精品解析：甘肃省兰州市第五十五中学2023-2024学年八年级上学期开学考试英语试题

2023暑假作业检测 八英语试卷 一、完形填空 (共l5小题, 每小题l分, 满分l5分) 通读下面的短文, 掌握其大意, 然后在各小题所给的四个选项中, 选出一个最佳选项。 A Everyone gets headaches sometimes. But how ___1___ do you know about headaches? What may cause (引起) ___2___? And what should we do if we have a headache? ___3___ should we go to see a doctor? A headache is not a disease (疾病), but it may show that ___4___ in our body is wrong. We may have ___5___ than one headache each month. Usually a fever or some other ___6___ may cause headaches. We may get a headache when we work too hard. We may get a headache when we don’t get enough ___7___.We may get a headache when we exercise on an empty (空的) stomach. What should we do if we have a headache? We should lie down and rest. We should have a ___8___ sleep. We shouldn’t take too much exercise if we are ___9___. If we have headaches _____10_____, we need to see a doctor. 1. A. many B. long C. much D. often 2. A. it B. this C. that D. them 3. A. When B. How C. Why D. Where 4. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything 5. A. less B. more C. little D. most 6. A. lifestyle B. ways C. medicine D. illnesses 7. A. money B. sleep C. exercise D. food 8. A. same B. short C. bad D. good 9. A. hungry B. thirsty C. tired D. stressed 10. A. never B. hardly ever C. often D. every month 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了我们头痛的原因以及应对方法。 【1题详解】 句意：但是你对头痛了解多少呢？ many很多的，how many“多少”，修饰可数名词；long长的，how long“多长时间”；much很多的，how much“多少”，修饰不可数名词；often经常，how often“多久一次”。根据“about headaches”可知，此处表示关于头疼，你了解多少，空格后没有名词，因此用how much。故选C。 【2题详解】 句意：是什么引起头痛的呢？ it它；this这个；that那个；them他们。此处代指复数名词headaches，用代词them，故选D。 【3题详解】 句意：我们应该何时去看医生？ When何时；How如何；Why为什么；Where哪里。根据“If we have headaches..., we need to see a doctor.”可知，此处表示在什么时候去看医生，故选A。 【4题详解】 句意：头痛不是一种疾病，但它可能表明我们的身体出了问题。 nothing没什么；anything任何事；something某事，某物；everything一切。此处用于肯定句，表示身体某方面出问题，用代词something。故选C。 【5题详解】 句意：我们每个月可能不止一次头痛。 less更少的；more更多的；little很少的；most最多的。根据“If we have headaches..., we need to see a doctor.”可知，经常头痛，因此不是一个月只痛一次，more than one“不止一个”，故选B。 【6题详解】 句意：通常发烧或其他疾病会引起头痛。 lifestyle生活方式；ways方法；medicine药；illnesses疾病。此处与fever并列，因此表示疾病，故选D。 【7题详解】 句意：当我们睡眠不足时，我们可能会头痛。 money金钱；sleep睡眠；exercise锻炼；food食物。根据“We should have a...sleep.”可知，此处表示睡眠不足。故选B。 【8题详解】 句意：我们应该有一个好的睡眠。 same同样的；short短的；bad坏的；good好的。根据“We may get a headache when we don’t get enough...”可知，我们没有足够的睡眠，可能会头痛，因此应该有一个好的睡眠。故选D。 【9题详解】 句意：如果我们累了，我们不应该做太多锻炼。 hungry生气的；thirsty渴的；tired累的；stressed有压力的。根据“What should we do if we have a headache? We should lie down and rest.”可知，头痛时，我们应该躺下休息，因此太累了，就不要做太多锻炼。故选C。 【10题详解】 句意：如果我们经常头痛，我们需要去看医生。 never从不；hardly ever几乎不；often经常；every month每个月。根据“we need to see a doctor”可知，我们需要去看医生，应是经常头痛，故选C。 B ___11___ Mr. Wang and passengers, the man was saved by the doctors ___12___ , “It’s sad that many people don’t want to help others. because they don’t want any trouble. ”But the drivers didn’t ___13___ himself. He only thought about ___14___ a life. Finally, all the people agreed ___15___ his ideas. 11. A. Thanks for B. Thanks to C. Thank to D. Thank for 12. A. on time B. in time C. at times D. all the time 13. A. think of B. think over C. think about D. think to 14. A. saving B. rescue C. to save D. saved 15. A. for B. with C. on D. as 【答案】11. B 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙小短文。文章讲述了王先生和乘客们帮助了一位男士，他得以及时被医生救治。尽管社会上有些人因为害怕麻烦而不愿意帮助他人，但司机没有考虑自己的安危，只想着救人。最终，所有人都接受了司机的想法。 【11题详解】 句意：多亏了王先生和乘客们，那位男士及时被医生救了。 thanks for为……谢；thanks to幸亏；由于；因为；thank to 短语不正确，应该是thanks to ；thank for短语不正确，正确用法是thank sb for sth。根据句意，是由于王先生和乘客们的帮助，男士才及时得到救治，要表达“幸亏；由于”的含义，用介词短语thanks to，故选B。 【12题详解】 句意：多亏了王先生和乘客们，那位男士及时被医生救了。 on time准时；in time及时；at times有时，偶尔；all the time一直。根据句意可知，那位男士及时得到了救治，故选B。 【13题详解】 句意：但是司机没有考虑自己。 think of想出（主意、名字、建议等），想起，回忆起；think over仔细考虑；think about考虑到；关心；替……着想；think to短语不正确。根据句意以及后文“He only thought about saving a life.”可知司机没有考虑自己，而是考虑救人。故选C。 【14题详解】 句意：他只考虑了救人。 saving拯救，挽救；rescue营救，救援；to save去拯救；saved被救根据“thought about”可知，about介词后面需要接动名词，故选A。 【15题详解】 句意：最终，所有人都同意了司机的想法。 for为了；with和……一起；on在……上面，关于；as如同，作为。agree with表示同意某人或某人的观点、意见或陈述。它通常与表示人或观点的名词连用。agree on表示在某个特定的主题、计划或决定上达成一致。它通常与表示事物或概念的名词连用。因为这里指的是人们在司机的想法上达成了一致。故选C。 二、阅读理解 (共15小题, 每小题2分, 满分30分) 阅读下面A、B、C三篇短文, 根据短文内容和问题. 