2024年英语新高考I卷阅读理解ABCD （真题精做+考点探究+以读促写）

2024年英语新高考I卷阅读理解ABCD （真题精做+考点探究+以读促写） 目录 第一部分：真题精做（命题分析+真题呈现+全解全析+阅读高频词+长难句分析） 第二部分：考点探究（回归基础，单句语法填空+选词填空+完成句子） 第三部分：以读促写（素养提升，阅读理解+应用文写作） 语篇 话题 体裁 词数 难度 阅读理解A 人与社会：栖息地修复工作队志愿者招募 应用文 199 + 68 =267 易 阅读理解B 人与社会：美国兽医采用中西医结合的方式治疗动物 夹叙夹议文 296+107= 403 中 阅读理解C 人与社会：阐述了对纸质阅读与数字阅读(可视化学习)的研究成果 说明文 339+145=484 中 阅读理解D 人与自然：现代生物采样数据的科学性 说明文 358+102= 460 难 Passage 1 （2024年全国新高考I卷 A） HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM Help restore and protect Marin’s natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive(侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. GROUPS Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form. AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15. Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed. We’ll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary. Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch. No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community service requirements. UPCOMING EVENTS Time Meeting Location Sunday, Jan. 15 10:00am-1:00pm Battery Alexander Trailhead Sunday, Jan. 22 10:00am-2:30pm Stinson Beach Parking Lot Sunday, Jan. 29 9:30am-2:30pm Coyote Ridge Trailhead 21. What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team? A. To discover mineral resources. B. To develop new wildlife parks. C. To protect the local ecosystem. D. To conduct biological research. 22. What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team? A. 5. B. 10. C. 15. D. 18. 23. What are the volunteers expected to do? A. Bring their own tools. B. Work even in bad weather. C. Wear a team uniform. D. Do at least three projects. 【篇章导读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一个生物栖息地修复工作队的工作内容和招募志愿者的相关信息和要求。 21. C 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Habitat Restoration Team volunteers … the ridges and valleys.可知，栖息地修复工作队的志愿者在恢复山脊和山谷的敏感资源和保护濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用，前加一月但具食的敏感集赞”，社比套系统，故选C。 22. B 细节理解题。 根据题干定位到小标题AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING下的第一句Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome，可知加入栖息地修复工作队的最低年龄限制是10岁，故选B。 23. B 细节理解题。 根据小标题AGE, SKILLS, WHATTO BRING下的第三段第一句We'll be working rain or shine.可知，做这份工作需要风雨无阻，故选B，即“甚至在天气情况不好时也会工作”。 重点单词 1. v. 确认 2. adj. 可获得的 3. v. 查看，检查 4. adj. 可获得的 熟词生义 1.layer n. 层(此处代指“ ”) 2. fulfill v. 履行，实现（此处指“ ”） 派生词 1.restore v. 修复,恢复，使复原→ n. 修复，恢复 2. beauty n. 美丽，，漂亮→ adj. 美丽的，漂亮的 3.remove v. → n. 移除，移走，除去 4. collect v. 收集→ n. 收集 5. sense v. 感觉n. 感官→ adj. 敏感的，过敏的 6. endanger v. 面临危险→ adj.濒临灭绝的,濒危的 7. arrange v. 安排→ n. 安排 8. guard v. 守卫，看管→ n. 监护人 9. approve v. 同意，赞成→ n. 同意，赞成 10. require v. 要求，需要→ n. 要求，需要 合成词 1. sun+ screen → n. 防晒霜； 2. up + coming → adj.即将来临/发生的 3. rain+ coat → n. 雨衣 重点短语 1. play a vital role in 2. 提前； 3. 填写 4. 如果有必要的话 难句剖析 We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. 分析:while引导 从句，省略了主语 和 动词。 翻译: 我们将探索美丽的公园遗址，同时进行侵入的植物移除，冬季种植和种子收集。 Passage 2 （2024年全国新高考I卷 B） “I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians(兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine – combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic(按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.” 24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 25. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by another veterinarian. C. He benefited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners. 26. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work. C. Examples of rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance. C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection. 【篇章导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。兽医William Farber奉行中西医结合的整体医学疗法，用针灸、按摩等方式治疗动物并取得了良好疗效。 24. A 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句I am not crazy以及第三句中的.... some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual method可知，Farber的一些同事认为他很怪异(odd)，因此A选项正确。 25. C 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，20年前有段时间Farber背部疼痛难忍，用药无效后尝试接受中医针灸治疗并取得很好的治疗效果。他受到启发，经过多年研习后，将此疗法应用于动物，因此C选项正确。 26. D主旨大意题。第三段通过两个具体的治疗案例说明整体医学疗法对于动物治疗的有效性，因此D选项正确。 27. A 推理判断题。从最后一段可知，兽医William Farber确信整体医学将会越来越受欢迎。自1982年以来，美国整体医疗兽医协会会员人数的增长印证了这一观点，因此A选项正确。 重点单词 1. adj. 疯狂的 2. v. 实行，奉行/n. 惯常做法； 3. v. (使)减轻； 4. n. 方法; 5. v. 提倡 6. adj. 可替代的 派生词 1. defend v. 保卫，防御→ defense n. 防御，保卫 → adj. 存有戒心的； 2. occasion n. （某事发生的）时刻，时候；<正式>时机→occasional adj. 偶尔→ adv. 偶尔，有时 3. convention n. 传统→ adj. 传统的； 4. relieve v. 缓解→ n. (痛苦等的)减轻 5. suffer v. 遭受→ n. 疼痛； 6. indicate v. 预测→ n. 迹象； 熟词生义 1.graduate v. 毕业 （此文指代“n. ” 2. condition n. 情形（此文指代“” ” 合成词 1.member+ ship→ n. 会员； 重点短语 1.ahead of one's time 2.have the last laugh 3.start out as 【难句剖析】 He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. 分析:when引导 从句修饰20 years ago。 