精品解析：湖南省长沙市长沙县湘珺未来学校2023-2024学年九年级上学期入学考试英语试题

2023年新九年级暑假居家学习作业训练英语卷 时间：60分钟 总分：100分 第一部分 基础检测（共20小题；每小题1份，满分 20分） （用括号内的词的正确形式填空或在空白处填入1个适当的单词。） 1. In summer vacation, everyone is supposed to offer ________ (help) our parents do some chores. 2. We should be thankful to our parents. They always try to provide us ________ a clean and comfortable environment at home. 3. She could read by ________ (she) at the age of four. 4. We got to the railway station on time, ________ the traffic was heavy. 5. I ________ (wait) for the bus when it began to rain cats and dogs. 6. School education without labour education is ________ (complete). 7. He didn’t use ________ (read), but now he falls in love with reading. 8. I was so sleepy in class that I found ________ difficult to pay attention to what the teacher said. 9. Hunan is one of the most amazing ________ (province) in China. 10. Never put ________ until tomorrow what you can do today. 11. Doing housework together is one of the ________ (important) things for a happy family. 12. Cloth shoes became popular during the Ming Dynasty, ________ (especial) in Sichuan Province. 13. Cao Yuan, a 22-year-old Chinese scientist, was regarded ________ one of the top 10 people by Nature in 2018. 14. In the past 70 years, China ________ (experience) historic changes and made great achievements. 15. Judy is an outgoing girl. She shows everything on her face, ________ she is happy or not. 16. Our teacher encourages us ________ (read) more books every day to enrich our knowledge. 17. Young children are often taught road ________ (safe) to avoid road accidents. 18. We have two more classes. One is physics, and ________ other is politics. 19. China _________ (win) lots of high praises since we turned the sand into forests. 20. You won’t realize your dream ________ you put your heart into your study. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Anyone who has seen The Sound of Music, the Oscar-winning movie, knows the famous city of Salzburg in Austria. The musical movie was filmed in and around the city. To enjoy the amazing (令人惊叹) city, you only have to walk through the alleys (小巷). The sounds of music in Salzburg are not just from the famous film. Mozart, one of the greatest musicians, was born here, and the city is proud of him. You’ll hear Mozart’s music all over the city. And you can visit Mozart’s birthplace, learn about his childhood and even try the chocolate named for him: a Mozart ball! Don’t miss visiting the Salzburg Residenz, which was the rulers’ palace in the past. It was here that Mozart performed (表演) for the first time in his life. A visit to Salzburg in December must include time in the Christmas markets, which can be found here and there. Visit the marketplaces for a hot drink. Then enjoy the beautiful handiwork for sale. Salt was so important to the city of Salzburg that the city was named for it. This “white gold” brought wealth to the rulers. You can visit the Hallein Salt Mine (矿), one of the oldest in the world. Take a train ride into the mountain, where miners will explain the mining process (过程). Then enjoy a boat ride across an underground lake. These are just a few of the enjoyable places in this small Austrian city. There are much more waiting for you to explore. Make sure to plan a trip to this breathtaking city. Its history and culture will excite your senses. 21. What do we know about The Sound of Music? A. It was filmed by Mozart. B. It is an Oscar-winning movie. C. It is a movie of Salzburg’s chocolate. 22. Where did Mozart perform for the first time in his life? A. In a Christmas market. B. At the Hallein Salt Mine. C. At the Salzburg Residenz. 23 What is the “white gold” in Paragraph 4? A. Salt. B. Music. C. A hot drink. 24. Which of the following does the writer agree with? A Salzburg is too small to visit. B. Salzburg is a place worth visiting. C. There is nothing interesting in Salzburg. 25. What section (部分) of a magazine is the text taken from? A. Travel. B. Sports. C. Science. B Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects (昆虫), you’ll discover many unbelievable things. Consider butterflies, for example. They have beautiful, colorful wings, and strong, fantastic flying skills. On summer days, you always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields. But, did you know how butterflies become the flying insects? It’s one of the amazing wonders of nature. In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colorful egg on a leaf or stem (茎) of a plant. It’s hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life has begun. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see. But it is still not a butterfly. Soon, after growing big, the caterpillar makes a cover for itself. It covers itself in the nice protective blanket (保护层) and goes to sleep. This stage (阶段) is known as the “pupa (蛹)” stage. After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings. Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and the beautiful, colorful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away. After a few weeks, this adult butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle begins all over again. This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn many truly amazing things. 26. What is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. Butterflies are a kind of insect. B. Butterflies have colorful wings and are good at flying. C. Butterflies have a good sense of smell. 27. What does the underlined word “caterpillar” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A. 幼虫 B. 飞蛾 C. 蝴蝶 28. What is the right order of the development process (发育过程) of a butterfly? ① It becomes a pupa. ② It becomes a walking insect. ③ Female butterflies lay an egg. ④ It spreads wings and flies away. A. ②→①→③→④ B. ③→②→①→④ C. ③→②→④→① 29. Which of the following best describes a butterfly after the blanket breaks? A. It has legs, eyes and a large body. B. It has legs, eyes, a mouth and a large body. C. It has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings. 30 What can be the best title for the text? A. One Insect, Four Lives. B. The kinds of Butterflies. C. The Habits of Butterflies. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) Have you seen “dopamine dressing (多巴胺穿搭)” on your social media? ____31____. ●What is dopamine dressing? ____32____. Through brightness of colors, the dressing creates happy feelings in people. The science behind color Science showed long ago that different colors can affect (影响) people. They could make us feel warmer or cooler and also affect our feelings. For example, bright colors can make people feel happy. ____33____. ●Getting a place in fashion world Learning how colors work, fashion brands (品牌) have also used colors in different ways. For example, Versace, an Italian brand, added the idea of dopamine dressing to their clothes in 2021. ____34____. ●Turning into daily style Now, many people take this style to fight back bad feelings and show themselves. “I’ve seen people who are very shy put on colorful clothes and become free,” Karen said. “____35____.” A. The colors like black, white and grey may make people upset B. First created by Dawnn Karen in 2020, dopamine dressing is dressing for joy C. It said this could bring fun and positive energy to the world through fashion D. Their whole mood (心情) changes when they wear clothes that show who they really are E. It’s one of the most popular fashion idea for 2023 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分35） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Once there was a teenage boy who was known as a fast runner in his village. The boy only ____36____ winning every race and becoming more successful. One day, the boy took part in a running race in his village. He won the 200, 100 and 50-meter races ____37____ any problem. He was proud of himself and received great applause (掌声). But his grandfather walked towards him and asked him to ____38____ two unexpected competitors, an old man and a blind girl. The boy thought it was ____39____ but accepted. In the race, the boy finished first, ____40____ the old man and the blind girl were still at the starting line. With ____41____, he waved (挥) his hands at the crowd (人群). But they only sat there silently. “Why are people not cheering for me like before?” he asked his grandfather. “Start the race again with them. But this time, all of you should cross the finish line at the same time.” the grandfather replied. The boy was surprised but agreed to take the ____42____ race. As soon as the race started, the boy carefully took the hands of the old man and the blind girl and walked ____43____ with them to the finish line. The crowd gave them a standing applause. The boy asked his grandfather in surprise. “For whom are the people cheering? Is it for me, or ____44____?” The grandfather smiled and said “The crowd did not cheer for any one of you. They cheered for how you all ran the race together.” Facing the race of life, what matters is not just winning, ____45____ how you run the race. 36. A. talked about B. cared about C. learned about 37. A. with B. in C. without 38. A. challenge B. change C. cheat 39. A. perfect B. usual C. unbelievable 40. A. before B. while C. since 41. A. joy B. stress C. interest 42. A. first B. second C. third 43. A. slowly B. quickly C. angrily 