Unit2 Section2 Using language(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（外研版2019）

Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．We didn't set out; it was because we wanted to wait until our mother came back. 2．What scientists want to figure out is whether constant exposure to animals can help people effectively reduce their stress. 3．One reason why he has been promoted is that he knows well how to get along with others. 4．I think that accepting failure is what we need to do first before we succeed eventually. 5．The traditional view is that we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. 6．—Do you think it wise of Chinese mothers to try to do everything for their children? —No, that's where they are mistaken. 7．The problem we need to solve now is how we can get enough funds to finish the project. 8．Alex didn't know how to repair the engine, but he managed it by trial and error. 9．Even though they appeared to have a very strong argument against my view, I wouldn't back down and I eventually showed them that their conclusions were wrong. 10．Most successful figures spend half an hour or more on newspapers, magazines and other books on a daily basis. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．你说他不诚实。在这一点上我不同意。 You say that he is dishonest, and this is where I disagree　. 2．今天早上我上学迟到了，因为昨晚我熬夜到太晚。 I was late for school this morning.　That's because I stayed up too late last night. 3．坚持不懈是一种品质，这是做好任何事情所需要的。 Perseverance is a kind of quality and this is what it takes to do anything well　. 4．只有当全家一起度假的时候，我才不会去想工作上的事情。 The only time I really stops thinking about work is when our whole family are on vacation　. 5．不要难过。最重要的事情是我们必须从我们的错误中吸取教训，然后继续前进。 Don't be sad.　The most important thing is that we must learn from our mistakes and move on. Ⅲ.用语篇练语法 Why do many people like drinking water from plastic bottles? Some people think that's 1.　because it is healthy and clean.Others drink bottled water because it's convenient — you can carry it around with you.In hot countries, summer is often 2.　when people buy bottles of cold water. However, the truth is 3.　that using lots of plastic bottles is not a good idea.First of all, oil is 4.　what we need a lot to make plastic products.If we reduced the number of bottles we use, we wouldn't need so much oil.Plastic bottles also pollute the environment, which is 5.　where we human beings live and work.If we reused all our plastic bottles, we wouldn't need so much space for rubbish dumps.But in some countries, people don't reuse much of plastic.They reuse only a small amount.The rest becomes rubbish on land and in rivers and seas.These are 6.　why we shouldn't use so many plastic bottles. So next time you want to throw away a plastic bottle into a litter bin, stop and think.Reusing it will be 7.　how you will help the environment.Go green! The point of going green is 8.　that you can make a difference to the world. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A In 2015, Professor Wang Zhenyi, who specializes in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) (急性早幼粒细胞白血病), received a letter of thanks from America.The writer of the letter was Mrs.Bernadette Giandomenico, who once suffered from APL but was cured with all­trans retinoic acid (ATRA) (全反式维甲酸), a treatment developed by Wang and his medical team. Working at Ruijin Hospital, Wang has been devoting his life to the treatment of leukemia.He received the country's highest honor in science and technology in 2010. Born in 1924 in Shanghai, Wang was inspired by a family friend's experience of pursuing a career in medicine as a child.His grandmother's death caused by typhoid further strengthened his resolve to fight against diseases and rescue patients.With outstanding academic performance, Wang became a doctor at Guangci Hospital, today's Ruijin Hospital. In 1978, a research paper from Israeli experts gave Wang inspiration to study how leukemia cells could become normal.His research didn't progress as expected, though.In 1983, another research paper shed light on his study.As the paper suggested, after being treated with 13­cis­Retinoic Acid, white blood cells in patients with APL could become normal.Considering the difficulties and high cost of producing a drug made from 13­cis­Retinoic Acid, Wang's team decided to replace that ingredient with ATRA, and they finally verified its positive effect after several months' experiments.In 1986, the drug was first adopted in treating a five­year­old patient.It turned out to be successful.After eight years of research, Wang's team eventually made the first breakthrough in the battle against APL. To make sure every APL patient could afford the medicine, Wang has not patented his research result to date.“One cannot be a real doctor if one does not have expertise in medicine，” Wang said in an interview.“However, without a kind heart, a skilled doctor may cause harm to patients.” Having worked in the field of hematopathology (血液病理学) for over 70 years, Wang has been well recognized for his remarkable contribution to saving lives. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了获得了国家最高科学技术奖的王振义院士的个人经历以及他对白血病的研究过程。 