Unit6 Section1 Starting out & Understanding ideas(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版2019）

Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The children were having fun, chasing each other's shadows　(影子). 2．Since he moved to the countryside, Michael has lived an unexceptional　(平常的) and leisure life. 3．To our disappointment, the party was suspended　(中止) because the power was off. 4．According to the new regulation, all the crew (全体工作人员) members shall be provided with health and safety protection. 5．The little helpless child screamed　(尖声大叫) for help when she could not find her parents. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．After many years of hard work, his business began to take off when he was in his forties. 2．No one wishes to deal with a person accustomed　(accustom) to breaking his word. 3．Don't let appearance cast a shadow on/over our confidence and we should learn to accept and love who we are. 4．The spokesman declined to explain the details of the suspension (suspend). 5．He has an appointment with his pen pal today.Now he is waiting for her arrival with his heart in his mouth. 6．We always tune in to the latest news at eight o'clock to know better about the world. 7．The little girl was so terrified of the snake that she ran crying and screaming　(scream) to her mother. 8．　Tragically　(tragic)，the side effects of the drug hadn't been discovered until many people were seriously damaged by it. 9. “Mars Day” offers many children a chance to learn more about a world that they are very likely to set foot on within their lifetime. 10．Since she gave up performing, the actress has lived an unexceptional　(exception) life with her family. Ⅲ.完成句子/同义句转换 1．无论探索太空多么困难，中国都将继续为之努力。(让步状语从句) 　However difficult/No matter how difficult it is to explore space　， China will continue to strive for it. 2．毫无疑问，刻苦用功是提高成绩的关键。(doubt) 　There's never any/no doubt that hard work is the key to improving your grades. 3．It's said that the book has been translated into several foreign languages. →The book is said to have been translated into several foreign languages.(不定式的完成式) Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969, the notion of space travel 1.　has become (become)unexceptional to the public.When the Challenger space shuttle took off in 1986, the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the achievements of the astronauts 2. involved (involve).But this was going to be no ordinary excursion, and millions of people witnessed its take­off on TV.It was special 3.　because/as Christa McAuliffe aged 37, an ordinary teacher and mother, was about to become the first civilian in space.She hoped 4.　to rekindle (rekindle) interest in the space programme and communicate 5.　a sense of excitement by giving two 15­minute lessons from orbit. However，6.　tragically (tragic)，the shuttle exploded just over a minute after taking off and all seven astronauts on board were killed.It was the 7.　most disastrous (disastrous)space accident ever, and the world went into shock.Following the Challenger disaster, space shuttle flights 8.　were suspended (suspend) for nearly three years.But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue.In 1988, the space shuttle programme resumed with the successful launch of Discovery. It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger.The memory of those seven will live forever, inspiring us to join them 9. in humanity's greatest journey of discovery and 10.　exploration (explore). Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·沈阳二中高二月考)It is hard to imagine that plants or animals could ever exist on Mars.But scientists continue to look for evidence.NASA, America's space agency, has found evidence that, a long time ago, there was surface water on Mars.Scientists believe water is necessary for life as we know it.So since that discovery, they have been looking for chemicals that would be present if there once was or still is life on the planet. At a meeting in California, NASA scientists reported an important discovery on Mars.They said for the first time that they had found very small amounts of boron(硼).Boron is important because it could help build RNA molecules(分子).And RNA molecules are important because they are one of the basic parts of life. One of the next steps in the scientists' search for life on Mars comes soon.The next spacecraft is planned.It will bring rocks from Mars back to Earth.Scientists in Britain are getting ready for those Mars rocks now.Before this, using a powerful microscope(显微镜)，they