Unit 5 Languages Around the World Reading and Thinking（分层作业）英语人教版2019必修第一册

Unit 5 Languages Around the World Reading and Thinking分层作业 基础巩固 一、英汉互译 1． 追溯到 2． 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 3． 因……著名 4． 被看作 5． 至关重要 6． 在……中起重要作用 7． 导致 8．be connected with 9．at the beginning 10．global affairs 2、 词性转换 1. _________vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于→_________ n.指称关系；参考 2. _________ n.体系；制度；系统→_________ adj.有系统的；有计划的→_________ adv. 有系统地；有条理地 3. _________ v. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n.底部；根据→_________ adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→_________adj. 基本的；基础的→_________ n. 基础；根据；基点(复数) 4. _________ vi.变化→_________ adj. 不同的；各种各样的→_________ n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化 5. _________ adj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究→_________ n. 大部分；大多数 6. _________ n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点→_________ n. 特征；特性adj.典型的；独特的 7. _________ n.地球；世界；地球仪→_________ adj.全球的；全世界的 8. _________ vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会  vi.增值→_________ n. 感激；欣赏 9. _________ n.同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的→_________ adv.平等地→_________ n.平等 10. _________ v. 描述；描绘→_________ n.描写(文字)；形容 能力提升 一、单句语法填空 1． (date) back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has a history of over 200 years. 2．Rich industrialized countries have sown the seeds of warming. (globe) 3．Nowadays, cycling, along with swimming, (regard) as one of the best activities. 4．When planning meals, you need to think about and taste as well as nutritional value. (vary) 5．“It has  really  given me the desire to visit China, in particular to explore the  traditional  ink artwork，” said Marianne Simon, an MA (文学硕士) student (major) in publishing and creative writing at Kingston University. 6．No matter we are, we are able to keep in contact with loved ones with all sorts of communication software. 7．Every means (have) been used to calm the woman down. 8．The exhibition was divided four parts to display different kinds of painting. 9． the fact that she was wearing a seat belt, she was thrown sharply forward. 10．No matter who we are, we should stand on the right side of history and push for human (civil) to make new progress. 2、 课文原句翻译 1. China is widely known for its ancient civilization which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history. 2. There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system. 3.It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu-- animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. 4.Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters. 5.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. 拓展延伸 一、阅读理解 Do you speak a dialect (方言) in daily life? While many Chinese people speak Mandarin (普通话), some local dialects are in danger of disappearing. To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago. This project looks at how people talk in 1,712 places. Their languages include 103 dialects that are almost gone. It has helped China to build the largest language resource library in the world. There’s an online library where people can learn dialects from over 5.6 million audio clips (音频) and over 5 million videos. Why is it important to protect the dialect culture? According to British linguist Harold Palmer, dialects are a key to store local cultures. Language faithfully shows the history, the beliefs and the biases (偏见) of an area, he said. Scholar Zhang Hongming talked about his concerns of the disappearing of dialects, “For about over 10 years, in the Wu dialect areas such as Shanghai and Suzhou, children aged 6 to 15 can understand but hardly speak the dialect. Meanwhile, young people above 15 years old sometimes speak it, but not very well. If this keeps happening, the dialect might disappear,” he said. So how did China make this big library? “A big national effort has been put into the project to make it happen,” said Cao Zhiyun, chief expert on the project. Over five years, more than 350 universities and research groups joined in, along with over 4,500 experts and more than 6,000 dialect speakers. The project is now entering into its second part. This includes creating digital tools like apps and mobile dictionaries to help people learn dialects. 