UNIT 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar(课件PPT)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版2019）

UNIT 2　SUCCESS Section Ⅲ　Grammar 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 目 录 语法精讲·技能培养 01 CONTENTS 03 课时作业·知能达标 02 随堂演练·巩固提升 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 语法精讲·技能培养 01 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 Swimming telling him not to worry Working in these conditions The President's attending the meeting himself Being exposed to the sun for long 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 holding having to see parking having given being 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 organized an activity taking/having a break was caught in a heavy/big rain a great success of an age so kind a teacher/such a kind teacher 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 won the first prize got to the company the poor the television was invented was born in the 1930s 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 on Teachers' Day playing chess was elected monitor Student as he is 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 随堂演练·巩固提升 03 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 The seeing were an the associating a 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 quitting holding the 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 Swimming in the river Failing the exam getting rid of poverty exporting their products reducing our spending All of a sudden 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 in the countryside make the best/most of has a word with his students has a population of 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 课时作业·知能达标 04 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 wanting visiting Having visited 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 recording borrowing the A the 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 Covering spending 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 blocking The a a developing 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 to turn to flow cutting pouring allowing 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 点击进入Word 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 谢谢观看 返回目录 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 英语•选择性必修　第一册(配BSD版) 1 动词­ing形式 一、基本概念 动词­ing形式属于非谓语动词，它保留动词的某些特征，可以带有自己的宾语和状语(连系动词还可带表语)，构成动词­ing形式短语。 二、基本构成 动词­ing形式有时态和语态的变化。它有一般式和完成式两种时态形式，并有被动的形式。动词­ing形式的否定式由not加动词­ing形式构成。 时态形式 句中功能 语态意义 (not) doing(一般式) 主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语 主动 (not) having done(完成式) 宾语、状语 主动 being done(一般式) 主语、宾语、后置定语 被动 having been done(完成式) 宾语、状语 被动 Achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is the greatest dream for the nation in modern times.实现中华民族伟大复兴是当代中国人民最伟大的梦想。 Having watered the vegetables，we began to dig the ground. 浇过蔬菜后，我们开始挖地。 Not knowing her address，we couldn't get in touch with her. 由于不知道她的地址，我们无法与她取得联系。 One never loses by doing a good turn. [谚]善有善报． 三、基本用法 动词­ing形式具有名词、形容词、副词的功能，在句中可用作除谓语以外的所有句子成分，包括主语、宾语、补语、表语、定语和状语，有时还可以用作独立成分，但不能用作谓语。 (一)动词­ing形式作主语 1．动词­ing形式用作名词 在句中作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. 生活没有目标就像航行没有罗盘。 Before everything，getting ready is the secret of success. [谚]做好准备是成功首要秘诀。 2．动词­ing形式的被动语态 being done为动词­ing形式的被动语态，作主语时being不可省略，因为动词­ed形式不能作主语。 Being sent to work in the remote area made her unhappy. 被派往偏僻地区工作令她很不高兴。 Being lost can be a terrifying experience. 迷路真可怕。 3．it作形式主语 为了保持句子平衡，避免头重脚轻，有时可用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词­ing形式后置。 It is no use/good/fun doing sth，It is a waste of time doing sth是用it作形式主语的常用句型。 It is no use buying books but not reading them. 买书而不读是没有意义的。 It is a waste of time arguing about it with him. 和他争论此事毫无意义。 4．动词­ing形式的复合结构作主语 当动词­ing形式有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动词­ing形式的复合结构，这时名词或代词的所有格作动词­ing形式的逻辑主语。动词­ing形式的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。 Tom's marrying Mary made his parents very angry. 汤姆与玛丽结婚使他父母非常生气。 Their coming to help is a great encouragement to us. 他们来帮助对我们是极大的鼓舞。 [即学活用1] 完成句子 ①__________ (游泳)is a good sport in summer. ②It is no use ________________________ (告诉他别担心)． ③___________________________ (在这种条件下工作) is not a pleasure. ④_____________________________________________ (总统亲自参加会议)gave them a great deal of encouragement. ⑤_________________________________ (在阳光下长时间暴晒) is harmful to your health. (二)动词­ing形式作宾语 1．动词­ing形式可以充当部分及物动词的宾语，也可以充当介词的宾语。 Many students enjoy asking questions in English. 很多学生喜欢用英语问问题。 He admitted smoking/having smoked in the hall. 他承认在大厅里抽烟。 After looking at his watch，he hurried to the station. 看了看表后，他匆忙赶往车站。 2．