Unit4 Section1 Starting out & Understanding ideas(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第二册（外研版2019）

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas 教材原文 When HAMLET meets PEKING OPERA【1】 1 I thought I knew a lot about Hamlet.As a high school student with English literature as one of my main subjects，I have to！【2】 Shakespeare's Hamlet is probably the most important play by the most important writer in English.Almost everybody knows“To be，or not to be”【3】，right？Having seen quite a few productions① of Hamlet and read the play many times.I was full of confidence② — until the Peking Opera came to town！【4】 【1】[标题赏析]本文以“When HAMLET meets PEKING OPERA”作为标题，以拟人的修辞手法巧妙体现了文章的主题——西方戏剧与京剧特色的对比。这增加了标题的趣味性，引起了读者的兴趣。 【2】本句为简单句，其中with English literature...subjects为with复合结构，作后置定语，修饰a high school student；I have to是I have to know a lot about Hamlet的省略形式。 【3】画线部分的全句是“To be，or not to be：that is the question.”这是《哈姆雷特》中丹麦王子的经典独白。王子面对父亲的猝然离世、母亲的改嫁及叔叔的篡位，内心充满矛盾、犹豫和痛苦，于是说出了这么一句话。该句意为：“生存还是毁灭？那是个问题。”因为其简单易记，读起来朗朗上口，有诗的韵律和节奏，所以为民众所传诵。 【4】本句为主从复合句，其结构分析如下： Having seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times，原因状语 [思考]本句中的原因状语为什么用了完成时？ 2 Dating back to③ the 18th century，Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history.【5】Does this mean it's easier than a Shakespeare play to understand？【6】To find out the answer，I just had to go and see The Revenge④ of Prince Zidan— the Peking Opera version⑤ of Hamlet. 【5】本句简单句，Dating back to the 18th century在句中作状语，因为Peking Opera与date back之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故date用现在分词形式。 【6】本句是设问句，作者随后用“To find out the answer，I just had to go and see The Revenge of Prince Zidan — the Peking Opera version of Hamlet”引出下文，虽然后来作者并没有对上面的设问直接给出答案，但从作者对京剧独特的表现艺术风格的描述中，读者可以得出清晰的答案。 3 Starting with an orchestra playing traditional Chinese instruments⑥【7】，the opera brought a completely new sound to my Western ears.At first，I thought what I heard was a violin，but later I learnt that it was an instrument with two strings⑦ called jinghu.【8】 Then，seeing the main characters⑧ come on stage⑨，I was surprised！The costumes and masks were amazing.The performers of course sang in Chinese，but the music，exaggerated⑩ movements and mime helped get the meanings across⑪ to the audience.The voices themselves sounded really unique—some of the female⑫ voices were so high that I was sure they could break glass！And the stage was really simple：a decorated whip represented a horse，and a screen⑬ with Chinese characters⑭，a study⑮.Using such techniques⑯，the opera had transformed a small stage into⑰ the whole universe⑱.【9】 【7】画线部分为现在分词短语作状语，其playing traditional Chinese instruments为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰an orchestra。 【8】本句是由but连接的列复合句，其结构分析如下： 省略了that的宾语从句，what I heard为what引导的主语从句，在该宾语从句中作主语。 【9】Using such techniques在此作方式状语，因为the opera与use之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。the opera had transformed a small stage into the whole universe则使用了夸张的修饰手法，清楚表明了作者对京剧的欣赏之情。 4 Easily⑲ my favourite part of the show was how the characters moved on stage.I had never seen Prince Hamlet do a backflip⑳ before！【10】 That was simply incredible.It was so dazzling and energetic that I wasn't sure if the characters were performers or athletes！【11】Everyone was clapping. 