34 应用文写作（题型突破·题组训练）（考点精讲）-备战2025年（对口升学）英语一轮复习讲练测（湖南适用）

第34讲 应用文写作 1.应用文填写题要求考生根据所给汉语信息，完成应用文的填写。每空1-3个单词。 2.考纲对考生写的能力要求： 能根据所给信息，写出信函、演讲稿、备忘录、通知、留言、请柬、电子邮件、个人简介等常见应用文。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！学科网（北京）股份有限公司9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【名师解难】 解题步骤： （1）快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单把握的空，可以先填出来； （2）上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式； （3）通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。 无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词、代词、介词、连词（并列连词和从属连词）等虚词。 【解题三部曲】 读】跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。 要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。 定与断】复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。 A.) 利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义. B.)再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。 验】读短文，上下参照，验证答案。 在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等方面进行综合验证，凡有 疑问必须重新推敲考虑。 应用文写作要求是根据所给的汉语信息完成填写，一般填写不超过三个单词。这类题型和英汉互译题相，包含对词汇、语法、句型、习惯用法等各个方面的考查，可以反映出学生综合使用英语进行书面交际的能力。 （1）确定考查对象 一看到题目，我们首先应该对照汉语，确定考查对象是短语还是句子，是动词短语还是介词或连词等，以便有的放矢。 【典型例题1】 （2019年）This summer I intend to take up a 92 (兼职的)job in a foreign company, through which I would like to broaden my horizons, gain some working 93 (经验)and meet new friends, 【解题思路】根据汉语部分可知，92小题要填写的是形容词，93小题要填写的是名词。93小题“经验”是不可数名词。 【答案】92. part-time； 93.experience 【典型例题2】 （2019年）Besides, if there are some 96 (错误)in them, I hope you can help 97 (更正)them. 【解题思路】根据汉语意思及括号中所给提示可知，96小题要填写的“错误”是可数名词，前面有some,故要用复数形式。97小题前面“help do/ to do”,故要填写动词词性。 【答案】96. mistakes; 97. to correct/ correct （2）通读整句 通读整句，确定所填内容是否需要人称、时态或词性等方面的变化。做这类题目时，尤其要考虑根据时态、语态等的不同，动词要发生相应的变化。同时，我们要记一些常用的固定搭配，并注意中英文表达方式的区别。 【典例例题3】 （2018年）Our class is a warm family. There are 50 students in our class, 94 （包括）30 boys and 20 girls. 【解题思路】根据句子结构可知，There是句子的主语，are是谓语，动作“包括”是“非谓语”形式，属于主动关系，故用ing形式。 【答案】including 【典例8】（2015年荆州卷） Look！ The children _______________ a story for the picture in the classroom. （make） 瞧！ 孩子们正在教室里根据图片编一个故事。 【解题思路】根据提示词Look可知，句子的谓语部分应该用现在进行时。make up意为“编造（故事）”。 【锦囊妙计】 第一招:金睛火眼(认真、细致地观察图画,就可以直接在图画中找到答案或信息。 第二招：有样学样（善于从下文或前文找一模一样的信息。） 第三招：放飞想象（答案可以在图画或文章中推测出来。） 第四招：姿势与实际并重(注意填写动词的时态、语态和名词的单复数) 此类短文填空题一般会给出汉语意思。做此类短文填空题时，要准确理解语意，根据文中同样结构或类似结构确定应填词的词性和词形。不可简单地都填原形词。若空格内填的是名词，要考虑其单复数形式；若填的是形容词或副词，则要考虑其是否属于比较等级；如若填的是动词，则要特别注意考虑其时态和语态。如在句首，还要考虑其首字母的大写。 （一） One summer afternoon, it was so hot that I wanted something juicy. So, I went to a 1 (水果) store. I preferred watermelons above all others. So when I got to the store, I 2 (注意到) the watermelons at once. Luckily, they happened to be on sale that day. Then, I told the saleswoman that I would like to buy 3 (一半) a watermelon. How much would it cost? The saleswoman started to 4 (包装) it up, saying “It’s 12 yuan. Cash or WeChat Pay?” I turned on my smart phone, but sadly I found I didn’t have 5 (足够的) money. I became 6 (不说话的；沉默的) and my face tuned red. I told her what happened. However, she didn’t get angry. She gave the watermelon to me 7 (客气地；礼貌地) and said that I was the 100th 8 (顾客) in her store that day. So, I could have it for free. And she gave me a sweet 9 (微笑). When I ate the watermelon at home, I felt more than the sweetness in my mouth. I felt the 10 (温暖；暖和) in my heart. It gave me not only a free watermelon, but also kindness. （二） Arsh Pal, a young artist from the US, is helping people in need through his paintings. When Arsh was eight years old, his parents 11 (买) him a watercolor set (水彩画板) for his birthday. 