常用动词­ing形式作宾语的动词有： admit doing sth　承认做某事 advise doing sth 建议做某事 allow doing sth 允许做某事 appreciate doing sth 感激做某事 avoid doing sth 避免做某事 consider doing sth 考虑做某事 delay doing sth 推迟做某事 deny doing sth 否认做某事 discuss doing sth 讨论做某事 dislike doing sth 不喜欢做某事 enjoy doing sth 喜爱做某事 escape doing sth 逃脱做某事 excuse doing sth 原谅做某事 fancy doing sth 设想做某事 finish doing sth 完成做某事 forbid doing sth 禁止做某事 forgive doing sth 原谅做某事 give up doing sth 放弃做某事 imagine doing sth 想象做某事 keep doing sth 保持做某事 mention doing sth 提及做某事 mind doing sth 介意做某事 miss doing sth 错过做某事 pardon doing sth 原谅做某事 permit doing sth 允许做某事 practice doing sth 练习做某事 prevent doing sth 阻止做某事 put off doing sth 推迟做某事 risk doing sth 冒险做某事 stop doing sth 停止做某事 suggest doing sth 建议做某事 3．几乎所有介词，都能用动词­ing形式作宾语，其中很多都是固定搭配。 (1)动词­ing形式作介词的宾语 be interested in doing 对……感兴趣 be good at doing 擅长 be tired of doing 厌倦 set about doing 着手，开始 dream of doing 梦想 spend some time (in) doing sth　花时间做某事 (2)动词­ing形式作介词to的宾语 look forward to doing 期待 get/be used to doing 习惯 be accustomed to doing 习惯于 get down to doing 着手 be devoted to doing 专心于 object to doing 反对 be opposed to doing 反对 lead to doing 导致 4．下列动词或短语既可以跟动词­ing形式作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。 (1)like，love，prefer如表示经常性的行为后接动词­ing形式；如表示具体的行为常用动词不定式，但要注意：如果like，love，prefer前有would，后面则接动词不定式。 Would you like to go shopping with me? 你愿意和我一起去购物吗？ (2)下列几组词接动词­ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同。 forget doing sth　忘记已做过某事 forget to do sth　忘记要做某事 remember doing sth　 记得做过某事 remember to do sth　 记住要做某事 mean doing sth　意思是，意味着 mean to do sth　打算做 regret doing sth　后悔做过某事 regret to do sth　遗憾要做某事 can't help doing sth　禁不住做 can't help(to)do sth　不能帮忙做 [名师点津] 动词不定式形式用于动词后通常表示以后要发生的动作；而动词­ing用在动词后则表示已发生或常态的动作。 (3)在allow，permit，advise等动词后直接跟动词­ing形式作宾语，如果这些词后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后要用动词不定式作宾语补足语。 We don't allow smoking in the school. 我们不允许在学校抽烟。 We don't allow students to smoke. 我们不允许学生抽烟。 (4)动词need，require，want用作“需要”时，其后用动词­ing的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，这时动词­ing的主动形式表被动意义。 Your coat wants washing.＝Your coat wants to be washed. 你的外套需要洗了。 [即学活用2] 单句语法填空 ①Bill suggested _______ (hold) a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. ②I really appreciate ______ (have) time to relax with you on this nice island. ③She pretended not ______ (see)me when I passed by. ④As a new driver，I have to practice _______ (park)the car in my small garage again and again. ⑤Thanks for ____________ (give)me so much help. ⑥I knew nothing about the window _____(be) open. 冠词 一、基本概念 英语中冠词分为两类：不定冠词和定冠词。不定冠词有a，an；定冠词有the。 二、语法规则 (一)不定冠词a/an 用法 例句 表示类指或某类中的“任何一个” A virus is a very small living thing that causes disease. An honest man never feels sorry. 表示泛指“某个”。当说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词；或由不定冠词构成的名词词组往往带有不确定的含义，相当于a cer­tain；或专有名词前加不定冠词，表示具有某种特性的人或物、某一位不认识的人或某个不确定的时间 I have a question to ask you. In a sense what you said is true. All of a sudden, she burst into tears. Experts think that the recently discovered painting may be a Picasso. 表示量指。不定冠词表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有one强烈 Suddenly they heard a loud voice. My father has just bought an orchard. 表示“每”，相当于per，用在表示价格、速度、频率等的短语中 Prices start at ￡13.95 a yard for printed cotton. 用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，使之具体化。表示“一种……的人或事” He suddenly appeared on a rainy night, which was a great surprise to us. 不定冠词用于序数词前，表示“再一，又一” Live a good, honorable life.Then when you get older and think back, you'll get to enjoy it a second time. 不定冠词表示“一份”等 He ordered a coffee to keep awake. [即学活用3] 完成句子 ①Last week our class _____________________ (组织了一次活动)to thank our teachers before graduation. ②In my opinion，_____________________ (休息一会) between classes is necessary. ③On half way to school，I ______________________________(赶在大雨里)． ④Our school sports meeting is _______________(非常成功)． ⑤The two boys are _________(同一年龄)． ⑥Never have I met _____________________________________(如此善良的老师) like him. (二)定冠词 用法 例句 表示特指的人或物，或者双方都知道的或心中都明确的人或物，或者指上文已经提到过的人或事物。 Take your time—it's just a short distance from here to the restaurant. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前。 The earth goes around the sun. 用于序数词或形容词、副词的最高级前。 Is this the first time that you have visited Qingdao？ 用在表示姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人或夫妻俩；或用于形容词或分词前，表示某一类人或物。 The explosion saw people rush to help the injured. 用在世纪前或用在逢十的年代前，后者表示“在某世纪几十年代”。 It's said that corn was grown a lot in Tibet in the 17th century. 表示发明物的单数词 Who invented the bell？ [即学活用4] 完成句子 ①He took part in the English Speech Contest and ___________________(获得一等奖)． ②I was caught in heavy traffic and late when I __________________(到达公司)． ③He gave away large amounts of money to help ________(穷人)． ④Do you know when ___________________________(电视发明)? ⑤The old scientist _____________________(出生于20世纪30年代)． (三)零冠词 用法 例句 专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词 He is living in Canada now. 