精品解析：2019年广东省普通高等学校招收中等职业学校毕业生统一考试英语试题

2019年广东省普通高等学校招收中等职业学校毕业生统一考试 英语 I. 补全对话（5小题，共10分） 阅读下列简短对话：从A、B、C、D中选出最佳答案，将对话补全。 例：M: How’s everything going? W: ________ Fine, thanks. How are you doing? A. I’m 16. B. Yes, it is good. C. See you then. D. Oh, not too bad. 答案是D。 1. M: Have a nice weekend! W: Thanks. ________. A. All right B. You too C. You’re so kind D. With pleasure 2. M: What does Mary look like? W: ________ A. She likes smiling B. She likes dancing C. She’s tall D. She’s friendly 3. W: So kind of you to help me with the luggage. M: ________. A. I like it B. It’s my duty C. Never mind D. My pleasure 4. M: What a beautiful cup you’ve bought! W: ________. A. Not at all B. Thank you C. You’re great D. I don’t believe it 5. M: I will have an English test tomorrow. W: ________. A. Good luck B. Best wishes C. Well done D. It’s a pity II. 词汇与语法（20小题，共40分） （A）从A、B、C、D中选出句中画线的单词或词组的意义。 例：________ had enough time to do the work. A. 很短的 C. 很长的 B. 一半的 D. 足够的 答案是D。 6. Let me simplify matters by giving you my answer now. A. 简化 B. 确定 C. 明晰 D. 解释 7. The strength of this travel plan is its low cost. A 强度 B. 特点 C. 优点 D. 力气 8. Doctors don’t go out very often as their work takes up almost all their time. A. 消磨 B. 浪费 C. 安排 D. 占用 9. Niagara Falls is a great tourist attraction, drawing millions of visitors from all over the world every year. A. 项目 B. 线路 C. 规划 D. 景点 10. Terry, please look up from your cell phone when Grandma is talking to you. A. 抬头看 B. 回头看 C. 寻找 D. 关闭 11. Shakespeare’s writing is still popular today. It has stood the test of time. A. 面临 B. 经受 C. 提出 D. 构成 12. The police take advantage of dogs’ sharp sense of smell to search for things. A. 迅速的 B. 高级的 C. 理智的 D. 灵敏的 13. It was increasingly clear to us that there was a problem. A. 无比地 B. 惊人地 C. 越发地 D. 特别地 14. The postman must deliver the mail, however bad the weather is. A. 投递 B. 邮寄 C. 撰写 D. 处理 15. Managers must set targets that are realistic. A. 宏大的 B. 务实的 C. 理想的 D. 遥远的 （B）从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 例：It ________ me a long time to finish my homework last night A. take B. took C. has taken D. had taken 答案是B。 16. Please turn to ________ page and read the story. A. two B. second C. the second D. the two 17. Water is important and no one can live ________ it. A. besides B. by C. except D. without 18. I like playing football ________ he likes playing basketball. A. when B. because C. while D. as 19. He seldom showed his feelings in public, ________ he? A. did B. didn’t C. was D. wasn’t 20. There are so many toys in the shop. We can’t decide ________. A. what to buy B. when to buy C. where to buy D. how to buy 21. He is the person ________ I can turn when I need help. A. whom B. to whom C. who D. on whom 22. His suggestion ________ we should get there by bus is acceptable. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 23. I have two friends. But ________ of them has a bike to lend to me. A. either B. neither C. none D. all 24. There were 200 students ________ part in the sports meet yesterday. A. taken B. took C. take D. taking 25. ________, he finished the work all by himself. A. Surprised B. Surprising C. Surprisingly D. Surprise III. 完形填空（15小题，共30分） 阅读下列短文，并掌握其大意。然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。 Good ideas often start with a really silly question. One day, when Bill Bowerman was making waffles (华夫饼), he ____26____ what would happen if he poured rubber into his waffleiron. Later, he tried it and the ____27____ looked something like the bottom of most sports shoes we see today. When he took this ____28____ to several shoe companies, he was ____29____. In fact, every single company ____30____ his idea. Though rather discouraged, Bowerman went on to ____31____ his own company, making NIKE sports shoes. Sometimes good ideas grow out of frustration (沮丧). When Fred Smith was a student at Yale University, he needed to have some paperwork ____32____ across the country the next day. But Smith found out that overnight delivery was ____33____. He wondered why there could not be such kind of ____34____ to have mails delivered within a short time. He decided to design one. Smith did so and turned his design into a class project. His business professor gave him only a C for his efforts. ____35____, Smith did not lose heart. He improved the design and ____36____ turned it into one of the first and most successful overnight mail services in the world-FedEx. We know today that each of these ideas led to a ____37____ product or service that has changed the way we live. The best questions are usually open-ended and are often ____38____. Children are not afraid to ask such questions, but ____39____ often are. Think how ____40____ the world might be if people never asked “silly” questions! 26. A. wondered B. knew C. learned D. decided 27. A. cookies B. works C. result D. iron 28. A. question B. idea C. shoe D. food 29. A. shouted at B. stared at C. pointed at D. laughed at 30. A. changed B. praised C. refused D. had 31. A. close B. start C. visit D. sell 32. A. mailed B. printed C. known D. spread 33. A. expensive B. reasonable C. impossible D. regular 34. A. paperwork B. homework C. project D. service 35. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Then 36. A. finally B. easily C. hopefully D. possibly 37. A. funny B. terrible C. traditional D. successful 38. A. valuable B. common C. silly D. perfect 39. A. adults B. students C. designers D. workers 40. A. beautiful B. different C. peaceful D. fair IV. 阅读理解（15小题，共30分） 阅读下列短文，并做短文后的题目。从四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。 A In the town of Whitesburg, Mick Polly, who owns a toy business, is known as the bikeman. Over the past five years, Mick has built hundreds of bicycles for kids who need them. One day in 2011, a 13-year-old boy with a broken bike walked by Mick’s house. “I was working in my garage, and he asked if I could fix it.” says Mick. Mick asked the boy to leave the bike with him and he then sent an online message to look for some used bicycle parts. The town’s former police chief saw the message and donated two used bicycles to him. Mick took parts from each to fix a new set of wheels for the boy. Soon after, Mick repaired a bike for the boy’s brother and rebuilt one for his sister. Word spread, and within a year, he had fixed up dozens of bikes for local kids whose parents could not afford to buy new ones. “People were dropping off bikes,” says Mick. He stores the bikes and bike parts in his garage. “I take off good wheels, seats or bells and use them.” Up to now, the bike man has repaired hundreds of bicycles and given away nearly 700 rebuilt ones. The bikes are free for the kids only if they promise two things: they have to remember those who offer the bike parts and they have to study hard in school. Mick also hopes that bikes will get kids off sofas. “Hopefully these kids can get some exercise,” he says. 41 Who does Mick build bikes for? A. Teachers. B. Himself. C. Parents. D. Children. 42. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “donated” in Paragraph 3? A. Lent. B. Gave. C. Showed. D. Sold. 43. Mick keeps bikes in his garage because he ________. A. can get useful parts B. enjoys collecting them C. can save money D. hopes to sell them 44. If kids want to get bikes from Mick free, they have to ________. A. become top students B. admire their teachers C. work hard in school D. respect their parents 45. What kind of person is Mick? A. Strict. B. Humorous. C. Serious. D. Warm-hearted. B The word “hot” usually means “having a lot of heat”. Many people think that “cold” is something completely separated from heat. But this is not true. “Cold” simply means “having a little heat”. Your life depends on heat. In fact every living thing depends on it. Without heat, every living thing would be frozen to death. All living things get their heat from the sun, which provides the conditions in which life is possible. Since the very beginning of history, man has been able to make his own heat. He has been able to release the sun’s heat that is hidden in things such as wood, coal and oil. And he has been able to use this heat. Heat has made civilization (文明) possible. With heat, man could melt metals. As man learned to use metals and fuels, industries grew. As a result, engines were invented. These are machines that change heat energy into mechanical energy. Engines can do the work of many men. Without engines, industrial civilization is impossible. Yet although the first engines were built in the 17th century, men were still wondering about the nature of heat. “What is it?” they asked. Not until the early years of the 19th century did they find the right answer. 46. What can we learn about “cold” and “heat” according to Paragraph 1? A. “Cold” has nothing to do with “heat”. B. Coldness and heat are two separate things. C. Coldness and heat are related in some way. D. “Cold” is as important as “heat” to people. 47. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A. Life is better without heat. B. Life is impossible without heat. C. Life is better if there is more heat. D. Life is impossible in the cold season. 48. Which is the most important for industrial civilization according to the passage? A. Metal. B. Engine. C. Fuel. D. Heat. 49. When did people find the nature of heat? A. From the beginning of this century. B. At the end of last century. C. In the 19th century. D. In the 17th century. 50. What is the best title of the passage? A. Industrial Civilization. B. The Form of Heat. C. Hot and Cold. D. Nature of Heat. C One night in December 2011, a bear came into the city of Vancouver in Canada. It walked through the city streets. Then it found some food outside a restaurant and started eating. In the morning, someone saw the bear and called the police. The police came and took it to the mountains outside the city. Luckily, the bear was safe. But what happens in other countries when big animals come into cities? In Moscow in Russia, there are 35,000 homeless dogs. The dogs live in parks, markets and train stations. Some dogs live in groups and others live alone. Many people in Moscow like the dogs. They give them food and water. Some people make small houses for the dogs in their gardens. This helps the dogs in winter, when the temperature in Moscow