从题后A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 A Mr. Clarke hated to do the housework. He wouldn’t stay at home on weekends. As his wife always told him to do some washing or cleaning, or he had to cook for his family. So he always made some excuses（借口）on Friday evenings. Recently Mr. Clarke was interested in playing cards, but he was afraid to let his wife know. So every Sunday afternoon he brought some fish home. It made his wife happy and she never asked where he spent his weekends. One Saturday morning, Mr. Clarke left home at 7 o’clock. He took a bus and got off at a stop near a small town. His friends were waiting for him in a small hotel. They played cards there. Mr. Clarke didn’t go home until 7 o’clock on Sunday evening. He went in the shop near the bus stop as usual. As soon as the shopkeeper saw him, the man said, “I’m sorry, Mr. Clarke. I have no fish today. What about some chicken legs?” “Don’t be silly!” said Mr. Clarke, “I can’t tell my wife that I have fished some chicken legs, can I?” 16. Mr. Clarke didn’t want to stay at home on weekends because __________. A. he wouldn’t do any housework B. he didn’t love his wife C. he was very busy D. he wanted to stay in a hotel 17. What was Mr. Clarke interested in __________ ? A. Fishing. B. Playing cards. C. Shopping. D. Swimming. 18. How long was Mr. Clarke away from his home ? A. About 24 hours. B. About 36 hours. C. About 48 hours. D. About 72 hours. 19. Mr. Clarke played cards with his friends __________. A. at home B. in a shop C. in a hotel D. at hospital 20. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage ? A. Mr. Clarke hardly stayed at home on weekends. B. Mr. Clarke played cards only this weekend. C. Mrs. Clarke believed he fished on weekends. D. Mr. Clarke didn’t like to do the housework. 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. B 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文叙述了克拉克讨厌做家务，所以他不愿周末待在家里。最近他对打牌感兴趣，但不敢让妻子知道，他会在每周日带着鱼回家，这使妻子很高兴，妻子也从不问他的周末在哪里度过。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Mr. Clarke hated to do the housework. He wouldn’t stay at home on weekends.”可知，克拉克先生不想做家务，所以周末不会待在家里。故选A。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Recently Mr. Clarke was interested in playing cards”可知，克拉克先生对打牌感兴趣。故选B。 【18题详解】 推理判断题。根据“One Saturday morning, Mr. Clarke left home at 7 o’clock.”及“Mr. Clarke didn’t go home until 7 o’clock on Sunday evening.”可知，克拉克先生星期六上午7点离开家，星期天晚上7点回家，离开家共计36小时。故选B。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据“His friends were waiting for him in a small hotel. They played cards there.”可知，克拉克先生和他的朋友们在一家宾馆打牌。故选C。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Recently Mr. Clarke was interested in playing cards, but he was afraid to let his wife know. So every Sunday afternoon he brought some fish home.”可知，克拉克先生对打牌感兴趣，所以每个周末都会谎称去钓鱼，故他打牌这件事并不是只发生在这个周末。故选B。 B Each nation has many good people who help to take care of others. For example, some high school and college students in the United States often spend many hours as volunteers in hospitals, orphanages (孤儿院) or homes for the aged. They read books to the people in these places, or they just visit them and play games with them or listen to their problems. Other volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or old. They paint, clean up, or repair their houses, do their shopping or mow (修整) their lawns (草坪). For boys who no longer have fathers there is an organization called Big Brothers. College students and other men take these boys to baseball games or on fishing trips and help them to get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers. Each city has a number of clubs where boys and girls can go to play games or learn crafts. Some of these clubs show movies or organize short trips to the mountains, beaches, museums or other places of interest. Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and college students as volunteers because they are young enough to remember the problems of younger boys and girls. Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others. 21. Where can you often find volunteers in the United States? A. At a bus stop. B. In a park. C. In a hospital. D. In a shop. 22. How do volunteers usually help those who are sick or old? A. They mow their lawns, do their shopping and clean up their house. B. They cook, sew or wash their clothes. C. They tell them stories and sing and dance for them. D. They clean, wax (给……上蜡) and repair their cars. 23. What is Big Brothers? A It’s the name of a club. B. It’s a home for children who have no brothers. C. It’s the name of a film. D. It’s an organization for boys who no longer have fathers. 24. Why do most of the boys’ and girls’ clubs use many high school and college students as volunteers? A. Because they have a lot of free time. B. Because they can still remember what they felt when they were younger. C. Because they know how to do the work. D. Because they like younger boys and girls. 