Unit 4 Friends Forever Developing ideas课文知识点精讲 讲义-2024-2025学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

新外研版必修一Unit 4 Developing ideas After Twenty Years 二十年后 小说三要素Character人物 plot情节 setting环境背景 The short story “After Twenty Years” is set in New York on a cold, dark night. Most people have left work to go home, and this part of the city is now quiet. A policeman who(定从) is checking the area sees a man outside a shop. He goes up to the man and finds he has a scar on his face. They have a chat and the man starts to tell his story. 短篇小说《二十年后》设定在纽约的一个寒冷而黑暗的夜晚。大部分人已经下班回家，城市的这个角落静悄悄的。一名正在该地区巡逻的警察看到一名男子站在商店外面。他走进男子，发现他的脸上有一道伤疤。他们开始聊天，男子开始讲述他的故事。 1) be set in:以...为背景 set-set-set setting n.（某事发生的）环境；（戏剧，小说或电影的）背景 2) go up to:走上前去 3) have a chat:聊天 4) start to do:开始做某事 5) tell stories:讲故事 “Twenty years ago tonight,” said the man, “ I dined here at ‘Big Joe’ Brady’s with Jimmy Wells, my best chum, and the finest chap in the world. He and I were raised here in New York, just like two brothers, together. I was eighteen and Jimmy was twenty. The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune. You couldn’t have dragged Jimmy out of New York; he thought it was the only place on earth. Well, we agreed that night that(宾语从句) we would meet（过去将来时） here again exactly twenty years from that date and time, no matter what（让步状语从句） our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come. We figured that（宾语从句） in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made, whatever（让步状语从句） they were going to be.” “二十年前的今晚，”男子说，“我和吉米·威尔斯——我最好的朋友，也是这世界上最好的小伙子——在这儿的‘大乔’布雷迪餐厅吃饭。我们俩都是在纽约长大的，就像亲兄弟一样。那时我十八，吉米二十。第二天一早我就要去西部赚大钱了。可你不可能把吉米拖出纽约，他觉得地球上只有(纽约)这么一个地方。反正，那天晚上我们约定，不管日后各自的情况如何，也不管距离多远，我们都会在二十年的此地、此日、此时再次见面。我们当时觉得，不管要做什么，二十年的时间足够自己找到出路、赚到钱。” 6) dine：v.进餐 7) chum/tʃʌm/n.好朋友 8) chap/tʃæp/n.小伙子，家伙 9) raise：v.举起；增加，提高；筹集；养育；饲养，种植；提出 raise your hand:举手 raise salaries：提高薪水 raise money:筹钱 raise corn:种植玉米 raise many questions:提出许多问题 10) be to do:将要做某事 11) start for:出发前往某地 12) make one’s fortune:发财 13) couldn’t have done:不可能做过某事 14) drag sb. out of:把某人拖出某地 drag-dragged-dragged 15) exactly：adv.刚好；精确地 16) date：n.日期 v.约会 date back to 追溯到 date from起源于（做非谓语时无被动 用 doing；作谓语动词时一般为一般现在时） 【真题再现】（天津2023年3月） back to the 18th century,Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. A.Dating B.Being dated C.To date D.To be dated 17) condition：n.条件，状况 18) figure :v.认为，以为；计算 n.数字；人物；身材 figure out 弄清楚，弄明白，计算出 19) ought to do:应该做 20) have sth. done:使某事被做 使役动词用法： ① make make+宾语+do sth.让...做.. Eg:My parents always make me do my homework before I go out. make+宾语+done 让...被做 Eg：make myself heard /understood ②let let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 ③have have+宾语+doing sth 使......持续做某事 Eg:They had their lights burning all night long. have + 宾语 + do sth 使...做某事 Eg:I had Tom clean the door. have sth. done 使... 被做 Eg:have my hair cut/ have the door painted ④get get+宾语+ doing sth 使......开始做某事 Eg:get the car starting/ get the fire burning get + 宾语 +to do sth 使...做某事 Eg:Can you get us to do this experiment? get sth. done 使... 被做 Eg:get the bike repaired 【真题再现】（天津2018年6月）I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________. A． taking B．taken C．being taken D．take 【真题再现】（天津2005）You should understand the traffic rule by now. You have had it often enough. A. explaining B.to explain C.explain D.explained 21) destiny/ˈdestɪni/n.命运，天命 22) work out:解决；锻炼；计算出 “It sounds pretty interesting, ” said the policeman.“Rather a long time between meets, though, it seems to me. Haven’t you heard from your friend since you left？” “这事倒挺新鲜，”警察说。“但在我看来，你们这两次见面间隔时间太久了。分手以后你没有你朋友的消息吗？”  23) rather:adv.十分 rather than而不是 or rather更确切的说 24) though:adv.但是(一般放在句末) 25) hear from:收到某人的来信 “Well, yes, for a time we corresponded, ” said the other. “But after a year or two we lost track of each other. You see, the West is a pretty big proposition, and I kept hustling around over it pretty lively. But I know Jimmy will meet me here if （条件状语从句）he’s alive, for he always was the truest, staunchest old chap in the world. He’ll never forget. I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight, and it’s worth it if（条件状语从句） my old partner turns up.”  “嗯，不是的。我们也有过一段书信来往，”男子说。“但过了一两年便断了联系。你知道，西部很大，我不停地四处奔波、忙东忙西。但我相信，只要吉米还活着，他肯定会来赴约的，因为他一直是世界上最真诚、最可靠的老伙计。他绝对不会忘记我们的约定。今晚，我从千里之外赶来站在这扇门前，只要我的老朋友出现，这一切就都是值得的。” (Excerpts from “After Twenty Years” by O. Henry) （节选自《二十年后》，作家欧·亨利） 26) correspond/ˌkɒrɪˈspɒnd/v.通信 27) lose track of不了解……的情况，不了解……的动态;和...失去联系 track n.跑道;轨道；足迹；路径；音轨 v.追踪 keep track of和...保持联系；了解...的动态 28) proposition/ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃ(ə)n/n.事业，生意 29) keep doing sth.一直做某事 30) hustle/ˈhʌs(ə)l/v.拼命干，努力干 31) if翻译为“如果”时，引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现；if翻译为“是否”时，引导宾语从句，不遵循主将从现。 32) alive:adj.活着的 33) staunch/stɔːntʃ/adj.坚定的，忠实可靠的 34) turn up(意外地或终于)出现；调高 turn down调低；拒绝 turn to转向；求助 turn on开 turn off关 turn around转身 in turn轮流；依次；反过来 turn over移交；翻转 turn out（prove）证明是；结果是 （to be） 【书面表达】This activity turns out to be a great success. 【书面表达】The local people is warm-hearted and enthusiastic.Whenever you turn to them for help,they will lend you a hand without hesitation. 35) worth：adj.值得的 be worth doing 值得被做（主动形式表示被动含义） eg：The book is worth reading. 36) excerpt/ˈeksɜːpt/n.摘录，节录 ( 2 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$