is -10℃ and there is a lot of snow and ice. In Cape Town in South Africa, large monkeys come into the city when they are hungry. They go into gardens and eat fruits from trees. They even go into houses and take food from fridges! They are strong animals and they might frighten people. But the city can be dangerous for them too. Sometimes, cars and buses kill the big monkeys in accidents. Human food is very bad for their teeth because it has a lot of sugar. Now, there are Monkey Monitors working in Cape Town. Their job is to find monkeys in the city and return them to the mountains. Of course, small animals like cats are seen every day in the cities, but they are usually harmless. When big animals come into cities to find food, however, they can be dangerous. We need to find ways of stopping them coming into the city without hurting them. 51. What did the person in Vancouver do when he saw the bear? A. He called the police. B. He called friends for help. C. He drove it away. D. He took it to mountains. 52. What do people in Moscow do for dogs in the gardens? A. They make snowmen. B. They plant trees. C. They build small houses. D. They find partners. 53. Large monkeys in Cape Town sometimes die from ________. A. sweet food B. car accidents C. great hunger D. harmful food 54. Big animals often come to cities to ________. A. destroy gardens B. find a place to live C. have a walk D. look for food 55. The author suggests that we should prevent big animals entering cities but not ________. A. hurt them B. frighten them C. kill them D. protect them V. 语法填空（10小题，共15分） 阅读下面短文，按句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 During my second month of nursing school, Professor Smith gave us a test, I did it smoothly until I read the last question: “What is the name of the ____56____ (clean) in this building?” ____57____ (sure), this was some kind of joke. I had seen the woman several ____58____ (time), but how could I know her name? ____59____ (leave) the last question blank, I handed ____60____ my paper. Before class ended, one student asked ____61____ the last question would affect ____62____ (we) test result. “Absolutely, “said ____63____ professor. “In your future life you ____64____ (meet) many people. All are _____65_____ (importance). They deserve (值得) your attention and care, even if all you do is smile and say ‘hello’. ” I have never forgotten that lesson. VI. 完成句子（5小题，共15分） 根据所给汉语提示，完成英语句子。 66. I am satisfied with ___________ (他所说的话). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 67. My duty is ___________ (照顾这些孩子们). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 68. We were all excited at the news that ___________ (我们的校队赢了). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 69. The more you read, ___________ (你懂的就越多). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 70. Only in this way ___________ (你才能完成任务). (根据汉语提示完成句子) VII. 应用写作（1小题，共10分） 71. 【写作内容】你是班长李明。你们班将于下周日到森林公园野餐，定于当天上午九点钟在校门口集合，乘公共汽车前往。请你用英语给班上的外国留学生写一封电子邮件，告知上述安排。 【写作要求】正文40个英文单词，文中不可出现你自己的真实姓名、学校等信息。 【评分标准】信息完整，语言规范，语篇连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2019年广东省普通高等学校招收中等职业学校毕业生统一考试 英语 I. 补全对话（5小题，共10分） 阅读下列简短对话：从A、B、C、D中选出最佳答案，将对话补全。 例：M: How’s everything going? W: ________ Fine, thanks. How are you doing? A. I’m 16. B. Yes, it is good. C. See you then. D. Oh, not too bad. 答案是D。 1. M: Have a nice weekend! W: Thanks. ________. A. All right B. You too C. You’re so kind D. With pleasure 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：男：祝你周末愉快！女：谢谢。你也是。A. All right好的；B. You too你也一样；C. You’re so kind你真好；D. With pleasure可以、愿意效劳。根据“Have a nice weekend!”可知，此处是对祝福作应答，周末是共同的假日，此处应是说“也祝你周末愉快”，“You too”符合。故选B。 2. M: What does Mary look like? W: ________. A. She likes smiling B. She likes dancing C. She’s tall D. She’s friendly 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：男：玛丽长什么样？女：她很高。A. She likes smiling她喜欢笑；B. She likes dancing她喜欢跳舞；C. She’s tall她个子高；D. She’s friendly她很友好。根据“What does Mary look like?”可知，此处应回答外貌。故选C。 3. W: So kind of you to help me with the luggage. M: ________. A. I like it B. It’s my duty C. Never mind D. My pleasure 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：女：非常感谢您帮我搬行李。男：我的荣幸。A. I like it我喜欢它；B. It’s my duty这是我的职责；C. Never mind没关系；D. My pleasure我的荣幸。根据“So kind of you to help me with the luggage.”可知，回应对方的道谢可用my pleasure。故选D。 4. M: What a beautiful cup you’ve bought! W: ________. A. Not at all B. Thank you C. You’re great D. I don’t believe it 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：男：你买了多好看的一个杯子啊！女：谢谢。A. Not at all别客气；B. Thank you谢谢；C. You’re great你好棒；D. I don’t believe it我不信。根据上文What a beautiful cup you’ve bought可知，此处是对赞美作出回应，应答“谢谢”。故选B。 5. M: I will have an English test tomorrow. W: ________. A. Good luck B. Best wishes C. Well done D. It’s a pity 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：男：明天我要参加英语测试了。女：祝你好运。A. Good luck祝你好运；B. Best wishes深深祝福；C. Well done干得漂亮；D. It’s a pity好遗憾。根据上句I will have an English test tomorrow可知，此处应祝对方考试成功，好运。故选A。 II. 词汇与语法（20小题，共40分） （A）从A、B、C、D中选出句中画线的单词或词组的意义。 例：________ had enough time to do the work. A. 很短的 C. 很长的 B. 一半的 D. 足够的 答案是D。 