weather, traffic, and more can cause delivery delays. Most late packages will arrive within 24 to 48 hours of the expected delivery date. If the order has already been shipped, you can't cancel it. Check our recommended actions for Late Deliveries. ●Tracking shows order was delivered but you haven't received it Follow our recommended steps to Find a Package That Shows as Delivered. 1. Where can you find the tracking information of your package? A. Your Orders. B. Late Deliveries. C. Missing Tracking Information. D. Find a Package That Shows as Delivered. 2. What should you do if your package doesn't arrive as expected? A. Cancel the order. B. Wait for a day or two. C. Check the weather forecast. D. Figure out the cause of delay. 3. In which section of a shopping website will you find this text? A. Get to Know Us. B. Payment Products. C. Let Us Help You. D. Make Money with Us. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，旨在指导读者如何追踪他们的包裹。文章提供了详细的步骤和解决方案，以帮助用户处理常见的配送问题，如订单尚未发货、追踪信息没有更新、订单延迟以及显示已送达但未收到包裹等情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第一段“You can find tracking information in your order details. (您可以在订单详情中查找跟踪信息。)”以及后续步骤的第一步“1. Go to Your Orders. (转到您的订单。)”可知，您可以在“Your Orders (您的订单)”中找到包裹的跟踪信息。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二项黑体字下“Your order hasn't shipped yet (您的订单尚未发货)”部分的建议“If you're not expecting the package today, please wait for the tracking information to be updated. (如果您今天并不期待包裹到达，请等待跟踪信息更新。)”可知，如果包裹没有按预期到达，应该等待一两天，因为跟踪信息可能会更新。故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“You can find tracking information in your order details. If an order includes multiple items, each may have separate delivery dates and tracking information. (您可以在订单详情中找到追踪信息。如果一个订单包含多个商品，每个商品可能有不同的发货日期和追踪信息。)”以及“How to track your package (如何跟踪包裹)”以及“Find solutions to common delivery problems (找到常见的快递问题的解决办法)”可知，文章提供了关于如何追踪包裹、处理常见配送问题的指导，如订单未发货、跟踪信息不更新、订单延迟或显示已送达但实际上未收到包裹的情况。这些信息对用户在购物过程中遇到问题时寻求帮助非常有用，因此最有可能出现在网站的客服或帮助中心部分。故选C项。 B There’s an old African proverb that states, “When you leave your shoes at the doorstep, you leave your troubles behind.” A group of environmental chemists who study what kinds of contaminants people are exposed to in their own homes claim: wearing your outside shoes inside won’t just mess up your carpet; it is, in fact, scientifically wrong. Shoes worn outside can be media for all kinds of dirt and microbes. According to the experts, about one-third of the matter building up inside your home comes from outside, much of it being tracked in on the soles of our shoes. But not all dirt is bad dirt. Some household germs can actually be useful in helping build up a child’s immune system, for example. But the real issue is that some of the disease-causing organisms found on our shoes and floors are drug-resistant, causing illnesses that are difficult to treat. “Cancer-causing toxins can be found on these shoes,” scientists say, “so it is best to leave your filth outside the door.” Every day we carry much dirt with us on the soles of our shoes-mud. For many households, the pandemic has greatly reduced the number of places we go to. But even at that, all it takes is one walk down the street or a few minutes at the park to make you bring something nasty back home. It’s important to note that not wearing shoes inside is more than just a hygiene thing. In many cultures around the world, leaving your shoes at the door is a sign of respect, a nod to superstition and it may even be in service of good health. Reflexologists (反射治疗师) say that walking around barefoot can help boost your circulation, improve your sleep quality and stimulate the reflexes on the soles of your feet, reducing inflammation, pain and tension. 4. What can we learn about dirt? A. All the dirt in the house comes from dirty shoes. B. The dirt can help build up a child’s immune system. C. The dirt brought back by shoes is very harmful to adults. D. About a third of the dirt produced in the home comes from the outside. 5. What’s the author’s attitude towards leaving shoes at the doorstep? A. Supportive B. Critical C. Indifferent D. Neutral 6. There are many benefits of not wearing shoes indoors except ________. A. showing respect B. stimulating reflection C. avoiding messing up carpet D. reducing the amount of dirt 7. What’s the best title of the text? A. Walking barefoot or not B. Getting rid of your home dirt C. Learning from African proverbs D. Leaving shoes at the doorstep for health reasons 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了在室内不穿室外鞋的重要性以及带来的一些健康好处。