Unit 1Grammar课件 2024-2025学年牛津译林版八年级英语上册

Unit 1 Friends Grammar Comparative and superlative adjectives Betty is taller than May. Max is the tallest of /among the three students. How tall is sb.? May is shorter than Betty. 1.75 metres May Betty 1.58 metres 1.60 metres Max What 's the height of sb.? /haɪt/ Max is the tallest in this group. 我们用 “比较级 +than” 在两者之中进行比较。 A be ~er than B. 我们用“the＋最高级”在三者之中进行比较。 A be the ~est among/of/in＋名词（比较范围）… swimming competition swimmers 50 sec. 47 sec. 42 sec. May swims fast. Betty swims faster than May. Max swims fastest. 方法一 + er/ est [sek] =second 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 [ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn] 规则一： ① 大多数单音节词和部分双音节词在词尾加er变成比较级，加est变成最高级。 原形 比较级 最高级 young younger youngest near /gə/ /gist/ nearer /'niərə/ nearest /'nɪərɪst/ strong stronger /gə/ strongest /gist/ small smaller smallest great greater /ə/ greatest /ɪst/ 如果原级词尾是不发音的字母r，加er或est后，r要发/r/的音。 如果原级词尾发/ŋ/，加er或est后，/ŋ/音后加上/g/音。 方法二 ： + r/ st cute cutest cuter 原级 比较级 最高级 nice late large nicer later nicest latest larger largest 规则二： /ə/ /ist/ 以字母e结尾的词变比较级只加r，变最高级只加st。 50kg 200kg 400kg The first box is heavy. The second box is heavier than the first one. The third box is the heaviest of all. 方法三 ：去y + ier/ iest weight How much do/does sb./sth. weigh? What's the weight of sb./sth.? 原级 比较级 最高级 funny easy prettier prettiest easier easiest funnier funniest pretty 规则三： /ə/ /ist/ 以辅音字母加y结尾的词，把y变成i再加er或est. the biggest bigger big 方法四： 双写尾字母+ er/est The first dog is big. The second dog is bigger than the first one. The third dog is the biggest of all. 原级 比较级 最高级 slim/slɪm/ thin /θɪn/ hot /hɒt/ sad /sæd/ slimmer slimmest thinner thinnest hotter hottest sadder saddest 规则四： /ə/ /ist/ 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加er或est. 以/r/除外的辅音音素结尾，中间只有一个元音音素的音节叫闭音节。闭音节中重读的部分叫重读闭音节。 The first test is difficult. The second test is more difficult than the first one. /test/ The third one is the most difficult among the three tests. 方法五 ：more / the most + 原形 原级 比较级 最高级 beautiful important popular expensive more beautiful most beautiful more important most important most popular more popular most expensive more expensive 规则五： 多音节词和部分双音节词, 在其前加more变成比较级，加most变成最高级。 careful more careful most careful 规则五： 多音节词和部分双音节词,在其前加more变成比较级，加most变成最高级。 原级 比较级 最高级 clever handsome polite simple stupid more clever most clever more handsome most handsome more polite most polite more simple most simple more stupid most stupid 这些词变比较级也可以直接＋er,变最高级也可以直接＋est，但是用more/most＋原形更为常见 不规则变法 good/well bad /ill many / much little far old 不规则变化: [wəːs] [wəːst] better best worse worst more most less least farther 更远的 farthest further furthest 进一步的 older / elder oldest / eldest farther /ˈfɑːðə(r)/--farthest /ˈfɑːðɪst/ further /ˈfɜːðə(r)/--furthest/ˈfɜːðɪst/ /ˈeldə(r)/ /ˈeldɪst/ 距离 距离;程度 Exercises A on P12 原级 比较级 最高级 clean short cute happy lazy big cleaner cleanest shorter shortest cuter cutest happier happiest lazier laziest bigger biggest 原级 比较级 最高级 thin sad difficult interesting good bad thinner thinnest sadder saddest more difficult most difficult more interesting most interesting better best worse worst adj./adv.比较级用法　 1. 两者比较 A +be+比较级 + than B 2. 用“Which+be+比较级，A or B?”表示在两者中比较和选择。 3. 比较级前可用 much, even,a little, a lot, far,still等来修饰. I’m much taller than Tom. (so, very, quite 修饰原级) He is taller than his brother. Which is bigger,the sun or the moon? Tom is a little taller than Amy. It’s getting colder and colder. 4 .(1)“比较级+and+比较级” 表示“越来越…” Clothes are more and more expensive now. 5. the +比较级 (+主 +谓), the+比较级 (+主 +谓) .表示“越……，越……” The more you eat, the fatter you are. (2) more +and+ more+原级表示“越来越…” 只用于以“more+原级”构成比较级的词　 6. “the + 比较级 + of +两者”表示“在两者中较…” Lily is ___________(short) of the two girls. the shorter 7. 在同一范围内比较: 比较级+than ＋any other +单数名词 =比较级+than the other +复数名词 =the+最高级+名词+介词+范围 Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. = Shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China. = Shanghai is the biggest city in China. 任何其他的 在不同范围内比较: 　比较级+than any +单数名词 Shanghai is bigger than any city in Japan. adj./adv.最高级用法　 1.