1．What is the purpose of the project? A．To teach people Mandarin. B．To protect dialects. C．To develop people’s speaking skills. D．To show ways of talking. 2．How many audio clips are collected in this project? A．103. B．1,712. C．5 million. D．Over 5.6 million. 3．What is the situation of Wu dialect according to Zhang Hongming? A．It is in danger of disappearance. B．It is widely spoken in Suzhou. C．It has more than 6,000 dialect speakers. D．It is taught in more than 350 universities. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．China online language resource library. B．Cao Zhiyun, chief expert on the project. C．The Chinese Language Resources Protection Project. D．Zhang Hongming, a scholar of Chinese dialect protection. 二、七选五 We can study language change using language corpora (语料库) like the Cambridge English Corpus, which contains a large collection of texts gathered over many years. 1 Changes in adverbial meaning. A large change in language that we recorded in our research is the change in terms of frequency (频率) of the adverb “literally”, which in the 2010s was almost ten times more frequent than in the 1990s, for example. 2 There has also been a notable change in meaning with the 2010s seeing much more metaphorical (比喻的) use of literally than before e.g. “oh I literally haven’t moved all day”. This is important, as if someone had not moved in the slightest for a whole day, then we might grow a little worried for them. This of course was not what the speaker meant. 3 Technology. Creativity in language often assumes creativity in the wider world. and technology is a great driver of this. Think about companies like WeChat or WhatsApp. which were founded in 2011 and 2009 respectively. In 2007, if you were to say “I’ll whatsapp you”, no one would have understood. 4 In fact, in the Now Corpus there are no examples of the word WhatsApp in 2010, while in 2018 there were over 50,000 examples. 5 The word “wicked”, for example, was originally used as a negative word. But a study shows that in spoken British English, wicked is used more positively like “well wicked” in the 2010s, An important thing to know is that if someone calls something wicked. it is not necessarily bad. A．Changes in positive and negative words. B．Changes in the position of words in a sentence. C．Rather, the speaker was most likely to stress a fact. D．Here are three findings from the study of such data. E．However, frequency is not the only point of interest. F．Fortunately language change is happening all around us. G．But now the frequency of the word has increased sharply. 三、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 The main reason 1 China’s ancient civilization has continued all the way through into modern times has been the Chinese writing system. 2 (date) back to several thousand years ago, written Chinese was a picture­based language. Symbols 3 (carve) on animal bones and shells by ancient Chinese people. Over the years, there was a time when the Chinese people were divided 4 (geographic), leading to many 5 (variety) of dialects and characters. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country, making the Chinese writing system begin 6 (develop) in one direction. It was of great 7 (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture. People in modern times can read the classic works 8 (write) by Chinese in ancient times. Nowadays, Chinese calligraphy has become an important part of Chinese culture.As China 9 (play) a greater role in global affairs, an 10 (increase) number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 5 Languages Around the World Reading and Thinking分层作业 基础巩固 一、英汉互译 1． 追溯到 2． 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 3． 因……著名 4． 被看作 5． 至关重要 6． 在……中起重要作用 7． 