Unit3 Section1 Starting out & Understanding ideas(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（外研版2019）

Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．They have barely (勉强才能) enough to pay the rent this month. 2．The memorial (纪念的) garden is dedicated to those who died in the war. 3．The main objective (目标) of the meeting is to give more information on our plans. 4．The old man recalled (回忆) the rare happiness he had during the war. 5．Listening to the violent (狂暴的) storm outside, the little girl felt terrified. 6．In spite of the fog, the crew can distinguish the coastline (海岸线) fairly well. 7．A tank (坦克) is a large military vehicle that is equipped with weapons and moves along on metal tracks that are fitted over the wheels. 8．Don't play by the river in case you fall in and get drowned (溺水). Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．With the final examination approaching, we'd better prepare fully for it. 2．We firmly believe that war can't settle anything and that it only leads to violence (violent). 3．She felt horrible (horror) when hearing strange noises in the darkness. 4．(2024·海南中学期末)Early in the day came the news that the occupied city was liberated (liberate) by the advancing army. 5．The group made up of the eight richest countries in the world signed a contract last week. 6．It's going to be a memorial (memory) park because some soldiers who died when defending the city in 1942 were buried there. 7．People have been travelling here in large numbers since 1847 when the railway was built. 8．(2024·绍兴一中月考)Although what he earned was barely (bare) enough to make ends meet, he was optimistic about the future. 9．There is little doubt that you will be able to judge the truth and error if you have full confidence (confident) in yourself. 10．It moved us most that he dedicated his life to freeing the world from poverty and disease. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．随着科学技术的迅速发展，谁能预测到将来会有什么样的发明？(with复合结构) 　With science and technology developing rapidly　， who can predict what inventions there will be in the future? 2．她坐在那里，又吃惊又生气，不知道如何应对这个意外事件。(形容词短语作状语) 　Surprised and angry　， she sat there, without knowing how to react to the unexpected incident. 3．如果时间允许，晚饭后我们可以绕着操场散步。(独立主格结构) 　Time permitting　， we can have a walk around the playground after supper. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 During the Second World War, there was an operation code­named “Operation Overlord” in 1944.Allied troops 1.　made (make) up mainly of British, Canadian and American soldiers gathered with the objective of freeing north­west Europe 2.　from German occupation.The start date of it was set for 6 June, 3.　which would be known as D­Day. At dawn on 6 June, thousands of Allied soldiers landed by parachute behind enemy lines in northern France.Meanwhile, thousands more 4.　were journeying (journey) across the English Channel to Normandy.However, the 5.　violence (violent) and horror that the fighting brought were almost unimaginable.The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach.The soldiers 6.　were attacked (attack) even before they reached land.By mid­morning, hundreds lay 7.　dead (die) in the water and amongst the tanks on the beach. But, despite the high cost in human life, the D­Day landings were 8.　a success and were seen 9.　widely (wide) as the beginning of the end of the Second World War.Seventy years later, men who had fought on D­Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel 10.　to commemorate (commemorate) the fellow soldiers and friends they lost that day.Although each year they are fewer in number, their outstanding acts of courage mean that we will always remember them — as well as those who lost their lives on the beaches of northern France. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A On the eve of the 77th anniversary of the D­Day landings, I found myself on Omaha Beach, leading a small band of college students into the past. For more than 20 years, my coworkers and I have taken students from The University of Texas at Austin to Europe as the highlight of half­year­long study of World War Ⅱ.There's nothing like being there to discover what happened there 77 years ago or how much it can teach us today. We board a bus and enter the American cemetery.A staff member greets us and tells us about the 9，380 gravesites here.We turn to face the cemetery as the national anthem (国歌) plays over the loudspeaker.Tears well up in my eyes at the memory of my father, who flew for 30 missions over France and Germany in the spring and summer of 1944. Each student receives a yellow rose to place at the grave of a Texas soldier.The headstones give us only the name, rank, unit, home state and date of death.We can guess how old they were, for the students are about the same age. We return to the beach and look at the peaceful scene that we know was anything but peaceful 77 years ago.