Unit1 Section2 Using language(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第二册（外研版2019）

Ⅰ.选词填空 needn't, be able to，dare，must，had better，have to 1．I needn't use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house. 2．I didn't dare look at him. 3．The company was so far away from my dorm that I had to spend much time on the way. 4．You had better get ready for the competition. 5．Mozart, a great pianist, was able to play the piano when he was 4 years old. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．罗斯晚上不敢单独外出。 Rose dare not /doesn't dare (to) go out alone at night. 2．外面在下雨， 我们不得不待在家里。 It was raining outside; we had to stay at home　. 3．红灯亮时你不许过马路。 You mustn't go across the road when the traffic lights are red. 4．星期天我们不用去上学。 We don't have to/needn't go to school on Sundays. 5．你最好快点， 要不然你上课就迟到了。 You had better hurry up　， or else you will be late for class. Ⅲ.语篇语法填空—用情态动词的适当形式完成短文 Last night, I stayed up till 11 o'clock to write my English reading report which 1.　has to be handed in today. Because my English is poor, I asked my cousin, who is good at English writing, to do me a favour.This morning, however, my English teacher told me I 2.　didn't have to/needn't hand in the report so urgently.She asked me whether I wrote the English report by myself.I told her the truth for I 3.　dare not tell lies.Surprisingly, she didn't get angry with me.Instead, she said that I 4.　had better do it on my own whatever the result.From then on, I knew I 5.　must do my homework by myself whether it's easy or difficult. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Experts have long debated the best diet for health.They believe that it's not just what we eat that's important for good health but when we eat.When our diet pattern matches the biological clock well, our body can work at its best.Breaking the rule—by eating late meals or having night snacks—could lead to weight gain and metabolic (新陈代谢的) trouble. Many people, however, eat from roughly the time when they wake up until shortly before they go to bed.Studies show that the average person starts with something like milk and coffee shortly after rising and ends with a glass of wine, a late­night meal or a handful of chips, nuts or some other snacks shortly before bed.That pattern of eating is against our biological rule. Scientists have long known that the human body has a master clock in the brain，which controls our sleep­wake cycles in response to bright light exposure (暴露).A couple of decades ago, researchers discovered that there is not just one clock in the body but a collection of them.Every organ has a clock that controls its daily cycle of activities.Studies show that in every organ, thousands of genes (基因) are turned on and turned off at roughly the same time every day. We've lived on this planet for thousands of years, and while many things have changed, there has always been one unchanged: Every single day the sun rises and at night it falls.We're designed to have 24­hour patterns in our body.These patterns exist because, just like our brains need to go to sleep each night to repair and reset themselves, every organ needs to have time to repair and reset itself as well. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍我们在注意健康饮食的同时， 还要注意我们进食的时间， 这对我们的健康也非常重要。 1．What should we do according to Paragraph 1? A．Don't eat too much. B．Try to lose weight. C．Have a low­fat and low­sugar diet. D．Have early meals for the night. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句(打破这一规则， 晚餐吃得晚或吃夜宵可能会导致体重增加和代谢障碍)可知， 如果晚餐吃得晚或者吃夜宵可能导致增肥和新陈代谢紊乱， 即要早吃晚餐。 2．What is the main idea of the second Paragraph? A．Eating behaviors against the biological clock. B．People's preference for a balanced diet. C．Lifestyle of an ordinary busy person. D．People's healthy eating habits. 解析　A　段落大意题。根据本段的主要内容， 尤其最后一句(那种饮食方式违反了我们的生理规律)可知， 本段主要介绍违反生理规律的饮食习惯。 3．What do we know about the clocks in our body? A．They are in our brains. B．They control activities of each organ. C．They are influenced by what we eat. D．One clock controls the other clocks. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第三段的“Every organ has a clock that controls its daily cycle of activities.(每个身体器官都有一个控制着该器官一天活动的时钟)”可知， 我们身体的生物钟控制着每一个器官的活动。 4．What is the best title of the text? A．Select the Best Diet Habit B．Reset the Clocks in Your Body C．Choose a Proper Time to Eat D．Be Careful of Your Eating 解析　C　标题归纳题。根据文章的主要内容可知， 本文主要介绍了科学家认为我们应注意进食的时间， 这对我们的健康非常重要。再结合第三段的“Every organ has a clock that controls its daily cycle of activities.