导致 8．be connected with 9．at the beginning 10．global affairs 【答案】 1．date back (to...) 2．ups and downs 3．be known for 4．be seen/regarded as 5．be of great importance 6．play a great role in 7．lead to 8．与……有关 9．一开始 10．全球事务 【解析】1．追溯到，应为表达为date back (to...)。故填date back (to...)。 2．浮沉；兴衰；荣辱，英文表达为ups and downs。故填ups and downs。 3．因……著名，英文表达为be known for。故填be known for。 4．被看作，英文表达为be seen/regarded as。故填be seen/regarded as。 5．至关重要，英文表达为be of great importance。故填be of great importance。 6．在……中起重要作用，英文表达为play a great role in。故填play a great role in。 7．导致，英文表达为lead to。故填lead to。 8．动词短语be connected with意为“与……有关”。故填：与……有关。 9．介词短语at the beginning意为“一开始”。故填：一开始。 10．名词短语global affairs意为“全球事务”。故填：全球事务。 2、 词性转换 1. _________vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于→_________ n.指称关系；参考 2. _________ n.体系；制度；系统→_________ adj.有系统的；有计划的→_________ adv. 有系统地；有条理地 3. _________ v. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n.底部；根据→_________ adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→_________adj. 基本的；基础的→_________ n. 基础；根据；基点(复数) 4. _________ vi.变化→_________ adj. 不同的；各种各样的→_________ n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化 5. _________ adj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究→_________ n. 大部分；大多数 6. _________ n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点→_________ n. 特征；特性adj.典型的；独特的 7. _________ n.地球；世界；地球仪→_________ adj.全球的；全世界的 8. _________ vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会  vi.增值→_________ n. 感激；欣赏 9. _________ n.同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的→_________ adv.平等地→_________ n.平等 10. _________ v. 描述；描绘→_________ n.描写(文字)；形容 【答案】1.refer；reference  2. system；systematic；systematically  3.base；based；basic；basis(pl.bases)  4.vary；various；variety  5.major；majority  6.character；characteristic  7.globe；global  8.appreciate；appreciation  9.equal；equally；equality  10.describe；description   能力提升 一、单句语法填空 1． (date) back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has a history of over 200 years. 【答案】Dating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：京剧始于18世纪，至今已有200多年的历史。句中谓语是has，空格处用非谓语动词，Peking Opera和date之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Dating。 2．Rich industrialized countries have sown the seeds of warming. (globe) 【答案】global 【详解】考查形容词。句意：富裕的工业化国家播下了全球变暖的种子。修饰名词warming应用形容词global，作定语。故填global。 3．Nowadays, cycling, along with swimming, (regard) as one of the best activities. 【答案】is regarded 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：如今，骑自行车和游泳一起被认为是最好的运动之一。主语cycling与谓语构成被动关系，结合Nowadays可知为一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用单数。此处遵循就远原则，故填is regarded。 4．When planning meals, you need to think about and taste as well as nutritional value. (vary) 【答案】 various variety 【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：在计划各种膳食时，你需要考虑种类、味道以及营养价值。第一空，空处应用形容词various“各种各样的”在句中作定语，修饰名词meals；第二空，空处应用名词variety“种类”作介词about的宾语。故填①various；②variety。 5．“It has  really  given me the desire to visit China, in particular to explore the  traditional  ink artwork，” said Marianne Simon, an MA (文学硕士) student (major) in publishing and creative writing at Kingston University. 【答案】majoring 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：“它真的给了我访问中国的愿望，特别是探索传统的墨画，”玛丽安·西蒙说，她是金斯敦大学出版和创意写作专业的硕士学生。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词。Marianne Simon, an MA student与major是主谓关系，故用现在分词表主动，作后置定语。故填majoring。 6．No matter we are, we are able to keep in contact with loved ones with all sorts of communication software. 【答案】where 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论我们在哪里，我们都可以通过各种通信软件与亲人保持联系。结合句意可知，此处指“无论我们在哪里”，使用no matter where引导让步状语从句，故填where。 7．Every means (have) been used to calm the woman down. 【答案】has 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：已用尽一切办法使那女人平静下来。此空为句子的谓语部分，结合句意以及提示词可知，此处应为现在完成时的被动语态，主语means意为“方式，方法”为单复数同形，every修饰means表示单数意义，所以谓语动词为单数形式。故填has。 8．The exhibition was divided four parts to display different kinds of painting. 【答案】into 【详解】考查介词。句意：展览被分成了四部分，以展示不同种类的绘画。根据句意，这里表达的是展览被分成四个部分，“被分成”的固定表达是be divided into，故填into。 