【10】[时态释疑]由于作者是讲述自己看过的一部京剧，整篇文章为过去时，而此处指的是在此之前作者从没见过“哈姆雷特王子做后空翻”，故该句用了过去完成时。had never done sth表示“过去从未做过某事”。 【11】so...that...引导的结果状语从句。 5 Before experiencing The Revenge of Prince Zidan, I wasn't sure if I would enjoy it.But, in fact，I was on the edge of my seat！Feeling the strong emotions of love，anger，fear and grief in the performance，【12】I could easily recognise the theme of Hamlet.So，if you want to see a show that combines music，singing，drama，poetry and costume design with explosive effect，【13】The Revenge of Prince Zidan ticks all the right boxes！ 【12】现在分词短语作原因状语。 【13】画线部分为if引导的条件状语从句，在该从句中，that...effect为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a show。 词汇注解 ①production n. [C，U](演出、上映、制作等的)戏剧，电影，广播节目 ②be full of confidence 满怀信心 have confidence in sb/sth 信任某人/某事物 with confidence 自信地，有信心地 gain/lack/lose/inspire confidence 增加/缺乏/失去/激发信心 ③date back to/date from 追溯到，始于(一般不用于进行时，也没有被动语态，作定语或状语时，常用v­ing形式)④revenge n. [U]报复，报仇 ⑤version n. [C] 版本 a film version of a novel 根据小说改编的电影 the French version of Hamlet 《哈姆雷特》的法文版 ⑥instrument n. [C]乐器 ⑦string/strIŋ/n. [C](乐器的)弦 ⑧main characters 主要角色 ⑨come on stage 登台 ⑩exaggerated adj. 夸张的，夸大的，言过其实的 ⑪get...across 解释清楚，传达 ⑫female adj. 女(性)的 male/meIl/adj. 男(性)的 ⑬screen n. [C] 屏风，隔板 ⑭Chinese characters 汉字 ⑮study n. [C] 书房 ⑯technique n. [C]技巧，技艺，工艺 ⑰transform...into...把……转变为…… transform vt.使改观，使变形，使转化 ⑱universe n. [sing.] 宇宙，天地万物 ⑲easily adv. 无疑，肯定 ⑳backflip n. [C]后空翻 incredible adj.难以置信的 [近义]unbelievable adj. 难以置信的，惊人的 dazzling adj. 令人印象深刻的，特别吸引人的 energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的 clap vi. & vt. 鼓掌，拍手(表示赞许或欣赏) on the edge of one's seat 极为激动 edge/edʒ/ n. [C] 边缘 on the edge of...在……边缘；……快要发生 emotion n. [U，C]强烈的情感 emotional adj. 感情的，情绪的；有感染力的，激动人心的；情绪激动的，感情冲动的 anger n. [U]愤怒，怒火 in anger 愤怒地，生气地 combine vt. & vi. (使)结合，(使)组合 combine...with...将……与……结合起来 poetry n. [U]诗，诗歌 poem n. [C]诗，韵文 poet n. [C]诗人 explosive adj. 易爆发的，可能引起冲动的，爆炸性的 explode vt. & vi.爆炸，爆破，爆裂 explosion n. [C，U] 爆炸，爆破，爆裂(声) tick all the right boxes 事情发展如人所愿，一切顺利 [文化风采] 《哈姆雷特》(Hamlet)是威廉·莎士比亚于1599年至1602年间创作的一部悲剧作品。戏剧讲述了叔叔克劳狄斯谋害了哈姆雷特的父亲，篡取了王位，并娶了国王的遗孀乔特鲁德。哈姆雷特王子因此为父王向叔叔复仇的故事。 《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚所有戏剧中篇幅最长的一部，是世界著名悲剧之一，也是莎士比亚最负盛名的剧本，代表着整个西方文艺复兴时期文学的最高成就。该剧同《麦克白》《李尔王》和《奥赛罗》一起组成莎士比亚的“四大悲剧”。 课文译文 当《哈姆雷特》遇见京剧 1 我以为我非常了解《哈姆雷特》这部戏剧。作为一个把英国文学作为主修科目之一的高中生，我必须如此！莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》可能是英国最有影响力的作家创作的一部最重要的戏剧。几乎每个人都知道“生存还是毁灭”这句话，对吧？我看过不少《哈姆雷特》的演出，并且读过这部戏剧很多遍，心里充满了信心——直到京剧来到我们城镇！ 2 京剧可追溯到18世纪，已有两百多年的历史。这是否意味着京剧比莎士比亚的戏剧更容易理解呢？为了找到答案，我必须去看一看《王子复仇记》——京剧版的《哈姆雷特》。 3 以管弦乐队演奏中国传统乐器开始，这出戏给我这个西方人的耳朵带来了一种全新的感受。起初，我以为我听到的是小提琴，但后来我才知道它是一种有两条弦的乐器，叫京胡。随后，看到主要角色登台，我很惊讶！他们的戏服和脸谱都令人惊叹。当然，演员是用中文演唱的，但音乐、夸张的动作和形体模仿有助于观众理解其含义。唱腔本身听起来很独特——有些女性的声音很高，我确信她们的声音能震碎玻璃！舞台非常简单，一条有装饰的鞭子代表一匹马，一张有汉字的屏风代表一间书房。运用这些技巧，京剧 把一个小舞台变成了整个宇宙。 4 无疑这台演出中我最喜欢的部分是角色在舞台上的动作。我之前从来没有见过哈姆雷特王子做后空翻！那简直难以置信。它是如此令人眼花缭乱且充满活力，以至于我不确定这些角色(的扮演者)是演员还是运动员！所有的人都在鼓掌。 5 在观看《王子复仇记》之前，我不确定我是否会喜欢它。但事实上，(观看演出时)我非常激动！我能从(演员们的)表演中感受到(剧中人物的)爱、愤怒、恐惧和悲伤的强烈情感，很容易就体会出了《哈姆雷特》的主题。所以，如果你想看一场集音乐、歌唱、戏剧、诗歌和服装设计于一体的具有爆炸性效果的演出，《王子复仇记》会让你如愿以偿！ Ⅰ.重点词汇 核心单词 1．　aspect n.　方面 2．　female adj.　女(性)的 3．　technique n.　技巧，手法 4．　clap v.　拍(手)，鼓(掌) 5．　edge n.　边缘 拓展词汇 1．　movement n．运动，动作→move v．移动 2．　transform v．使改观，使变形，使转化→transformation n．变化，改观，转变 3．　incredible adj.