44. A. him B. her C. them 45. A. and B. but C. or 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） During August this year, Chongqing City was hit by hot weather, and mountain fires broke out in parts of it. Chongqing, also known ___46___ a “mountain city”, has a steep terrain (陡峭的地形) that makes it difficult to transport supplies (补给) up the mountain. ___47___ (luck), many local riders rode motorcycles to join in, and others were professional riders who came specially for the work. One of them, ___48___ young man named Long Jie in his early 20s, became famous as “the rider in fire”. Long is a takeaway rider (外卖骑手) who enjoys riding motorcycle in ___49___ (he) spare time. He is a highly skilled member of a local motorcycle team. On August 22, when he ___50___ (learn) that hundreds of fire fighters in the mountain forest had not gotten food, he immediately took food and ice water on his back and drove his motorcycle ___51___ (send) the supplies. In an online video, Long was so tired and ___52___ (sleep) that he was seen pouring water down over his head to stay awake. The fight against nature was finally won. ___53___, his motorcycle numbered “No. 26” in the team was damaged (损坏) in the firefighting action. The leader of the motorcycle team said they had received several museum ___54___ (invitation) to collect “No. 26”, and that they were also considering ____55____ (sell) the motorcycle at auction (拍卖) and donating the money to those in need. 第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。 China launched (发射) the Shenzhou XVI manned spaceship on May 30th. The journey is the first flight of China’s third generation (一代) of astronauts, and the first time a common person has traveled to space. Zhu Yangzhu is one of the spaceflight engineers for the Shenzhou XVI mission. 1. 自他是小男孩时就喜欢飞行。 When he was a middle school student, Zhu often did physical exercises about flying. Because of his high grades, Zhu could entered the National University of Defense (国防) Technology in Changsha in the summer of 2005. 2. He spent several hours doing research on engineering every day after entering the university. He remained there for the following years. At the end of 2015, Zhu graduated from the university with a doctor degree and took his first engineering post. In the summer of 2018, Zhu heard that China would choose the third-generation astronauts. He decided to try out for it. 3. He wondered whether he could achieve his dream. In September 2020, Zhu finally became one of the country’s third group of 18 astronauts, including six other flight engineers. However, the astronaut training tasks (任务) were a real challenge for him. For example, astronauts had to stay up for three days and three nights in a closed room, and they had to do many tests on a computer. 4. 但是，他完成训练任务没有问题。At the same time, he could play a role in relaxing others and helping them to stay clear-headed by singing and telling jokes. 5. Thanks to his hard work, Zhu progressed rapidly in every training course. Zhu said he felt honored to become a member to fly in space. 56. ________________ 57. ________________ 58. ________________ 59. ________________ 60. ________________ 第四部分 书面表达（满分10分） 61. 巍巍麓山，浩浩湘水，璀璨星城长沙吸引着全世界越来越多人的目光。为此，长沙文旅局向中学生开展了“了解家乡之事，厚植家乡情，用世界语言描述长沙” 的征文比赛！请你根据以下提示，以“Charming (有魅力的) Changsha”为题，描述长沙印象，内容包含以下要点： Charming Changsha Location and climate (气候) Northeast of Hunan province; cold in winter, hot in summer, warm in spring and cool in autumn History Over 3,000 years Population About 10 million A must-see place Orange Isle (橘子洲头): full of trees and flowers, eco-friendly (生态好); breathtakingly (惊人地) beautiful, very relaxed Local food ... 要求： (1) 80词左右； (2) 包含以上所有要点并适当拓展； (3) 文中不得出现真实人名和校名。 以下词汇可供参考： capital city 首都；省会城市 Stinky tofu 臭豆腐 smelly臭的 spicy crayfish 香辣小龙虾 rice noodles 米粉 milk tea in Chayan Yuese 茶颜 Charming Changsha ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023年新九年级暑假居家学习作业训练英语卷 时间：60分钟 总分：100分 第一部分 基础检测（共20小题；每小题1份，满分 20分） （用括号内的词的正确形式填空或在空白处填入1个适当的单词。） 1. In summer vacation, everyone is supposed to offer ________ (help) our parents do some chores. 【答案】to help 【解析】 【详解】句意：在暑假，每个人都应该主动帮助父母做家务。help“帮助”，offer to do sth“主动做某事”，故填to help。 2. We should be thankful to our parents. They always try to provide us ________ a clean and comfortable environment at home. 【答案】with 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们应该感谢我们的父母，他们总是尽力为我们提供一个干净、舒适的家境。根据“We should be thankful to our parents. They always try to provide us…a clean and comfortable environment at home.”可知，此处为固定短语provide sb. with sth.“为某人提供某物”，因此用介词with表示。故填with。 3. She could read by ________ (she) at the age of four. 【答案】herself 【解析】 【详解】句意：她在四岁的时候就可以自己阅读了。