(每个身体器官都有一个控制着该器官一天活动的时钟)”和最后一段的“We're designed to have 24­hour patterns in our body.(我们的身体被设计成24小时模式)”可知， “选择一个适当的时间进食”可以作为本文标题。 B There's nothing wrong with a tomato that isn't perfectly rounded or a peach with an extra dimple (浅凹) or two; they still carry the same benefits and flavors as the versions we're used to seeing in grocery stores(食品杂货店).Farmers throw away these imperfect items, as many grocery chains won't buy them for fear that they are unsellable.However, a growing group of grocery chains are fighting to make these discarded fruits and vegetables part of consumers' buying habits. One such business is Imperfect Produce, a start­up that provides fresh ugly produce to consumers.Through this service, you can get up to 20 pounds of fruit and vegetables for around $20 a week.This is about a 30 percent discount compared to what's now sold in stores.Recently, the company had a major advancement when Whole Foods Market accepted their partnership and agreed to sell the misshapen produce. While this movement might be a new trend here in the US, it's already gained serious momentum (势头) in Europe.In 2014, the E．U.announced the Year Against Food Waste, with French supermarket chain Intermarche launching a very successful campaign called Inglorious Fruits and Vegetables and England's Waitrose selling weather blemished apples.In Portugal, a similar company to Imperfect Produce called Fruta Feia has also taken off. Buying these unfortunate­looking produce should be attractive to consumers not only because of the affordability, but also because of the support it gives to farmers and the direct impact it has on reducing food waste and the environmental pollution.When the discarded fruits and vegetables decompose, they release(释放) methane(CH4), a greenhouse gas that，when released into the air, is about 86 times as powerful as carbon dioxide (CO2) over a 20­year period.Waste is, in fact, the ugliest thing of all. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。 本文主要说明了越来越多的食品杂货连锁店正在让不完美的水果和蔬菜成为消费者购买习惯的一部分。这一行为给农民提供了支持，并对减少食物浪费和环境污染产生了直接影响。 5．What does the underlined word “discarded” in Paragraph 1 Probably mean? A．Thrown away　B．Harvested C．Eaten up. D．Packaged. 解析　A　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Farmers throw away these imperfect items...buying habits.”可知，农民们把这些不完美的东西扔掉，因为许多食品杂货连锁店怕它们卖不出去而不买。然而，越来越多的食品杂货连锁店正在努力使这些被丢弃的水果和蔬菜成为消费者购买习惯的一部分。故画线词意思与 A项相近。 6．What is the purpose of Imperfect Produce? A．To make better profits. B．To sell imperfect produce. C．To get discounts from farmers. D．To compete with Whole Foods Market. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One such business is Imperfect Produce, a start­up that provides fresh ugly produce for consumers”可知，Imperfect Produce 是一家为消费者提供新鲜但难看的农产品的新企业，因此 Imperfect Produce 的目的是出售不完美的农产品。 7．What can we learn about Europe from Paragraph 3? A.It hardly produces misshapen fruit and vegetables. B.It has more successful food chains than the US. C．It is facing the serious problem of unfavorable weather. D．It solves the problem of ugly produce earlier than America. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“While this movement might be a new trend here in the US, it's already gained serious momentum in Europe.”可知，虽然这种运动在美国可能是一种新趋势，但它在欧洲已经获得了巨大的发展势头。因此，与美国相比，欧洲更早解决难看的农产品的问题。 8．How does wasted produce harm the environment according to Paragraph 4? A．It pollutes the farms. B．It gives off a bad smell. C．It contributes to global warming. D．It produces lots of carbon dioxide. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“When the discarded...20­year period.”可知，被丢弃的水果和蔬菜腐烂时会释放甲烷，这种温室气体会导致全球变暖。 Ⅱ.七选五 Between school, homework, sports, your after­school job, and hanging out with friends, it may feel like there's no time for healthy eating.And when you have time，you may simply eat snacks like potato chips. 1 In fact, if you have a busy schedule, it's even more important to eat healthy foods that give you the energy you need to keep going. 2 For example, you may feel hungry in a long afternoon of classes or during your swim meet.Knowing how much food your body needs to satisfy this hunger is important.A few walnuts(核桃) are great brain food before sitting down to do your math homework. 3 Healthy snacking is important to you.During teenage years, the body needs more nutrients to grow.Snacks are a great way to satisfy your hunger and get all nutrients your body needs. 