季节、月份、星期、节假日、一日三餐前一般不加冠词 We usually have breakfast at 7 o'clock. 语言、学科名称、球类运动、棋类游戏等名词前不用冠词 I'm interested in English. 表示头衔和职务的名词作表语、同位语或补足语时，其前通常不用冠词 Dr.Peter Spence, headmaster of the school, told us，“A fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford or Cambridge.” 系动词turn(变成)后的单数名词作表语不用冠词 His brother has turned writer. “(零冠词＋)单数名词/形容词最高级＋as/though(＋主语＋谓语)”，意为“尽管……但是……” Hero as/though he is, he has some shortcomings. [即学活用5] 完成句子 ①Shall we go to visit our former teacher ________________(在教师节那天)． ②The old men were _____________(下棋)when I got there. ③He ___________________(被选为班长)of our class. ④________________(尽管他是个学生)，he earns a lot of money by selling goods online. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．___ village where she was born has turned into a town. 2．My favorite part was ______(see) the grizzly bear in the mountains. 3．Reading and writing ____(be) both my hobbies when I was young. 4．Even his competitors have to admit that he is __ outstanding triathlete. 5．Experts think that ____recently discovered painting may be a Picasso. 6．It is no good ___________(associate) with such a person，who is so selfish. 7．In order to find a better job，he decided to study _ second foreign language. 8．Have you considered ________(quit) your profession career because of injuries? 9．They had to delay _______(hold) the sports meeting on account of the bad weather. 10．As is known to all, the People's Republic of China is ___ biggest developing country. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．_____________________(在这条河里游泳) when I was a child was a great pleasure. 2．________________(考试不及格) caused her great trouble in finding a job. 3．People in poor areas have been looking forward to ______________________ (摆脱贫穷)． 4．The company is considering ________________________ (出口产品)． 5．Tom suggested _____________________ (消减我们的开支)． 6．_______________(突然)，a rainstorm came，pouring cats and dogs. 7．He once worked __________________(在农村)，living in an old shabby house. 8．The student in the school can______________________(充分利用) their time. 9．The headteacher often ____________________________(和他的学生谈话) and encourages them to build up confidence. 10．The town ___________________(拥有……人口) 10,000，most of whom are farmers. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _______(want) more next time. 2．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ________(visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. 3．(2023·全国乙卷) ______________(visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co­existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 4．(2023·全国乙卷) As a photographer, I have spent the last two years _________ (record) everything I discovered. 5．(2023·全国甲卷) “There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co­existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins，_________(borrow) some familiar words from many age­old fables. 6．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) Not the pandas, even though ___ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 7．_ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. 8．To celebrate ___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. 9．________(cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 10．After ________(spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history! Ⅱ.语法填空 The truth that trees are vital to our life is not a secret.They provide us with food，wood and most importantly，oxygen.Now there is one more thing we can add to this list—1.________(block) out harmful bacteria from water. 2．___ discovery was made by 3._ team made up of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) and high school students who were seeking 4._ natural water filter－one that would help communities in 5.__________(develop) countries that do not have access to modern water filter systems. The researchers，led by Professor Rohit Karnik, decided 6._______(turn) to trees for help because they could allow liquid 7._______(flow)through，while blocking out air bubbles. They began by 8._______(cut)1.5­inch­wide sections of tree bark from the branches of a white pine tree.The people related then tested the wood's filtering ability by 9._______(pour) water containing red dye particles of different sizes through.To their amazement，they found that it was effective in trapping all the articles.The team conducted another experiment，this time with water that contained bacteria.Sure enough，the sapwood held back 99% of the bacteria,10.________(allow) only 1% to flow through. $$