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“According to the experts, about one-third of the matter building up inside your home comes from outside, much of it being tracked in on the soles of our shoes.(根据专家的说法，大约三分之一在你家里堆积的物质来自外部，其中大部分是通过我们的鞋底追踪到的。)”可知，大约三分之一的家里产生的污垢来自外部。故选D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“According to the experts, about one-third of the matter building up inside your home comes from outside, much of it being tracked in on the soles of our shoes.(根据专家的说法，大约三分之一在你家里堆积的物质来自外部，其中大部分是通过我们的鞋底追踪到的。)”以及本段中“But the real issue is that some of the disease-causing organisms found on our shoes and floors are drug-resistant, causing illnesses that are difficult to treat.(但真正的问题是，在我们的鞋子和地板上发现的一些致病微生物是耐药的，会导致难以治疗的疾病。)”可知，作者认为家里堆积的物质来自外部，其中大部分是通过我们的鞋底追踪到的；并且这些鞋底发现的一些微生物是致病的。因此是反对在室内穿鞋的，因此作者对于在门廊留下鞋子持支持态度。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It’s important to note that not wearing shoes inside is more than just a hygiene thing. In many cultures around the world, leaving your shoes at the door is a sign of respect, a nod to superstition and it may even be in service of good health.(重要的是要注意，在室内不穿鞋不仅仅是卫生问题。在世界各地的许多文化中，把鞋子放在门口是一种尊重的表现，是对迷信的认可，甚至可能有助于身体健康。)”可知，室内不穿鞋不仅仅是卫生问题即避免弄脏地毯，以及减少灰尘之外，在许多文化中，把鞋子放在门口也是一种尊重的表现。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要讨论了在室内不穿室外鞋的重要性。专家表示，室外鞋底携带大量的污染物和微生物，大约有三分之一的家内灰尘来自于鞋子。虽然不是所有的灰尘都是有害的，但一些鞋子及地板上的病原体对药物具有抗性，可能导致难以治疗的疾病。此外，科学家警告说，这些鞋子上可能存在致癌的微生物，因此最好将污物留在门外。不穿鞋进入室内不仅仅是为了卫生，在很多文化中，脱鞋进屋是一种尊重、迷信的表现，也可能有益于健康。足部反射治疗师认为，光脚行走可以促进血液循环，提高睡眠质量，减少炎症、疼痛和紧张。因此D选项“Leaving shoes at the doorstep for health reasons(出于健康考虑把鞋子放在门口)”概括文章主要内容，符合标题。故选D。 C Sperm whales (抹香鲸) have the biggest brains of any animal on the planet at up to twenty pounds, as much as six times the size of an average human brain. They live in groups of about ten and sometimes meet up with hundreds or thousands of other whales. Sperm whales can grow up to eighteen meters long and dive to nearly 1, 000 meters to hunt for food. They sleep upright and in groups. Like many whales and dolphins, sperm whales are highly social animals and communicate underwater by strings of rapid clicks, which are also used to help them locate and track their food. In a study published in the journal Nature Communications, researchers analyzed more than 8. 700 pieces of sperm whale clicks that they believe make up a “phonetic alphabet (音标)”, which the whales can use to build the very rough equivalent (对应的事物) of what people think of as words and phrases. They say they have found four basic components that they think make up this phonetic alphabet. Pratyusha Sharma, the paper’s lead researcher, says this alphabet could then be used by the whales in an unlimited number of combinations. To get enough records of the sperm whale clicks in Dominica, where there is a residential population of about 200 sperm whales, scientists created a huge underwater recording studio with microphones at different depths. Devices on the whales recorded what position they were in when clicking-for example, diving, sleeping, breathing at the surface-and if there were any other whales nearby they might be communicating with. Jeremy Goldbogen, an associate professor of oceans at Stanford University, who was not involved in the study, said that if we were one day able to understand what sperm whales were saying, that knowledge should be used for conservation purposes, like minimizing their risk of being hit by ships or reducing ocean noise levels David Gruber, founder and president of the Cetacean Translation Initiative, says millions and possibly billions of whale clicks would be needed to collect enough data to try to work out what the whales are saying, but he expects AI to help speed the analysis. 8. What do we know about sperm whales? A. They often travel alone. B. They can sleep on their backs. C. They can be up to 18 meters long. D. They have smaller brains than humans. 