UNIT 3 Section Ⅳ Lesson 2(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版2019）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Pangolins (穿山甲) are the most trafficked (非法交易) mammals in the world and are facing extinction.To draw attention to these scaly (有鳞片的)，anteater­like animals，a new wildlife documentary，Eye of the Pangolin，is attempting a unique way to inspire action and conservation.Partnering with the non­profit organization Pangolin Africa，the documentary was made available on YouTube in May 2019.The intention is to reach communities wherever the Internet is available，especially African communities，who live near the animal's habitats. Over two years，the documentary crew traveled to South Africa，Ghana，Central African Republic and Gabon in search of the four unique species of pangolin，which has never been achieved before.Filmmakers Bruce Young and Johan Vermeulen say that they went into the shoot knowing relatively little about pangolins，but grew to respect and appreciate the animals.Getting close to the creatures over two years was a crash course in these secretive creatures.Johan Vermeulen said，“One thing however that might seem unimportant is that they are actually quite fussy eaters.You would think they would eat any type of ant，but they all prefer a specific type ant.” Pangolins are hunted illegally across Africa for their scales，which are used for traditional medicine，and their meat.In April 2019，Singaporean customs officials conducted two separate seizures of 24 tons of pangolin scales，which equals to the death of 69,000 pangolins. Though the documentary focuses less on the trafficking of pangolins，and more on the animals in their natural habitat，the aim of the documentary is to inspire viewers around the world to call for action to end trafficking and protecting these unique creatures. Filmed on location in South Africa，Ghana，Central African Republic，and Gabon，this powerful documentary is the story of two men on a mission to get all four species of African pangolin on camera for the very first time. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一部旨在提高公众对穿山甲的保护意识的纪录片。 1．What is the purpose of the documentary? A．To study the situation of pangolins. B．To collect fund to protect pangolins. C．To raise awareness of pangolin protection. D．To propose setting up pangolin reserves. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第四段中“the aim of the documentary is to inspire viewers around the world to call for action to end trafficking and protecting these unique creatures(这个纪录片的目的是鼓励全世界观众需要采取行动停止非法交易，保护这种独特的动物。)”可知，这部纪录片的目的是增强公众对穿山甲的保护意识。故选C。 2．What is the meaning of the underlined word “fussy” in Paragraph 2? A．Picky.　　　　　 B．Messy. C．Showy. D．Heavy. 解析　A　词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“You would think they would eat any type of ant，but they all prefer a specific type ant.(你会认为它们吃任何一种蚂蚁，但它们都更喜欢特定类型的蚂蚁。)”可知，穿山甲实际上对食物很挑剔。由此可知，fussy应意为“挑剔的”。故选A。 3．What's the documentary mainly about? A．The illegal trade of pangolins. B．The medical function of pangolin's scales. C．The life of pangolins in their natural habitats. D．The efforts of Pangolin Africa to save pangolins. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Though the documentary focuses less on the trafficking of pangolins，and more on the animals in their natural habitat...(尽管这部纪录片较少关注穿山甲的非法交易，更多地关注生活在其自然栖息地的穿山甲……)”可知，这部纪录片主要讲了穿山甲在自然栖息地的生活。故选C。 4．Where is the text most likely from? A．A brochure. B．A diary. C．A novel. D．A magazine. 解析　D　文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一部旨在增强公众对穿山甲的保护意识的纪录片。由此可推知，本文最有可能摘自一本杂志。故选D。 B (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you're lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well­being. The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park­goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant's experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves.” Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail. Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. “We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human­nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. 5．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A．Pocket parks are now popular. B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities. C．Many cities are overpopulated. D．People enjoy living close to nature. 6．Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories? A．To compare different types of park­goers. B．To explain why the park attracts tourists. C．To analyze the main features of the park. D．To find patterns in the visitors' summaries. 7．What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5? A．Walking is the best way to gain access to nature. B．