Unit4 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（外研版2019）

Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．It is vital　(极其重要的) that every piece of equipment should be checked before the experiment. 2．The Ural mountains mark the boundary　(边界) between Europe and Asia. 3．　Statistics　(统计数据) indicate that the environmental pollution has had serious consequences. 4．Some specialists　(专家) were constantly sent to the district to help the injured. 5．How to carry out teaching in small­sized classes is a difficult problem to tackle　(处理) in such village schools. 6．The twin　(双胞胎的) sisters look like each other，but they are completely different in character. 7．China would like to work together with any other country to build a peaceful and prosperous future for mankind　(人类). 8．There are lots of things to do before travelling abroad and my top priority　(优先处理的事) is to apply for a visa. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．My devotion (devote) to the work combined with determination and confidence，I believe I will become a qualified chairman of the Student Association. 2．　Against all odds，Rick's agent，Arnie，finally finds an Italian team that needs him. 3．Health care workers are at the risk of getting infectious　(infection) diseases because of their exposure to patients. 4．Children are put at risk when their parents smoke near them. 5．When in junior high，he were caught up in writing and ended up as a writer. 6．Ann is a devoted doctor，who devotes/devoted all her Spring Festival holiday to her patients this year.They are all grateful to her for her devotion　.(devote) 7．My parents were relieved (relieve) that I was unhurt，but they were angry that I had done such a risky thing. 8．Boredom is one of the top reasons why people give up on running，so try to keep it fun and interesting. 9．With the assistance　(assist) of the technology，we can know the earthquake several seconds before it happens. 10．If we are to make a difference in life，it's vital that we (should) begin (begin) with small things. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．我走在大街上突然听到有人在叫我的名字。(感官动词＋宾语＋宾补) I was walking in the street when I heard my name being called　. 2．Youth成立已经十年了，取得了很大的成功。(since) 　It is/has been ten years since Youth was founded　，which has achieved great success. 3. 我们学校将要召开的这次主题班会是为了介绍中国传统文化。(不定式作表语) The theme class meeting which our school will hold is to introduce traditional Chinese culture　. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 I arrived in Liberia with MSF almost three months ago.When I saw the tragic scenes on the news，I felt it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help.There are no borders for doctors，for patients or for anyone else involved in 1.　combating　(combat) this terrible disease. My mission was 2.　to relieve　(relieve) Emma，a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting.She introduced me 3.　to some of the others working for or alongside MSF.For example，Wilton，a young local man，who helped carry the very sick into the treatment clinic and 4.　disinfected (disinfect) clothing and surfaces.With each person I met，I felt 5.　a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team，6.　whose devotion to the cause shone from their eyes. Since then，I have come to know these people very well.We have worked together，7.　surrounded　(surround) by blood，vomit and death.Although the death rate is very high，we will never give up on a patient，and our efforts do sometimes end in 8.　miracles (miracle). It is so 9.　inspiring　(inspire) to have colleagues like Wilton，Maisy，Alfonso，not to mention all the others I have worked with.In a world still facing so many problems，it is 10.　