9. What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A. Language learning takes a lot of practice B. Sperm whales give off clicks to track each other C. The experimental results are inconsistent with the expectation D. Sperm whales and humans may communicate in a similar way. 10. Which statement will Jeremy Goldbogen probably agree with? A. The study is very meaningful. B. The ocean noise level is rather low. C. It is risky to hunt sperm whales. D. It is easy to protect sperm whales 11. What does David Gruber suggest? A. Limiting the use of AI. B. Recording the number of whales. C. Collecting more whale clicks. D. Recovering the whale populations 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲科学家对抹香鲸声音的收集和研究，以便更好保护它们。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Sperm whales can grow up to eighteen meters long and dive to nearly 1, 000 meters to hunt for food. They sleep upright and in groups.(抹香鲸可以长到18米长，潜到近1000米来觅食。他们成团直立睡觉。)”可知，抹香鲸可以长到18米长。故选C项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“In a study published in the journal Nature Communications, researchers analyzed more than 8. 700 pieces of sperm whale clicks that they believe make up a ‘honetic alphabet(音标)’, which the whales can use to build the very rough equivalent(对应的事物)of what people think of as words and phrases.(在《Nature Communications》杂志上发表的一项研究中，研究人员分析了8700多条抹香鲸发出咔嗒声，他们认为这些声音构成了一个‘音标’，抹香鲸可以用它来构建人们认为的单词和短语的大致等价物。)”可推断，抹香鲸和人类的交流方式可能相似。故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Jeremy Goldbogen, an associate professor of oceans at Stanford University, who was not involved in the study, said that if we were one day able to understand what sperm whales were saying, that knowledge should be used for conservation purposes, like minimizing their risk of being hit by ships or reducing ocean noise levels(斯坦福大学海洋学副教授Jeremy Goldbogen没有参与这项研究，他说，如果有一天我们能够理解抹香鲸在说什么，这些知识应该用于保护目的，比如最大限度地降低它们被船只撞击的风险或降低海洋噪音水平。)”可推断, Jeremy Goldbogen认为，对于抹香鲸所发出的声音的研究非常有意义。故选A项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“David Gruber, founder and president of the Cetacean Translation Initiative, says millions and possibly billions of whale clicks would be needed to collect enough data to try to work out what the whales are saying, but he expects AI to help speed the analysis.( Cetacean Translation Initiative的创始人兼总裁David Gruber表示，需要数百万甚至数十亿次的鲸鱼发出的声音来收集足够的数据，试图弄清楚鲸鱼在说什么，但他希望人工智能能帮助加快分析速度。)”可知，David Gruber建议多收集一些抹香鲸的声音数据。故选C项。 D In the Roman times and throughout the Middle Ages, salt was a valuable commodity (商品), and also served as “white gold”. Soldiers in the Roman army were sometimes paid with salt instead of money. Their monthly allowance was called “salarium” (“sal” being the Latin word for salt). This Latin root can be recognized in the French word “salaire” and it eventually made it into English as the word “salary”. Language is something we take for granted. However, as the example with the word “salary” shows, languages are not static. Like biological species, languages change over time, and sometimes develop to give rise to several descendant (后代) languages. For example, French, Italian, and Spanish are among the languages that have evolved from Latin. And like species, languages can go extinct, too. Given all these similarities, linguists (语言学家) who study the evolution of languages often use tools that are similar to those used by evolutionary biologists. One such tool is the reconstruction of a species tree. Such a tree shows the evolutionary history and relationships within a given group of biological species. Using a reconstructed species tree, evolutionary biologists can often infer specific characteristics of ancestral species. Or they can match up common ancestors in the tree with actual fossils that have been found by paleontologists (古生物学家). This allows them to put real dates at various branching points in the tree. Thus, species tree reconstruction is an essential tool in studying biological evolution. A similar technique can be used to study language evolution because languages also evolve and consist of words that can be easily compared. Indeed, linguists have reconstructed entire language trees. And as with species trees, characteristics of ancient ancestral languages can be derived (衍生) from them. Of course, there also are some differences between species evolution and language evolution, each requiring unique additional methods to study them in detail. But, overall, it is fascinating to see how the basic ideas and research tools of language evolution are similar to those of biological evolution. 