根据英文提示可知，she“她”为人称代词，根据“She could read by...at the age of four.”可知，此处应该用by+oneself表达“独自”，she的反身代词为herself。故填herself。 4. We got to the railway station on time, ________ the traffic was heavy. 【答案】though##although 【解析】 【详解】句意：尽管很塞车，我们还是准时到达了火车站。分析句子可知，尽管很塞车，但是还是准时到达，此处缺少连词来引导后面的让步状语从句，此处应该用though/although来表达“尽管”。故填though/although。 5. I ________ (wait) for the bus when it began to rain cats and dogs. 【答案】was waiting 【解析】 【详解】句意：放学后我在等公共汽车时开始下大雨。 考查时态过去进行时。根据“when it began to rain cats and dogs当大雨倾盆时”，可知雨开始下的时候正在等车，表示过去某个时间点正在做某事，用过去进行时“was/were doing”，主语是I，故be动词用was。故填was waiting。 6. School education without labour education is ________ (complete). 【答案】incomplete 【解析】 【详解】句意：没有劳动教育的学校教育是不完整的。根据“School education without labour education”可知，缺少劳动教育的学校教育是不完整的，因此用“incomplete”表示“不完整的”，在句中作表语，故填incomplete。 7. He didn’t use ________ (read), but now he falls in love with reading. 【答案】to read 【解析】 【详解】句意：他过去不读书，但现在他爱上了读书。read“阅读”，used to do sth“过去常常做某事”，故填to read。 8. I was so sleepy in class that I found ________ difficult to pay attention to what the teacher said. 【答案】it 【解析】 【详解】句意：我在课堂上很困，以至于我发现很难集中注意力听老师讲课。分析句子结构可知，空处应填形式宾语，真正的宾语是to pay attention to what the teacher said，此处用it作形式宾语。故填it。 9. Hunan is one of the most amazing ________ (province) in China. 【答案】provinces 【解析】 【详解】句意：湖南是中国最令人惊叹的省份之一。根据“one of”可知，此空须填province“省份”的复数provinces。故填provinces。 10. Never put ________ until tomorrow what you can do today. 【答案】off 【解析】 【详解】句意：不要把今天能做的事推到明天。根据“until tomorrow what you can do today”可知，此处是短语put off，意为“推迟”。故填off。 11. Doing housework together is one of the ________ (important) things for a happy family. 【答案】most important 【解析】 【详解】句意：一起做家务是一个幸福家庭最重要的事情之一。根据“one of the”可知，此处是结构one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……之一……”。important的最高级是most important。故填most important。 12. Cloth shoes became popular during the Ming Dynasty, ________ (especial) in Sichuan Province. 【答案】especially 【解析】 【详解】句意：布鞋在明朝开始流行，特别是在四川。根据英文提示可知，especial“特别的”，为形容词，此处应用副词来修饰后面的介词短语in Sichuan Province，起强调作用，especial的副词为especially。故填especially。 13. Cao Yuan a 22-year-old Chinese scientist, was regarded ________ one of the top 10 people by Nature in 2018. 【答案】as 【解析】 【详解】句意：曹源，一名22岁的中国科学家，在2018年被《自然》杂志评为十位最伟大的人物之一。be regarded as“被看作是⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅”；as用作介词，意为“作为”。故填as。 14. In the past 70 years, China ________ (experience) historic changes and made great achievements. 【答案】has experienced 【解析】 【详解】句意：在过去的70年里，中国经历了历史性变化，取得了巨大成就。experience“经历”，根据“In the past 70 years”可知，此处用现在完成时，主语China是第三人称单数形式，助动词用has，故填has experienced。 15. Judy is an outgoing girl. She shows everything on her face, ________ she is happy or not. 【答案】whether 【解析】 【详解】句意：朱迪是个外向的女孩。她把一切都表现在脸上，不管她高兴与否。根据“or not”可知，此处是结构whether...or not“不管是不是”。故填whether。 16. Our teacher encourages us ________ (read) more books every day to enrich our knowledge. 【答案】to read 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们的老师鼓励我们每天多读书来丰富我们的知识。encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，因此空处应是to read。故填to read。 17. Young children are often taught road ________ (safe) to avoid road accidents. 【答案】safety 【解析】 【详解】句意：幼儿经常被教导道路安全，以避免道路事故。此处是名词短语road safety，表示“道路安全”，故填safety。 18. We have two more classes. One is physics, and ________ other is politics. 【答案】the 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们还有两节课，一节是物理，另一节是政治。根据“We have two more classes. One is physics, and”可知，此空表示特指，应用one...the other...。one...the other...“一个……另一个……”。故填the。 19. China _________ (win) lots of high praises since we turned the sand into forests. 【答案】has won 【解析】 【详解】句意：自从我们把沙子变成森林以来，中国赢得了很多好评。根据“since”可知，此处构成“现在完成时+since+一般过去时”结构，主语是China，助动词用has，故填has won。 20. You won’t realize your dream ________ you put your heart into your study. 【答案】until 【解析】 【详解】句意：只有你全身心地投入学习，你才能实现你的梦想。此处连接句子，用连词，not...until...“直到……才……”，故填until。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Anyone who has seen The Sound of Music, the Oscar-winning movie, knows the famous city of Salzburg in Austria. The musical movie was filmed in and around the city. To enjoy the amazing (令人惊叹的) city, you only have to walk through the alleys (小巷). The sounds of music in Salzburg are not just from the famous film. Mozart, one of the greatest musicians, was born here, and the city is proud of him. You’ll hear Mozart’s music all over the city. And you can visit Mozart’s birthplace, learn about his childhood and even try the chocolate named for him: a Mozart ball! Don’t miss visiting the Salzburg Residenz, which was the rulers’ palace in the past. It was here that Mozart performed (表演) for the first time in his life. A visit to Salzburg in December must include time in the Christmas markets, which can be found here and there. Visit the marketplaces for a hot drink. Then enjoy the beautiful handiwork for sale. Salt was so important to the city of Salzburg that the city was named for it. This “white gold” brought wealth to the rulers. You can visit the Hallein Salt Mine (矿), one of the oldest in the world. Take a train ride into the mountain, where miners will explain the mining process (过程). Then enjoy a boat ride across an underground lake. These are just a few of the enjoyable places in this small Austrian city. There are much more waiting for you to explore. Make sure to plan a trip to this breathtaking city. Its history and culture will excite your senses. 