翻译:20年前,他遭受严重的背痛时,他对替代疗法产生了兴趣。 Passage 3 （2024年全国新高考I卷 C） Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper? And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? The answers to both questions are often “no.” The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset(心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks – like identifying the main idea in a reading passage – to ones that require mental abstraction – such as drawing inferences from a text. The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they’ve read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page. But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis(假说).” According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. Audio(音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies – say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces. Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words. 28. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Seem unlikely to last. B. Seem hard to explain. C. Become ready to use. D. Become easy to notice. 29. What does the shallowing hypothesis assume? A. Readers treat digital texts lightly. B. Digital texts are simpler to understand. C. People select digital texts randomly. D. Digital texts are suitable for social media. 30. Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers? A. They can hold students’ attention. B. They are more convenient to prepare. C. They help develop advanced skills. D. They are more informative than text. 31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Students should apply multiple learning techniques. B. Teachers should produce their own teaching material. C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education. D. Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored. 【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了纸质阅读与数字阅读(可视化学习)在理解和记忆方面的优劣，强调纸质阅读对于深度学习和记忆的重要性。 28. D 词义猜测题。根据第二段前两句When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding.可知，在阅读几百字的文本时，纸质阅读比屏幕阅读的学习效果更好。根据画线词所在句可知，当实验人员把任务从易(比如找到阅读文章的主旨)到难(需要抽象思维，比如从文本中推断出结论)推进时，纸质阅读的优势尤为明显，也就是变得容易被人注意到(become easy to notice)，故选D。 29. A 推理判断题。第四段最后一句According to this theory, people ... than when they are reading print.是对shallowing hypothesis(浅层阅读假说)的解释说明。人们对待数字文本的态度与对待社交媒体的态度相当，社交媒体通常不那么严肃，相比纸质阅读，人们投入的脑力要少，也就是读者对数字文本持不严肃、轻松的态度。treat sth lightly意为“轻松地对待某事”，故选A。 30. A 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句Audio(音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies...可知，大学教师越来越多地使用音频和视频，是因为它们比文本更有吸引力，也就是能够保持学生的注意力，hold students’ attention是engaging的同义替换，故选A。 31. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn't assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.可知，教育工作者不应该认为所有媒介的效果是一样的。此外，本文主要介绍了纸质阅读在学习效果方面相较于数字阅读的优势,暗示了纸质文本在教育领域中的不可替代性，故选C。 重点单词 1. v. [名词动化]看 2. n. 内容 3. v. 同时执行多项任务 4. v.消费，消耗 5. v. 证实 6. ν. 识别，找到 7. adj. 思考的，思想的，精神的 8. adj. 确确实实的，真实的 9. adj. 视觉的 10. adj. 不同的 10. n. 方面 11. v. 提出 12. v. 变浅 13. v. 处理，对待 14. v. 布置 15. v. 证明 16. adj. 完全相同的 17. v. 使增加到最大限度，使最大化 18. v. 暗指 19. v. 运用 20. adj. 多种的 21. n. 技巧 22. v. 制作 熟词生义 1.cover v.覆盖，此文指的是“ ” 2.print v. 打印，此文指的是“ ” 3.pose v. 构成，造成，引起，此文指的是“ ” 4.property n. 所有物，财产，此文指的是“ ” 5.say v 说，此文指的是.“ ” 6.piece n. 块，片，此文指的是“ ” 7.role n. 角色，此文指的是 “ ” 8.geography n. 地理，此文指的是“ ” 派生词 1. effect n. 影响→ adj. 有效果的 2. concentrate v. 集中→ n. 专心，专注 3. entertain v. 使有兴趣，使快乐→ n. 消遣，娱乐 4. tend v. 往往，照顾→ n. 趋向 5. experiment v. 做实验→ n. 实验员； 6. engage v. 雇用，聘请；参加，从事；吸引，引起 → adj. 有吸引力的，有趣的； 7. reflect v. 折射，反思→ n. 反思，深思； 8. random adj. 随意的，任意的→ adv. 随机地； 9. information n. 信息→ adj. 提供有用信息的； 10. .abstract v adj. 抽象的→ n. 抽象 11. education n. 教育→ adj. 有教育意义的 合成词 1.on+screen→ adv. 在屏幕上； 重点短语 1. 涉及，与……相关 2. 各种各样的 3. _________ 从……中推断出结论 4.__________ 与……一起 5.__________ 将……同……联系起来 6.__________ 适合…… 7.__________ 需要 难句剖析 1.The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks –like identifying the main idea in a reading passage - to ones that require mental abstraction - such as drawing inferences from a text. 分析：本句中when引导 状语从句，从句谓语为move，like identifying the main idea in a reading passage和such as drawing inferences from a text分别补充说明simple tasks 和ones that require mental abstraction。 句意:当实验人员从提出简单的任务，如找到阅读文章的主旨，转向需要抽象思维的任务，如从文本中推断出结论时，纸质阅读的好处尤为明显。 2. According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. 分析：suited to social media作后置定语修饰 , 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词social media，and连接主句并列的谓语approach和devote。 句意:根据这一理论，人们对待数字文本的态度与对待社交媒体的态度相当，社交媒体通常不那么严肃,相比纸质阅读，人们投入的脑力要少。 Passage 4 （2024年全国新高考I卷 D） In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect. “With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens(标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable?” Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns. “We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias(使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru. Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features. What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity? “Quite a lot,” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places – and even species – that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.” 32. What do we know about the records of species collected now? A. They are becoming outdated. B. They are mostly in electronic form. C. They are limited in number. D. They are used for public exhibition. 33. What does Daru’s study focus on? A. Threatened species. B. Physical specimens. C. Observational data. D. Mobile applications. 34. What has led to the biases according to the study? A. Mistakes in data analysis. B. Poor quality of uploaded pictures. C. Improper way of sampling. D. Unreliable data collection devices. 35. What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps? A. Review data from certain areas. B. Hire experts to check the records. C. Confirm the identity of the users. D. Give guidance to citizen scientists. 【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，当前利用技术手段进行生物采样的过程可能存在偏差，分析了造成这些偏差的原因，并在最后说明如何完善生物采样数据的科学性。 32. B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records.可知，现在大多数生物多样性的记录都是以照片、视频和其他电子形式存在的。 33. C 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“These observations now outnumber ... Are they usable?”和第三段可知，Daru的研究重点是这些数据在多大程度上代表了实际的全球生物多样性。所以他的研究聚焦的是“样本数据”。 34. C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的... like the greater likelihood scientist ... right next to it和第五段可知，收集生物采样数据的人，对于采样区域、采样时段以及采样物种的选择有一定的主观性,这些不当的采样方式会导致收集到的数据产生偏差。 35. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Daru认为biodiversity apps可以根据研究结果引导采样人员关注样本采集不足的地区和物种，鼓励他们让专家确认上传样本图片中的物种名称。因此，Daru建议biodiversity apps提供给采样人员一些指导意见。 重点单词 1._______ v. 发现 2. _______ n. 改变; 3. _______ n. 多样性 4. _______ adj. 原始的，最初的 5. _______ v. 研究； 6. _______ v. 揭示； 7. _______ v. 更倾向于 8. _______ n. 相遇； 9. _______ n. 特征 熟词生义 1. document n. 文件， 此文指的是“v. ” 2. application n. 申请，此文指的是 “ ” 派生词 1. observe v. 观察→ n. 观察→ adj. 观察的 2. use n. &v. 利用→ adj. 可用的，适用的 3. sample n. 样品，v.品尝 → n. (选取的有代表性的)样本 4. flower n. 花→ adj. 开花的，有花的 5. identify v. 识别→ n. 身份 6. upload v. 上传→ adj. 已上传的 7. threaten v. 威胁→ adj. 受到威胁的,感到危险的 8.proper adj. 恰当的→ adj. 不当的。错误的 9. rely v. 依赖→reliable adj. 可依赖的→ adj. 不可靠的 10. guide v. 引导→ n. 指导 合成词 1. bio-+ diversity → n. 生物多样性 2. human +city → n. 人类 3. out-+ number → v. 比……多 4. likely +-hood → n. 可能(性) 5. cover +-age → n. 覆盖范围 6．over-+ sample+-ed → adj. 过度采样的 7. out-+ date +-ed → adj. 过时的 8. data + set → n. 数据集 9. eye + catch +-ing → adj. 抢眼的，引人注目的 10. well + sample+-ed → adj. 充分采样的 重点短语 1. 以……的形式 2. 随着……的兴起 3. 借助于… 4. 对……作出反应 5. 易于做某事 6. 说得通，有道理 7. 告知某人某事 难句剖析 1.These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens, and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable? 分析：本句是一个并列句，前半句中的that作关系代词引导 ，，修饰先行词the primary data；后半句中的since引导 ，how引导 作investigate 的宾语。 句意：现在，这些观察结果的数量超过了来自实物标本的原始数据，而由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我想知道：这些观察数据可靠吗？ 2. Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns. 分析：Using a global dataset ...为分词短语作 ，how引导 作test的宾语。 句意：Daru和他的团队使用了一个包含19亿条植物、昆虫、鸟类和动物记录的全球数据集，测试这些数据在多大程度上代表了实际的全球生物多样性模式。 3. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. 分析：because引导 ，who引导 修饰先行词the people，recording ...nearby为分词短语作 ，修饰citizen scientists。 句意：这是有道理的，因为民间科学家经常通过移动设备获取生物多样性观察数据，他们记录的是在附近地区接触到的物种。 Ⅰ 单句语法填空 1．We shall not start the (restore) of the historic buildings until our plan has been approved by the committee. 2．The plan to build a factory near the community will be submitted to the committee for official (approve). 3．Be careful when you speak to people who are very (sense) to others’ words. 4．Don’t ask the director about the latest equipment — he just gets (defense). 5．The house only needs an (occasion) coat of paint to keep it shipshape. 6．She smiled in (relieve) after she heard her son had been admitted to Tsinghua University. 7．The new device brings hope to people (suffer) from walking problems. 8．We should take (effect) methods to stop the environment from being destroyed. 9．There is no denying that reading such a book with complex storyline and various characters requires a great deal of (concentrate). 10．The (tend) is that the plan has not yet been given the approval. 11．All these volunteers are (random) divided into eight groups. 12．It’s known to all that both the change of climate and human’s hunting would wildlife’s existence. (threat) 13．Halley made his discovery by means of his own careful (observe). 14．Bernard made up his mind to follow their examples to be a (rely) person whom others can rely on for help. 15．