25. Volunteers think that ________. A. they have got to be unhappy in order to make other people happy B. the happiest people in the world are those who make themselves happy C. the happiest people in the world are those who are young and healthy D. bringing happiness to others makes them the happiest people in the world 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了美国的一些高中生和大学生是如何当志愿者帮助他人的。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“For example, some high school and college students in the United States often spend many hours as volunteers in hospitals, orphanages (孤儿院) or homes for the aged.”可知，在美国，你可以在医院、孤儿院或敬老院发现志愿者。故选C。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Other volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or old. They paint, clean up, or repair their houses, do their shopping or mow (修整) their lawns (草坪).”可知，志愿者去病人或老人的家里工作，帮助他们粉刷、打扫或修理房子、购物或修整草坪。故选A。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“For boys who no longer have fathers there is an organization called Big Brothers.”可知，Big Brothers是一个为失去父亲的男孩设立的组织，故选D。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and college students as volunteers because they are young enough to remember the problems of younger boys and girls.”可知，大多数男孩和女孩俱乐部使用许多高中生和大学生作为志愿者，因为他们还记得自己年轻时的感受，故选B。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others.”可知，志愿者相信，世界上最快乐的人是那些帮助别人带来快乐的人。因此他们认为给别人带来快乐会让他们成为世界上最快乐的人，故选D。 C In March, 2013, the H7N9 virus hit Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and so on. It seemed that most people who were infected with H7N9 had the common flu. Some people suffered from a fever or a cough. Don’t be afraid — it’s not easy to be infected with the virus. Here is some advice to help you protect yourself when it comes. Wash your hands. You need to wash your hands with soap and hot water before you eat, after you use the toilet, and after you touch animals, because your hands may carry viruses. Cover your nose and mouth. When someone sneezes (打喷嚏) or coughs, flu viruses can travel as far as one meter through the air, so you’d better keep a proper distance while talking to someone who has a cold. And always cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough, and then clean your hands. Wear a mask (口罩). Some doctors say that masks can stop the flu as much as 80%, but if you don’t wash your hands often, it’s no use wearing a mask. And it’s necessary to wear the mask in the groups of people. Do sports often. Exercises will help make your body strong enough to resist the virus. 26. Most people who were infected with H7N9 had . A. a common flu B. a stomachache C. a headache D. a cold 27. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Some people who were infected with the H7N9 virus had a toothache. B. You should cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough. C. Some doctors say that masks can stop the flu as much as 100%. D. It’s easy to be infected with the H7N9 virus. 28. How many ways to stop the virus are mentioned in the passage? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 29. What does the underlined word “resist” mean in Chinese? A. 抵抗 B. 传播 C. 感染 D. 消灭 30. What’s the main idea of this passage? A. It tells us how to wash hands. B. It tells us why we should use masks. C. It tells us not to touch animals. D. It gives us some advice on how to protect ourselves when the H7N9 virus comes. 【答案】26. A 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. D 【解析】 【分析】文章介绍了H7N9流感病毒在3月份袭击了几个城市，文章介绍了预防这个病毒的几个方法，勤洗手，当别人咳嗽或打喷嚏时捂住嘴和鼻子，戴口罩，多运动增强自己的抵抗力。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据It seemed that most people who were infected with H7N9 had the common flu可知是得了普通流感；故选A 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据Some people suffered from a fever or a cough.可知A不对；根据nd always cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough,可知B对；根据Wear a mask (口罩). Some doctors say that masks can stop the flu as much as 80%,可知C不对；根据it’s not easy to be infected with the virus.可知D不对；故选B 28题详解】 细节理解题。根据Wash your hands.和Cover your nose and mouth和Wear a mask (口罩).以及Do sports often.可知是4个；故选B 【29题详解】 词义猜测题。根据Exercises will help make your body strong enough和 the virus可猜测是多运动增强自己来抵抗病毒；故选A 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章介绍了H7N9流感病毒在3月份袭击了几个城市，文章介绍了预防这个病毒的几个方法，勤洗手，当别人咳嗽或打喷嚏时捂住嘴和鼻子，戴口罩，多运动增强自己的抵抗力。故选D 三. 任务型完型填空。（每空1.5分, 满分15分） 根据短文内容, 从方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式填空, 使短文完整、连贯, 每词限用一次。 