6. Let me simplify matters by giving you my answer now. A. 简化 B. 确定 C. 明晰 D. 解释 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：现在让我给你答案来简化问题。形容词simple意为“简单的”，其动词形式simplify意为“简化”。故选A。 7. The strength of this travel plan is its low cost. A. 强度 B. 特点 C. 优点 D. 力气 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个旅行计划的优势在于成本低廉。名词strength意为“优点，优势”。故选C。 8. Doctors don’t go out very often as their work takes up almost all their time. A. 消磨 B. 浪费 C. 安排 D. 占用 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：医生们不经常出门，因为工作占去了他们所有的时间。动词短语take up意为“占用”。故选D。 9. Niagara Falls is a great tourist attraction, drawing millions of visitors from all over the world every year. A. 项目 B. 线路 C. 规划 D. 景点 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：尼亚加拉大瀑布是著名的旅游胜地，每年吸引来自世界各地的数百万游客。名词attraction意为“景点”。故选D。 10. Terry, please look up from your cell phone when Grandma is talking to you. A. 抬头看 B. 回头看 C. 寻找 D. 关闭 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：泰瑞，奶奶跟你说话的时候，请放下手机抬头看。动词短语look up意为“抬头看”。故选A。 11. Shakespeare’s writing is still popular today. It has stood the test of time. A. 面临 B. 经受 C. 提出 D. 构成 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：莎士比亚的作品至今仍然广受欢迎，经受住了时间的考验。stood为stand的过去式，动词stand意为“经受”。故选B。 12. The police take advantage of dogs’ sharp sense of smell to search for things. A. 迅速的 B. 高级的 C. 理智的 D. 灵敏的 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：警方利用狗灵敏的嗅觉来搜寻物品。形容词sharp意为“灵敏的，敏锐的”。故选D。 13. It was increasingly clear to us that there was a problem. A. 无比地 B. 惊人地 C. 越发地 D. 特别地 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：我们越来越清楚地认识到存在一个问题。副词increasingly意为“越发地”。故选C。 14. The postman must deliver the mail, however bad the weather is. A. 投递 B. 邮寄 C. 撰写 D. 处理 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：无论天气多么恶劣，邮递员都必须投递邮件。动词deliver意为“deliver”。故选A。 15. Managers must set targets that are realistic. A. 宏大的 B. 务实的 C. 理想的 D. 遥远的 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：经理人必须设立务实的目标。realistic：务实的，形容词。故选B。 （B）从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 例：It ________ me a long time to finish my homework last night. A take B. took C. has taken D. had taken 答案是B。 16. Please turn to ________ page and read the story. A. two B. second C. the second D. the two 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查序数词。句意：请翻到第二页，读故事。根据“the+序数词+名词”的结构，two的序数词为second,意为“第二”，序数词表顺序时，前面加the，名词在后。故选C。 17. Water is important and no one can live ________ it. A. besides B. by C. except D. without 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：水很重要，没有水无人能生存。A. besides而且；B. by通过；C. except除了；D. without没有。根据“Water is important and no one can live ... it.”可知，它表明如果没有水，没有人能够存活，故用without。故选D。 18. I like playing football ________ he likes playing basketball. A. when B. because C. while D. as 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：我喜欢踢足球，而他喜欢打篮球。A. when当……时；B. because因为；C. while而；D. as由于。此处用while表示对比两件事物，意为“而……”。故选C。 19. He seldom showed his feelings in public, ________ he? A. did B. didn’t C. was D. wasn’t 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：他很少在公共场合表露自己的感情，不是吗？前面的陈述句中有“seldom”，表示否定，所以后面的疑问部分要用肯定形式。句子的谓语动词是“showed”，是实义动词的过去式，所以疑问部分要用助动词“did”，因此，疑问部分应该是“did he”。故选A。 20. There are so many toys in the shop. We can’t decide ________. A. what to buy B. when to buy C. where to buy D. how to buy 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查疑问词+不定式的用法。句意：商店里有这么多玩具。我们不知道该买什么。根据“There are so many toys in the shop. We can’t decide...”可知，玩具很多，不知道买什么。故选A。 21. He is the person ________ I can turn when I need help. A. whom B. to whom C. who D. on whom 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当我需要帮助时，他就是我可以求助的人。“turn to”是一个固定短语，意思是“向……求助”。分析句子可知，“...I can turn”为定语从句，在定语从句中，先行词“the person”，指人，在从句中作“turn to”的宾语，所以要用“whom”，故填to whom。故选B。 22. His suggestion ________ we should get there by bus is acceptable. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：他建议我们乘公共汽车去那里，这是可以接受的。分析句子可知，“...we should get there by bus”是同位语从句，suggestion，news，facts等词后的同位语从句用that引导，且不可以省略，用来说明名词的主要内容。故选A。 23. I have two friends. But ________ of them has a bike to lend to me. A. either B. neither C. none D. all 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：我有两个朋友。但是他们都没自行车能借我。A. either两者之一；B. neither两者都不；C. none三者或以上没有一个；D. all三者或以上全都。根据two friends可知，them指代两人；根据but可知，此处表示两者都不，应用neither。故选B。 24. There were 200 students ________ part in the sports meet yesterday. A. taken B. took C. take D. taking 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨天有200名学生参加运动会。分析句子结构可知，句子已有主谓语There were，设空处应用非谓语动词。take part in与其逻辑主语students之间是主谓关系，要用动词的现在分词形式。故选D。 25. ________, he finished the work all by himself. A. Surprised B. Surprising C. Surprisingly D. Surprise 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查副词的用法。句意：令人惊讶地，他以一己之力完成了工作。分析句子可知，此处是状语成分，应用副词Surprisingly。故选C。 III. 完形填空（15小题，共30分） 阅读下列短文，并掌握其大意。然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。 