12 (以后), he spent all his free time painting. He drew a lot of paintings and started giving them to his family and friends as 13 (礼物). When visiting the care center, Arsh 14 (发现) people looking bored and lonely, so he wanted to give them painting lessons. He 15 (也) started selling his paintings to raise 16 (钱) to help them. He sold his paintings at 17 (旅馆), shows, restaurants, and libraries. Then he gave his first $1,000 to St. Jude Children’ s Research Hospital in 2018. Last year, Arsh got the Diana Award. It is given to great 18 (年轻的) people aged 9 to 25 around the world to work 19 (努力) to improve the lives of others. “We can change the world,”Arsh said. “It feels good to get the 20 (特别的) prize (奖).” As for what’s next, Arsh hopes to continue (继续) painting and helping others. （三） Last Friday, Su Yiming was very happy! The 18-year-old snowboarder got a 21 (特殊)letter, from 22 （总统/主席）Xi Jinping.     In the letter, Xi congratulated(恭喜) Su and the other 23 (运动员)at the Beijing Winter Olympics. We are living in an era (时代) for young people to realize their dreams, Xi said in the letter. He hopes that young 24 (中国)people always keep the motherland in their hearts, aim high (志存高远), and stay grounded (脚踏实地的).     Xi was writing back to Su. After 25 (赢)his gold medal, Su realized that this strong motherland has helped him to achieve so 26 (许多). “I wanted to write a letter to Xi,” Su told People’s Daily. “I really wanted to give him 27 (感谢)from the bottom (底部) of my heart.”     In 2019, Xi met with players and coaches in Beijing. Su was one of those who took part in the Beijing Winter Olympics. Xi told them to “aim high”. Xi’s words encouraged Su a lot. “I decided to believe in 28 (我), and that I must give it all to make my dream come 29 (真的),” Su said.     How did it feel to 30 (收到)a reply(回复) from Xi? “I couldn’t believe at first,” Su told the reporter. “This has encouraged me to work even harder in the future.” 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第34讲 应用文写作 1.应用文填写题要求考生根据所给汉语信息，完成应用文的填写。每空1-3个单词。 2.考纲对考生写的能力要求： 能根据所给信息，写出信函、演讲稿、备忘录、通知、留言、请柬、电子邮件、个人简介等常见应用文。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！学科网（北京）股份有限公司9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【名师解难】 解题步骤： （1）快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单把握的空，可以先填出来； （2）上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式； （3）通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。 无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词、代词、介词、连词（并列连词和从属连词）等虚词。 【解题三部曲】 读】跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。 要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。 定与断】复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。 A.) 利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义. B.)再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。 验】读短文，上下参照，验证答案。 在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等方面进行综合验证，凡有 疑问必须重新推敲考虑。 应用文写作要求是根据所给的汉语信息完成填写，一般填写不超过三个单词。这类题型和英汉互译题相，包含对词汇、语法、句型、习惯用法等各个方面的考查，可以反映出学生综合使用英语进行书面交际的能力。 （1）确定考查对象 一看到题目，我们首先应该对照汉语，确定考查对象是短语还是句子，是动词短语还是介词或连词等，以便有的放矢。 【典型例题1】 （2019年）This summer I intend to take up a 92 (兼职的)job in a foreign company, through which I would like to broaden my horizons, gain some working 93 (经验)and meet new friends, 【解题思路】根据汉语部分可知，92小题要填写的是形容词，93小题要填写的是名词。93小题“经验”是不可数名词。 【答案】92. part-time； 93.experience 【典型例题2】 （2019年）Besides, if there are some 96 (错误)in them, I hope you can help 97 (更正)them. 【解题思路】根据汉语意思及括号中所给提示可知，96小题要填写的“错误”是可数名词，前面有some,故要用复数形式。97小题前面“help do/ to do”,故要填写动词词性。 【答案】96. mistakes; 97. to correct/ correct （2）通读整句 通读整句，确定所填内容是否需要人称、时态或词性等方面的变化。做这类题目时，尤其要考虑根据时态、语态等的不同，动词要发生相应的变化。同时，我们要记一些常用的固定搭配，并注意中英文表达方式的区别。 