“Bloody Omaha” was the deadliest beach of the landings.More than 2，400 Americans were killed or wounded, or went missing in action.No one who survived ever forgot it. Our students understand the sacrifices made that day and the cost of war, both humans and materials.They face a world different from the one their grandfathers and great­grandfathers lived in but just as complex and even more dangerous.Pandemics, pollution and the threat of climate change present challenges that no previous generation has faced. I have faith in this young generation.We can learn much from the D­Day landings and World WarⅡ about the importance of alliances, the value of cooperation and the meaning of courage.As it turns out, learning from the past is a matter of moment today. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。“我”和同事们在诺曼底登陆纪念日前夕带领学生开展游学活动，引导学生感悟英勇顽强、奉献牺牲的精神。 1．What did the author do on the eve of the 77th anniversary of the D­Day landings? A．She went to Europe with old soldiers. B．She visited the American cemetery in Texas. C．She gave a course on World War Ⅱ. D．She took students on a study tour to Omaha Beach. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I found myself on Omaha Beach，leading a small band of college students into the past”以及第二段中的“For more than 20 years，my coworkers and I have taken students from The University of Texas at Austin to Europe as the highlight of half­year­long study of World WarⅡ.”可知，二十多年来，作者都会带学生来到奥马哈海滩开展游学活动。 2．What can we know about the author's father? A．He was a Texan soldier. B．He was buried in this graveyard. C．He died when performing a mission. D．He served in the air force during World War Ⅱ. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Tears well up in my eyes at the memory of my father，who flew for 30 missions over France and Germany in the spring and summer of 1944.”可知，作者的父亲在第二次世界大战期间曾执行了30次飞行任务。故可判断作者父亲二战期间在空军服役。 3．Why is the number of Americans mentioned in Paragraph 5? A．To explain their love for traveling. B．To show their sacrifices in the mission. C．To honor them for fighting for the country. D．To praise them for bringing the beach into peace. 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“‘Bloody Omaha’ was the deadliest beach of the landings.”以及第六段中的“Our students understand the sacrifices made that day and the cost of war，both humans and materials.”可知，此次战争十分惨烈，美国人做出了巨大的牺牲。由此可知列数字是为了表明美国人在这次任务中的牺牲。 4．What does the author feel about the world faced by this young generation? A．Peaceful. B．Eventful. C．Fast­changing. D．Fully­globalized. 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Pandemics，pollution and the threat of climate change present challenges that no previous generation has faced.”可知，作者认为，年轻一代身处的世界充满挑战，发生了很多重大事件，变故也很多，故选B(多变故的)。 B Is it possible to persuade mankind to live without war? War is an ancient institution which has existed for at least six thousand years.It has always been bad and usually foolish, but in the past the human race managed to live with it.Modern creativity has changed this.Either man will abolish (废除) war, or war will abolish man.For the present, it is nuclear weapons that cause the most serious danger, but bacteriological (细菌学的) or chemical weapons may soon offer an even greater threat.Even if we succeed in abolishing nuclear weapons, our work will not be done.It will never be done until we have succeeded in abolishing war.To do this　， we need to persuade mankind to look upon international problems in a new way, not by contests of force, in which the victory goes to the stronger side, but by arbitration (仲裁) according to agreed principles of law.It is not easy to change the very old pattern, but this is what must be attempted. There are those who say that the adoption of this or that idea would prevent war.I believe this to be a big error.All ideas are based on statements which are, at best, doubtful, and at worst, totally false.Their followers believe in them and they may be willing to go to war to support them. The world opinion during the past few years has changed very largely.It is believed that nuclear war must be avoided.Of course very difficult problems remain in the world, but the attitude towards them is better than it was several years ago.It has begun to be thought that people should reach agreements even if both sides do not find these agreements wholly satisfied.It has begun to be understood that the important conflict nowadays is not between different countries, but between man and the atom bomb. [语篇解读]　如今人类面临核武器和生化武器的威胁。想要避免战争，人们必须抛弃用战争来解决争端的传统观念，而应该通过对话协商来解决问题。 5．What is implied about the war now in the first paragraph? A．It is as bad as in the past. B．It is as necessary as in the past. C．It is worse than in the past. D．It is not so dangerous as in the past. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“For the present, it is nuclear weapons that cause the most serious danger ...offer an even greater threat.”可知，文章第一段暗示了现在的战争要比以前更糟糕。 6．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to? A．Improving weapons. B．Abolishing war. C．