Good ideas often start with a really silly question. One day, when Bill Bowerman was making waffles (华夫饼), he ____26____ what would happen if he poured rubber into his waffleiron. Later, he tried it and the ____27____ looked something like the bottom of most sports shoes we see today. When he took this ____28____ to several shoe companies, he was ____29____. In fact, every single company ____30____ his idea. Though rather discouraged, Bowerman went on to ____31____ his own company, making NIKE sports shoes. Sometimes good ideas grow out of frustration (沮丧). When Fred Smith was a student at Yale University, he needed to have some paperwork ____32____ across the country the next day. But Smith found out that overnight delivery was ____33____. He wondered why there could not be such kind of ____34____ to have mails delivered within a short time. He decided to design one. Smith did so and turned his design into a class project. His business professor gave him only a C for his efforts. ____35____, Smith did not lose heart. He improved the design and ____36____ turned it into one of the first and most successful overnight mail services in the world-FedEx. We know today that each of these ideas led to a ____37____ product or service that has changed the way we live. The best questions are usually open-ended and are often ____38____. Children are not afraid to ask such questions, but ____39____ often are. Think how ____40____ the world might be if people never asked “silly” questions! 26. A. wondered B. knew C. learned D. decided 27. A. cookies B. works C. result D. iron 28. A. question B. idea C. shoe D. food 29. A. shouted at B. stared at C. pointed at D. laughed at 30. A. changed B. praised C. refused D. had 31. A. close B. start C. visit D. sell 32. A. mailed B. printed C. known D. spread 33. A. expensive B. reasonable C. impossible D. regular 34. A. paperwork B. homework C. project D. service 35. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Then 36. A. finally B. easily C. hopefully D. possibly 37 A. funny B. terrible C. traditional D. successful 38. A. valuable B. common C. silly D. perfect 39. A. adults B. students C. designers D. workers 40. A. beautiful B. different C. peaceful D. fair 【答案】26. A 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过一些名人创业的小故事，告诉我们精彩的点子往往来自愚蠢的问题。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当Bill Bowerman在做华夫饼时，他想知道要是把橡胶倒进饼模里会发生什么。A. wondered想知道；B. knew知道，了解；C. learned了解，学到；D. decided决定。根据宾语what would happen可知，他想知道会发生何事。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他尝试了一下，做出的饼干就像我们现在看到的大多数运动鞋的鞋底。A. cookies饼干；B. works作品；C. result结果；D. iron铁。根据上文“when Bill Bowerman was making waffles (当Bill Bowerman在做华夫饼时)”可知，他做出的是饼干。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他带着他的创意去了几家鞋类公司，他被嘲笑了。A. question问题；B. idea想法，创意；C. shoe鞋；D. food食物。根据上文“Later, he tried it and the cookies looked something like the bottom of most sports shoes we see today. (后来，他尝试了一下，做出的饼干就像我们现在看到的大多数运动鞋的鞋底。)”可知，他带着这个想法去找了鞋类公司。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他带着他的创意去了几家鞋类公司，他被嘲笑了。A. shouted at喊叫；B. stared at凝视；C. pointed at指着；D. laughted at嘲笑。根据下文“Though rather discouraged (尽管很泄气)”可知，他被嘲笑了。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，每家公司都拒绝了他的想法。A. changed改变；B. praised表扬；C. refused拒绝；D. had拥有。根据上文“he was laughted at (他被嘲笑了)”可知，公司不接受他的想法。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管很泄气，Bowerman还是继续着手开创自己的公司，生产NIKE运动鞋。A. close关掉；B. start开始；C. visit拜访；D. sell卖。根据Though rather discouraged可知，他没有泄气，而是继续开始自己的事业。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Fred Smith还是耶鲁大学的学生时，他需要在第二天把一些纸质文件寄到全国各地。A. mailed邮寄；B. printed印刷；C. known知道；D. spread传播。根据下文“have mails delivered (寄出邮件)”可知，此处是把邮件寄出去。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但Smith发现隔夜寄送是不可能的。A. expensive昂贵的；B. reasonable合理的；C. impossble不可能的；D. regular有规律的。根据下文“He wondered why there could not be such kind of…to have mails delivered within a short time. (他很奇怪为什么没有这样一种……能在短时间内邮寄信件。)”可知，当时要隔夜寄送是不可能的。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他很奇怪为什么没有这样一种服务，能在短时间内邮寄信件。A. paperwork文书工作；B. homework回家作业；C. project项目；D. service服务。根据to have mails delivered within a short time可知，这是一项服务内容。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，Smith没有失去信心。A. Besides此外；B. However然而；C. Therefore于是；D. Then那么。根据上文“His business professor gave him only a C for his efforts. (他的经济学教授只给他的努力打了C。)”可知，他没有失去信心，此处是转折关系。故选B。 【36题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他改良了设计，终于将它变成世界上第一个也是最成功的隔夜邮寄服务——联邦快递。A. finally最后；B. easily轻松地；C. hopefully有希望地；D. possibly可能地。根据“turned it into one of the first and most successful overnight mail services (把它变成了最早也是最成功的隔夜邮件服务之一)”可知，他几经周折终于创建了联邦快递。故选A。 【37题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天我们知道，每一个想法都带来了成功的产品或服务，改变了我们的生活。A. funny好笑的；B. terrible可怕的；C. traditional传统的；D. successful成功的。根据these ideas可知，此处指上文的成功案例，故选D。 【38题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最好的问题是没有限制的，通常也是愚蠢的。A. valuable有价值的；B. common普通的；C. silly愚蠢的；D. perfect完美的。根据下文“if people never asked “silly” questions (如果人们从不问“愚蠢”的问题)”结合全文内容可知，最好的问题往往看起来有点愚蠢，故选C。 【39题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：小孩子敢问这些问题，但是大人们通常不敢问。A. adults成年人；B. students学生；C. designers设计师；D. workers工人。根据children可知，此处表示对比，用adults。故选A。 【40题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：设想一下，要是人们从来不问这些“愚蠢”问题话，世界会是多么的不同啊！A. beautiful美丽的；B. different不同的；C. peaceful和平的；D. fair公平的。