9． the fact that she was wearing a seat belt, she was thrown sharply forward. 【答案】Despite 【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管她系了安全带，她还是被猛地向前甩了出去。结合句意可知，空处表示“尽管”，应用介词despite，名词fact作其宾语；位于句首，首字母大写。故填Despite。 10．No matter who we are, we should stand on the right side of history and push for human (civil) to make new progress. 【答案】civilization 【详解】考查名词。句意：无论是谁，都应该站在历史的正确一边，推动人类文明不断取得新的进步。分析句子，设空处使用civil的名词civilization作宾语，意为“文明”。故填civilization。 2、 课文原句翻译 1. China is widely known for its ancient civilization which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history. 【答案】中国以其古代文明而闻名,尽管历史兴衰更替，但文明一直延续到现代。 【详解】语言积累： 1. 因...而广为人知： be widely known for 2.古代文明：ancient civilization 3.自始至终，从头到尾：all the way through 4.尽管：despite 5.起起伏伏；兴衰：ups and downs 2. There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system. 【答案】这种情况成为可能的原因有很多，但其中一个主要因素是汉字书写系统。 There are many reasons why... ……有很多的原因，……的原因有很多 3.It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu-- animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. 【答案】它可以追溯到几千年前的龙骨的使用——龙骨是古代中国人雕刻符号的动物骨头和贝壳。 4.Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters. 【答案】多年来，这个系统发展成不同的形式，因为那是一个人们在地理上被分隔的时代，导致了许多不同的方言和文字。 1.form n.形式；表格 v.形成 2.divide v.分开 常考搭配：be divided into 被分为 3.variety n．变体；多样化 various adj.各种各样的 vary v．变化;不同 a variety of=varieties of=various各种各样的 5.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. 【答案】秦始皇皇一统七国，中文书写体系开始向一个方向发展。 1.unite /juˈnaɪt/ v.（使）联合,（使）团结；使统一 united adj团结的 unified /ˈjuːnɪfaɪd /adj.一致的，统一的 unify v.（使）联合，（使）统一 2.major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 major vi.主修；专门研究 major in主修… major n.主修课程;主修学生 I am an English major. majority n．大多数…·a/the majority of大多数 拓展延伸 一、阅读理解 Do you speak a dialect (方言) in daily life? While many Chinese people speak Mandarin (普通话), some local dialects are in danger of disappearing. To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago. This project looks at how people talk in 1,712 places. Their languages include 103 dialects that are almost gone. It has helped China to build the largest language resource library in the world. There’s an online library where people can learn dialects from over 5.6 million audio clips (音频) and over 5 million videos. Why is it important to protect the dialect culture? According to British linguist Harold Palmer, dialects are a key to store local cultures. Language faithfully shows the history, the beliefs and the biases (偏见) of an area, he said. Scholar Zhang Hongming talked about his concerns of the disappearing of dialects, “For about over 10 years, in the Wu dialect areas such as Shanghai and Suzhou, children aged 6 to 15 can understand but hardly speak the dialect. Meanwhile, young people above 15 years old sometimes speak it, but not very well. If this keeps happening, the dialect might disappear,” he said. So how did China make this big library? “A big national effort has been put into the project to make it happen,” said Cao Zhiyun, chief expert on the project. Over five years, more than 350 universities and research groups joined in, along with over 4,500 experts and more than 6,000 dialect speakers. The project is now entering into its second part. This includes creating digital tools like apps and mobile dictionaries to help people learn dialects. 1．What is the purpose of the project? A．To teach people Mandarin. B．To protect dialects. C．To develop people’s speaking skills. D．To show ways of talking. 2．How many audio clips are collected in this project? A．103. B．1,712. C．5 million. D．Over 5.6 million. 3．What is the situation of Wu dialect according to Zhang Hongming? A．It is in danger of disappearance. B．It is widely spoken in Suzhou. C．It has more than 6,000 dialect speakers. D．It is taught in more than 350 universities. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．China online language resource library. B．Cao Zhiyun, chief expert on the project. C．The Chinese Language Resources Protection Project. D．Zhang Hongming, a scholar of Chinese dialect protection. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国政府发起了中国语言言资源保护工程，旨在拯救濒临消失的方言。 1．B 细节理解题。根据第一段的“While many Chinese people speak Mandarin (普通话), some local dialects are in danger of disappearing. To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago.(虽然许多中国人说普通话，但一些地方方言正面临消失的危险。为了拯救它们，中国政府在几年前启动了汉语资源保护工程)”可知，这项工程的目的是保护方言。故选B。 2．D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“There’s an online library where people can learn dialects from over 5.6 million audio clips (音频) and over 5 million videos.( 有一个在线图书馆，人们可以从560多万音频片段和500多万视频中学习方言)”可知，这个项目收集了560多万音频片段，故选D。 3．A 推理判断题。根据第四段内容“Scholar Zhang Hongming talked about his concerns of the disappearing of dialects, “For about over 10 years, in the Wu dialect areas such as Shanghai and Suzhou, children aged 6 to 15 can understand but hardly speak the dialect. Meanwhile, young people above 15 years old sometimes speak it, but not very well. If this keeps happening, the dialect might disappear,” he said.(学者张洪明谈到了他对方言消失的担忧，“大约十多年来，在上海和苏州等吴方言地区，6至15岁的孩子能听懂但几乎不会说这种方言。同时，15岁以上的年轻人有时会说它，但说的不是很好。如果这种情况持续下去，这种方言可能会消失，”他说)”可推断，吴认为吴方言处于消失的危险中。故选A。 4．C 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago.(为了拯救它们，中国政府在几年前启动了汉语资源保护工程)”以及下文内容可知，本文主要讲述了中国政府发起的目的是拯救濒临消失的方言的中国语言言资源保护工程。故选C。 二、七选五 We can study language change using language corpora (语料库) like the Cambridge English Corpus, which contains a large collection of texts gathered over many years. 1 Changes in adverbial meaning. A large change in language that we recorded in our research is the change in terms of frequency (频率) of the adverb “literally”, which in the 2010s was almost ten times more frequent than in the 1990s, for example. 2 There has also been a notable change in meaning with the 2010s seeing much more metaphorical (比喻的) use of literally than before e.g. “oh I literally haven’t moved all day”. This is important, as if someone had not moved in the slightest for a whole day, then we might grow a little worried for them. This of course was not what the speaker meant. 3 Technology. Creativity in language often assumes creativity in the wider world. and technology is a great driver of this. Think about companies like WeChat or WhatsApp. which were founded in 2011 and 2009 respectively. In 2007, if you were to say “I’ll whatsapp you”, no one would have understood. 4 In fact, in the Now Corpus there are no examples of the word WhatsApp in 2010, while in 2018 there were over 50,000 examples. 5 The word “wicked”, for example, was originally used as a negative word. But a study shows that in spoken British English, wicked is used more positively like “well wicked” in the 2010s, An important thing to know is that if someone calls something wicked. it is not necessarily bad. A．Changes in positive and negative words. B．Changes in the position of words in a sentence. C．Rather, the speaker was most likely to stress a fact. D．Here are three findings from the study of such data. E．However, frequency is not the only point of interest. F．Fortunately language change is happening all around us. G．But now the frequency of the word has increased sharply. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．C 4．G 5．A 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了语言随着时代在三个不同方面的改变。 1．D上文“We can study language change using language corpora (语料库) like the Cambridge English Corpus, which contains a large collection of texts gathered over many years.(我们可以使用语言语料库来研究语言的变化，比如剑桥英语语料库，它包含了多年来收集的大量文本。)”说明我们可以使用语料库来研究语言的变化，下文各段首句说明了语言的变化，因此推断项“以下是对这些数据的研究得出的三个结论。”符合语境，承上启下。故选D。 2．E 上文“A large change in language that we recorded in our research is the change in terms of frequency (频率) of the adverb “literally”, which in the 2010s was almost ten times more frequent than in the 1990s.(我们在研究中记录到的一个很大的语言变化是副词“literally”的频率变化，在2010年代，这个频率几乎是90年代的10倍。)”举例说明副词频率变化很大，下文“There has also been a notable change in meaning with the 2010s seeing much more metaphorical (比喻的) use of literally than before e.g. “oh I literally haven’t moved all day”.