spend, free, continue, happy, help, make, provide, study, unable, willing Amanda is a very kind girl. She is always ____31____ to help people who are in trouble. Now Amanda is ____32____ in the university of Texas. At the same time, she is volunteering to teach at Heart House in her ____33____ time. Heart House is a local after－school program for children. It ____34____ some extra education for those children who are not doing well in their studies. Amanda goes to Heart House to teach the children twice a week. She has also ____35____ a website for Heart House. In this way, more people have more chances to learn about Heart House and ____36____ the children there. Because of Amanda’s website, every week 125 volunteers ____37____ about four hours helping the children at Heart House now. “Without Amanda’s website, Heart House would be ____38____ to have enough volunteers. Her support is much appreciated.” the program leader says. “I feel happy to teach those kids how to study. The ____39____ thing is that I can also learn a lot from them. I won’t give up volunteering after graduation. I hope to ____40____ teaching kids who need help.” Amanda says. 【答案】31. willing 32. studying 33. free 34. provides 35 made 36. help 37. spend 38. unable 39. happier 40. continue 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了一个善良的女孩Amanda，她自愿在爱心之家教书，帮助学生学习的故事。 【31题详解】 句意：她总是乐于帮助那些遇到困难的人。根据句意和选词，可知是乐意做某事，be willing to do sth.“愿意做某事”，故填willing。 【32题详解】 句意：现在Amanda正在德克萨斯大学学习。根据“in the university of Texas”结合选词，可知空格处应填入动词“学习”。根据Now和be动词is可知是现在进行时态，谓语动词应用现在分词，故填studying。 【33题详解】 句意：同时，她还在业余时间自愿在Heart House教书。根据前文可知Amanda正在上学，因此她是在业余时间自愿在Heart House教书，in one’s free time“在某人的空闲时间”，故填free。 【34题详解】 句意：它为那些学习成绩不佳的儿童提供一些额外的教育。根据“Heart House is a local after－school program for children.”结合选词，可知是提供额外教育，provide sth. for sb“为某人提供某物”，时态是一般现在时，主语it为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式，故填provides。 【35题详解】 句意：她还为Heart House制作了一个网站。根据句意可知，Amanda制作了一个网站，句子为现在完成时，句中has为助动词，用make来表示制作，has/have+过去分词是现在完成时的结构，故填made。 【36题详解】 句意：通过这种方式，更多的人有机会了解Heart House并帮助那里的孩子们。根据“learn about Heart House”结合选项，可知帮助那里的孩子们。have chance to do sth“有机会做某事”，and前后一致性，所以用动词原形，故填help。 【37题详解】 句意：由于Amanda的网站，现在每周有125名志愿者花费大约四个小时在Heart House帮助孩子们。spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”，结合此题中的“helping”和语境可知，应该填spend来表示花费，时态是一般现在时，且主语volunteers是复数，谓语动词应用原形，故填spend。 【38题详解】 句意：项目负责人说：“如果没有Amanda的网站，Heart House将无法拥有足够的志愿者。她的支持受到高度赞赏。”根据句意可知，没有Amanda的网站，就不会有足够的志愿者，be unable to do sth.“不能做某事”，故填unable。 【39题详解】 句意：更让我高兴的是，我也可以从他们那里学到很多东西。根据“I feel happy to teach those kids how to study.”结合选词，可知这里要表达更高兴的事情，应用形容词比较级，故填happier。 【40题详解】 句意：我希望继续教那些需要帮助的孩子。根据句意和选词，可知是要继续教需要帮助的孩子，continue doing sth.“继续做某事”，hope to do sth“希望做某事”，故填continue。 四. 任务型阅读理解(每题2分, 共10分) A mother planted many kinds of vegetables in her garden. One morning she said to her daughter, “Betty, come here. Look at all these little yellow marks on the leaves of the cabbages. They are eggs of a kind of insects. They are very beautiful but very bad for cabbages. This afternoon you must find all the eggs on the leaves and kill them. In this way, you will help us have better, greener and bigger cabbages.” Betty didn’t think she should do it at once and in the end she forgot all about it. Her mother was ill for a few days and couldn’t work in her garden. When she was well, she took Betty to the garden to see the cabbages. To their surprise, the insects had eaten up every leaf. When Betty saw this, she was upset and began to cry. Then her mother said to her, “We should never put off what we have to do today till tomorrow. And you must learn to deal with the things while they are small, or it will turn into a big problem.” 41. 判断正误题 （正确用“T”错误用“F”） All these little yellow marks on the leaves of the cabbages are eggs of a kind of insects. _____________________________________________ 42. 回答问题 Are the yellow marks bad for cabbages? _____________________________________________ 43. 完成句子 They must find all the eggs on the leaves and kill them to _____________________________________________ 44. 根据此句回答问题 Why her mother couldn’t work in her garden? _____________________________________________ 45. 英译汉 And you must learn to deal with the things while they are small, or it will turn into a big problem. _____________________________________________ 【答案】41. T 42. Yes, they are. 43. have better, greener and bigger cabbages. 44. Because her mother was ill for a few days. 45. 你必须学会在事情还小的时候处理它们，否则它们就会变成一个大问题。 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个母亲告诉女儿Betty，菜园里的卷心菜叶子上有昆虫的卵，需要及时清除以保护卷心菜。但Betty没有立即行动，最终忘记了这件事。