A dog’s eating habit requires regular training before it is (proper) established. 16．The early (identify) of children with special educational needs is very important. Ⅱ 选词填空 be suited to along with in the form of with the aid of respond to in advance relate to tend to make sense call for 1. Luckily he had a new admirer Margaret Taylor, wife of noted historian and broadcaster A．J.P Taylor. 2. Several hours later, the police, the tourists manage to escape from the dangerous place, hungry and frightened. 3. Receiving a message doesn't mean you need to it. 4. We are all consumers of time, and the majority of us also be time wasters. 5. To tell you the truth, no matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didn't ___________ to me. 6. She also supplied us with life jackets just in case we might fall into the water. 7. They are the foundation of your ability to understand yourself and _________ others. 8. If you avoid emotions, you will lose the good ones, the bad ones. 9. To help from our motorcycle marshals, give a“thumbs down” signal. 10. Many of these species (物种) not ideally   growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. Ⅲ 完成句子 1．我收到了妹妹的来信，向我请教如何处理一个棘手的问题。(现在分词短语作后置定语) I received a letter from my sister ________________________________. 2．前几天，经常和她在一起的她最好的朋友误解了她。(whom引导定语从句) Her best friend ______________________misunderstood her the other day. 3．她非常生气，以至于她们彼此发生了激烈的争吵。(so...that) _________________they had a violent quarrel with each other. 4．在享受美食的同时，一些才华横溢的学生表演了精彩的民族舞蹈，让老人非常高兴。（时间状语从句的省略） ______, some talented students gave a wonderful folk dance performance, making the elderly very happy. 5．既然她们是好朋友，我想她们是时候在事情变得更糟之前互相谈谈了。(it’s time to do...) Now that they are good friends，I think ___________________before things get worse. Ⅰ阅读理解 （2025届河北省“五个一”名校联盟2025届高三第一次联考） Much of Earth is unexplored. An ocean census (普查) hopes to change that. “Earth” has always been an odd choice of name for the third planet from the Sun. After all, two-thirds of its surface is covered not by earth at all, but by oceans of water. Because humans are land animals, most of the Earth remains under-explored. Marine (海洋的) biologists think the oceans might host more than 2 million species of marine animals, of which they have so far identified perhaps a tenth. A new initiative hopes to change this. Launched in London on April 27th, Ocean Census aims to discover 100, 000 new species of marine animal over the coming decade. It is backed by Nekton, a British marine-research institute, and the Nippon foundation, Japan’s biggest charitable foundation. Its first ship, the Norwegian icebreaker Kronprins Haakon, set sail on April 29th, bound for the Barents Sea. The initiative is happening for two reasons. One is that the longer scientists wait, the less there will be to identify. Climate change is heating the oceans, as well as making them more acidic (酸的) as carbon dioxide dissolves goes into the water. Already around half the world’s coral reefs (珊瑚)—thought to be home to around 25% of all ocean species—have been lost. Oliver Steeds, Nekton’s founder, says that one of Ocean Census’s priorities will be identifying species thought to be in the greatest danger from climate change. The second reason is technological. Marine biologist s find about 2, 000 new species a year, a rate hardly changed since Darwin’s day. Ocean Census is betting it can go faster. Exactly what the new effort might turn up is impossible to predict. But history suggests it will be fruitful. Half a century ago scientists discovered hot vents (喷口) on the sea bed. These days, such vents are one possible candidate for the origin of all life on Earth. There are more practical benefits, too. Many drugs, for example, come originally from biological substance. An ocean full of unidentified life will almost certainly prove a rich mine from which to mine more. 1. Why is “Earth” an odd choice of name for the third planet from the Sun? A. Its climate is changing rapidly. B. Humans have not explored much of it. C. Most of its surface is covered by water. D. It hosts a large number of marine animals. 2. What can we infer from paragraph 5? A. The rate of discovering new species won’t change. B. The new initiative will mainly focus on coral reefs. C. Climate change has a great impact on marine species. D. Scientists have identified nearly all the species in the ocean. 3. What might be the potential benefits of the Ocean Census according to the last paragraph? A. It may result in a reduction in overfishing. B. It may lead to the discovery of new drugs. C. It may contribute to the advancement of technology. D. It may prove the oceans are our life-support system. 