【典例例题3】 （2018年）Our class is a warm family. There are 50 students in our class, 94 （包括）30 boys and 20 girls. 【解题思路】根据句子结构可知，There是句子的主语，are是谓语，动作“包括”是“非谓语”形式，属于主动关系，故用ing形式。 【答案】including 【典例8】（2015年荆州卷） Look！ The children _______________ a story for the picture in the classroom. （make） 瞧！ 孩子们正在教室里根据图片编一个故事。 【解题思路】根据提示词Look可知，句子的谓语部分应该用现在进行时。make up意为“编造（故事）”。 【锦囊妙计】 第一招:金睛火眼(认真、细致地观察图画,就可以直接在图画中找到答案或信息。 第二招：有样学样（善于从下文或前文找一模一样的信息。） 第三招：放飞想象（答案可以在图画或文章中推测出来。） 第四招：姿势与实际并重(注意填写动词的时态、语态和名词的单复数) 此类短文填空题一般会给出汉语意思。做此类短文填空题时，要准确理解语意，根据文中同样结构或类似结构确定应填词的词性和词形。不可简单地都填原形词。若空格内填的是名词，要考虑其单复数形式；若填的是形容词或副词，则要考虑其是否属于比较等级；如若填的是动词，则要特别注意考虑其时态和语态。如在句首，还要考虑其首字母的大写。 （一） One summer afternoon, it was so hot that I wanted something juicy. So, I went to a 1 (水果) store. I preferred watermelons above all others. So when I got to the store, I 2 (注意到) the watermelons at once. Luckily, they happened to be on sale that day. Then, I told the saleswoman that I would like to buy 3 (一半) a watermelon. How much would it cost? The saleswoman started to 4 (包装) it up, saying “It’s 12 yuan. Cash or WeChat Pay?” I turned on my smart phone, but sadly I found I didn’t have 5 (足够的) money. I became 6 (不说话的；沉默的) and my face tuned red. I told her what happened. However, she didn’t get angry. She gave the watermelon to me 7 (客气地；礼貌地) and said that I was the 100th 8 (顾客) in her store that day. So, I could have it for free. And she gave me a sweet 9 (微笑). When I ate the watermelon at home, I felt more than the sweetness in my mouth. I felt the 10 (温暖；暖和) in my heart. It gave me not only a free watermelon, but also kindness. 【答案】 1．fruit 2．noticed 3．half 4．pack 5．enough 6．silent 7．politely 8．customer 9．smile 10．warmth 【导语】本文记叙了作者夏日买西瓜，却发现手机上没钱，善良的售货员给他免单的经历。 1．句意：于是，我去了一家水果店。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“水果”译成：fruit，这里名词作定语。故填fruit。 2．句意：所以当我到达商店时，我立刻注意到了西瓜。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“注意到”译成：notice，由前面的got可知，这里用过去式。故填noticed。 3．句意：然后，我告诉女售货员我想买半个西瓜。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“一半”译成：half，这里用单数。故填half。 4．句意：女售货员开始把它打包，说：“12元。现金还是微信支付？”根据所给的汉语提示可知，“包装”译成：pack，to后跟动词原形。故填pack。 5．句意：我打开了我的智能手机，但遗憾的是，我发现我没有足够的钱。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“足够的”译成：enough，作定语修饰money。故填enough。 6．句意：我沉默了，脸涨红了。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“不说话的；沉默的”译成：silent，形容词作表语。故填silent。 7．句意：她礼貌地把西瓜递给我，说那天我是她店里的第100位顾客。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“客气地；礼貌地”译成：politely，副词修饰动词gave。故填politely。 8．句意：她礼貌地把西瓜递给我，说那天我是她店里的第100位顾客。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“顾客”译成：customer，由I was the 100th可知，这里用单数。故填customer。 9．句意：她给了我一个甜美的微笑。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“微笑”译成：smile，由前面的a可知，这里用单数。故填smile。 10．句意：我心里感到了温暖。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“温暖；暖和”译成：warmth，这里作宾语。故填warmth。 （二） Arsh Pal, a young artist from the US, is helping people in need through his paintings. When Arsh was eight years old, his parents 11 (买) him a watercolor set (水彩画板) for his birthday. 12 (以后), he spent all his free time painting. He drew a lot of paintings and started giving them to his family and friends as 13 (礼物). When visiting the care center, Arsh 14 (发现) people looking bored and lonely, so he wanted to give them painting lessons. He 15 (也) started selling his paintings to raise 16 (钱) to help them. He sold his paintings at 17 (旅馆), shows, restaurants, and libraries. Then he gave his first $1,000 to St. Jude Children’ s Research Hospital in 2018. Last year, Arsh got the Diana Award. It is given to great 18 (年轻的) people aged 9 to 25 around the world to work 19 (努力) to improve the lives of others. “We can change the world,”Arsh said. “It feels good to get the 20 (特别的) prize (奖).” As for what’s next, Arsh hopes to continue (继续) painting and helping others. 