几天后，当母亲病愈再次来到菜园时，发现昆虫已经吃掉了所有的叶子。Betty感到难过并哭泣，母亲则教导她不要拖延，要从小问题开始解决，否则问题会变得更难以处理。 【41题详解】 根据第一段“Look at all these little yellow marks on the leaves of the cabbages. They are eggs of a kind of insects.”可知，卷心菜叶子上的这些黄色小斑点都是一种昆虫的卵。故填T。 【42题详解】 根据第一段“Look at all these little yellow marks on the leaves of the cabbages. They are eggs of a kind of insects. They are very beautiful but very bad for cabbages.”可知虫卵对卷心菜是有害的，故是肯定的回答。故填Yes, they are. 【43题详解】 根据第一段“This afternoon you must find all the eggs on the leaves and kill them. In this way, you will help us have better, greener and bigger cabbages.”可知，她们必须找到叶子上所有的虫卵并杀死它们，才能得到更好，更绿，更大的卷心菜。用不定式短语“to have better, greener and bigger cabbages”作为目的状语，用来说明“kill them”的目的。故填have better, greener and bigger cabbages. 【44题详解】 根据第二段“Her mother was ill for a few days and couldn’t work in her garden.”可知，她妈妈是因为生病了不能在菜园里干活。故填Because her mother was ill for a few days. 【45题详解】 you must你必须；learn to deal with the things学会处理事情；while they are small在事情很小的时候；or 否则；it will turn into a big problem它们就会变成一个大问题。故填：你必须学会在事情还小的时候处理它们，否则它们就会变成一个大问题。 五. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。（每题1分, 共10分） 46 They put off ________ (have) the meeting. 【答案】having 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们推迟开会。have“进行”，是动词，put off doing“推迟做某事”，故填having。 47. You should ask him ________ (not go) out at night. 【答案】not to go 【解析】 【详解】句意：你应该叫他晚上不要出去。ask sb not to do sth“要求某人不要做某事”，动词不定式作宾补，故填not to go。 48. Do you have any ________ (difficult) with your homework? 【答案】difficulty 【解析】 【详解】句意：你做作业有困难吗？空前有any修饰，空处要填名词，difficult“困难的”，是形容词，difficulty泛指“困难”时是不可数名词，故填difficulty。 49. Thank you for your ________. (kind) 【答案】kindness 【解析】 【详解】句意：感谢您的仁慈。kind善良的；your是形容词性物主代词，后面需接名词；结合单词提示，可知用kind的名称形式，故填kindness。 50. We often hear the girl ________ (sing) in the next room. 【答案】sing 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们经常听到隔壁房间的女孩在唱歌。根据空前的hear和提示词sing可知这里表示“听见某人做某事”，根据often可知是经常听到，用hear sb.do sth.“听见某人做某事”，sing“唱歌”，用动词原形，故填sing。 51. I cut one of my ________ (finger) when I was cooking. 【答案】fingers 【解析】 【详解】句意：我做饭的时候割到了一个手指。finger“手指”，one of+复数名词，表示“……之一”，因此用复数名词fingers。故填fingers。 52. “You are old enough and you should learn to be ________ (dependent), dear.” my mother said to me. 【答案】independent 【解析】 【详解】句意：妈妈对我说：“你已经足够大了，应该学会变得独立，亲爱的。”根据句子结构可知，空格处在句中作表语，应填形容词。dependent“依赖的，依靠的”，根据“You are old enough”可知，是要学会独立，independent“独立的”，符合语境。故填independent。 53. Could you please ________ (lend) me your bike? 【答案】lend 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能把你的自行车借给我吗？lend“借给”，是动词，Could you please do sth?表示“你能做某事吗？”故填lend。 54. In order ________ (not be) late for school, she got up at 6: 00 am. 【答案】not to be 【解析】 【详解】句意：她为了上学不迟到，早上六点起床。in order not to do sth“为了不做某事”，动词不定式作目的状语，be late for“迟到”。故填not to be。 55. Betty has no idea how ________ (take) care of herself. 【答案】to take 【解析】 【详解】句意：贝蒂不知道如何照顾自己。take“拿走”，疑问词+to do作宾语，故填to take。 六. 根据汉语意思完成句子, 每空一词, 每题2分, 共10分） 56. 我愿意让生病的孩子快乐起来。 I’d like to ________ ________ sick kids. 【答案】 ①. cheer ②. up 【解析】 【详解】根据中英文句子对比可知，空格处需要填入动词短语表达“使快乐起来”，cheer up“使高兴起来，使振作起来”，是固定搭配，would like to do sth.“想要做某事”，故填cheer；up。 57. 李斌长得像他父亲。 Li Bin ________ ________ his father。 【答案】 ①. looks ②. like 【解析】 【详解】look like“长得像”，主语Li Bin是第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填looks；like。 58. 医生不得不切除他的右腿。 The doctor had to ________ ________ his right leg. 【答案】 ①. cut ②. off 【解析】 【详解】cut off“切除”，是动词短语，位于情态动词had to后，用动词原形，故填cut；off。 59. 他多次尝试戒烟，但失败了。 He tried _______ ________ smoking many times, but failed. 【答案】 ①. giving ②. up 【解析】 【详解】通过中英文句子对比，可知空格处需要填入动词短语来表达“戒，放弃”的意思，“戒，放弃”可用give up来表示，give up smoking意为“戒烟”，空格前用了动词try，try doing sth.意为“尝试做某事”，故填giving；up。 60. 我把一些衣服赠送给了这个小女孩，因为我穿着太小。 I ________ ________ some clothes to the little girl because they are too small for me. 【答案】 ①. gave ②. away 【解析】 【详解】根据句意可知，空格处缺谓语动词，表达“赠送”意义，give away“赠送”，表示把东西赠送或捐赠给他人，符合语境；赠送衣服的行为发生在过去，应使用一般过去时态，give过去式为gave，故填gave；away。 十. 书面表达（10分） 61. 书面表达 你看过类似的老人跌倒无人理会的新闻吗？你又听说过最美女教师救她的学生的故事吗？对这两种社会现象，你有什么看法呢？请你以“Would you like to help others?”为题写一篇短文。 内容包括：1. 你对上面其中一件事的看法。 2. 如果你遇到了这样的事情会怎样做。 3. 讲述你的一次类似经历。 作文要求：1. 词数80个左右。不得照抄原文；不得出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名。 2. 条理清晰，语句连贯。 Would you like to help others? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Would you like to help others? After hearing these events,I was deeply shocked.Why didn’t they help the old man? The things they did were so terrible! We need to help each other,don’t we? I think,if I were one of the passers-by,I would call the police and try my best to help the old man.Last year,on my way to school,I saw a car accident happen.I stopped,called the police and asked other people to help the woman who was injured.At last,she was saved. If we help each other every day,our world will be warmer and more beautiful. 