12. Why does the author mention the word “salary” in paragraph 1? A. To illustrate the evolution of language. B. To present the effect of Latin on languages. C. To stress the value of salt in ancient times. D. To show developments in linguistic theory. 13. What can we infer from paragraph 2? A. Cultural diversity and biodiversity are linked. B. Species and languages have a lot in common. C. Human-caused mass extinction is accelerating. D. Languages influence and learn from each other. 14. What can we know about the reconstructed species tree? A. It is currently in the design stage. B. It facilitates the research of linguists. C. It can be used in a variety of ways. D. It is the first choice for biologists. 15 What can be the best title for the text? A. The Language System Evolved Over Time B. The Twin Extinctions of Species and Languages C. Salt Played a Crucial Role in Early Human History D. From Salt to Salary: Linguists Take a Page from Biology 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了语言进化与生物进化有众多相似之处，语言学家从研究自然物种演变的“物种树”中获取灵感，创建了“语言树”。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。第一段介绍了英语中的“salary”一词的由来。下文介绍了语言进化同物种进化之间的相似性，这种相似性启发语言学家创建类似于物种树的语言树，帮助推进语言研究。由此可推断，作者在第一段提及“salary”是为了说明语言在不断演变。故选A项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Like biological species, languages change over time, and sometimes develop to give rise to several descendant (后代) languages. For example, French, Italian, and Spanish are among the languages that have evolved from Latin. And like species, languages can go extinct, too.(就像生物物种一样，语言随着时间的推移而改变，有时会发展出几种后代语言。例如，法语、意大利语和西班牙语就是从拉丁语演变而来的语言之一。而且和物种一样，语言也可能灭绝)”可知，就像生物物种一样，语言会随着时间的推移而变化，有时会“物种化”，产生几种后代语言。就像物种一样，语言也会灭绝。由此可推断，物种和语言有很多相似之处。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三、四、五段内容可知，语言进化与生物进化有很多相似之处，因此，一些语言学家经常使用与进化生物学家使用的工具相似的工具。物种树是帮助进化生物学家研究生物进化的重要工具，同时也为语言学家提供了灵感，促进了语言学家的研究。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。作者在第一段以英语中的“salary”一词的例子说明了语言也在进化，进而在下文介绍物种和语言有很多相似之处，物种树启示语言学家创建语言树来推动语言的研究。D项能概括本文大意。故选D项。 第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways To Increase The Quality of Your Life It is time to do something to increase the quality of your life. Nothing can beat living an active, purposeful, successful life filled with happiness and fulfillment. ____16____ Treat yourself. It doesn’t matter if it’s a meal out, or a visit to a theater. Make the first thing you do a treat that you have been longing for some time. ____17____ Treats can be free, and you can always make time. Take up a hobby. When you lead a boring life, it is great to have something to think about that takes you into another world. ____18____ If you love to read, devote time to just sitting with a book and losing yourself in an imaginary world. The whole point of a hobby is that it is something for you, so it doesn’t matter what it is as long as you enjoy it. ____19____ Often we lose sight of the positive, beneficial things in our lives. Everyone has things to be grateful for and making a list helps to concentrate your mind on these positives. Allow yourself a few minutes to think about your life and identify the good things. Exercise. ____20____ Go running, or get down to the gym. Sweat out the negatives and get fit for the future. Follow the advice above and you will surely increase the quality of your life. A. Create a gratitude list. B. Doing morning exercise makes you fresh. C. Make the most of the years you have on Earth. D. Don’t make excuses about not having time or money. E. Taking exercise is an excellent way of boosting your mood. F. Hobbies are brilliant for giving you something different to do. G. Read our list of things to do now to make your life better and more enjoyable. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. F 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕“如何提高生活质量”这一主题展开，提供了多个具体的方法和建议，包括善待自己、培养兴趣爱好、制作感恩清单、进行锻炼等，旨在帮助读者过上更加积极、充实和幸福的生活。 【16题详解】 根据空前内容“Nothing can beat living an active, purposeful, successful life filled with happiness and fulfillment.(没有什么能比过积极、有目标、成功、充满幸福和满足的生活更好的了)”可知，生活质量非常重要。