21. What do we know about The Sound of Music? A. It was filmed by Mozart. B. It is an Oscar-winning movie. C. It is a movie of Salzburg’s chocolate. 22. Where did Mozart perform for the first time in his life? A. In a Christmas market. B. At the Hallein Salt Mine. C. At the Salzburg Residenz. 23. What is the “white gold” in Paragraph 4? A. Salt. B. Music. C. A hot drink. 24. Which of the following does the writer agree with? A. Salzburg is too small to visit. B. Salzburg is a place worth visiting. C. There is nothing interesting in Salzburg. 25. What section (部分) of a magazine is the text taken from? A. Travel. B. Sports. C. Science. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍奥地利著名的城市萨尔茨堡。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Anyone who has seen The Sound of Music, the Oscar-winning movie, knows the famous city of Salzburg in Austria.”可知，《音乐之声》是奥斯卡获奖影片。故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Don’t miss visiting the Salzburg Residenz, which was the rulers’ palace in the past. It was here that Mozart performed (表演) for the first time in his life.”可知，莫扎特一生中第一次演出在萨尔茨堡公馆。故选C。 【23题详解】 词句猜测题。分析“Salt was so important to the city of Salzburg that the city was named for it. This ‘white gold’ brought wealth to the rulers.”可知，盐对萨尔茨堡非常重要，因此这座城市以盐命名。“white gold”指的是盐，故选A。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Make sure to plan a trip to this breathtaking city. Its history and culture will excite your senses.”可知，一定要计划一次去这座令人惊叹的城市的旅行，它的历史和文化会激发你的感官。由此推知萨尔茨堡是一个值得参观的地方。故选B。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。本文介绍奥地利著名的城市萨尔茨堡，所以推测可能在旅游版块看到这篇文章，故选A。 B Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects (昆虫), you’ll discover many unbelievable things. Consider butterflies, for example. They have beautiful, colorful wings, and strong, fantastic flying skills. On summer days, you always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields. But, did you know how butterflies become the flying insects? It’s one of the amazing wonders of nature. In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colorful egg on a leaf or stem (茎) of a plant. It’s hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life has begun. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see. But it is still not a butterfly. Soon, after growing big, the caterpillar makes a cover for itself. It covers itself in the nice protective blanket (保护层) and goes to sleep. This stage (阶段) is known as the “pupa (蛹)” stage. After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings. Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and the beautiful, colorful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away. After a few weeks, this adult butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle begins all over again. This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn many truly amazing things. 26. What is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. Butterflies are a kind of insect. B. Butterflies have colorful wings and are good at flying. C. Butterflies have a good sense of smell. 27. What does the underlined word “caterpillar” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A. 幼虫 B. 飞蛾 C. 蝴蝶 28. What is the right order of the development process (发育过程) of a butterfly? ① It becomes a pupa. ② It becomes a walking insect. ③ Female butterflies lay an egg. ④ It spreads wings and flies away. A. ②→①→③→④ B. ③→②→①→④ C. ③→②→④→① 29. Which of the following best describes a butterfly after the blanket breaks? A. It has legs, eyes and a large body. B. It has legs, eyes, a mouth and a large body. C. It has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings. 30. What can be the best title for the text? A. One Insect, Four Lives. B. The kinds of Butterflies. C. The Habits of Butterflies. 【答案】26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了蝴蝶生命中经历的虫卵、毛毛虫、蛹、蝴蝶的四个阶段。