【解析】 【详解】这篇作文要求我们Would you like to help others?为题，写一篇作文，选择题目中的一件事，表述自己的看法，并假设自己遇到类似的事情该怎样做，并讲述自己类似的一次经历。题目中给列出了大概的写作提纲，而具体的内容和细节都需要学生们自己发挥想象力进行补充，这是写作中的一个难点。学生们可以从自己的现实生活出发，搜索相关的素材，然后用正确的英语表达出来。审题可知，这篇短文应主要使用一般现在时态，根据表达需要使用适当的人称，注意谓语动词的正确形式。写作时应注意英语表达习惯和汉语是不同的，不能按照汉语思维逐词翻译，应从句子的整体结构出发，写完整的句子。如可以使用较常见的主谓宾或主系表结构，这种句子结构简单，易于掌握，不易出错。为提升文章档次，可以穿插使用并列句或复合句，如and, but连接的并列句、宾语从句、状语从句等。同时注意语句之间使用恰当的连接成分，使文意连贯。 【点睛】这是一篇优秀的作文，短文作者根据题目要求，以Would you like to help others?为题，介绍了自己对老人跌倒无人理会这样的事件的看法，假设自己遇到了这样的事情会怎么做，并讲述了自己的一次类似的经历。短文内容完整，包含了题目中要求的所有内容，且对细节进行了想象的描述，使文章内容更加充实、丰富。叙述清晰，有层次。其次短文中使用了正确的人称和时态，短文以第一人称、一般现在时和一般过去时为主来叙述，注意了谓语动词正确形式的变化，语法规范，用词准确，句式结构完整，表达符合英语的习惯。句式以简单句结构为主，也穿插使用了并列句和宾语从句、状语从句等复合句。表达流畅，文意连贯。短文中较好的句型有After hearing these events, I was deeply shocked.、I think, if I were one of the passers-by, I would call the police and try my best to help the old man、I stopped, called the police and asked other people to help the woman who was injured、If we help each other every day, our world will be warmer and more beautiful等等。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023暑假作业检测 八英语试卷 一、完形填空 (共l5小题, 每小题l分, 满分l5分) 通读下面的短文, 掌握其大意, 然后在各小题所给的四个选项中, 选出一个最佳选项。 A Everyone gets headaches sometimes. But how ___1___ do you know about headaches? What may cause (引起) ___2___? And what should we do if we have a headache? ___3___ should we go to see a doctor? A headache is not a disease (疾病), but it may show that ___4___ in our body is wrong. We may have ___5___ than one headache each month. Usually a fever or some other ___6___ may cause headaches. We may get a headache when we work too hard. We may get a headache when we don’t get enough ___7___.We may get a headache when we exercise on an empty (空的) stomach. What should we do if we have a headache? We should lie down and rest. We should have a ___8___ sleep. We shouldn’t take too much exercise if we are ___9___. If we have headaches _____10_____, we need to see a doctor. 1. A. many B. long C. much D. often 2. A. it B. this C. that D. them 3. A. When B. How C. Why D. Where 4. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything 5. A. less B. more C. little D. most 6. A. lifestyle B. ways C. medicine D. illnesses 7. A. money B. sleep C. exercise D. food 8. A. same B. short C. bad D. good 9. A. hungry B. thirsty C. tired D. stressed 10. A. never B. hardly ever C. often D. every month B ___11___ Mr. Wang and passengers, the man was saved by the doctors ___12___ , “It’s sad that many people don’t want to help others. because they don’t want any trouble. ”But the drivers didn’t ___13___ himself. He only thought about ___14___ a life. Finally, all the people agreed ___15___ his ideas. 11 A. Thanks for B. Thanks to C. Thank to D. Thank for 12. A. on time B. in time C. at times D. all the time 13. A. think of B. think over C. think about D. think to 14. A. saving B. rescue C. to save D. saved 15. A. for B. with C. on D. as 二、阅读理解 (共15小题, 每小题2分, 满分30分) 阅读下面A、B、C三篇短文, 根据短文内容和问题. 从题后A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 A Mr. Clarke hated to do the housework. He wouldn’t stay at home on weekends. As his wife always told him to do some washing or cleaning, or he had to cook for his family. So he always made some excuses（借口）on Friday evenings. Recently Mr. Clarke was interested in playing cards, but he was afraid to let his wife know. So every Sunday afternoon he brought some fish home. It made his wife happy and she never asked where he spent his weekends. One Saturday morning, Mr. Clarke left home at 7 o’clock. He took a bus and got off at a stop near a small town. His friends were waiting for him in a small hotel. They played cards there. Mr. Clarke didn’t go home until 7 o’clock on Sunday evening. He went in the shop near the bus stop as usual. As soon as the shopkeeper saw him, the man said, “I’m sorry, Mr. Clarke. I have no fish today. What about some chicken legs?” “Don’t be silly!” said Mr. Clarke, “I can’t tell my wife that I have fished some chicken legs, can I?” 16. Mr. Clarke didn’t want to stay at home on weekends because __________. A. he wouldn’t do any housework B. he didn’t love his wife C. he was very busy D. he wanted to stay in a hotel 17. What was Mr. Clarke interested in __________ ? A. Fishing. B. Playing cards. C. Shopping. D. Swimming. 