examined 200­million­year old volcanic rocks found deep in the Pacific Ocean.The microscope showed holes in the rocks caused by tiny living things called microbes which are the oldest form of life on Earth. Next, the scientists in Britain will examine rocks which contain ancient material from Mars.The material comes from a time when Mars would have been more likely to support life.The scientists hope to get the same findings in the rocks from Mars as the ones they saw in the ocean rocks.If they do, they predict that the rocks coming directly from Mars will also show signs of life.That, in turn, could finally prove that we are not alone in the universe. [语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了科学家努力寻找火星上存在生命的证据。 1．What caused scientists to look for evidence of life on Mars? A．The discovery of plants. B．The discovery of chemicals. C．The discovery of surface water. D．The discovery of animals. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“NASA，Americas space agency...that would be present if there once was or still is life on the planet”可知，NASA发现很久以前火星上有地表水，而水又是生命所必需的，这使得科学家认为火星上曾经或仍然存在生命并试图找出证据。 答案　C 2．Why is the discovery of boron on Mars important? A．It is hardly seen on earth. B．It might prove the existence of life. C．It might cause the holes in the rocks. D．It is the most necessary part of RNA molecules. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Boron is important because it could help build ...the basic parts of life”可知，硼可以帮助构建生命基本组成部分之一的RNA分子，因此在火星上发现硼很重要，这可能证明有生命的存在。 答案　B 3．What do scientists expect to find through examining the rocks from Mars? A．Tiny living things. B．Ancient material from Mars. C．Volcanic chemicals. D．Holes caused by microbes. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The microscope showed holes in the rocks caused by tiny living things called microbes”和最后一段中的“The scientists hope to get the same findings in the rocks from Mars as the ones they saw in the ocean rocks”可知，火山岩石显示出了一些由微生物造成的洞，科学家希望研究火星岩石也可以得到相同的发现，即科学家期待发现由微生物造成的洞。 答案　D 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Scientists Try To Look For Life On Mars B．Does Surface Water Really Exist On Mars? C．A Discovery Of Life In The Pacific Ocean D.Boron—An Important Chemical Supporting Life 解析　标题判断题。根据全文内容并结合文章前两句可知，本文主要介绍了科学家努力寻找火星上存在生命的证据，故A项最适合作文章标题。 答案　A B Are you always disturbed by the noise made by your co­workers while you're working hard at your task？What kind of feelings will you have on hearing such kind of noise？Have you ever got an idea that a certain helmet will help you out of the trouble so you can focus on your work at the office？Now ，you needn't worry，for the Helmfon will help you ignore noisy co­workers and other distractions. Created by the Ukrainian design company Hochu raye，the Helmfon is a big helmet that uses special equipment to absorb the sound so as to completely block any outside noise，giving the wearers their own quiet personal space so they can better focus their attention on their work.Made of a glass fiber shell，cloth and other materials，the helmet not only blocks outside sound，but it also keeps the noise you make in，allowing you to answer calls，hold WeChat conferences and watch or edit videos privately. The company came up with the idea for the Helmfon after being asked to design a new phone booth for an TT company.The project made the team think about the way we communicate and finally began work on a device that would allow you to be in two worlds just sitting on your chair in the office，in a meeting，or everywhere. The Helmfon comes complete with a system board，a microphone，speakers and a special holder for your phone.The only trouble is that it makes you look like a character from Mel Brooks' famous science fiction film，Spaceballs，but the company also provides a variety of great choices，including Batmaninspired design，and even Native American headgear. The Helmfon is still in the prototype(雏形) stage，but the Ukrainian company is already working on commercially available design and plans to offer the design for sale.A release date has not yet been made public. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一款头盔，它将会给我们提供一个安静的个人空间。 5．Why does the author ask questions in paragraph 1? A．To arouse discussion. B．To introduce a new device. C．To show the harm of noise. D．To list the trouble in daily life. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Now，you needn't worry, for the Helmfon will help you ignore noisy co­workers and other distractions”可知，作者在文章的开头提出这些问题是为介绍新的发明作铺垫。 答案　B 6．