2024年人教版中考英语复习语法专题：宾语从句和定语从句

语法专题：宾语从句和定语从句 一、宾语从句 时态 ①主句是现在时，从句根据实际情况使用相应时态 ②主句是过去时，从句使用过去时的某种形式 ③从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等时，不管主句使用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时 语序 从句一律用陈述语序，即主语＋谓语 连接词 2 that在从句中作宾语时可以省略；作主语时不能省略 ② what, when, where, how, whatever,whenever,wherever,who,whom, whose等特殊疑问词作连接词 ③当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时，连接词用whether或if,表示“是否” 人称 一随主，二随宾，三不变 【温馨提示】宾语从句中的否定转移 当主句的谓语是think,believe,guess,suppose等表示“认为、相信、猜想、期望”等意思的动词时，主句的主语是第一人称，且时态为一般现在时时，从句的否定一般要转移到主句上来。 （ ）① Yesterday a reporter asked 10 students at Hilltop School last weekend. A.what did they do B.what were they doing C.what they did D.what have they done （ ）②If you watch carefully, you can see the man does the trick with the cards. A.who B.what C.how D.which （ ）③-Do you think Xiao Ming can pass the high school entrance exam or not? －Sorry,I 've no idea. A.that B.which C.if D.whether （ ）④-Excuse me,can you tell me ？ －At about 8 o 'clock. A. what time the plane arrives in Beijing B.what time the plane will arrive Beijing C.what time the plane will reach Beijing D. what time will the plane get to Beijing （ ）⑤Franklin told them all to be in Britain again. A.how happy was he B.how happy he was C.how was he happy D.hw he happy was （ ）⑥ John told his little daughter the earth from the west to the east. A.moved B.moving C.moves D.move 二、定语从句 1.关系代词的基本用法。 作主语 作宾语 作定语 指人 Who/that Who/whom/that省略 Whose 指物 Which/that Which/that省略 whose 2.关系词只能用that的情况。 1)先行词既有人又有物时。 2)先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时。 3)先行词为 all,much,little,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时。 4)先行词为数词或被序数词修饰时。 3.关系副词的用法。 用法 例句 when表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词是表示时间的名词（year, season, day等） I still remember the days when we worked together. 我仍然记得我们在一起工作的日子。 where表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词是表示地点的名词（place, school, room等） This is the school where we once studied.我们曾经在这所学校学习过。 why表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词只有表示原因的reason Can you tell me the reason why he hasn’t 't come here?你能告诉我他还没来这儿的原因吗？ 助记 定语从句的用法 主句型，从句型，两种句子要完整。 从句紧跟先行词，关系词引导要弄清。 定人要用who或whom,定物which当先用。 关系代词用 that,定人定物有本领。 when用来定时间，where用来定地点。 关系代词作成分，唯作宾语可省略。 （ ）①Success will belong to those never say “impossible”。 A.whom B.which C.who D.whose （ ）②-Do you like the weekly talk show,The Readers,on CCTV? －Sure.It 's a great TV program purpose is to bring the habit of reading back into the public. A.which B.that C.what D.whose （ ）③-Qingdao is the most beautiful city I 've ever been to. －So it is. The big naval parade(阅兵）was held there to celebrate the 70th birthday of the Chinese PLA Navy several months ago. A.that B.which C.what D.who （ ）④ I like Binzhou the people are really kind and friendly. A.that B.which C.where D.who （ ）⑤We are talking about the piano and the pianist were in the concert last night. A.that B.which C.who D.whom （ ）⑥The stories were written by Mark Twain are often humorous. A.that B.those C.who D.what 高效进阶 （ ）1. The teacher asked Li Hua A. why is he late for class B. why he is late for class C.why was he late for class D. why he was late for class （ ）2. －Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth《流浪地球》？ －Yes,it 's the best one have ever seen. A.that B.which C.what D.it （ ）3. I wonder Tom had a good time having a picnic yesterday. A.that B.if C.what D.which （ ）4. －Your sweater looks nice.Could you tell me ? －Of course,Just at the store near my school. A.where do you buy it B.where did you buy it C.where you bought it D.where you buy it （ ）5. I 'll never forget the story A.that cheers me up B.who cheers me up C.what cheers me up D.cheers me up （ ）6. We have decided to sell five things we no longer use. A that B.where C.who D.what （ ）7. －I wonder. －Someone who can make me a better person. A. when you often meet your friends B.how you make your friends happy C. who you want to make friends with D.where you spend weekends with friends （ ）8. －The boy lost is crying there.－How do you know he gets lost? A.whose B.who C.who 's D.whom （ ）9. Success always belongs to those have tried their best to make their dreams come true. A.who B.whom C.whose D.which （ ）10. －Have you heard of the Huawei Company? —Sure,it 's one of the companies make us Chinese proud. A.great; which B.greater;which C.greatest;that D.great;that （ ）11. －Excuse me! Do you know ？－It 's two kilometers away from here. A.where is the supermarket B.when does the supermarket open C.where the supermarket is D. when the supermarket opens （ ）12. －I hear that Lucy 's uncle is a worker here. －Yes.Look,the man is working over there is her uncle. A.whom B.who C.what D.which （ ）13. －Could you please tell me The Readers, a TV programme hosted by Dong Qing? －Well, it is fun and teaches us a lot of knowledge. A. how do many people like B.how many people watch C.why many people like D.when many people watch （ ）14. －Could you please tell me ？ －Sorry,I don 't know.You may ask Mr Black over there. A. who does the robot belong to B.who the robot belongs to C.who did the robot belong to D.who the robot belonged to （ ）15. －Do you know the student got an A in the English exam? —Of course.She is my deskmate,Li Hong. A.who B.whom C.whose （ ）16. Anyone who is a server or has been one knows that customers always come first. A.whom B.what C.who D.which （ ）17. －Could you please tell me —Of course,About ten minutes 'ride. A.how far is it from the school B.how far it is from the school C.how often you go to the school 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$