4. What’s the best title for the text? A. The Endangered Planet B. Reducing Sea Pollution: A Global Initiative C. How to Protect the Oceans? D. The Misnamed Earth: Exploring the Ocean’s Secrets Ⅱ应用文写作 （2024 届山东省高三第三次学业质量联合检测）假设你是李华，听闻《中国日报》（China Daily）为了宣传中国传统文化，正在招募志愿者向海外介绍中国著名历史文化景点，你很想参加本次宣传活动，请你就此事给报社写一封英文申请信，内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2.自荐理由； 3.申请参与。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir/Madam, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua ( 14 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年英语新高考I卷阅读理解ABCD （真题精做+考点探究+以读促写） 目录 第一部分：真题精做（命题分析+真题呈现+全解全析+阅读高频词+长难句分析） 第二部分：考点探究（回归基础，单句语法填空+选词填空+完成句子） 第三部分：以读促写（素养提升，阅读理解+应用文写作） 语篇 话题 体裁 词数 难度 阅读理解A 人与社会：栖息地修复工作队志愿者招募 应用文 199 + 68 =267 易 阅读理解B 人与社会：美国兽医采用中西医结合的方式治疗动物 夹叙夹议文 296+107= 403 中 阅读理解C 人与社会：阐述了对纸质阅读与数字阅读(可视化学习)的研究成果 说明文 339+145=484 中 阅读理解D 人与自然：现代生物采样数据的科学性 说明文 358+102= 460 难 Passage 1 （2024年全国新高考I卷 A） HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM Help restore and protect Marin’s natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive(侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. GROUPS Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form. AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15. Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed. We’ll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary. Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch. No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community service requirements. UPCOMING EVENTS Time Meeting Location Sunday, Jan. 15 10:00am-1:00pm Battery Alexander Trailhead Sunday, Jan. 22 10:00am-2:30pm Stinson Beach Parking Lot Sunday, Jan. 29 9:30am-2:30pm Coyote Ridge Trailhead 21. What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team? A. To discover mineral resources. B. To develop new wildlife parks. C. To protect the local ecosystem. D. To conduct biological research. 22. What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team? A. 5. B. 10. C. 15. D. 18. 23. What are the volunteers expected to do? A. Bring their own tools. B. Work even in bad weather. C. Wear a team uniform. D. Do at least three projects. 【篇章导读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一个生物栖息地修复工作队的工作内容和招募志愿者的相关信息和要求。 21. C 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Habitat Restoration Team volunteers … the ridges and valleys.可知，栖息地修复工作队的志愿者在恢复山脊和山谷的敏感资源和保护濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用，前加一月但具食的敏感集赞”，社比套系统，故选C。 22. B 细节理解题。 根据题干定位到小标题AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING下的第一句Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome，可知加入栖息地修复工作队的最低年龄限制是10岁，故选B。 23. B 细节理解题。 根据小标题AGE, SKILLS, WHATTO BRING下的第三段第一句We'll be working rain or shine.可知，做这份工作需要风雨无阻，故选B，即“甚至在天气情况不好时也会工作”。 重点单词 1. v. 确认 2. adj. 可获得的 3. v. 查看，检查 4. adj. 可获得的 熟词生义 1.layer n. 层(此处代指“ ”) 2. fulfill v. 履行，实现（此处指“ ”） 派生词 1.restore v. 修复,恢复，使复原→ n. 修复，恢复 2. beauty n. 美丽，，漂亮→ adj. 美丽的，漂亮的 3.remove v. → n. 移除，移走，除去 4. collect v. 收集→ n. 收集 5. sense v. 感觉n. 感官→ adj. 敏感的，过敏的 6. endanger v. 面临危险→ adj.濒临灭绝的,濒危的 7. arrange v. 安排→ n. 安排 8. guard v. 守卫，看管→ n. 监护人 9. approve v. 同意，赞成→ n. 同意，赞成 10. require v. 要求，需要→ n. 要求，需要 合成词 1. sun+ screen → n. 防晒霜； 2. up + coming → adj.即将来临/发生的 3. rain+ coat → n. 雨衣 重点短语 1. play a vital role in 2. 提前； 3. 填写 4. 如果有必要的话 难句剖析 We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. 分析:while引导 从句，省略了主语 和 动词。 翻译: 我们将探索美丽的公园遗址，同时进行侵入的植物移除，冬季种植和种子收集。 答案: 重点单词: 1.confirm 2. available 3. review 4. available 熟词生义: 1.衣服2.满足 派生词：1. restoration2. beautiful 3. removal 4. collection 5. sensitive 6. endangered 7. arrangement guardian 9. approval 10. requirement 合成词: 1. sunscreen 2.upcoming3. raincoat 重点短语: 1. 在……中起着极其重要的作用；2. in advance3. fill out4. if necessary 难句剖析：时间状语从句，we，be Passage 2 （2024年全国新高考I卷 B） “I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians(兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine – combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic(按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.” 24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 25. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by another veterinarian. C. He benefited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners. 26. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work. C. Examples of rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance. C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection. 【篇章导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。兽医William Farber奉行中西医结合的整体医学疗法，用针灸、按摩等方式治疗动物并取得了良好疗效。 24. A 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句I am not crazy以及第三句中的.... some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual method可知，Farber的一些同事认为他很怪异(odd)，因此A选项正确。 