absolutely　(absolute) essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Dr.Paul Farmer，who died unexpectedly at the age of 62 in Rwanda，was one of the most extraordinary people I have ever known.As co­founder of the global health organization Partners in Health，Paul spent more than 30 years changing the way health care is delivered in the poorest places on earth. Along the way，his fine mind，big heart，and continuous drive to do good inspired countless others to follow his example. While still a student at Harvard Medical School in the 1980s，Paul and his colleagues opened a one­room clinic in remote Cange，Haiti，where they not only cared for locals，but trained a team of health workers to serve the surrounding areas.He lived there in a simple home with concrete floors，and no hot water，not so different from the adapted bus he grew up in with his parents in Florida. Within a few years，the clinic's work gained worldwide notice for bringing tuberculosis (肺结核) under control in the area.Today，Partners in Health operates 16 health institutions in Haiti，and employs a local staff of nearly 7，000.They also operate in 11 other countries，including Rwanda，where they partnered with the government to rebuild the nation's health system.Millions of people are served every year，most of whom live on less than a few dollars a day. I'm honored to have worked closely with Paul.For 20 years，I watched him make a difference in the poorest places，even in the face of dysfunctional (功能失调的) politics and violence. Paul's passing is a huge loss to the world.But his voice still rings in our ears.All our lives are passing，but the purpose of living lasts: to lift others and enable them to live and work just as he did — with love，gratitude，and joy. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了全球卫生组织健康合作伙伴的联合创始人保罗在海地坎盖创办诊所，控制住肺结核，以及改变了最贫困地区医疗服务方式的故事。 1．What can we know about the clinic? A．It catches immediate worldwide attention. B．It is located in Paul's hometown. C．It is co­founded by Paul and the locals. D．It treats patients and trains health workers. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“While still a student at Harvard Medical School in the 1980s，Paul and his colleagues opened a one­room clinic in remote Cange，Haiti，where they not only cared for locals，but trained a team of health workers to serve the surrounding areas.”可知，诊所不仅治疗当地的病人，还培训了一批医疗工作者。 答案　D 2．Why does the author mention the figures in paragraph 4? A．To advocate cross­border cooperation. B．To indicate the difficulties Paul faces. C．To raise public concern about global health. D．To highlight Paul's contributions to global health. 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段和第五段“I'm honored to have worked closely with Paul.For 20 years，I watched him make a difference in the poorest places，even in the face of dysfunctional (功能失调的) politics and violence.”可知，第五段有人在称赞保罗的杰出贡献，因此作者在第四段提及那些数据是想进一步突出保罗在面临困难时仍为全球卫生事业做出自己伟大的贡献。 答案　D 3．Which of the following best describes Paul? A．Careful and graceful. B．Kind and influential. C．Stubborn and sympathetic. D．Aggressive and adventurous. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段“Along the way，his fine mind，big heart，and continuous drive to do good inspired countless others to follow his example.”可知，保罗怀抱善意为贫困人群带去了健康医疗的同时，他的善行也强烈影响着无数的人。因此，保罗是一个善良又具有极强影响力的人。 答案　B 4．What does Paul's story teach us? A．Well begun is half done. B．To live in the moment counts. C．Life is limited，yet kindness lasts. D．Health matters more than wealth. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“All our lives are passing，but the purpose of living lasts: to lift others and enable them to live and work just as he did — with love，gratitude，and joy.”可知，通过保罗为全球卫生事业做出贡献的故事，文章主要是想教会我们生命有限，但关爱他人却是永恒的这个道理。 