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Consider butterflies, for example. They have beautiful, colorful wings, and strong, fantastic flying skills. On summer days, you always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields.”可知，第一段提到蝴蝶是一种昆虫，擅长飞行，有彩色的翅膀。并未提及蝴蝶的嗅觉很灵敏。故选C。 【27题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“It’s hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar.”可知，这颗卵变成了一只会走路的昆虫，因此“caterpillar”的含义为幼虫。故选A。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colorful egg”；“It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar.”；“This stage is known as the ‘pupa (蛹)’ stage.”；“After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears.”可知，蝴蝶经历的四个阶段是：虫卵、毛毛虫、蛹、蝴蝶。故选B。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据“After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings.”可知，有六条腿，一张嘴，眼睛和翅膀。故选C。 【30题详解】 最佳标题题。本文主要讲了蝴蝶生命中的四个阶段。A选项“一个昆虫，四个生命”符合文章主题。故选A。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) Have you seen “dopamine dressing (多巴胺穿搭)” on your social media? ____31____. ●What is dopamine dressing? ____32____. Through brightness of colors, the dressing creates happy feelings in people. The science behind color Science showed long ago that different colors can affect (影响) people. They could make us feel warmer or cooler and also affect our feelings. For example, bright colors can make people feel happy. ____33____. ●Getting a place in fashion world Learning how colors work, fashion brands (品牌) have also used colors in different ways. For example, Versace, an Italian brand, added the idea of dopamine dressing to their clothes in 2021. ____34____. ●Turning into daily style Now, many people take this style to fight back bad feelings and show themselves. “I’ve seen people who are very shy put on colorful clothes and become free,” Karen said. “____35____.” A. The colors like black, white and grey may make people upset B. First created by Dawnn Karen in 2020, dopamine dressing is dressing for joy C. It said this could bring fun and positive energy to the world through fashion D. Their whole mood (心情) changes when they wear clothes that show who they really are E. It’s one of the most popular fashion idea for 2023 【答案】31. E 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了多巴胺着装的概念和流行趋势。 【31题详解】 根据上文“Have you seen ‘dopamine dressing’ on your social media?”可知，说的是“多巴胺着装”。选项E“这是2023年最受欢迎的时尚创意之一”符合语境。故选E。 【32题详解】 根据上文“What is dopamine dressing?”可知, 说的是多巴胺着装是什么。选项B“Dawnn Karen于2020年首次创造了多巴胺着装，它是为快乐而打扮”符合语境。故选B。 【33题详解】 根据上文“For example, bright colors can make people feel happy.”可知，说的是颜色会影响人的感觉。选项A“黑色、白色和灰色等颜色可能会让人心烦意乱”符合语境。故选A。 【34题详解】 根据上文“Learning how colors work, fashion brands have also used colors in different ways.For example, Versace, an Italian brand, added the idea of dopamine dressing to their clothes in 2021.”可知，说的是时尚品牌也以不同的方式使用颜色。选项C“它说这可以通过时尚给世界带来乐趣和正能量”符合语境。故选C。 【35题详解】 根据上文“Now, many people take this style to fight back bad feelings and show themselves. ‘I’ve seen people who are very shy put on colorful clothes and become free,’Karen said.”可知，说的是现在的许多人采取多巴胺风格来反击不良情绪并展示自己。选项D“当他们穿上能显示他们真实身份的衣服时，他们的整个情绪都会发生变化”符合语境。故选D。 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分35） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Once there was a teenage boy who was known as a fast runner in his village. The boy only ____36____ winning every race and becoming more successful. One day, the boy took part in a running race in his village. He won the 200, 100 and 50-meter races ____37____ any problem. He was proud of himself and received great applause (掌声). But his grandfather walked towards him and asked him to ____38____ two unexpected competitors, an old man and a blind girl. The boy thought it was ____39____ but accepted. In the race, the boy finished first, ____40____ the old man and the blind girl were still at the starting line. With ____41____, he waved (挥) his hands at the crowd (人群). But they only sat there silently. “Why are people not cheering for me like before?” he asked his grandfather. “Start the race again with them. But this time, all of you should cross the finish line at the same time.” the grandfather replied. The boy was surprised but agreed to take the ____42____ race. As soon as the race started, the boy carefully took the hands of the old man and the blind girl and walked ____43____ with them to the finish line. The crowd gave them a standing applause. The boy asked his grandfather in surprise. “For whom are the people cheering? Is it for me, or ____44____?” The grandfather smiled and said. “The crowd did not cheer for any one of you. They cheered for how you all ran the race together.” Facing the race of life, what matters is not just winning, ____45____ how you run the race. 36. A. talked about B. cared about C. learned about 37. A. with B. in C. without 38. A. challenge B. change C. cheat 39. A. perfect B. usual C. unbelievable 40. A. before B. while C. since 41 A. joy B. stress C. interest 42. A. first B. second C. third 43. A. slowly B. quickly C. angrily 44. A. him B. her C. them 45. A. and B. but C. or 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B 41. A 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了一位男孩跑步非常厉害，他只关心每场比赛胜利。