难以置信的→incredibly adv.难以置信地 4．　energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的→energy n．精力；能源 5．　emotion n．强烈的情感→emotional adj.感情的；情感的 6．　anger n．愤怒，怒火→angry adj.生气的 7．　combine v．(使)结合，(使)组合→combination n．组合；结合 8．　poetry n．诗，诗歌→poet n．诗人→poem n．诗，诗歌 9．　explosive adj.爆炸(式)的，爆发的→explode v．(使)爆炸→ explosion n．爆炸；爆发 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．　be full of confidence　　充满信心 2．　date back to　　追溯到；始于(过去某个时候) 3．　get across　　解释清楚，传达，被理解 4．　transform ...into ...　　将……转变成…… 5．　on the edge of one's seat 　　极为激动 6．　tick all the right boxes　　事情发展如人所愿，一切顺利 Ⅲ.重点句式 1．现在分词短语作状语 　Having seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times　(看过好几部《哈姆雷特》的影视作品，并且读过很多遍这部戏剧), I was full of confidence—until the Peking Opera came to town! 2．“so...that...”意为“如此……以至于……” The voices themselves sounded really unique—some of the female voices were so high that　(如此高以至于) I was sure they could break glass! Task Ⅰ 框架宏观建构：整体理解 What's mainly talked about in the text? A．A better way to perform Hamlet. B．The history of Peking Opera and Shakespeare's play. C．The differences between Eastern and Western cultures. D．An experience of watching a Peking Opera version of Hamlet. 答案　D Task Ⅱ 文本微观剖析：细节探究 Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer. 1．Why was the author full of confidence? A．He knew various operas in the world. B．He had read much about Peking Opera before. C．He came from the same country as Shakespeare. D．He thought he had a good knowledge of Hamlet. 2．Why did the author go to see The Revenge of Prince Zidan? A．To make sure Peking Opera has a long history. B．To enjoy the Peking Opera version of Hamlet. C．To confirm that Peking Opera is easier to understand. D．To find out the differences between Hamlet and its Peking Opera version. 3．Which was the author's favourite part about the performance? A．The story itself. B．Its explosive effect. C．The traditional Chinese instruments. D．The characters' movements on stage. 4．What does the sentence “I was on the edge of my seat” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．He found the seat very narrow. B．He liked the theme of the show. C．He enjoyed the performance a lot. D．He preferred the explosive effect of the show. 答案　1－4　D　C　D　C Task Ⅲ 教材对接高考：续写佳句 1．细读课文并找出使用“引用”修辞的句子 Almost everybody knows “To be, or not to be”， right？　 2．细读课文并找出使用“夸张”修辞的句子 Using such techniques, the opera had transformed a small stage into the whole universe.　 3．细读课文并找出心理描写的句子 (1)　Having seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times, I was full of confidence—until the Peking Opera came to town！ (2)　Then, seeing the main characters come on stage, I was surprised! (3)　But, in fact, I was on the edge of my seat！ [核心词汇] 1．get across　解释清楚，传达 [经典例句] The performers of course sang in Chinese, but the music, exaggerated movements and mime helped get the meanings across to the audience. 当然，演员们的唱词是中文的，但观众可以借助伴奏、夸张的动作和形体模仿来理解表演内容。 get through做完；通过；接通(电话) get over克服 get down to (doing) sth开始认真(做)某事 get along/on with相处；进展 [练通]——用get短语完成下列句子 (1)Don't just sit there! Get down to discussing that question! (2)When making a speech, you should get 　your ideas across to your listeners. (3)Doing exercise regularly is likely to reduce stress and get over negative feelings. (4)I've been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with his phone.I can't seem to get through　. 