根据上文“We know today that each of these ideas led to a successful product or service that has changed the way we live. (今天我们知道，每一个想法都带来了成功的产品或服务，改变了我们的生活。)”可知，是这些想法改变了生活，如果没有它们，世界又是另外的模样。故选B。 IV. 阅读理解（15小题，共30分） 阅读下列短文，并做短文后的题目。从四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。 A In the town of Whitesburg, Mick Polly, who owns a toy business, is known as the bikeman. Over the past five years, Mick has built hundreds of bicycles for kids who need them. One day in 2011, a 13-year-old boy with a broken bike walked by Mick’s house. “I was working in my garage, and he asked if I could fix it.” says Mick. Mick asked the boy to leave the bike with him and he then sent an online message to look for some used bicycle parts. The town’s former police chief saw the message and donated two used bicycles to him. Mick took parts from each to fix a new set of wheels for the boy. Soon after, Mick repaired a bike for the boy’s brother and rebuilt one for his sister. Word spread, and within a year, he had fixed up dozens of bikes for local kids whose parents could not afford to buy new ones. “People were dropping off bikes,” says Mick. He stores the bikes and bike parts in his garage. “I take off good wheels, seats or bells and use them.” Up to now, the bike man has repaired hundreds of bicycles and given away nearly 700 rebuilt ones. The bikes are free for the kids only if they promise two things: they have to remember those who offer the bike parts and they have to study hard in school. Mick also hopes that bikes will get kids off sofas. “Hopefully these kids can get some exercise,” he says. 41. Who does Mick build bikes for? A. Teachers. B. Himself. C. Parents. D. Children. 42. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “donated” in Paragraph 3? A. Lent. B. Gave. C. Showed. D. Sold. 43. Mick keeps bikes in his garage because he ________. A. can get useful parts B. enjoys collecting them C. can save money D. hopes to sell them 44. If kids want to get bikes from Mick free, they have to ________. A. become top students B. admire their teachers C. work hard in school D. respect their parents 45. What kind of person is Mick? A. Strict. B. Humorous. C. Serious. D. Warm-hearted. 【答案】41. D 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了在 Whitesburg 镇，拥有玩具生意的 Mick Polly 被称为“自行车人”。在过去的五年里，他为有需要的孩子建造了数百辆自行车。他通过收集旧自行车零件为孩子们修理和重建自行车，并且免费送给那些父母买不起新自行车的孩子，只要孩子们承诺记住提供自行车零件的人并努力学习。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Over the past five years, Mick has built hundreds of bicycles for kids who need them. (在过去的五年里，米克为需要的孩子们制造了数百辆自行车。)”可知，米克为孩子们制造自行车。故选D。 【42题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“The town’s former police chief saw the message and donated two used bicycles to him. (该镇的前警察局长看到了这条信息，并向他捐赠了两辆二手自行车。)”中的“two used bicycles (两辆被使用过的自行车)”可猜测出，donated意为“捐赠”，B选项“给予”意思相近。故选B。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“I take off good wheels, seats or bells and use them. (我把好的轮子、座椅或铃铛拆下来并使用它们。)”可知，米克把自行车放在车库里，因为他可以从中获得有用的零件。故选A。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“The bikes are free for the kids only if they promise two things: they have to remember those who offer the bike parts and they have to study hard in school. (这些自行车对孩子们来说是免费的，前提是他们必须答应两件事：他们必须记住那些提供自行车零件的人，他们必须在学校努力学习。)”可知，如果孩子们想从米克那里免费得到自行车，他们必须在学校努力学习。故选C。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Up to now, the bike man has repaired hundreds of bicycles and given away nearly 700 rebuilt ones. The bikes are free for the kids only if they promise two things: they have to remember those who offer the bike parts and they have to study hard in school. (到目前为止，自行车人已经修复了数百辆自行车，并赠送了近700辆重建的自行车。这些自行车对孩子们来说是免费的，前提是他们必须答应两件事：他们必须记住那些提供自行车零件的人，他们必须在学校努力学习。)”可推断出他是个热心肠的人。故选D。 B The word “hot” usually means “having a lot of heat”. Many people think that “cold” is something completely separated from heat. But this is not true. “Cold” simply means “having a little heat”. Your life depends on heat. In fact, every living thing depends on it. Without heat, every living thing would be frozen to death. All living things get their heat from the sun, which provides the conditions in which life is possible. Since the very beginning of history, man has been able to make his own heat. He has been able to release the sun’s heat that is hidden in things such as wood, coal and oil. And he has been able to use this heat. Heat has made civilization (文明) possible. With heat, man could melt metals. As man learned to use metals and fuels, industries grew. As a result, engines were invented. These are machines that change heat energy into mechanical energy. Engines can do the work of many men. Without engines, industrial civilization is impossible. Yet although the first engines were built in the 17th century, men were still wondering about the nature of heat. “What is it?” they asked. Not until the early years of the 19th century did they find the right answer. 46. What can we learn about “cold” and “heat” according to Paragraph 1? A. “Cold” has nothing to do with “heat”. B. Coldness and heat are two separate things. C. Coldness and heat are related in some way. D. “Cold” is as important as “heat” to people. 47. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A. Life is better without heat. B. Life is impossible without heat. C. Life is better if there is more heat. D. Life is impossible in the cold season. 48. Which is the most important for industrial civilization according to the passage? A. Metal. B. Engine. C. Fuel. D. Heat. 49. When did people find the nature of heat? A. From the beginning of this century. B. At the end of last century. C. In the 19th century. D. In the 17th century. 50. What is the best title of the passage? A. Industrial Civilization. B. The Form of Heat. C. Hot and Cold. D. Nature of Heat. 【答案】46. C 47. B 48. B 49. C 50. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人类对热的性质的探索历史。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段““Cold” simply means “having a little heat”. (“冷”仅仅意味着“有少量的热”。)”可知，冷是热量少的表现，冷热是关联的。故选C。 【47题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Your life depends on heat. In fact, every living thing depends on it. (你的生命依赖热，事实上，所有的生物都离不开热。)”可知，生命不能没有热。故选B。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Without engines, industrial civilization is impossible. (如果没有发动机，工业革命就不可能实现。)”可知，工业革命的最重要因素是发动机。故选B。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Yet although the first engines were built in the 17th century, men were still wondering about the nature of heat. “What is it?” they asked. Not until the early years of the 19th century did they find the right answer. (然而，尽管最早的发动机在17世纪就出现了，人们还是不明白热的本质。“那是什么？”他们问。直到19世纪初人们才找到正确答案。)”可知，人们发现热的本质是在19世纪。故选C。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段“Yet although the first engines were built in the 17th century, men were still wondering about the nature of heat. “What is it?” they asked. Not until the early years of the 19th century did they find the right answer. (然而，尽管最早的发动机在17世纪就出现了，人们还是不明白热的本质。“那是什么？”他们问。直到19世纪初人们才找到正确答案。)”和全文内容可知，文章讲述了人类对热的本质的探索史。故选D。 C One night in December 2011, a bear came into the city of Vancouver in Canada. It walked through the city streets. Then it found some food outside a restaurant and started eating. In the morning, someone saw the bear and called the police. The police came and took it to the mountains outside the city. Luckily, the bear was safe. But what happens in other countries when big animals come into cities? In Moscow in Russia, there are 35,000 homeless dogs. The dogs live in parks, markets and train stations. Some dogs live in groups and others live alone. Many people in Moscow like the dogs. They give them food and water. Some people make small houses for the dogs in their gardens. This helps the dogs in winter, when the temperature in Moscow is -10℃ and there is a lot of snow and ice. In Cape Town in South Africa, large monkeys come into the city when they are hungry. They go into gardens and eat fruits from trees. They even go into houses and take food from fridges! They are strong animals and they might frighten people. But the city can be dangerous for them too. Sometimes, cars and buses kill the big monkeys in accidents. Human food is very bad for their teeth because it has a lot of sugar. Now, there are Monkey Monitors working in Cape Town. Their job is to find monkeys in the city and return them to the mountains. Of course, small animals like cats are seen every day in the cities, but they are usually harmless. When big animals come into cities to find food, however, they can be dangerous. We need to find ways of stopping them coming into the city without hurting them. 51. What did the person in Vancouver do when he saw the bear? A. He called the police. B. He called friends for help. C. He drove it away. D. He took it to mountains. 52. What do people in Moscow do for dogs in the gardens? A. They make snowmen. B. They plant trees. C. They build small houses. D. They find partners. 53. Large monkeys in Cape Town sometimes die from ________. A. sweet food B. car accidents C. great hunger D. harmful food 54. Big animals often come to cities to ________. A. destroy gardens B. find a place to live C. have a walk D. look for food 55. The author suggests that we should prevent big animals entering cities but not ________. A. hurt them B. frighten them C. kill them D. protect them 【答案】51. A 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了大型动物进入城市的现象，如 2011 年 12 月一只熊进入加拿大温哥华市，俄罗斯莫斯科有 35000 只流浪狗，南非开普敦的大猴子因饥饿进入城市觅食等情况。指出当大型动物进城觅食时可能会有危险，我们需要找到阻止它们进城且不伤害它们的方法。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In the morning, someone saw the bear and called the police. (早上，有人看到了这只熊并报了警。)”可知，温哥华的那个人看到熊时报了警。故选A。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Some people make small houses for the dogs in their gardens. (有些人在花园里为狗建造小房子。)”可知，莫斯科人为花园里的狗建造小房子。故选C。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Sometimes, cars and buses kill the big monkeys in accidents. (有时，汽车和公共汽车在事故中杀死了大猴子。)”可知，开普敦的大型猴子有时会因车祸死亡。故选B。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“When big animals come into cities to find food, however, they can be dangerous. (然而，当大型动物进入城市寻找食物时，它们可能是危险的。)”可知，大型动物经常来到城市寻找食物。故选D。 