他的祖父让他与老人和盲人女孩一起参加比赛，当他独自跑到终点，没有人为他欢呼，但当他拉着老人和盲人女孩的手一起冲向终点时，人们为他们鼓掌。从而告诉我们面对人生的赛跑，重要的不只是获胜，而是如何去跑。 【36题详解】 句意：这个男孩只在乎赢得每一场比赛，变得更加成功。 talked about谈论；cared about在乎；learned about了解。根据“winning every race and becoming more successful.”可知，男孩只在乎赢得比赛，变得更成功。故选B。 【37题详解】 句意：他毫无问题地赢得了200米、100米和50米的比赛。 with和；in在里面；without没有。根据“He was proud of himself and received great applause (掌声).”可知，他没有任何问题地赢得了比赛。故选C。 【38题详解】 句意：但他祖父向他走来，要他挑战两个意想不到的竞争者，一个老人和一个盲人女孩。 challenge挑战；change改变；cheat欺骗。根据“two unexpected competitors”可知，是指挑战两个竞争者。故选A。 【39题详解】 句意：男孩觉得难以置信，但还接受了。 perfect完美的；usual通常的；unbelievable难以置信的。根据“asked him to ... two unexpected competitors, an old man and a blind girl.”可知，祖父让他挑战一个老人和一个盲人女孩，这在男孩看来是难以置信的。故选C。 【40题详解】 句意：在比赛中，男孩取得了第一名，而老人和盲人女孩仍在起跑线上。 before在……之前；while然而；since自从。根据“the boy finished first, ... the old man and the blind girl were still at the starting line.”可知，前后句是对比关系，用while表示。故选B。 【41题详解】 句意：他高兴地向人群挥了挥手。 joy高兴；stress压力；interest兴趣。根据“In the race, the boy finished first,”可知，他赢得了比赛，应是高兴地挥手。故选A。 【42题详解】 句意：男孩很惊讶，但还是同意参加第二次比赛。 first第一；second第二；third第三。根据“Start the race again with them.”以及前文介绍男孩与老人和盲人女孩参加了一场比赛可知，此处是指参加第二次比赛。故选B。 【43题详解】 句意：比赛一开始，男孩就小心翼翼地拉着老人和盲人女孩的手，和他们一起慢慢走向终点。 slowly慢慢地；quickly快地；angrily生气地。根据“the boy carefully took the hands of the old man and the blind girl and walked ... with them to the finish line”可知，是指拉着他们的手，和他们一起慢慢走向终点。故选A。 【44题详解】 句意：是为了我还是为了他们？ him他；her她；them他们。此处是指老人和盲人女孩两个人，用them指代。故选C。 【45题详解】 句意：面对人生的赛跑，重要的不仅仅是获胜，而是如何跑这场比赛。 and和；but但是；or或者。not ... but“不是……而是”，固定搭配。故选B。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） During August this year, Chongqing City was hit by hot weather, and mountain fires broke out in parts of it. Chongqing, also known ___46___ a “mountain city”, has a steep terrain (陡峭的地形) that makes it difficult to transport supplies (补给) up the mountain. ___47___ (luck), many local riders rode motorcycles to join in, and others were professional riders who came specially for the work. One of them, ___48___ young man named Long Jie in his early 20s, became famous as “the rider in fire”. Long is a takeaway rider (外卖骑手) who enjoys riding motorcycle in ___49___ (he) spare time. He is a highly skilled member of a local motorcycle team. On August 22, when he ___50___ (learn) that hundreds of fire fighters in the mountain forest had not gotten food, he immediately took food and ice water on his back and drove his motorcycle ___51___ (send) the supplies. In an online video, Long was so tired and ___52___ (sleep) that he was seen pouring water down over his head to stay awake. The fight against nature was finally won. ___53___, his motorcycle numbered “No. 26” in the team was damaged (损坏) in the firefighting action. The leader of the motorcycle team said they had received several museum ___54___ (invitation) to collect “No. 26”, and that they were also considering ____55____ (sell) the motorcycle at auction (拍卖) and donating the money to those in need. 【答案】46. as 47. Luckily 48. a 49. his 50. learned##learnt 51. to send 52. sleepy 53. However 54. invitations 55. selling 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了“烈火骑手”龙杰骑着摩托车，给山林中数百名消防员送物资的故事。 【46题详解】 句意：重庆也被称为“山城”，地形陡峭，很难将物资运送上山。be known as“被称为”，故填as。 【47题详解】 句意：幸运的是，许多当地的骑手骑着摩托车加入进来，还有一些是专门来工作的专业骑手。luck“运气”，是名词，此处修饰整个句子，用副词，故填Luckily。 【48题详解】 句意：其中一位名叫龙杰的20岁出头的年轻人，以“烈火骑士”而闻名。man是单数可数名词，用不定冠词修饰，young是辅音音素开头，因此用a修饰，故填a。 【49题详解】 句意：龙杰是一名外卖骑手，业余时间喜欢骑摩托车。he“他”，是主格形式，修饰名词spare time，用形容词性物主代词，故填his。 【50题详解】 句意：8月22日，当他得知山林中数百名消防员没有食物时，他立即背上了食物和冰水，骑着摩托车送去了物资。learn“得知”，根据“took”可知，此处用一般过去时，故填learned/learnt。 【51题详解】 句意：8月22日，当他得知山林中数百名消防员没有食物时，他立即背上了食物和冰水，骑着摩托车送去了物资。send“送”，结合句意，他立即背上了食物和冰水，骑着摩托车的目的是去送物资，因此用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to send。 【52题详解】 句意：在一段网络视频中，龙杰太累了，昏昏欲睡，为了保持清醒，他往头上浇了水。sleep“睡觉”，是动词，作为系动词was的表语，用形容词，故填sleepy。 【53题详解】 句意：然而，他的号码是“No. 26”的摩托车在消防行动中被损坏。结合句意，前一句表示与自然的斗争终于取得了胜利，后一句表示他的号码是“No. 26”的摩托车在消防行动中被损坏，前后表示转折关系，有逗号隔开，用连词however“然而”，故填However。 【54题详解】 句意：摩托车队的领队说，他们已经收到了几家博物馆的邀请，希望收藏“No. 26”，他们还在考虑拍卖这辆摩托车，把钱捐给需要帮助的人。invitation“邀请”，是名词，根据“several”可知，此处用复数名词，故填invitations。 【55题详解】 句意：摩托车队的领队说，他们已经收到了几家博物馆的邀请，希望收藏“No. 26”，他们还在考虑拍卖这辆摩托车，把钱捐给需要帮助的人。sell“出售”，by doing sth“通过做某事”。故填selling。 第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。 