2．transform v．使改观，使变形，使转化 [经典例句]　Using such techniques, the opera had transformed a small stage into the whole universe. 运用这些技巧，京剧把一个小舞台变成了整个宇宙。 (1)transform A into B把A转换成B transform from...into...从……转变成…… (2)transformation n．变化，改观，转变 [练通]——单句语法填空 (1) The libraries have transformed themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge, meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business. (2)The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable transformation　(transform). [写美]——应用文佳句之感谢信 (3) 你的慷慨帮助和善意使我的第一次北京之行成为一个难忘的回忆。 Your generous help and tender care transformed my first Beijing trip into an unforgettable memory　. 3．combine v．(使)结合，(使)组合 [经典例句]　So，if you want to see a show that combines music, singing，drama，poetry and costume design with explosive effect，The Revenge of Prince Zidan ticks all the right boxes! 所以，如果你想要看一场融合了音乐、演唱、戏剧、诗歌以及惊艳服饰的表演，《王子复仇记》再合适不过了！ (1)combine...with/and...把……与……结合起来 (2)combination n．结合；联合；化合(物) in combination with与……结合 [练通]——单句语法填空/补全句子 (1)A doctor tells me people who live the longest are dancers and cyclists.Maybe it is because of the combination　(combine) of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise. (2)　In combination with　(联合) two other classes, we started a campaign to fight against wasting food last week. [写美]——应用文佳句之建议信 (3) 只有运动与健康的饮食相结合，我们才能保持真正的健康。 Only when we combine exercise with a healthy diet can we keep really fit　. [重点句型] “so...that...”意为“如此……以至于……” [经典例句]　The voices themselves sounded really unique—some of the female voices were so high that I was sure they could break glass! 声音本身听起来很独特——有些女性的声音如此高，以至于我确信她们的声音会震破玻璃！ 本句中的“so...that...”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，so后面通常接形容词或副词。 (1)so＋＋that... (2)such＋＋that... [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)The exhibition displays such wonderful pictures that you can understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better. (2)a.They are such little children that they can not understand what you say sometimes. b．We had so little time that we couldn't finish the work on schedule. [写美]——句式升级 (3)The activity is so rewarding that we all look forward to another one. →　So rewarding is the activity that we all look forward to another one　.(倒装句) “so...that...”或“such...that...”句式中，有时候会把“so...”或“such...”部分提到句首，主句用倒装语序。 Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．　Sichuan Opera Face­changing 川剧变脸 2．　Chinese Crosstalk 相声 3．　be familiar with　熟悉…… 4．　the stage set 舞台布景 5．　Peking/Beijing Opera 京剧 6．　English literature 英国文学 7．　quite a few 　相当多；不少 8．　play a traditional Chinese instrument 　弹奏中国传统乐器 9．　the main character 　主角 10．　come on stage 上台；登台 Ⅱ.单词拼写/完成句子 1．An ideal job should be one that combines (结合)what you are good at with what you are interested in. 2．We are determined to carry on a hard struggle to transform　(使改观) the mountain area in five years. 3．选好合适的礼物后，他们把它送给了他们尊敬的教授。 　Having selected the proper present，they sent it to their respectable professor. 4．这个餐厅太嘈杂了，我几乎听不到你说话。 There is so much noise in this restaurant that I can hardly hear you talking. 5．我费了好大的劲才向他们讲清楚我的想法。 I had great difficulty in getting my ideas across to them　. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$