【答案】 11．bought 12．Later 13．gifts 14．found 15．also 16．money 17．hotels 18．young 19．hard 20．special 【导语】本文讲述了12岁的艺术家阿尔什教养老院的老人画画，为慈善机构筹钱，并获得戴安娜奖的故事。 11．句意：当阿尔什八岁的时候，他的父母给他买了一套水彩作为生日礼物。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“买”译成：buy；这里用过去式bought。故填bought。 12．句意：后来，他把所有的空闲时间都用来画画了。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“以后”译成：later；首字母大写。故填Later。 13．句意：他画了很多画，并开始把它们作为礼物送给家人和朋友。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“礼物”译成：gift；由 a lot of paintings可知，这里用复数形式。故填gifts。 14．句意：在参观护理中心时，阿尔什发现人们看起来很无聊和孤独，所以他想给他们上绘画课。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“发现”译成：find；根据“so he wanted to give them painting lessons.”可知，这里用过去式。故填found。 15．句意：他还开始出售自己的画作，以筹集资金帮助他们。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“也”译成：also，副词。故填also。 16．句意：他还开始出售自己的画作，以筹集资金帮助他们。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“钱”译成：money；不可数名词。故填money。 17．句意：他在酒店、展览、餐馆和图书馆出售自己的画作。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“旅馆”译成：hotel；根据“shows, restaurants, and libraries.”可知，这里用复数形式。故填hotels。 18．句意：它被授予世界各地9至25岁的优秀年轻人，表彰他们努力地工作去改善他人的生活。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“年轻的”译成：young；形容词作定语。故填young。 19．句意：它被授予世界各地9至25岁的优秀年轻人，让他们努力工作，改善他人的生活。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“努力”译成：hard，work hard意为“努力工作”。故填hard。 20．句意：获得特别奖感觉很好。根据所给的汉语提示可知，“特别的”译成：special；形容词作定语。故填special。 （三） Last Friday, Su Yiming was very happy! The 18-year-old snowboarder got a 21 (特殊)letter, from 22 （总统/主席）Xi Jinping.     In the letter, Xi congratulated(恭喜) Su and the other 23 (运动员)at the Beijing Winter Olympics. We are living in an era (时代) for young people to realize their dreams, Xi said in the letter. He hopes that young 24 (中国)people always keep the motherland in their hearts, aim high (志存高远), and stay grounded (脚踏实地的).     Xi was writing back to Su. After 25 (赢)his gold medal, Su realized that this strong motherland has helped him to achieve so 26 (许多). “I wanted to write a letter to Xi,” Su told People’s Daily. “I really wanted to give him 27 (感谢)from the bottom (底部) of my heart.”     In 2019, Xi met with players and coaches in Beijing. Su was one of those who took part in the Beijing Winter Olympics. Xi told them to “aim high”. Xi’s words encouraged Su a lot. “I decided to believe in 28 (我), and that I must give it all to make my dream come 29 (真的),” Su said.     How did it feel to 30 (收到)a reply(回复) from Xi? “I couldn’t believe at first,” Su told the reporter. “This has encouraged me to work even harder in the future.” 【答案】 21．special 22．President 23．players 24．Chinese 25．winning 26．much 27．thanks 28．myself 29．true 30．receive 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了运动员苏翊鸣和习主席之间的故事。 21．句意：十八岁的单板滑雪运动员收到一封信。 special特殊的，形容词；形容词修饰letter。故填special。 22．句意：来自习近平主席。president总统/主席，专有名词，首字母需大写。故填Presidzent。 23．句意：在信中习主席恭喜了苏和其他运动员在北京奥运会。player运动员 ，可数名词；the other+名词复数。故填players。 24．句意：他希望中国青年人能把祖国记在心中，志存高远，脚踏实地。China中国，名词，此处修饰people需用形容词，Chinese中国的，形容词。故填Chinese。 25．句意：在赢得金牌之后。win赢，动词；after后加动名词。故填winning。 26．句意：苏意识到，这个强大的祖国帮助他取得了如此巨大的成就。many/much许多，他得到的很多东西是抽象，不可数的。故填much。 27．句意：我真的打心底想感谢他。thank感谢，可数名词；give sb thanks给某人感谢，固定搭配。故填thanks。 28．句意：我决定相信我自己。I我，由语境可知，这里用反身代词myself，表示相信我自己。故填myself。 29．句意：我必须尽全力让我的梦想成真。true 真的，come true成真，固定搭配。故填true。 30．句意：收到习主席的信我是什么感觉呢？receive收到，动词；to+动词原形。故填receive。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$