Solving international problems. D．Living a peaceful life. 解析：B　代词指代题。根据第一段中的“It will never be done until we have succeeded in abolishing war.”可知，除非我们成功地废除战争，否则我们的工作是不可能完成的。由此可推知，this指的是“废除战争”这件事。 7．From paragraph 2, what can we learn about the author? A．The author is a supporter of some modern ideas. B．The author has no doubt about the truth of any ideas. C．The author believes the adoption of some ideas could prevent war. D．The author does not think the adoption of any ideas could stop war. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“There are those who say that the adoption of this or that idea would prevent war.I believe this to be a big error.”可知，作者认为采用这种或那种想法就可以阻止战争是一大错误，即阻止不了战争。 8．What can be inferred about war according to the author? A．It must be abolished if man wants to survive. B．It is the only way to solve international problems. C．It is impossible for people to live without war. D．It will be less dangerous because of the improvement of weapons. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据全文对战争会带来的威胁的描述以及第一段中的“Either man will abolish war, or war will abolish man.”可知，作者认为要么人类将废除战争，要么战争将摧毁人类，由此可推知，如果人类还想生存就必须抛弃战争。 Ⅱ.完形填空 In August 1944, Major Claude Hensinger was returning from a B­29 bombing raid (空袭) during World War Ⅱ when a 1 struck：The plane's engine caught fire, and it began to fall towards the ground. 2 ， Hensinger had a white parachute available for just such an 3 ．He inflated (使充气) the parachute as he jumped from the plane, suffering only minor 4 as he hit the rocks below.That night, he slept beneath the parachute to stay warm, not certain of his 5 ：　He and the rest of his crew were trapped in enemy territory, with no way to escape. Luck struck again the next day, 6 ， when Hensinger and his crew were discovered by a group of Chinese allies (友军) who helped them get out of danger.They returned home 7 ， and Hensinger kept that 8 parachute as a keepsake. Three years later, when Hensinger decided to propose to his sweetheart, Ruth, he 9 the parachute to her and suggested that she turn it into a 10 dress.Ruth decided to create a “Gone with the wind” style dress, hiring a 11 to make the bodice (连衣裙的上身) and veil, and completing the skirt by herself.She looked 12 as she walked down the aisle on July 19th, 1947. And the parachute's 13 wasn't finished yet.Decades later, the Hensingers' daughter and their son's bride were so 14 by their parents' story that both brides 15 the parachute gown in their own weddings as well. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Hensinger在一次灾难中利用降落伞而幸存下来， 后来他把降落伞做成婚纱的故事。 1．A.storm B．disaster C．fire D．fog 解析：B　句意：在1944年8月， Claude Hensinger少校从第二次世界大战中的一次空袭中返回， 这时一场灾难袭来。根据空后“The plane's engine caught fire”可知， 飞机发动机起火， 对飞行员来说应是一场“灾难”。故选B项。 2．A.Fortunately B．Hopefully C．Unexpectedly D．Actually 解析：A　句意：幸运的是， Hensinger正好有一个白色的降落伞应对这样的紧急情况。根据“Hensinger had a white parachute available”可知， 此处指“幸运地”。故选A项。 3．A.experiment B．instant C．emergency D．experience 解析：C　根据第一段飞机发动机起火可知， 此处应是指“紧急情况”。故选C项。 4．A.illness B．faults C．mistakes D．injuries 解析：D　句意：从飞机上跳下来时， 他给降落伞充了气， 撞到下面的石头时只受了轻微的伤。根据“He inflated the parachute as he jumped from the plane”可知， 他乘降落伞跳下飞机， 只受了一点“轻伤”。故选D项。 5．A.crew B．future C．wound D．plane 解析：B　句意：那天晚上， 他睡在降落伞下面来保暖， 对未来充满不确定。根据“He and the rest of his crew were trapped in enemy territory”可知， 他们被困在敌方境内， 此处应是对“未来”不确定。故选B项。 6．A.however B．besides C．therefore D．meanwhile 解析：A　句意：然而， 第二天幸运再次降临， Hensinger和他的战友被中国友军发现。上一段最后一句提到“他们无路可逃”与下文“Hensinger and his crew were discovered by a group of Chinese allies”是转折关系。故选A项。 7．A.kindly B．consequently C．safely D．quietly 解析：C　根据“allies”及下文Hensinger向女友求婚可知， 他们“安全地”回家了。故选C项。 8．A.time­saving B．life­saving C．effort­making D．self­protecting 解析：B　句意：并且Hensinger把救命的降落伞留作纪念。根据上文内容可知， 飞机发动机起火时， 是降落伞救了他们， 所以此处指“救命的”降落伞。故选B项。 9．A.sold B．distributed C．donated D．presented 解析：D　句意：三年后， 当Hensinger向他的女友Ruth求婚时， 他向她展示了这个降落伞。根据下文“Ruth decided to create a ‘Gone with the wind’ style dress”可知， 此处是指Hensinger把降落伞拿给女友看。故选D项。 10．A.wedding B．practicing C．singing D．attracting 解析：A　句意：他(Hensinger)建议她把它做成一件婚纱。根据上文“Hensinger decided to propose to his sweetheart”可知， Hensinger是在求婚， 此处应是“婚纱”。故选A项。 11．A.tailor B．teacher C．guest D．maid 解析：A　句意：Ruth决定创造一件“随风而去”式的套裙， 雇用一个裁缝来做连衣裙的上身和面纱， 自己做下身裙子。根据“make the bodice and veil”可知， 此处应是雇用“裁缝”。故选A项。 12．A.nervous B．strange C．funny D．beautiful 解析：D　句意：1947年7月19日， 当她从教堂的走廊走下来时她看起来很美丽。此处是指婚礼时， Ruth穿上了这件婚纱， 看起来应是十分“美丽的”。故选D项。 13．A.material B．mission C．use D．talk 解析：B　句意：降落伞的使命还没完成。根据下文“both brides 15 the parachute gown in their own weddings as well”可知， Hensinger的女儿及儿子的新娘结婚时， 也穿上了这件降落伞礼服， 所以此处指降落伞的“使命”还没完成。故选B项。 14．A.puzzled B．encouraged C．amazed D．tired 解析：C　句意：几十年后， Hensinger的女儿和儿子的新娘如此惊叹于父母的故事， 所以两位新娘在她们自己的婚礼上也都穿上了降落伞礼服。根据下文“both brides the parachute gown in their own weddings as well”可知， 新娘应是对父母的故事“感到惊奇”。故选C项。 15．A.borrowed B．wore C．copied D．broke 解析：B　根据空后“the parachute gown in their own weddings as well”可知， 此处是指两位新娘都“穿上”了这件礼服。故选B项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$