1．Why did Mrs.Giandomenico write a letter to Professor Wang? A．To ask for medical suggestions. B．To share her battle against APL. C．To express her appreciation. D．To update information about her treatment. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“received a letter of thanks from America(收到一封来自美国的感谢信)”及“The writer of the letter was Mrs.Bernadette Giandomenico, who once suffered from APL but was cured with ...a treatment developed by Wang and his medical team.”可知，詹多梅尼科太太给王教授写信是为了表达她的感激。 2．What increased Wang's determination to become a doctor? A．His grandmother's death. B．His great academic achievement. C．The inspiration from foreign experts. D．The experience of a family friend. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His grandmother's death caused by typhoid further strengthened his resolve to fight against diseases and rescue patients.”可知，祖母的死坚定了王振义医生成为一名医生的决心。 3．What does the underlined word “verified” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Denied. B．Assessed. C．Predicted. D．Confirmed. 解析：D　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“its positive effect after several months' experiments.In 1986, the drug was first adopted in treating a five­year­old patient.It turned out to be successful.”可知，1986年，该药首次用于治疗一名5岁的病人，结果很成功。说明经过几个月的实验，王教授和他的团队最终证实了全反式维甲酸的积极效果。由此可知画线词意为“证实”。confirm确定，证实，故选D。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．The application of ATRA B．A doctor with the human touch C．The Chinese cure for APL patients D．A lifesaver with remarkable honor 解析：B　标题归纳题。根据倒数第二段中的“‘One cannot be a real doctor if one does not have expertise in medicine，’ Wang said in an interview.‘However, without a kind heart, a skilled doctor may cause harm to patients.’”，再结合文章主要介绍了王振义医生的个人经历以及他对白血病的研究过程和为挽救生命做出的卓越贡献可知，B项(一个有人情味的医生)最适合作文章标题。 B “I'll be there in a few minutes.I'm playing a game with a friend, a guy named Scuzzball，” my 15­year­old son shouted from his room.“Oh, what is Scuzzball's real name？” I asked.“I have no idea，” he said.“Where is he from？” I continued.He responded, “I think somewhere in Canada.Oh, wait, it doesn't even matter because Scuzzball just left the game and he has been replaced with a robot.” “Your friend is replaced by artificial intelligence？” “It doesn't matter, Dad.It happens all the time! The game continues.” My son doesn't mind playing with a person or a robot, which is typical of gamers these days.I wonder whether the face­to­face experience of friendship that I grew up with will be lost by our children. Aristotle, a great thinker and educator, has pointed out that shallow friendship is easily formed but also easily abandoned because such bonds are fragile.Deep friendship, by contrast, is when you care for your friend for his sake, not for any benefit you can get.This is selfless friendship.You can have only a couple of these friends because they require lots of time and effort.You must make sacrifices for each other. Presence in friendship requires “being with” and “doing for”．Perhaps the most defining feature of deep friendship is “doing for”， as my friend has my back in trouble or brings me soup when I'm sick.Only strong bonds have the power to motivate real sacrifices.But it is unclear why online “friends” would bother to do the hard work of friendship.When I asked my students whether they had people in their lives who would bring them soup when they were sick, they laughed at my Stone Age question and said they'd just order soup online. Digital life fills and absorbs waking life time so that people do not join in example case of friendship, like sports, collective arts, free range childhoods, etc.In this way, digital life produces false friendships. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了现在的友谊变得数字化，失去了原来的面对面友谊的意义。 5．How does the author lead in the topic of the text? A．By quoting mottos. B．By presenting a conversation. C．By introducing a game. D．By showing robots' storage data. 解析：B　推理判断题。第一段全段都是对话，第二段前几句也是对话，由此可知，作者通过呈现他和儿子的对话来引出文章的话题。故选B。 6．What does the author mainly explain in paragraph 3? A．Selfish friendship. B．Selfless sacrifices in life. C．The formation of shallow friendship. D．The meaning of deep friendship. 解析：D　段落大意题。由第三段第二至五句“相比之下，深厚的友谊是，你关心你的朋友是为了他，而不是为了任何利益。这就是无私的友谊。你只能有几个这样的朋友，因为他们需要大量的时间和精力。你们必须为彼此作出牺牲”可知，该段主要解释了深厚友谊的含义。故选D。 7．What does the author want to tell his students in paragraph 4? A．Strong bonds are formed easily. B．Ordering food online is convenient. C．Robots will have our back in trouble. D．Virtual friends won't make real sacrifices. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“友谊的存在需要‘陪伴’和‘奉献’。也许深厚友谊最显著的特征是‘奉献’，就像我的朋友会在我遇到麻烦时支持我，或者在我生病时给我端汤。只有强大的纽带才有力量激发真正的牺牲。但目前还不清楚为什么网上的‘朋友’会费心去做友谊这一艰苦的工作”可知，作者主要想告诉他的学生，网上的朋友不会作出真正的牺牲，他们无法在你遇到困难的时候给予你支持和帮助。故选D。 8．What is the text mainly about? A．Digitalized friendship. B．The benefits of digital life. C．Face­to­face communication. D．The sacrifices of online friends. 解析：A　主旨大意题。通读全文并结合文章最后一段的论述“数字生活填补并消耗了人们清醒时的生活时间，这样人们就不会加入体现友谊的具体活动，比如运动、集体艺术、自由放养的童年等。通过这种方式，数字生活造成了虚假的友谊。”可知，本文主要论述了现在的友谊变得数字化，失去了原来的面对面友谊的意义这一观点。因此，“Digitalized friendship (数字化友谊)”为本文主要描述的内容。