25. C 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，20年前有段时间Farber背部疼痛难忍，用药无效后尝试接受中医针灸治疗并取得很好的治疗效果。他受到启发，经过多年研习后，将此疗法应用于动物，因此C选项正确。 26. D主旨大意题。第三段通过两个具体的治疗案例说明整体医学疗法对于动物治疗的有效性，因此D选项正确。 27. A 推理判断题。从最后一段可知，兽医William Farber确信整体医学将会越来越受欢迎。自1982年以来，美国整体医疗兽医协会会员人数的增长印证了这一观点，因此A选项正确。 重点单词 1. adj. 疯狂的 2. v. 实行，奉行/n. 惯常做法； 3. v. (使)减轻； 4. n. 方法; 5. v. 提倡 6. adj. 可替代的 派生词 1. defend v. 保卫，防御→ defense n. 防御，保卫 → adj. 存有戒心的； 2. occasion n. （某事发生的）时刻，时候；<正式>时机→occasional adj. 偶尔→ adv. 偶尔，有时 3. convention n. 传统→ adj. 传统的； 4. relieve v. 缓解→ n. (痛苦等的)减轻 5. suffer v. 遭受→ n. 疼痛； 6. indicate v. 预测→ n. 迹象； 熟词生义 1.graduate v. 毕业 （此文指代“n. ” 2. condition n. 情形（此文指代“” ” 合成词 1.member+ ship→ n. 会员； 重点短语 1.ahead of one's time 2.have the last laugh 3.start out as 【难句剖析】 He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. 分析:when引导 从句修饰20 years ago。 翻译:20年前,他遭受严重的背痛时,他对替代疗法产生了兴趣。 答案： 重点单词：1. crazy 2. practice3. ease 4. approach 5. advocate 6. alternative 派生词：1. defensive2.occasionally3. conventional 4. relief 5. suffering 6. indication 熟词生义：1.大学)毕业生2. 疾病 合成词：1.membership 重点短语：1.(观念)超前2.笑到最后，取得最后胜利3.起初是(某身份)； 难句剖析：定语 Passage 3 （2024年全国新高考I卷 C） Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper? And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? The answers to both questions are often “no.” The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset(心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks – like identifying the main idea in a reading passage – to ones that require mental abstraction – such as drawing inferences from a text. The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they’ve read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page. But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis(假说).” According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. Audio(音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies – say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces. Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words. 28. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Seem unlikely to last. B. Seem hard to explain. C. Become ready to use. D. Become easy to notice. 29. What does the shallowing hypothesis assume? A. Readers treat digital texts lightly. B. Digital texts are simpler to understand. C. People select digital texts randomly. D. Digital texts are suitable for social media. 30. Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers? A. They can hold students’ attention. B. They are more convenient to prepare. C. They help develop advanced skills. D. They are more informative than text. 31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Students should apply multiple learning techniques. B. Teachers should produce their own teaching material. C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education. D. Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored. 【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了纸质阅读与数字阅读(可视化学习)在理解和记忆方面的优劣，强调纸质阅读对于深度学习和记忆的重要性。 28. D 词义猜测题。根据第二段前两句When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding.可知，在阅读几百字的文本时，纸质阅读比屏幕阅读的学习效果更好。根据画线词所在句可知，当实验人员把任务从易(比如找到阅读文章的主旨)到难(需要抽象思维，比如从文本中推断出结论)推进时，纸质阅读的优势尤为明显，也就是变得容易被人注意到(become easy to notice)，故选D。 29. A 推理判断题。第四段最后一句According to this theory, people ... than when they are reading print.是对shallowing hypothesis(浅层阅读假说)的解释说明。人们对待数字文本的态度与对待社交媒体的态度相当，社交媒体通常不那么严肃，相比纸质阅读，人们投入的脑力要少，也就是读者对数字文本持不严肃、轻松的态度。treat sth lightly意为“轻松地对待某事”，故选A。 30. A 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句Audio(音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies...可知，大学教师越来越多地使用音频和视频，是因为它们比文本更有吸引力，也就是能够保持学生的注意力，hold students’ attention是engaging的同义替换，故选A。 31. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn't assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.可知，教育工作者不应该认为所有媒介的效果是一样的。此外，本文主要介绍了纸质阅读在学习效果方面相较于数字阅读的优势,暗示了纸质文本在教育领域中的不可替代性，故选C。 重点单词 1. v. [名词动化]看 2. n. 内容 3. v. 同时执行多项任务 4. v.消费，消耗 5. v. 证实 6. ν. 识别，找到 7. adj. 思考的，思想的，精神的 8. adj. 确确实实的，真实的 9. adj. 视觉的 10. adj. 不同的 10. n. 方面 11. v. 提出 12. v. 变浅 13. v. 处理，对待 14. v. 布置 15. v. 证明 16. adj. 完全相同的 17. v. 使增加到最大限度，使最大化 18. v. 暗指 19. v. 运用 20. adj. 多种的 21. n. 技巧 22. v. 制作 熟词生义 1.cover v.覆盖，此文指的是“ ” 2.print v. 打印，此文指的是“ ” 3.pose v. 构成，造成，引起，此文指的是“ ” 4.property n. 所有物，财产，此文指的是“ ” 5.say v 说，此文指的是.“ ” 6.piece n. 块，片，此文指的是“ ” 7.role n. 角色，此文指的是 “ ” 8.geography n. 地理，此文指的是“ ” 派生词 1. effect n. 影响→ adj. 有效果的 2. concentrate v. 集中→ n. 专心，专注 3. entertain v. 使有兴趣，使快乐→ n. 消遣，娱乐 4. tend v. 往往，照顾→ n. 趋向 5. experiment v. 做实验→ n. 实验员； 6. engage v. 雇用，聘请；参加，从事；吸引，引起 → adj. 有吸引力的，有趣的； 7. reflect v. 折射，反思→ n. 反思，深思； 8. random adj. 随意的，任意的→ adv. 随机地； 9. information n. 信息→ adj. 提供有用信息的； 10. .abstract v adj. 抽象的→ n. 抽象 11. education n. 教育→ adj. 有教育意义的 合成词 1.on+screen→ adv. 在屏幕上； 重点短语 1. 