答案　C B Doctors Without Borders，which was set up in 1971 by doctors and journalists in France，is a humanitarian (慈善的) organization also known as its French name，Médecins Sans Frontières，and handles emergencies caused by wars，infectious diseases and natural disasters.Today，the group provides humanitarian medical aid in more than 70 countries.Over 90 percent of its money comes from private sources.In 1999，the group received the Nobel Peace Prize. Living in Emergency：Stories of Doctors Without Borders is a documentary by the movie director Mark Hopkins.It tells the stories of four doctors and their voluntary work in Liberia and the Democratic Republic of Congo.Mr.Hopkins and his crew filmed the doctors working under some of the most extreme and dangerous conditions. Doctor Tom Krueger from the United States in the film volunteered in Liberia in 2003，after two civil wars.He said，“It was pretty much of a shock when I got here.You can't describe the feeling of the heat in your body and the sweat running down your back，and the smell of the pus (脓) that hits your nose and of unwashed bodies in a closed room.” Another doctor in the film，Australian Chris Brasheer，has been with Doctors Without Borders for nine years.He has served in the Democratic Republic of Congo and spent time in Liberia.He said，“No water，no electricity，no food—pretty apocalyptic really.” Doctor Chiara Lepora from Italy also appears in the film.She spent several years working with the group.She said，“I will probably return.There are a lot of doctors who are willing to volunteer once，but not many doctors who are willing to repeat their experience.” [语篇解读]　文章介绍了无国界医生组织，以及相关纪录片所描述的医生在利比里亚和刚果民主共和国的恶劣环境中救援的经历。 5．What can we know about Doctors Without Borders? A．It finds peaceful solutions to world problems. B．It provides free medical aid for the countries in trouble. C．Most of its money comes from the government. D．It was started only by doctors in the early 1970s. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，无国界医生组织是一个为战争、传染病及自然灾害的受害者提供紧急医疗救援的慈善机构。 答案　B 6．Which of the following is TRUE about Living in Emergency：Stories of Doctors Without Borders? A．It is a documentary about Mr.Hopkins'crew. B．It tells the stories of 4 doctors from the same country. C．It is about how Doctors Without Borders was set up. D．It was filmed in countries full of starvation and thirst. 解析　细节理解题。 根据第二段最后一句和下文中克里斯·布拉彻医生的讲述“No water，no electricity，no food”可知，这是一部关于无国界医生真实工作场景的纪录片。 答案　D 7．What does the underlined word “apocalyptic” in the paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Like the dangerous conditions. B．Like the end of the world. C．Like the smell of dead bodies. D．Like the feeling of sadness. 解析　词义猜测题。 根据第四段中的“He said，‘No water，no electricity，no food—pretty apocalyptic really.’”可知，没有水，没有电，没有食物，即表示状况十分糟糕，好像世界末日。 答案　B 8．What can be inferred from the passage? A．Mr.Hopkins is a member of Doctors Without Borders. B．Doctor Tom Krueger was in extreme fear when in Liberia. C．Doctor Chiara Lepora is unwilling to repeat her experience. D．The two civil wars in Liberia greatly influenced its economy. 解析　推理判断题。 根据第二、三、四段的描述，几位医生在利比里亚两次内战后到该地做志愿工作，经历了极为恶劣的条件，由此推知内战使当地经济受到严重影响。 答案　D Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago，I didn't think too long.I liked traveling in France，but when it came to picking my favorite spot to __1__，Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy，I __2__ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant.But every time I tried to __3__ a sentence of Italian together，the locals smiled at me and __4__ my language skills.That encouragement helped me to get through the language __5__.After I made Italy my permanent home，I discovered how __6__ Italians are.Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to __7__ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.It's these small __8__ of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie，the way to my heart is through my stomach，and nowhere fuels my __9__ quite like Italy.Each town has its own traditional __10__，and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another.Families __11__ for big meals on Sundays，birthdays，and whatever other excuses they can __12__.These meals are always __13__ by laughter and joy.Whatever __14__ life in Italy might have，the problems are __15__ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者喜欢在法国旅游，但要安家的话，作者最喜欢的地方是意大利。因为意大利人非常热情友好，他们在作者说意大利语的时候鼓励作者，邻里之间相处也非常融洽，让作者找到了家的感觉。作为一个美食爱好者，意大利丰富多样的美食也能让作者忘却生活中其他的不便。 1.A.study B.rent C.visit D.settle 解析　此处与上文形成了转折，根据上文中的“I liked traveling in France”可知，作者喜欢在法国旅行，但是，如果要挑最喜欢的定居的地方的话，意大利无疑会胜出。rent“租用，租借(房屋、土地、机器等)，出租”；settle“定居，安家，解决”。 答案　D 2.A.planned B.struggled C.refused D.happened 解析　根据下文中的“But every time I tried...That encouragement helped me to get through the language __ __.”可知，作者克服了语言方面的障碍，由此可见，作者第一次去意大利旅行的时候，问路或点餐都很费力。plan to do sth“计划做某事”；struggle to do sth“艰难地做某事，努力做某事”；refuse to do sth“拒绝做某事”；happen to do sth“碰巧做某事”。 答案　B 3.A.string B.hang C.mix D.match 解析　上文讲到了作者问路或点餐很费力，再结合空后的“together”可知，作者努力把句子串起来。string“把……连在一起”。 答案　A 4.A.improved B.assessed C.admired D.praised 解析　根据空前的“the locals smiled at me”和下文中的“That encouragement”可知，意大利当地人会冲作者微笑并表扬作者的语言技能。improve“提升，提高”；assess“评价，评定，估价，估计”；admire“钦佩，仰慕，欣赏”；praise“表扬，赞扬，称赞”。 答案　D 5.A.course B.barrier C.area D.test 解析　根据上文中的“I __ __ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant...I tried to __ __ a sentence of Italian together”可知，作者在语言方面有障碍，而当地人的鼓励则帮助作者克服了这一语言障碍。course“课程，过程，一道菜”；barrier“障碍，阻力，障碍物”。 答案　B 6.A.open­minded B.strong­willed C.warm­hearted D.well­informed 解析　根据下文中的“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ____ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可知，邻居们非常热心肠。open­minded“思想开明的”；strong­willed“意志坚定的，坚持己见的”；warm­hearted“热心肠的，友好的，富有同情心的”；well­informed“见多识广的，知识渊博的”。 答案　C 7.A.remind B.allow C.persuade D.order 解析　根据空后的“when rain is coming”可知，邻居们会在快要下雨的时候提醒作者关车窗。remind“提醒，使想起”；allow“允许”；persuade“劝说，说服”；order“命令”。 答案　A 8.A.tricks B.promises C.acts D.duties 解析　此处是对上文中的“bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ____ me to close the window in my car”的总结。结合常识可知，这些都是善意的举动。trick“花招，窍门，戏法，把戏”；promise“承诺，许诺”；act“行为，行动，法案”；duty“责任，义务”。 答案　C 9.A.ambition B.success C.appetite D.growth 解析　根据空前的“As a foodie，the way to my heart is through my stomach”可知，作者喜欢意大利的另一个原因是作者是一个美食爱好者，而意大利的美食能够满足作者的胃口。且下文中的“every family keeps a recipe...big meals”也可以印证这一点。ambition“追求的目标，抱负，雄心，野心”；success“成功”；appetite“食欲，胃口”；growth“成长”。 答案　C 10.A.costume B.dish C.symbol D.tale 解析　根据空后的“every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可知，每个小镇都有自己传统的菜肴，家家户户都有祖传的食谱。costume“服装，装束，戏服”；dish“一道菜，菜肴”；symbol“象征，符号”；tale“故事，传说”。 答案　C 11.A.gather B.cheer C.leave D.wait 解析　根据下文中的“a big meal with friends and family”可知，家人会在星期天、生日以及其他时刻聚在一起享用大餐。gather“聚集，集合”；cheer“欢呼，喝彩，鼓励”。 答案　A 12.A.put up with B.stand up for C.come up with D.make up for 解析　此处强调人们会在多种时刻聚在一起享用美食。除了星期天、生日之外，人们还会想出各种“借口”来聚餐。put up with“忍受，容忍”；stand up for“支持，捍卫，为……辩护”；come up with“想出，提出”；make up for“弥补，补偿，抵消”。 答案　C 13.A.signaled B.confirmed C.represented D.accompanied 解析　根据上文中讲到的人们对聚餐的痴迷可以看出聚餐的氛围肯定很棒。据此可知，这些聚餐总是伴着欢声笑语。signal“发信号，示意，标志，预示”；confirm“确定，确认，证实，证明，批准”；represent“代表”；accompany“陪同，陪伴，伴随，与……同时发生”。 答案　D 14.A.disadvantages B.meanings C.surprises D.opportunities 解析　此处呼应空后的“the problems”，指的是人们在生活中遇到的障碍。disadvantage“不利因素，障碍，不便之处”；meaning“意义”；surprise“惊喜，惊讶”；opportunity“机会”。 答案　A 15.A.created B.forgotten C.understood D.identified 解析　根据上文中的“These meals are always __ __ by laughter and joy.”可知，没有什么烦恼是吃一顿饭解决不了的，也就是说，人们一旦坐下和家人朋友享用美食，所有烦恼或问题都能被遗忘。create “创造”；forget“忘记”；understand“理解”；identify“认出，识别，查明，确认，发现”。 答案　B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$