4 Do not eat foods with lots of added sugars like candy bars or soda.That's because eating these foods may help you stop feeling hungry for a moment, but they are bad for your health in the long term. Choosing healthy snacks means shopping smart. 5 We may find “all natural” on the side of a package but it doesn't necessarily mean it's nutritious.For example，“all natural” juice drinks can be filled with sugar, which means they'll make you fat easily and give you little nutrition. A．It's natural to feel hungry at certain times. B．Healthy snacking doesn't have to be boring. C．But you need to pay attention to what you eat. D．But it is possible to treat yourself to a healthy snack. E．But a whole bag only makes you put on weight easily! F．Be careful of the health information on food packages. G．If you're really feeling hungry, don't pay no attention to it. [语篇解读]　本文是说明文， 主要介绍了健康饮食的重要性以及如何做到健康饮食。 1．解析　D　前文“And when you have time，you may simply eat snacks like potato chips.”提到了不健康的饮食， E项说到要吃健康的零食， 承接了上文话题。下文说到“it's even more important to eat healthy foods”吃健康的食物更重要， 和选项中的healthy snack照应。 2．解析　A　根据下文“you may feel hungry in a long afternoon of classes or during your swim meet”可知在漫长的下午上课或游泳比赛期间， 你可能会感到饥饿。A项说“在特定的时间感到饥饿是正常的”。选项中的feel hungry照应下文。 3．解析　E　根据上文“A few walnuts are great brain food before sitting down to do your math homework.”可知在坐下来做数学作业之前， 吃点核桃对大脑是很好的。此处说到要吃些核桃补充能量， F项说“(吃)一整袋核桃会容易使你变胖”， 选项中的a whole bag 与上文中的A few形成对比。 4．解析　C　根据后文“Do not eat foods with lots of added sugars like candy bars or soda.”可知此处对人们应该吃什么提出了建议， C项说“但你需要注意你吃什么”， 且下文提到了吃什么的问题， 前后呼应。 5．解析　F　根据后文“We may find ‘all natural' on the side of a package but it doesn't necessarily mean it's nutritious.” 可知此处提到了包装上的健康信息， G项说要注意食品包装上的健康信息， 选项中的food packages照应后文的a package。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2024山东日照检测)Feeling hungry? If you're feeling extremely hungry, what's the easiest way to satisfy your hunger? The majority of us are likely to look 1. a takeaway menu and order some delicious but 2. (possible) unhealthy food.And our increasingly busy lives add to our need 3. (buy) ready­made food delivered to home. Eating options are endless, and new technology means we can feed our 4. (eager) at the push of a button.Takeaway delivery apps make ordering food quick and convenient, and during the epidemic, they do provide a lifeline for those who 5. (stick) at home with nothing to cook or who lack the skills of preparing a meal for 6. (they).It is no wonder we are persuaded to skip the grocery store, bypass the kitchen, and enjoy 7. someone else has prepared.But 8. (order) a pizza or a bowl of noodles can come at 9. price in terms of the economy and our health. Of course, reducing salt, sugar and fat is one way to make takeaway food healthier.But my best advice 10. (be) to find a book on cooking and try making your own nutritious meal. [语篇解读]　这是一篇议论文。文章论述了当今人们选择外卖的原因，同时提出在经济和健康方面我们是要付出代价的，最后提出，我们要找一本烹饪书，尝试给自己做营养餐。 1．解析　through　考查介词。句意：我们大多数人很可能会浏览一下外卖餐馆的菜单，点一些美味但可能不健康的食物。look through为固定短语，意为“浏览”。 2．解析　possibly　考查副词。句意同上。根据设空处后的形容词unhealthy可知，此处要用副词修饰形容词。故填possibly。 3．解析　to buy　考查动词不定式。此处表示我们日益繁忙的生活增加了我们对可以送到家的现成食品的需求。分析句子可知，“3. ．..to home”在句中作定语，修饰名词need; the need to do sth意为“做某事的需要”，所以用不定式。 4．解析　eagerness　考查名词。句意：吃的选择是无穷无尽的，新技术意味着我们按下一个按钮就可以满足我们的渴望。根据设空处前面的our可知此处要用名词。故填eagerness。 5．解析　are stuck　考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：外卖食物送货应用程序使得点餐方便快捷，且在疫情防控期间，它们确实为那些被困在家里没有可烹饪的东西或自己缺乏做饭技能的人提供了一条救生索。设空处所在句为并列复合句，句中第二个and连接两个并列分句。在第二个分句中，两个who分别引导定语从句，修饰先行词those，关系代词who代替先行词在定语从句中作主语。由语境及句中的do和lack可知应用一般现在时；设空处所在定语从句的主语who与stick之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；who代替的是先行词those，为复数形式，谓语也应用复数形式。故填are stuck。 6．解析　themselves　考查反身代词。句意同上。在“they do provide...a meal for 6. ”这部分中，连词or连接了两个定语从句，这两个定语从句的先行词都是those，who为关系代词，在从句中作主语。根据句意可知，此处指缺乏做饭技能的人，for的宾语和设空处所在定语从句的主语一致，都指who指代的先行词those，所以宾语要用反身代词。故填themselves。 7．解析　what　考查宾语从句。句意：难怪我们会被说服不去杂货店，绕过厨房，享受别人准备好的东西。分析句子结构可知，“7. someone else has prepared”为设空处引导的宾语从句，作动词enjoy的宾语，表示“别人准备好的东西”，设空处在宾语从句中作宾语，意为“……的东西”，所以要用连接代词what。 8．解析　ordering　考查动名词。句意：但是从经济和我们的健康的角度来看，订一个比萨饼或者一碗面条是要付出代价的。分析句子结构可知，“8. a pizza or a bowl of noodles”在句中作主语，表示抽象概念，所以要用动名词形式。 9．解析　a　考查冠词。句意同上。at a price为固定短语，意为“付代价”，符合语境。故填a。 10．解析　is　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但是我最好的建议是找一本烹饪书，尝试做你自己的营养餐。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语，“to find...meal”为不定式短语作表语。由语境及上一句中的is可知此处应用一般现在时，表示一般情况；主语my best advice是第三人称单数形式，谓语也应用第三人称单数形式。故填is。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$