China launched (发射) the Shenzhou XVI manned spaceship on May 30th. The journey is the first flight of China’s third generation (一代) of astronauts, and the first time a common person has traveled to space. Zhu Yangzhu is one of the spaceflight engineers for the Shenzhou XVI mission. 1. 自他是小男孩时就喜欢飞行。 When he was a middle school student, Zhu often did physical exercises about flying. Because of his high grades, Zhu could entered the National University of Defense (国防) Technology in Changsha in the summer of 2005. 2. He spent several hours doing research on engineering every day after entering the university. He remained there for the following years. At the end of 2015, Zhu graduated from the university with a doctor degree and took his first engineering post. In the summer of 2018, Zhu heard that China would choose the third-generation astronauts. He decided to try out for it. 3. He wondered whether he could achieve his dream. In September 2020, Zhu finally became one of the country’s third group of 18 astronauts, including six other flight engineers. However, the astronaut training tasks (任务) were a real challenge for him. For example, astronauts had to stay up for three days and three nights in a closed room, and they had to do many tests on a computer. 4. 但是，他完成训练任务没有问题。At the same time, he could play a role in relaxing others and helping them to stay clear-headed by singing and telling jokes. 5. Thanks to his hard work, Zhu progressed rapidly in every training course. Zhu said he felt honored to become a member to fly in space. 56. ________________ 57. ________________ 58. ________________ 59. ________________ 60. ________________ 【答案】56. He has loved flying since he was a little boy. 57. 进入大学后，他每天花几个小时研究工程学。 58. 他想知道他能否实现自己的梦想。 59. However, he had no problem completing the training task. 60. 由于他的努力学习，朱在每一次训练中都进步很快。 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国发射的神舟十六号载人飞船的航天员朱杨柱的成长经历和努力，以及他在宇航员训练中所面临的挑战和取得的进步。 【56题详解】 自从：since；他：he；是：be；小男孩：a little boy；喜欢飞行：like flying。根据句意可知，此句为含since引导的时间状语从句的复合句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般现在时。故答案为：He has loved flying since he was a little boy. 【57题详解】 He：他；spent several hours：花费几个小时；doing research：做研究；on engineering：关于工程；every day：每天；after entering the university：进入大学后。故答案为：进入大学后，他每天花几个小时研究工程学。 【58题详解】 He：他；wondered 想知道；whether：是否；he could achieve his dream：他能实现他的梦想。故答案为：他想知道他能否实现自己的梦想。 【59题详解】 但是：but；他：he；干某事没有问题：have no problem doing sth.；完成训练任务：complete the training task。根据上下文语境可知，句子应用一般过去时，故动词应用过去式。故答案为：However, he had no problem completing the training task. 【60题详解】 Thanks to：由于；his hard work：他的努力学习；progressed rapidly in every training course：在每一次训练课程中都进步很快。故答案为：由于他的努力学习，朱在每一次训练中都进步很快。 第四部分 书面表达（满分10分） 61. 巍巍麓山，浩浩湘水，璀璨星城长沙吸引着全世界越来越多人的目光。为此，长沙文旅局向中学生开展了“了解家乡之事，厚植家乡情，用世界语言描述长沙” 的征文比赛！请你根据以下提示，以“Charming (有魅力的) Changsha”为题，描述长沙印象，内容包含以下要点： Charming Changsha Location and climate (气候) Northeast of Hunan province; cold in winter, hot in summer, warm in spring and cool in autumn History Over 3,000 years Population About 10 million A must-see place Orange Isle (橘子洲头): full of trees and flowers, eco-friendly (生态好); breathtakingly (惊人地) beautiful, very relaxed Local food ... 要求： (1) 80词左右； (2) 包含以上所有要点并适当拓展； (3) 文中不得出现真实人名和校名。 以下词汇可供参考： capital city 首都；省会城市 Stinky tofu 臭豆腐 smelly臭的 spicy crayfish 香辣小龙虾 rice noodles 米粉 milk tea in Chayan Yuese 茶颜 Charming Changsha ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Charming Changsha Changsha is the capital city of Hunan province, and it is a charming city. It is in the northeast of Hunan province. It is cold in winter, hot in summer, warm in spring and cool in autumn. Changsha has a history of over 3,000 years. There are about 10 million people in Changsha. Orange Isle is a must-see place, which is full of trees and flowers. The city is eco-friendly and breathtakingly beautiful. People feel very relaxed when they visit the city. The delicious food in Changsha also attracts visitors at home and abroad, such as smelly stinky tofu, spicy crayfish, rice noodles and milk tea in Chayan Yuese. Welcome to Changsha! 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文，为说明文。 ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中长沙的介绍要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，直入主题，引出关于长沙的相关内容； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“位置、气候、历史、人口等”几个方面重点介绍长沙的具体情况； 第三步，书写结语，表达“欢迎来长沙”的邀请。 [亮点词汇] ①full of充满； ②at home and abroad在国内外； ③such as例如； ④welcome to欢迎来…… [高分句型] ①There are about 10 million people in Changsha. (“there be”句型) ②Orange Isle is a must-see place, which is full of trees and flowers, eco-friendly and breathtakingly beautiful. (which引导定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$