Young people are too busy to interact with nature. C．The same nature experience takes different forms. D．The nature language enhances work performance. 8．What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn? A．Language study. B．Environmental conservation. C．Public education. D．Intercultural communication. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。作者通过对一项新的研究结果及其过程的描述，向读者介绍了与大自然互动对人类健康的重要性，同时也指出要保护大自然。 5．解析　B　细节理解题。题干问的是在文章开头作者描述的是什么现象。根据第一段中的“access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find”(城市居民越来越难以接触大自然)以及“it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild”(在一个城市里找到相对天然的地方是罕见的)可知，在城市里很难接触大自然。故B项正确。 6.解析　D　推理判断题。题干问的是研究人员将参与者提交的文件分类的原因。根据第四段第一句话“Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories...began to emerge”(在320份提交的材料中，一种被研究人员称为“自然语言”的类别模式开始出现)可知，研究人员这样做是为了从访客的总结材料中找出类别规律。故D项正确。 7．解析　C　推理判断题。题干问的是我们从第五段所举的例子中可以学到什么。根据第五段所举的例子“the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying...a fountain on their lunch break”可知，年轻的职业人士周末可以在公园徒步旅行，周内可以沿着喷泉散步，用不同的形式去体验自然，即同样的与自然的互动体验会有不同的表现形式。故C项正确。 8．解析　B　细节理解题。题干问的是在我们与大自然互动之前，我们应该做些什么。根据最后一段Kahn的话“And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it”(为了实现这一点，我们还需要保护自然，以便与之互动)可知，我们在与大自然互动以前需要保护自然，故B项正确。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Carol­Anne O'Callaghan，a retired teacher，has spent more than half of her lifetime teaching. This time，she wanted to do something much more 1 . One day in 2021，O'Callaghan was walking her dogs when she 2 yellow dots on all the oak trees along Leather Lane. The dots，she learned，indicated the trees' 3 drew near. The marked trees would make way for a new rail line，which was really a piece of 4 news for her. Planted in the 19th century，they were 5 parts of her childhood. “My family used to picnic under them，” she recalled，“And they meant much.” Unfortunately，they were to be cut down as part of the HS2 high­speed railway projects. O'Callaghan 6 the HS2 helpline，only to be told the 7 couldn't be changed. As a teacher，O'Callaghan often told students，“If something is wrong，you can't 8 and let it happen.” So she started a(n) 9 to save the trees. O'Callaghan went from door to door in the neighborhood， 10 local people to fight for the trees. The locals 11 O'Callaghan. “It's amazing to see someone who shows great 12 for giving a voice to those trees，” said her neighbor Victoria. 13 ，her efforts paid off. HS2 14 an alternative overhead design. And O'Callaghan was nominated(提名) for “Guardian Angel” in recognition of her attempts to 15 nature in the county. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了退休教师奥卡拉汉发起了一场拯救橡树的运动。 1．A.remarkable　　　　　 B．academic C．similar D．profitable 解析　A　根据下文内容可知，奥卡拉汉为了保护橡树做了一些了不起的事情，所以被提名成为守护天使。故选A。 2．A.removed B．painted C．designed D．spotted 解析　D　根据上文“O'Callaghan was walking her dogs”可知，奥卡拉汉遛狗时发现了橡树上的黄色圆点。故选D。 3．A.position B．growth C．misfortune D．protection 解析　C　根据下文“The marked trees would make way for a new rail line”可知，因为这些被标记的树木将为一条新的铁路线让路，所以是不幸的。故选C。 4．A.risk­taking B．eye­catching C．heart­breaking D．life­saving 解析　C　根据下文“Planted in the 19th century，they were 5 parts of her childhood. ‘My family used to picnic under them，’ she recalled，‘And they meant much.’”可知，因为这些树对奥卡拉汉意义重大，所以砍这些树对她来说是心碎的。故选C。 5．A.inseparable B．unimaginable C．inaccessible D．indescribable 解析　A　根据下文“My family used to picnic under them”可知，这些树是奥卡拉汉童年不可分割的一部分。故选A。 6．A.launched B．phoned C．disturbed D．drew 解析　B　根据下文“only to be told the 7 couldn't be changed”可知，奥卡拉汉打电话给HS2服务热线，希望对方能改变决定。故选B。 7．A.style B．promise C．research D．decision 解析　D　根据下文“couldn't be changed”可知，对方告诉奥卡拉汉砍树的决定不能改变。故选D。 8．A.set off B．stand by C．make out D．knock off 解析　B　根据下文“and let it happen”可知，奥卡拉汉经常告诉学生遇到问题不能袖手旁观。故选B。 9．A.competition B．conversation C．campaign D．interview 解析　C　根据下文“O'Callaghan went from door to door in the neighborhood， 10 local people to fight for the trees.”可知，奥卡拉汉发起了一场拯救橡树的运动。 故选C。 10．A.forcing B．permitting C．challenging D．persuading 解析　D　根据上文“O'Callaghan went from door to door in the neighborhood”可知，奥卡拉汉试图说服当地人为保护橡树而战。故选D。 11．A.got along with B．spoke highly of C．laughed at D．turned down 解析　B　根据下文“‘It's amazing to see someone who shows great 12 for giving a voice to those trees，’ said her neighbor Victoria.”可知，当地人对奥卡拉汉称赞不绝。故选B。 12．A.enthusiasm B．gratitude C．sympathy D．potential 解析　A　根据下文“for giving a voice to those trees”可知，看到有人表现出极大的热情为保护这些树而发声，非常令人惊叹。故选A。 13．A.Previously B．Eventually C．Specifically D．Occasionally 解析　B　根据下文“her efforts paid off”可知，最终奥卡拉汉的努力得到了回报。故选B。 14．A.changed B．opposed C．cancelled D．considered 解析　D　根据下文“an alternative overhead design”可知，HS2考虑了避开砍树的另一种架空设计。故选D。 15．A.preserve B．appreciate C．defeat D．approach 解析　A　根据上文可知，奥卡拉汉的所作所为是在保护自然。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$