18. How long was Mr. Clarke away from his home ? A. About 24 hours. B. About 36 hours. C. About 48 hours. D. About 72 hours. 19. Mr. Clarke played cards with his friends __________. A. at home B. in a shop C. in a hotel D. at hospital 20. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage ? A. Mr. Clarke hardly stayed at home on weekends. B. Mr. Clarke played cards only this weekend. C. Mrs. Clarke believed he fished on weekends. D. Mr. Clarke didn’t like to do the housework. B Each nation has many good people who help to take care of others. For example, some high school and college students in the United States often spend many hours as volunteers in hospitals, orphanages (孤儿院) or homes for the aged. They read books to the people in these places, or they just visit them and play games with them or listen to their problems. Other volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or old. They paint, clean up, or repair their houses, do their shopping or mow (修整) their lawns (草坪). For boys who no longer have fathers there is an organization called Big Brothers. College students and other men take these boys to baseball games or on fishing trips and help them to get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers. Each city has a number of clubs where boys and girls can go to play games or learn crafts. Some of these clubs show movies or organize short trips to the mountains beaches, museums or other places of interest. Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and college students as volunteers because they are young enough to remember the problems of younger boys and girls. Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others. 21 Where can you often find volunteers in the United States? A. At a bus stop. B. In a park. C. In a hospital. D. In a shop. 22. How do volunteers usually help those who are sick or old? A. They mow their lawns, do their shopping and clean up their house. B. They cook, sew or wash their clothes. C. They tell them stories and sing and dance for them. D. They clean, wax (给……上蜡) and repair their cars. 23. What is Big Brothers? A. It’s the name of a club. B. It’s a home for children who have no brothers. C. It’s the name of a film. D. It’s an organization for boys who no longer have fathers. 24. Why do most of the boys’ and girls’ clubs use many high school and college students as volunteers? A. Because they have a lot of free time. B. Because they can still remember what they felt when they were younger. C. Because they know how to do the work. D. Because they like younger boys and girls. 25. Volunteers think that ________. A. they have got to be unhappy in order to make other people happy B. the happiest people in the world are those who make themselves happy C. the happiest people in the world are those who are young and healthy D. bringing happiness to others makes them the happiest people in the world C In March, 2013, the H7N9 virus hit Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and so on. It seemed that most people who were infected with H7N9 had the common flu. Some people suffered from a fever or a cough. Don’t be afraid — it’s not easy to be infected with the virus. Here is some advice to help you protect yourself when it comes. Wash your hands. You need to wash your hands with soap and hot water before you eat, after you use the toilet, and after you touch animals, because your hands may carry viruses. Cover your nose and mouth. When someone sneezes (打喷嚏) or coughs, flu viruses can travel as far as one meter through the air, so you’d better keep a proper distance while talking to someone who has a cold. And always cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough, and then clean your hands. Wear a mask (口罩). Some doctors say that masks can stop the flu as much as 80%, but if you don’t wash your hands often, it’s no use wearing a mask. And it’s necessary to wear the mask in the groups of people. Do sports often. Exercises will help make your body strong enough to resist the virus. 26. Most people who were infected with H7N9 had . A. a common flu B. a stomachache C. a headache D. a cold 27. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Some people who were infected with the H7N9 virus had a toothache. B. You should cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough. C. Some doctors say that masks can stop the flu as much as 100%. D. It’s easy to be infected with the H7N9 virus. 28. How many ways to stop the virus are mentioned in the passage? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 29. What does the underlined word “resist” mean in Chinese? A. 