三者或以上相比，（后有介词短语表示范围 ） adv.最高级可省略the Tom is __________ of the three boys. in ＋名词（地方范围） the + adj/adv 最高级+ of/among＋名词（同类的人或物) Tom is the tallest among the three boys. Tom is the tallest in this group. the tallest adj./adv.最高级用法　 2. one of +the +最高级+复数名词 表示“最…之一” eg. The hair clip is one of _______________ (pretty) among those. He was one of _______________(fast) _____________(swim) . the prettiest the fastest swimmers adj./adv.最高级用法　 3. 用序数词修饰形容词的最高级，表示“第几 ……” Millie is the third _________(tall) girl in her class. tallest 4. 形容词最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格修饰时, the可以省略. Tom is my best friend. Amy’s greatest wish is to be a singer. 5 固定短语中 at least 至少 at most 最多 do/try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大的努力 易混淆的两个句型： He is the tallest (tall) of the 3 students. He is the taller (tall) of the 2 students. Millie Sandy Amy Peter Kitty Simon Height (cm) 157 170 160 173 155 171 Weight (kg) 45 50 44 55 40 53 50 m swimm-ing (sec.) 40 38 30 34 36 35 Drawing competi-tion 9/10 10/10 9/10 5/10 6/10 8/10 English test 10/10 8/10 9/10 6/10 8/10 7/10 Practice: From the first line in the table, we can see: 1. Simon is _________________(tall) Sandy. 2. Peter is _________________(tall) of the six students. taller than the tallest 3. Sandy is ___________________ (heavy) Millie. 4. Peter is ______________ (heavy) of the six students. 5. Among the six students, Millie is ____________ (slow) swimmer. 6. Amy is _____________ (fast) swimmer of the six students. 7. Millie’s drawing is _______________________ (beautiful) Peter’s. 8. Sandy’s drawing is _____________________(beautiful) in her class. 9. Millie’s English is _____________ (good) Simon’s. Millie’s English is _______________ (good) in her class. heavier than the heaviest the slowest the fastest more beautiful than the most beautiful better than the best 中考链接 1. —What do you think of the movie? —Great! I have never seen a ____ one. (2017年安徽省中考英语真题) A. good B. bad C. better D. worse 2. Mr. Black’s memory is getting ____. As a result, he often leaves his keys at home. （2016年安徽省中考英语真题） A. older B. poorer C. greater D. better 单项填空 3. We lost the match because they had ____ players. They had eleven and we had only nine.（2012年安徽省中考英语真题） A. stronger B. younger C. fewer D. more 4. — Is Canada the second ____ country in the world in size? — Yes, that is right.（2019年安徽省中考英语预测题） A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 5. The families are much ____ today than those in the past. There are only three people in almost every family now. A. bigger B. smaller C. more D. less （2019年安徽省中考英语预测题） II 单词拼写 1. Lily has a twin sister. She is the ____ (tall) of the twins. （2019年安徽省中考英语预测题） 2. Peter is the _______ (tall) of the six students. （2019年安徽省中考英语预测题） 3. The Yellow River is the second ________ (long) river in the world. （2019年安徽省中考英语预 测题） taller tallest longest ( ) 1. My mother is _______ in our family. A. busiest B. the busiest C. busier D. busy ( ) 2. This apple is _______ of all. A. redder B. the redest C. the reddest D. reddest ( ) 3.Which pen is _______ , this one or that one? A. dear B. dearest C. the dearest D. dearer ( ) 4. Kate is ______ than all the other girls. She is _______ of all. A. taller , tallest B. taller , the tallest C. the tallest , tallest D. tallest , the tallest ( ) 5. _______ of the two men is my uncle. A. The older B. Old C. The oldest D. Oldest B C D B A Multiple Choice 1. The earth is ________(big) than the moon. The sun is ____________ (big) of the three. 2.‘My Heart Will Go On’ is one of _____________ (popular) songs. 3. Which do you like _______ (well), tea or coffee ? 4.This film is __________ (exciting) than that one. 5. I believe you will study _______ (hard) than last term. 6.Lily had _______ (many) apples than Lucy.But she had _______ (little) juice than Lucy. 7. It’s even ______ (hot) than yesterday. 8. He is __________ (tall) boy of the two. bigger the biggest the most popular better more exciting harder more less hotter the taller THANK YOU Good, better, best Good , better , best . Never let it rest. Till good is better . And better is best . Rhyme: $$