(意思也发生了显著变化，2010年代以来，“literally”的隐喻用法比以前多了很多，例如“哦，我真的一整天都没动”。)”说明了意思也发生了显著的变化，因此推断前后文说明了两件不同的事情，E项“然而，频率并不是唯一的兴趣点。”符合语境，连接前后文。故选E。 3．C 上文“There has also been a notable change in meaning with the 2010s seeing much more metaphorical (比喻的) use of literally than before e.g. “oh I literally haven’t moved all day”. This is important, as if someone had not moved in the slightest for a whole day, then we might grow a little worried for them. This of course was not what the speaker meant.( 意思也发生了显著变化，2010年代以来，“literally”的隐喻用法比以前多了很多，例如“哦，我真的一整天都没动”。这一点很重要，就好像有人一整天都没有动过，然后我们可能会有点担心他们。这当然不是说话人的意思。)”说明使用这个副词，说话人并非是真的说一整天没有动过，因此推断C项“相反，演讲者更有可能强调一个事实。”符合语境，故选C。 4．G上文“In 2007, if you were to say “I’ll whatsapp you”, no one would have understood.( 2007年，如果你说“我会用WhatsApp联系你”，没人会理解。)”说明2007年人们还不理解这句话，下文“In fact, in the Now Corpus there are no examples of the word WhatsApp in 2010, while in 2018 there were over 50,000 examples.( 事实上，在Now语料库中，2010年没有WhatsApp这个词的例子，而在2018年有超过5万个例子。)”说明人们越来越经常使用这个词，因此推断G项“但现在这个词的频率急剧增加。”符合语境，故选G。 5．A 空处为段落小标题。下文“The word “wicked”, for example, was originally used as a negative word. But a study shows that in spoken British English, wicked is used more positively like “well wicked” in the 2010s, An important thing to know is that if someone calls something wicked. it is not necessarily bad.( 例如，“wicked”这个词最初是一个贬义词。但一项研究表明，在21世纪10年代的英式口语中，wicked的用法更积极，比如“well wicked”。要知道的重要一点是，如果有人说某事wicked。这并不一定是坏事)”说明本段讲述词汇的积极性和消极词性有所变化，因此推断A项“积极词汇和消极词汇的变化”概况段落主旨，故选A。 三、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 The main reason 1 China’s ancient civilization has continued all the way through into modern times has been the Chinese writing system. 2 (date) back to several thousand years ago, written Chinese was a picture­based language. Symbols 3 (carve) on animal bones and shells by ancient Chinese people. Over the years, there was a time when the Chinese people were divided 4 (geographic), leading to many 5 (variety) of dialects and characters. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country, making the Chinese writing system begin 6 (develop) in one direction. It was of great 7 (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture. People in modern times can read the classic works 8 (write) by Chinese in ancient times. Nowadays, Chinese calligraphy has become an important part of Chinese culture.As China 9 (play) a greater role in global affairs, an 10 (increase) number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language. 【答案】 1．why 2．Dating 3．were carved 4．geographically 5．varieties 6．to develop 7．importance 8．written 9．plays 10．increasing 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了书面汉语的历史。 1．why考查定语从句。句意：中国古代文明一直延续到现代的主要原因是中国的文字系统。空处引导定语从句，先行词是reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导，故填why。 2．Dating考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年前，书面汉语是一种以图画为基础的语言。date back to和逻辑主语written Chinese之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，首字母应大写，故填Dating。 3．were carved考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：古代中国人在动物的骨头和贝壳上雕刻符号。主语Symbols和动词carve之间是被动关系，结合“ancient Chinese people”可知句子是描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义，故填were carved。 4．geographically考查副词。句意：多年来，中国人在地理上被划分开来，导致了许多方言和文字的变化。空处作状语修饰谓语部分were divided，应用副词形式，故填geographically。 5．varieties考查名词复数。句意：同上。variety是可数名词，由many可知应用名词复数，故填varieties。 6．to develop考查非谓语动词。句意：秦始皇将七个主要国家统一为一个统一的国家，使中国的文字系统开始朝着一个方向发展。begin to do sth“开始做某事”，故填to develop。 7．importance考查名词。句意：它对团结中国人民和文化具有重要意义。空处填名词作of的宾语，be of great importance“非常重要”，故填importance。 8．written考查非谓语动词。句意：现代人可以阅读古代中国人写的经典作品。动词write和works之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填written。 9．plays考查时态和主谓一致。句意：随着中国在全球事务中发挥越来越大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国的文化和历史。句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语China表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数，故填plays。 10．increasing考查形容词。句意：同上。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词number，故填increasing。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$