涉及，与……相关 2. 各种各样的 3. _________ 从……中推断出结论 4.__________ 与……一起 5.__________ 将……同……联系起来 6.__________ 适合…… 7.__________ 需要 难句剖析 1.The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks –like identifying the main idea in a reading passage - to ones that require mental abstraction - such as drawing inferences from a text. 分析：本句中when引导 状语从句，从句谓语为move，like identifying the main idea in a reading passage和such as drawing inferences from a text分别补充说明simple tasks 和ones that require mental abstraction。 句意:当实验人员从提出简单的任务，如找到阅读文章的主旨，转向需要抽象思维的任务，如从文本中推断出结论时，纸质阅读的好处尤为明显。 2. According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. 分析：suited to social media作后置定语修饰 , 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词social media，and连接主句并列的谓语approach和devote。 句意:根据这一理论，人们对待数字文本的态度与对待社交媒体的态度相当，社交媒体通常不那么严肃,相比纸质阅读，人们投入的脑力要少。 答案： 重点单词：1. view 2. content 3.multitask 4.consume 5.confirm 6.identify 7.mental 8.literal 9.visual 10.distinct 10.aspect11.propose 12.shallow 13.approach 14.assign15.demonstrate 16.identical 17.maximize18.imply 19.apply 20.multiple 21.technique 22. produce 熟词生义1. 涉及，处理2.印刷品，出版物3.提出4.性质，特性5.比方说6.文章，报道7.作用8.geography布局 派生词：1. effective 2. concentration 3. entertainment 4. tendency 5. experimenter 6. engaging 7. reflection 8. randomly 9. informative 10. abstraction 11. educational 合成词：1.onscreen 重点短语1.relate to 2. a variety of 3.. draw … from 4.along with5.link...to ... 6.(be) suited to7.call for 难句剖析:1. 时间2. mindset, which Passage 4 （2024年全国新高考I卷 D） In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect. “With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens(标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable?” Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns. “We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias(使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru. Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features. What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity? “Quite a lot,” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places – and even species – that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.” 32. What do we know about the records of species collected now? A. They are becoming outdated. B. They are mostly in electronic form. C. They are limited in number. D. They are used for public exhibition. 33. What does Daru’s study focus on? A. Threatened species. B. Physical specimens. C. Observational data. D. Mobile applications. 34. What has led to the biases according to the study? A. Mistakes in data analysis. B. Poor quality of uploaded pictures. C. Improper way of sampling. D. Unreliable data collection devices. 35. What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps? A. Review data from certain areas. B. Hire experts to check the records. C. Confirm the identity of the users. D. Give guidance to citizen scientists. 【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，当前利用技术手段进行生物采样的过程可能存在偏差，分析了造成这些偏差的原因，并在最后说明如何完善生物采样数据的科学性。 32. B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records.可知，现在大多数生物多样性的记录都是以照片、视频和其他电子形式存在的。 33. C 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“These observations now outnumber ... Are they usable?”和第三段可知，Daru的研究重点是这些数据在多大程度上代表了实际的全球生物多样性。所以他的研究聚焦的是“样本数据”。 34. C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的... like the greater likelihood scientist ... right next to it和第五段可知，收集生物采样数据的人，对于采样区域、采样时段以及采样物种的选择有一定的主观性,这些不当的采样方式会导致收集到的数据产生偏差。 35. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Daru认为biodiversity apps可以根据研究结果引导采样人员关注样本采集不足的地区和物种，鼓励他们让专家确认上传样本图片中的物种名称。因此，Daru建议biodiversity apps提供给采样人员一些指导意见。 重点单词 1._______ v. 发现 2. _______ n. 改变; 3. _______ n. 多样性 4. _______ adj. 原始的，最初的 5. _______ v. 研究； 6. _______ v. 揭示； 7. _______ v. 更倾向于 8. _______ n. 相遇； 9. _______ n. 特征 熟词生义 1. document n. 文件， 此文指的是“v. ” 2. application n. 申请，此文指的是 “ ” 派生词 1. observe v. 观察→ n. 观察→ adj. 观察的 2. use n. &v. 利用→ adj. 可用的，适用的 3. sample n. 样品，v.品尝 → n. (选取的有代表性的)样本 4. flower n. 花→ adj. 开花的，有花的 5. identify v. 识别→ n. 身份 6. upload v. 上传→ adj. 已上传的 7. threaten v. 威胁→ adj. 受到威胁的,感到危险的 8.proper adj. 恰当的→ adj. 不当的。错误的 9. rely v. 依赖→reliable adj. 可依赖的→ adj. 不可靠的 10. guide v. 引导→ n. 指导 合成词 1. bio-+ diversity → n. 生物多样性 2. human +city → n. 人类 3. out-+ number → v. 比……多 4. likely +-hood → n. 可能(性) 5. cover +-age → n. 覆盖范围 6．over-+ sample+-ed → adj. 过度采样的 7. out-+ date +-ed → adj. 过时的 8. data + set → n. 数据集 9. eye + catch +-ing → adj. 抢眼的，引人注目的 10. well + sample+-ed → adj. 充分采样的 重点短语 1. 以……的形式 2. 随着……的兴起 3. 借助于… 4. 对……作出反应 5. 易于做某事 6. 说得通，有道理 7. 告知某人某事 难句剖析 1.These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens, and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable? 分析：本句是一个并列句，前半句中的that作关系代词引导 ，，修饰先行词the primary data；后半句中的since引导 ，how引导 作investigate 的宾语。 