选项G“Read our list of things to do now to make your life better and more enjoyable.(阅读我们的清单，让你的生活变得更好、更愉快)”承上启下，承接上文内容，从而自然引出下文具体的建议。故选G。 17题详解】 根据空后内容“Treats can be free, and you can always make time.(零食可以是免费的，而且你总能挤出时间)”可知，作者认为零食可以是免费的，时间也是可以有的。选项D“Don’t make excuses about not having time or money.(不要为没有时间或没有钱找借口)”与下文内容相符，指出零食可以是免费的，时间是可以有的，因此不要为没有时间或没有钱找借口。故选D。 【18题详解】 根据下文“If you love to read, devote time to just sitting with a book and losing yourself in an imaginary world. The whole point of a hobby is that it is something for you, so it doesn’t matter what it is as long as you enjoy it.(如果你喜欢阅读，那就花点时间坐在书本前，让自己沉浸在一个想象的世界里。爱好的意义在于它对你来说是某种东西，所以不管它是什么，只要你喜欢它)”可知，爱好是非常好的习惯。选项F“Hobbies are brilliant for giving you something different to do.(爱好是很好的，因为它能让你做一些不同的事情)”与下文内容相符，指出爱好可以让我们做一些不同的事情。故选F。 【19题详解】 空处为小标题，为本段的主要内容。根据下文“Often we lose sight of the positive, beneficial things in our lives. Everyone has things to be grateful for and making a list helps to concentrate your mind on these positives. Allow yourself a few minutes to think about your life and identify the good things.(我们常常忽略了生活中积极的、有益的东西。每个人都有值得感激的事情，列一个清单可以帮助你把注意力集中在这些积极的事情上。给自己几分钟的时间来思考你的生活，找出好的一面)”可知，我们列一份清单，列出值得我们感激的事情。选项A“Create a gratitude list.(列一张感恩清单)”与本段内容相符。故选A。 【20题详解】 根据空后内容“Go running, or get down to the gym. Sweat out the negatives and get fit for the future.(去跑步，或者去健身房。挥洒汗水，为未来做好准备)”可知，此处建议我们要锻炼。选项E“Taking exercise is an excellent way of boosting your mood.(锻炼是改善心情的好方法)”与下文内容相符，同时与小标题“Exercise”形成一致。故选E。 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Juleus Ghunta is a published author and award-winning poet. But when growing up, he could ____21____ read. Ghunta lived in a rural part of Western Jamaica. He was kept at home while his older sisters ____22____ school. When Ghunta finally went to school, he couldn’t ____23____ his reading skills. The situation was made worse by a series of teachers who made him feel ____24____. “I struggled in school with a deep sense of loss and shame.” he recalled. Fortunately, at age 12, a young teacher-in-training decided to start a special reading program for ____25____ students. Ghunta was the first student to ____26____. That teacher, whose ____27____he does not recall, would become Ghunta’s unsung hero—the person who ____28____ his life. Under her ____29____, Ghunta’s reading skills finally started to improve. And his sense of self-doubt began to _____30_____. He graduated from elementary school with a number of _____31_____ awards. He went on to college, and later, graduate school. Today, he is the author of two children’s books. He’s now _____32_____ his first full-length collection of poetry. In 2010, Ghunta went back to his old school, to ask the principal and teachers if they knew his old teacher’s name. But no one did. “I would love for her to see the _____33_____ impact that she has made on my life, and the ways in which I have carried this _____34_____ of her —the hope, the light, with me—and how it continues to be a source of _____35_____.” 21. A. regularly B. barely C. actually D. probably 22. A. examined B. confirmed C. attended D. attempted 23. A. catch up on B. end up in C. stand up with D. look up to 24. A. independent B. proud C. delighted D. worthless 25. A. outstanding B. amazing C. struggling D. interesting 26. A. calm down B. sign up C. give in D. break out 27. A. name B. attitude C. responsibility D. theory 28. A. predicted B. discovered C. ruined D. changed 29. A. protection B. guidance C. employment D. control 30. A. lift B. expand C. emerge D. disturb 31. A. scientific B. design C. academic D. creative 32. A. working on B. taking in C. paying back D. turning down 33. A. negative B. financial C. instant D. significant 34. A. promise B. issue C. memory D. observation 35. A. stability B. leisure C. harmony D. joy 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一位名叫Juleus Ghunta的年轻人，因早年资源匮乏而不能阅读，但在一位实习教师的帮助下，他的阅读能力得到显著提升，进而改变了人生轨迹，最终以优异成绩毕业并成为儿童书籍作家的故事。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但在成长过程中，他几乎不会阅读。A. regularly 定期地；B. barely几乎不；C. actually事实上；D. probably可能。根据下文的“Ghunta lived in a rural part of Western Jamaica.”可知，Juleus Ghunta 生活在牙买加西部的农村地区，生活条件不佳，学习资源也相对匮乏，由此可推断，在这里他“几乎不”会阅读。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的姐姐们上学时，他被留在家里。