【55题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“We need to find ways of stopping them coming into the city without hurting them. (我们需要找到阻止他们进入城市但又不伤害他们的方法。)”可知，作者建议我们应该防止大型动物进入城市，但不要伤害它们。故选A。 V. 语法填空（10小题，共15分） 阅读下面短文，按句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 During my second month of nursing school, Professor Smith gave us a test, I did it smoothly until I read the last question: “What is the name of the ____56____ (clean) in this building?” ____57____ (sure), this was some kind of joke. I had seen the woman several ____58____ (time), but how could I know her name? ____59____ (leave) the last question blank, I handed ____60____ my paper. Before class ended, one student asked ____61____ the last question would affect ____62____ (we) test result. “Absolutely, “said ____63____ professor. “In your future life you ____64____ (meet) many people. All are _____65_____ (importance). They deserve (值得) your attention and care, even if all you do is smile and say ‘hello’. ” I have never forgotten that lesson. 【答案】56. cleaner 57. Surely 58. times 59. Leaving 60. in 61. if##whether 62. our 63. the 64. will meet 65 important 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在护理学校的一次测试中，遇到最后一道关于楼内清洁工名字的问题，作者因不知答案而留空。在课堂结束前，有学生询问这道题是否影响测试结果，教授表示在未来生活中会遇到很多人，他们都很重要，值得关注和关心，作者从未忘记这一教训。 【56题详解】 考查词性变换。句意：这栋楼的清洁工叫什么名字？定冠词“the”后接名词，“clean”是动词，其名词形式“cleaner”表示“清洁工”。故填cleaner。 【57题详解】 考查副词作状语。句意：当然，这是某种玩笑。“sure”是形容词，此处需要一个副词修饰整个句子，“surely”表示“当然，肯定”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Surely。 【58题详解】 考查可数名词的复数。句意：我见过这个女人几次。“several”表示“几个”，后接名词复数，“time”作“次数”讲时是可数名词，复数形式为“times”。故填times。 【59题详解】 考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：留下最后一道题空着，我交了试卷。逗号前的部分在句中作状语，“leave”与主语“I”是主动关系，用现在分词形式“leaving”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Leaving。 【60题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：留下最后一道题空着，我交了试卷。“hand in”是固定短语，意为“上交”。故填in 。 【61题详解】 考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：在下课前，一个学生问最后一道题是否会影响我们的考试成绩。此处表示“询问最后一个问题是否会影响……”，“if / whether”表示“是否”，引导宾语从句。故填if / whether。 【62题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在下课前，一个学生问最后一道题是否会影响我们的考试成绩。修饰名词“test result”要用形容词性物主代词“our”，表示“我们的”。故填our。 【63题详解】 考查定冠词。句意：“当然，”教授说。此处特指上文提到的“Professor Smith”，要用定冠词“the”。故填the。 【64题详解】 考查一般将来时。句意：在你未来的生活中，你会遇到很多人。“In your future life”表示将来的时间，用一般将来时“will + 动词原形”，所以是“will meet”。故填will meet。 【65题详解】 考查形容词作表语。句意：所有人都很重要。“are”是系动词，后接形容词作表语，“importance”是名词，其形容词形式是“important”。故填important。 VI. 完成句子（5小题，共15分） 根据所给汉语提示，完成英语句子。 66. I am satisfied with ___________ (他所说的话). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】what he said 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我对他所说的话表示满意。他：he；说过：said；分析句子结构可知，空处为宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，用what引导。故填what he said。 67. My duty is ___________ (照顾这些孩子们). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】taking care of##looking after##caring for the kids 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词作表语和动词短语。句意：我的职责就是照顾这些孩子们。照顾：take care of/look after/care for；孩子们：the kids。分析句子可知此处作表语，应用动名词形式taking care of/looking after/caring for。故填taking care of/looking after/caring for the kids。 68. We were all excited at the news that ___________ (我们的校队赢了). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】our school team had won 【解析】 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：我们都为我们的校队赢了的消息感到很激动。我们的：our；校：school；队：team；赢：win。分析句子可知，从句动作win发生在主句动作were excited之前，应用过去完成时had won。故填our school team had won。 69. The more you read, ___________ (你懂的就越多). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】the more you understand / know 【解析】 【详解】考查比较级。句意：读得越多，你懂的就越多。你懂的：you understand或you know；多：much，比较级是more；根据比较级的结构“the +比较级，the +比较级（越……越……）”，此处应用the more。故填the more you understand / know。 70. Only in this way ___________ (你才能完成任务). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】can you finish the task 【解析】 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：只有通过这个方式你才能完成任务。你：you；能：can；完成：finish；任务：task；当“only+状语”位于句首时，句子部分倒装，即can you finish。故填can you finish the task。 VII. 应用写作（1小题，共10分） 71. 【写作内容】你是班长李明。你们班将于下周日到森林公园野餐，定于当天上午九点钟在校门口集合，乘公共汽车前往。请你用英语给班上的外国留学生写一封电子邮件，告知上述安排。 【写作要求】正文40个英文单词，文中不可出现你自己的真实姓名、学校等信息。 【评分标准】信息完整，语言规范，语篇连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear classmates, I have some good news for you. We will have a picnic in the Forest Park next Sunday. We will meet at the gate of our school at nine o’clock in the morning and go to the Park by bus. Please be on time. Sincerely yours Li Ming 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于写电子邮件的应用文。要求考生给班上的外国留学生写一封电子邮件，告知下周日到森林公园野餐的安排。 【详解】1.词汇积累 一些好消息：some good news 野餐：have a picnic 在我们的校门口：at the gate of our school 准时：be on time 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：We will meet at the gate of our school at nine o’clock in the morning and go to the Park by bus. 拓展句：It is at the gate of our school that we will meet at nine o’clock in the morning and go to the Park by bus. 【点睛】【高分句型1】We will meet at the gate of our school at nine o’clock in the morning and go to the Park by bus. (运用了连词and连接两个并列的谓语动词) 【高分句型2】Please be on time. (运用了肯定的祈使句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$