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 Things You Should Stop Doing to Be Successful Are you a happy person? How often do you think of reasons why everyone around you is successful though they are not better than you in general? What is the problem? Here are some things you should stop doing to be successful. · 1 Different people may explain “success” in different ways：some of them measure it by money; others measure it by positive changes to people around them and the world in general. 2 Don't worry about what other people think but value what makes you happy. ·Do not believe anything without questioning it. 3 They are critical thinkers, and they understand that we all are dominated by our prejudices, so they will always question new information. ·Do not worry about all unpredictable things that may happen to you. If you want to be successful, stop thinking about everything that may happen to you. 4 Be ready to improve and change your deeds and decisions when things suddenly don't go according to your plan. ·Do not care about what other people think of you. 5 Your attempts to become “good” for everyone will turn into nothing but new worries, stresses, and problems.Successful people do not concentrate on the quantity of people to please, but worry about their quality and focus on developing friendships with people they really care about. A．Do not wait for the “right time” to do anything. B．Do not let others decide what “success” is for you. C．Successful people do not just accept any new information to be true. D．As far as we all know, it's impossible to please all the people who surround us. E．Successful people never ignore or avoid problems, no matter how big and awful they seem. F．If you want to be successful, do not let others force their explanation of success on you. G．Try to feel comfortable with the reality and accept the fact that your future can't be predicted. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了为了取得成功应该停止做的四件事。 1．解析：B　此处是本段小标题。根据其他段小标题的句式可知空处应是个祈使句，A项和B项符合。根据本段首句和最后一句可知本段讲的是人们对成功的定义不同，不要担心别人怎么想，只要珍惜使你自己快乐的事就够了。由此可知B项(不要让别人决定成功对你来说是什么)符合本段主旨。B项中的success与本段第一句中的success是词汇复现。 2．解析：F　根据下文“Don't worry about what other people think but value what makes you happy.”可知F项(如果你想成功，不要让别人把他们对成功的解释强加于你)与该句所说内容一致，都是讲的不要在乎别人对成功的定义是什么。故选F。 3．解析：C　根据本段小标题“Do not believe anything without questioning it.”可知，本段主要讲不要毫无疑问地相信任何事情。C项中的“...not just accept any new information to be true.”与设空处后的“question new information”相呼应，故选C。 4．解析：G　根据空前讲的“如果你想要成功，停止去想任何或许会发生在你身上的事情。”再结合选项可知G项(试着坦然面对现实，接受你的未来是无法预测的这个事实)符合语境，进一步说明这一点，故选G。 5．解析：D　根据本段小标题“Do not care about what other people think of you.”可知，本段主要讲不要在乎别人对你的看法，D项(众所周知，我们不可能取悦身边所有的人)符合本段主旨。D项中的“please all the people”与本段中的“the quantity of people to please”相呼应，故选D。 Ⅲ.语法填空 Albert Einstein was one of 1. greatest scientists in the world.He developed many theories and ideas.These theories contributed greatly 2. people's understanding of the universe. Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14, 1879.He did not do well in school, but he was 3. (interest) in mathematics and science.While at college, he studied physics and math.After graduation, he worked in a government office.At the same time, he continued studying physics on 4. (he) own. In 1905 Einstein caused a stir by 5. (publish) five major research papers.One of these papers contained 6. (complete) new ideas about the “properties” of light.Einstein 7. (receive) the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921, mainly for the work in this paper. In another paper, Einstein put forward the Special Theory of Relativity, 8. changed how scientists thought about energy and matter. During World War Ⅱ， Einstein advised the United States 9. (build) nuclear weapons (核武器).He felt that these weapons might 10. (need) to defeat the Nazis.However, after World War Ⅱ Einstein tried to prevent any future use of atomic weapons. Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey, on April 18, 1955. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了爱因斯坦的个人经历以及他的成就和贡献。 1．解析：the　考查冠词。空后的greatest为形容词最高级，前面要用定冠词the。 答案：the 2．解析：考查固定短语。contribute to“有助于”。 答案：to 3．解析：考查形容词。句意：他在学校表现不好，但他对数学和科学感兴趣。根据空前的系动词was可知设空处作表语；根据语境可知设空处表示“感兴趣的”，应用形容词interested作表语。be interested in “对……感兴趣”。 答案：interested 4．解析：考查代词。study on one's own自学。此处指爱因斯坦，提示词为he，应用形容词性物主代词his。 答案：his 5．解析：考查动名词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语caused，设空处应用非谓语动词形式；设空处在介词by后面，作by的宾语，应用动名词形式。 答案：publishing 6．解析：考查副词。修饰形容词new应用副词completely。 答案：completely 7．解析：考查动词时态。设空处作谓语，根据后文中的“in 1921”可知应用一般过去时。 答案：received 8．解析：考查定语从句。句意：在另一篇论文中，爱因斯坦提出了“狭义相对论”，它改变了科学家们对能量和物质的看法。“ changed how scientists thought about energy and matter.”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“the Special Theory of Relativity，”且关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which。 答案：which 9．解析：考查动词不定式。advise sb to do sth“建议某人做某事”。 答案：to build 10．解析：考查被动语态。分析句子结构可知，felt后为that引导的宾语从句；在该宾语从句中，these weapons是主语，“might (need)”为谓语，these weapons与need构成被动关系，应用被动语态；might后跟动词原形，故填be needed。 答案：be needed 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$