A. examined检测；B. confirmed 证实；C. attended定期去（某处），参加、上学（课）；D. attempted尝试。根据上文的“He was kept at home”以及下文中的“When Ghunta finally went to school”可知，在她的姐姐们“上学”时，他被留在家里，attend school意为“上学”。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当Ghunta最终上学时，他无法在阅读上赶上进度。A. catch up on赶上；B. end up in以……结束；C. stand up with与……站在一起；D. look up to尊敬。根据上文中的“But when growing up, he could ____1____ read.”可知，在他成长过程中几乎不会阅读，结合下文中的“He was kept at home while his older sisters ____2____ school.”可知，他姐姐们上学的时候，他被留在家里，由此可推断，由于之前缺乏基础，他上学后无法在阅读上“赶上”进度。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多老师让他觉得自己是没用的，这让情况变得更糟。A. independent 独立的；B. proud 自豪的；C. delighted高兴的；D. worthless无价值的，没用的。根据下文中的““I struggled in school with a deep sense of loss and shame.” he recalled.”可知，他在学校里感到很挣扎，有一种深深的失落和羞愧感，由此可知，此处指的是许多老师让他觉得自己是“没用的”符合语境。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，在12岁的时候，一位年轻的在职教师决定为挣扎中的学生开办一个特殊的阅读项目。A. outstanding杰出的；B. amazing了不起的；C. struggling挣扎中的；D. interesting有趣的。根据上文中的“I struggled in school with a deep sense of loss and shame.”可知，Ghunta觉得自己在学校里很挣扎，由此可知，此处指的是为“挣扎中的”学生开办一个特殊的阅读项目。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Ghunta是第一个报名的学生。A. calm down冷静下来；B. sign up报名；C. give in 屈服，让步；D. break out爆发。根据上文中的“Fortunately, at age 12, a young teacher -in -training decided to start a special reading program for ____5____ students.”可知，一位年轻的实习老师为挣扎中的学生开设了一个特殊的阅读项目，由此可知，Ghunta应该是第一个“报名”参加该项目的学生，符合语境。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那位老师，他不记得她的名字，后来成为了Ghunta的无名英雄——那个改变了他一生的人。A. name名字；B. attitude态度；C. responsibility责任；D. theory理论。根据下文中的“In 2010, Ghunta went back to his old school, to ask the principal and teachers if they knew his old teacher’s name.”可知，Ghunta回校后问校长和老师们是否还知道那位实习老师的名词，由此可知，此处指的Ghunta记不起那个老师的“名字”符合语境。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那位老师，他不记得她的名字，后来成为了Ghunta的无名英雄——那个改变了他一生的人。A. predicted预测；B. discovered 发现；C. ruined毁坏；D. changed改变。根据上文中的“That teacher, whose ____7____ he does not recall, would become Ghunta’s unsung hero”以及下文中的“He graduated from elementary school with a number of ____11____ awards. He went on to college, and later, graduate school. Today, he is the author of two children’s books.”可知，那个实习教师是Ghunta的无名英雄，这位老师让Ghunta中小学毕业，上了大学，还成了儿童书籍的作家，由此可知，此处指的是那个实习老师“改变”了他的一生。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的指导下，Ghunta的阅读能力终于开始提高。A. protection 保护；B. guidance指导；C. employment 雇佣；D. control控制。根据下文中的“Ghunta’s reading skills finally started to improve.”可知，最终，Ghunta的阅读技能得到提高，由此可知，此处指的是在她的“指导”下，符合语境。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的自我怀疑感开始消失。A. lift消失，消散；B. expand扩张；C. emerge 出现；D. disturb打扰。根据上文中的“Under her ____9____ , Ghunta’s reading skills finally started to improve.”可知，在老师的指导下，Ghunta的阅读技能得到提高，由此可推断，他的自我怀疑感应该是开始“消失”符合语境。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词/名词词义辨析。句意：他以多项学业奖项从小学毕业。A. scientific 科学的；B. design 设计；C. academic学业上的；D. creative有创造力的。根据上文中的“He graduated from elementary school”可知，他从小学毕业，所以，此处指的是他应该是获得多项“学业上的”奖励，符合语境。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他现在正在致力于他的第一部长篇诗集。A. working on从事；B. taking in 吸收，理解；C. paying back 偿还；D. turning down拒绝。根据上文中的“Today, he is the author of two children’s books.”可知，现在Ghunta是两本儿童书籍的作家，由此可推断，此处指的是他现在正“从事”第一部长篇诗集，符合语境。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很想让她看到她对我的生活产生的重大影响，以及我如何将对她的记忆——希望、光明——带在身边，并且它一直是我快乐的源泉。A. negative消极的；B. financial 金融的；C. instant 立刻的；D. significant意义重大的，显著的。根据上文中的“That teacher, whose ____7____ he does not recall, would become Ghunta’s unsung hero—the person who ____8____ his life.”可知，Ghunta把那位实习老师看做无名英雄，一位改变了他一生的人，由此可推断，此处指的是Ghunta想让那位老师看到她对自己的生活产生的“重大的”影响。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很想让她看到她对我的生活产生的重大影响，以及我如何将对她的记忆——希望、光明——带在身边，并且它一直是我快乐的源泉。A. promise承诺；B. issue问题；C. memory记忆力；D. observation观察。根据下文中的“the hope, the light, with me”可知，在Ghunta看来，这位老师对他的一生产生了重大影响，是这位老师给他带来了希望和光明，由此可推断，他想让这位老师看到，他如何把对老师的“记忆”带在身边的。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很想让她看到她对我的生活产生的重大影响，以及我如何将对她的记忆——希望、光明——带在身边，并且它一直是我快乐的源泉。A. stability稳定性；B. leisure休闲；C. harmony和谐；D. joy快乐。根据上文中的“I would love for her to see the ____13____ impact that she has made on my life, and the ways in which I have carried this ____14____ of her —the hope, the light, with me”可知，这位老师对Ghunta的一生产生了重大的影响，给他带来了希望和光明，Ghunta将老师以光明和希望的方式牢记于心，这种希望和光明应该是Ghunta“快乐”的源泉，符合语境。