What is the function of the Helmfon? A．To protect the wearers' safety. B．To keep wearers energetic. C．To give the wearers quiet space. D．To help wearers talk secretly. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the Helmfon is a big helmet...giving the wearers their own quiet personal space”可知，头盔给佩戴者提供了一个安静的个人空间。 答案　C 7．What does the author say about the disadvantage of the Helmfon? A．It's too heavy to wear. B．It isn't suitable for everyone. C．The air inside may not be fresh. D．The appearance may be strange. 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The only trouble is that it makes you look like a character...even Native American headgear”可知，这种头盔的劣势是它的外观看起来很奇怪。 答案　D 8．What can we infer about the Ukrainian company? A.It designed the helmet specially for an IT company. B．It plans to sell the helmet in the future. C．It often comes up with crazy ideas. D．It will sell the helmet online. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，这家公司目前正在努力改善头盔的设计，并计划在市场上销售。 答案　B Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·大庆实验中学期末)Careers in science are generally believed to be too complex for students who aren't talented or clever enough，but Scott Kelly，former commander of the International Space Station，would prove it's wrong. As a kid，he was absent­minded and uninterested in science and all other 1 as well.He couldn't 2 what the teachers were saying，spending most of his time in school 3 ．Therefore，he earned terrible 4 and barely graduated from high school，and he even thought he would never 5 his dreams. That all 6 when he picked up and read The Right Stuff，Tom Wolfe's classic account of the pioneering Americans who first explored space. 7 ，he was determined to be an astronaut，which meant doing well in science classes.So that day，he made up his mind to do well in science. After so many years of daydreaming，it wouldn't be 8 ．But he started thinking of it as a game.The more he 9 his study skills，the better he got. 10 ，it became a 11 with himself to see how good he could be.No one was more surprised than him when a 12 daydreamer started getting straight A's in science，which is 13 to be an astronaut. So we need to stop furthering the statement that science is just too hard.If you're a student who has been told “you are not a science person”or “you are not that smart”，just 14 the comments！Everyone with an aim can succeed—they just have to be 15 to make an effort. [语篇解读] 文章讲述了 Scott Kelly起初对科学并不感兴趣，但是找到了人生目标后，他开始努力学习科学，最终实现了成为宇航员的目标。 1．A.schedules　　　　　 B．goals C．subjects D．students 解析　根据语境可知，此处指Scott对科学和其他所有学科都不感兴趣，故 C项符合语境。 答案　C 2．A.work on B．set about C．get across D．focus on 解析　由上文中的“he was absent­minded and uninterested in science and all other as well”可知，Scott总是心不在焉，对科学和其他所有学科都不感兴趣，故此处应是指他无法集中注意力听老师讲课。focus on“集中注意力于……”符合语境，故选 D。 答案　D 3．A.investigating B．daydreaming C．wandering D．learning 解析　根据上文描述可知，Scott Kelly对科学不感兴趣，无法把注意力集中在老师讲的内容上，再结合下文中的“he would never his dreams” 和“ After so many years of daydreaming”可知，此处指他在学校大部分时间都在空想。故选 B。 答案　B 4．A.grades B．impression C．respect D．friends 解析　根据下文中的“barely graduated from high school”可知，Scott勉强才从高中毕业，故可推知，此处指Scott的成绩很糟糕，故选 A。 答案　A 5．A.destroy B．explain C．achieve D．forget 解析　根据上文描述可知，Scott的成绩很差，勉强才从高中毕业，故此处指他甚至认为自己永远也实现不了自己的梦想。故选 C。 答案　C 6．A.finished B．ended C．happened D．changed 解析　根据下文中的“started getting straight A's in science”可知，一切都变了。故选 D。 答案　D 7．A.Inspired B．Disappointed C．Annoyed D．Shocked 解析　根据空后的“he was determined to be an astronaut”可知，Scott 决心要成为一名宇航员，所以他应该是被书中的内容鼓舞了。故选 A。 答案　A 8．A.possible B．difficult C．easy D．wonderful 解析　根据语境可知，对于多年来一直对学习不感兴趣的 Scott 来说，学好科学不是一件容易的事。故选C。 答案　C 9．A.planned B．practiced C．arranged D．exchanged 解析　根据下文中的“the better he got”可推断出 Scott练习学习技能越多，他就变得越好。故选 B。 答案　B 10．A.Particularly B．Surprisingly C．Fortunately D．Eventually 解析　根据上文中的“But he started thinking of it as a game”可知，Scott 开始把学习当作一项比赛，再结合下文中的“to see how good he could be” 可知，此处指这最终成为他与自己的一场竞赛，目的是看看自己可以变得多好。故选 D。 答案　D 11．A.principle B．deal C．competition D．shadow 解析　参见上题解析。上文中的 game 也是提示。故选 C。 答案　C 12．A.real B．former C．formal D．last 解析　根据上文内容可知，Scott 曾经是个花大部分时间空想的人，之后他做出了改变。故 former 符合语境，故选B。 答案　B 13．A.essential B．potential C．convenient D．valuable 解析　根据上文中的“which meant doing well in science classes”可知，科学成绩好是成为一名宇航员的必要条件。故选 A。 答案　A 14．A.pass B．ignore C．acknowledge D．welcome 解析　根据上文中的“So we need to stop furthering the statement that science is just too hard”可知，此处指你应该忽略那些评论，故选B。 答案　B 15．A.afraid B．unhappy C．equal D．willing 解析　Scott从对科学不感兴趣到成为科学学科的优等生的经历说明了每个人必须愿意作出努力才能取得成功。故选 D。 答案　D 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$