抵抗 B. 传播 C. 感染 D. 消灭 30 What’s the main idea of this passage? A. It tells us how to wash hands. B. It tells us why we should use masks. C. It tells us not to touch animals. D. It gives us some advice on how to protect ourselves when the H7N9 virus comes. 三. 任务型完型填空。（每空1.5分, 满分15分） 根据短文内容, 从方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式填空, 使短文完整、连贯, 每词限用一次。 spend, free, continue, happy, help, make, provide, study, unable, willing Amanda is a very kind girl. She is always ____31____ to help people who are in trouble. Now Amanda is ____32____ in the university of Texas. At the same time, she is volunteering to teach at Heart House in her ____33____ time. Heart House is a local after－school program for children. It ____34____ some extra education for those children who are not doing well in their studies. Amanda goes to Heart House to teach the children twice a week. She has also ____35____ a website for Heart House. In this way, more people have more chances to learn about Heart House and ____36____ the children there. Because of Amanda’s website, every week 125 volunteers ____37____ about four hours helping the children at Heart House now. “Without Amanda’s website, Heart House would be ____38____ to have enough volunteers. Her support is much appreciated.” the program leader says. “I feel happy to teach those kids how to study. The ____39____ thing is that I can also learn a lot from them. I won’t give up volunteering after graduation. I hope to ____40____ teaching kids who need help.” Amanda says. 四. 任务型阅读理解(每题2分, 共10分) A mother planted many kinds of vegetables in her garden. One morning she said to her daughter, “Betty, come here. Look at all these little yellow marks on the leaves of the cabbages. They are eggs of a kind of insects. They are very beautiful but very bad for cabbages. This afternoon you must find all the eggs on the leaves and kill them. In this way, you will help us have better, greener and bigger cabbages.” Betty didn’t think she should do it at once and in the end she forgot all about it. Her mother was ill for a few days and couldn’t work in her garden. When she was well, she took Betty to the garden to see the cabbages. To their surprise, the insects had eaten up every leaf. When Betty saw this, she was upset and began to cry. Then her mother said to her, “We should never put off what we have to do today till tomorrow. And you must learn to deal with the things while they are small, or it will turn into a big problem.” 41. 判断正误题 （正确用“T”错误用“F”） All these little yellow marks on the leaves of the cabbages are eggs of a kind of insects. _____________________________________________ 42. 回答问题 Are the yellow marks bad for cabbages? _____________________________________________ 43. 完成句子 They must find all the eggs on the leaves and kill them to _____________________________________________ 44. 根据此句回答问题 Why her mother couldn’t work in her garden? _____________________________________________ 45. 英译汉 And you must learn to deal with the things while they are small, or it will turn into a big problem. _____________________________________________ 五. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。（每题1分, 共10分） 46. They put off ________ (have) the meeting. 47. You should ask him ________ (not go) out at night. 48. Do you have any ________ (difficult) with your homework? 49. Thank you for your ________. (kind) 50. We often hear the girl ________ (sing) in the next room. 51. I cut one of my ________ (finger) when I was cooking. 52. “You are old enough and you should learn to be ________ (dependent), dear.” my mother said to me. 53. Could you please ________ (lend) me your bike? 54. In order ________ (not be) late for school, she got up at 6: 00 am. 55. Betty has no idea how ________ (take) care of herself. 六. 根据汉语意思完成句子, 每空一词, 每题2分, 共10分） 56. 我愿意让生病的孩子快乐起来。 I’d like to ________ ________ sick kids. 57. 李斌长得像他父亲。 Li Bin ________ ________ his father。 58. 医生不得不切除他的右腿。 The doctor had to ________ ________ his right leg. 59. 他多次尝试戒烟，但失败了。 He tried _______ ________ smoking many times, but failed. 60. 我把一些衣服赠送给了这个小女孩，因为我穿着太小。 I ________ ________ some clothes to the little girl because they are too small for me. 十. 书面表达（10分） 61. 书面表达 你看过类似老人跌倒无人理会的新闻吗？你又听说过最美女教师救她的学生的故事吗？对这两种社会现象，你有什么看法呢？请你以“Would you like to help others?”为题写一篇短文。 内容包括：1. 你对上面其中一件事的看法。 2. 如果你遇到了这样的事情会怎样做。 3. 讲述你的一次类似经历。 作文要求：1. 词数80个左右。不得照抄原文；不得出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名。 2. 条理清晰，语句连贯。 Would you like to help others? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$