故选D项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The more water people splash on you, the ___36___ (lucky) your life will be. That’s the positive message from the water sprinkling festival in Xishuangbanna, in Southwest China’s Yunnan province. The festival is one of the most important festivals for the Dai people —an ethnic group mostly ___37___ (live) in Xishuangbanna Dai, who recognize the festival ___38___ the new year and organize activities like splashing water and dragon boat races. “Water” is ___39___ unique way of sending blessings to the Dai people on New Year’s Day. The more you ___40___ (soak), the more blessings you get. This is ___41___ people express their feelings and wishes for the future. A visitor from the United States said two elderly women ___42___ (dress) in Dai ethnic clothes splashed water on him and he splashed back. Laughter and water twisted to make them feel like they were best friends, as if they ___43___(meet) before. Xishuangbanna is home to 12 ethnic ___44___ (minority) and boasts a border extending over 966. 3 kilometers. Neighboring countries such as Cambodia, Thailand, Myanmar, and Laos also celebrate the festival, taking place in the mid-sixth month of the Dai calendar, ____45____ (rough) ten days before or after China’s Qingming Festival. 【答案】36. luckier 37. living 38. as 39. a 40. are soaked 41. how 42. dressed 43. had met 44. minorities 45. roughly 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了泼水节的习俗。 【36题详解】 考查比较级。句意：人们在你身上泼水越多，你的生活就会越幸运。此处为the+比较级，the+比较级句型。故填luckier。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个节日是傣族最重要的节日之一，傣族主要生活在西双版纳傣族，他们把这个节日当作新的一年，组织像泼水和龙舟比赛这样的活动。此处group与live构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填living。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：这个节日是傣族最重要的节日之一，傣族主要生活在西双版纳傣族，他们把这个节日当作新的一年，组织像泼水和龙舟比赛这样的活动。短语recognize sth. as…表示“把……当作”。故填as。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“水”是傣族人在元旦送祝福的一种独特方式。此处way为泛指“一种”，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【40题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：你被淋湿的越多，得到的祝福就越多。主语you与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文get可知为一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are soaked。 【41题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这是人们表达对未来的感受和愿望的方式。引导表语从句，表示“如何”应用how。故填how。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一位来自美国的游客说，两个穿着傣族服装的老妇人往他身上泼水，他也泼了回去。短语be dressed in表示“穿着”，此处过去分词作定语。故填dressed。 【43题详解】 考查虚拟语气。句意：笑声和水交织在一起，让他们觉得他们是最好的朋友，好像他们以前见过面一样。此处表示对过去的虚拟，从句应用过去完成时。故填had met。 【44题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：西双版纳是12个少数民族的家园，边境线长达966.3公里。根据上文12可知应用复数形式。故填minorities。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：柬埔寨、泰国、缅甸和老挝等邻国也庆祝这个节日，时间是在傣族历的六月中旬，大约在中国清明节的前后十天。修饰后文短语应用副词roughly，故填roughly。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack送了一张画展的门票作为你的生日礼物。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1.表示感谢; 2.观看画展的感受， 3.回赠礼物。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jack, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jack, I’m more than excited to receive a birthday gift from you. Honestly speaking, I didn’t expect that I could get a ticket for the painting exhibition that I had been looking forward to attending. I’m deeply grateful for your surprise With that precious ticket, I went to the exhibition, which featured amazing paintings from world-famous artists. While admiring those paintings, I felt myself wandering in a world full of greatness and fantasy. In a word, I really enjoyed the exhibition. To express my gratitude, I’ve sent you a Chinese dictionary by mail, hoping you will like it. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Jack写一封邮件，对方送了一张画展的门票作为你的生日礼物。 【详解】1.词汇积累 表达：express→extend 参加：attend→participate in 宝贵：precious→valuable 总之：in a word→in short 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To express my gratitude, I’ve sent you a Chinese dictionary by mail, hoping you will like it. 拓展句：I’ve sent you a Chinese dictionary by mail because I want to express my gratitude, hoping you will like it. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Honestly speaking, I didn’t expect that I could get a ticket for the painting exhibition that I had been looking forward to attending. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] With that precious ticket, I went to the exhibition, which featured amazing paintings from world-famous artists. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 This is a story about an act of kindness that I did, which in turn changed my life in a way. I used to teach in a university with a master’s degree. In my country, it was better to have a PhD for career advancement, and my qualifications needed to be improved. So I telephoned Professor Smith for help. I had heard that he was a good doctoral supervisor in the university, but I hadn’t met him. I tried to call him once, but to my disappointment, he said he was a little busy at that time and that he would contact me later. One day, I was driving home from the university when I saw an accident at the side of the road. The two cars collided (碰撞), but fortunately the drivers were not injured. They argued with each other about the accident and became annoyed. Then I stopped my car to see if they might need my help. “Calm down, gentlemen. What’s the matter?” I approached them and said. “It’s just a minor scratch (划痕). There were some disagreements when we tried to work things out privately. I think he is asking for a little too much” one driver said to me. I learned that he didn’t have enough money on hand to pay for the damage. Understanding the situation, I offered to help. I paid the amount needed to settle the matter. A troublesome matter turned into a peaceful resolution with my involvement. When the driver offered to exchange our business cards, I agreed. “It was so kind of you to reach out. I’ll repay your money tomorrow,” he said. “Forget it. It’s just a small thing,” I responded. Finally, we said goodbye to each other. However, I didn’t expect my kind behavior would really bring me good luck. When I went back home, I happened to see the driver’s business card. I was surprised to find that the driver I had helped was Professor Smith who I wanted to turn to for help. I confidently decided to call him again the next day to make an appointment. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Unexpectedly, early the next morning, my phone rang. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That afternoon, I met Professor Smith in his office. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Unexpectedly, early the next morning, my phone rang. It was Professor Smith’s voice. “Good morning, I just found out it was you that one called me for help. I believe we met yesterday in a rather unusual circumstance,” he began to say. I was astonished. He continued, “I’m calling to thank you for your assistance and to see if you’re free to discuss your doctoral aspirations this afternoon.” His voice was filled with sincerity, and I could hardly contain my excitement. “Of course, Professor Smith,” I responded, feeling a surge of hope. That afternoon, I met Professor Smith in his office. He insisted on giving me my money back, although I refused several times. Then he discussed with me about my academic goals and invited me to join his doctoral program. His unexpected call paved the way for a new chapter in my academic journey. As we communicated, I realized that sometimes, the most significant opportunities could arise from the simplest acts of kindness. It was a lesson that I would carry with me throughout my career. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在不经意间帮助了遇到交通事故的司机。后来发现这位司机正是他要提升学历需要得到他的指导的博士生导师。作者感悟到最重要的机会可能来自最简单的善举。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“没想到，第二天一早，我的电话响了。”可知，第一段可描写作者接到了史密斯教授的电话，教授了解到作者的博士理想。 ②由第二段首句内容“那天下午，我在史密斯教授的办公室见到了他。”可知，第二段可描写作者和史密斯教授见面的情况，教授坚持还给作者所付的钱并邀请作者加入他的博士团队。 2.续写线索：教授回电话——教授了解作者的博士理想——见到教授——受邀加入博士团队——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①发现：find out / spot /discover ②充满了：was filled with / was full of ③回答：responded /replied 情绪类 ①惊讶的：astonished /surprised ②几乎无法抑制我的兴奋：could hardly contain my excitement / could hardly suppress my excitement 【点睛】【高分句型1】Good morning, I just found out it was you that one called me for help. (使用了省略that引导的宾语从句，从句使用强调句型) 【高分句型2】I’m calling to thank you for your assistance and to see if you’re free to discuss your doctoral aspirations this afternoon. (使用了if引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$