句意：现在，这些观察结果的数量超过了来自实物标本的原始数据，而由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我想知道：这些观察数据可靠吗？ 2. Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns. 分析：Using a global dataset ...为分词短语作 ，how引导 作test的宾语。 句意：Daru和他的团队使用了一个包含19亿条植物、昆虫、鸟类和动物记录的全球数据集，测试这些数据在多大程度上代表了实际的全球生物多样性模式。 3. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. 分析：because引导 ，who引导 修饰先行词the people，recording ...nearby为分词短语作 ，修饰citizen scientists。 句意：这是有道理的，因为民间科学家经常通过移动设备获取生物多样性观察数据，他们记录的是在附近地区接触到的物种。 答案： 重点单词: 1. detect 2. shift 3. variety 4. primary 5. investigate 6.reveal 7. favor 8. encounter 9. feature 熟词生义：1. 记录，记载 2. 应用程序 派生词：1.observation, observational 2. usable 3. sampling 4. flowering 5. identification 6. uploaded 7. threatened 8. improper 9. unreliable 10. guidance 合成词：1. biodiversity 2. humanity 3. outnumber 4.likelihood 5. coverage 6.oversampled 7. outdated 8. dataset 9. eye-catching 10. well-sampled 重点短语:1. in the form of 2. with the rise of 3. with the aid of 4. respond to 5. tend to do sth. 6. make sense 7.inform sb. of sth. 难句剖析： 1. 定语从句，原因状语从句，宾语从句2. 状语，宾语从句3。原因状语从句， 定语从句，后置定语 Ⅰ 单句语法填空 1．We shall not start the (restore) of the historic buildings until our plan has been approved by the committee. 2．The plan to build a factory near the community will be submitted to the committee for official (approve). 3．Be careful when you speak to people who are very (sense) to others’ words. 4．Don’t ask the director about the latest equipment — he just gets (defense). 5．The house only needs an (occasion) coat of paint to keep it shipshape. 6．She smiled in (relieve) after she heard her son had been admitted to Tsinghua University. 7．The new device brings hope to people (suffer) from walking problems. 8．We should take (effect) methods to stop the environment from being destroyed. 9．There is no denying that reading such a book with complex storyline and various characters requires a great deal of (concentrate). 10．The (tend) is that the plan has not yet been given the approval. 11．All these volunteers are (random) divided into eight groups. 12．It’s known to all that both the change of climate and human’s hunting would wildlife’s existence. (threat) 13．Halley made his discovery by means of his own careful (observe). 14．Bernard made up his mind to follow their examples to be a (rely) person whom others can rely on for help. 15．A dog’s eating habit requires regular training before it is (proper) established. 16．The early (identify) of children with special educational needs is very important. 答案：1.restoration 2. approval 3. sensitive 4. defensive 5. occasional 6. relief 7. suffering 8. effective9. concentration10. tendency 11. randomly 12.threaten13.observation14.reliable 15.properly 16. identification Ⅱ 选词填空 be suited to along with in the form of with the aid of respond to in advance relate to tend to make sense call for 1. Luckily he had a new admirer Margaret Taylor, wife of noted historian and broadcaster A．J.P Taylor. 2. Several hours later, the police, the tourists manage to escape from the dangerous place, hungry and frightened. 3. Receiving a message doesn't mean you need to it. 4. We are all consumers of time, and the majority of us also be time wasters. 5. To tell you the truth, no matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didn't ___________ to me. 6. She also supplied us with life jackets just in case we might fall into the water. 7. They are the foundation of your ability to understand yourself and _________ others. 8. If you avoid emotions, you will lose the good ones, the bad ones. 9. To help from our motorcycle marshals, give a“thumbs down” signal. 10. Many of these species (物种) not ideally   growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. 答案：in the form of 2. with the aid of 3. respond to 4. tend to 5. make sense 6. in advance 7 relate to 8. along with 9. call for 10. are suited to Ⅲ 完成句子 1．我收到了妹妹的来信，向我请教如何处理一个棘手的问题。(现在分词短语作后置定语) I received a letter from my sister ________________________________. 2．前几天，经常和她在一起的她最好的朋友误解了她。(whom引导定语从句) Her best friend ______________________misunderstood her the other day. 3．她非常生气，以至于她们彼此发生了激烈的争吵。(so...that) _________________they had a violent quarrel with each other. 4．在享受美食的同时，一些才华横溢的学生表演了精彩的民族舞蹈，让老人非常高兴。（时间状语从句的省略） ______, some talented students gave a wonderful folk dance performance, making the elderly very happy. 5．既然她们是好朋友，我想她们是时候在事情变得更糟之前互相谈谈了。(it’s time to do...) Now that they are good friends，I think ___________________before things get worse. 答案：1. asking me how to deal with a tough problem 2. with whom she often hangs out 3. She was so angry that 4. While enjoying the meal 5. it’s time for them to have a talk with each other Ⅰ阅读理解 （2025届河北省“五个一”名校联盟2025届高三第一次联考） Much of Earth is unexplored. An ocean census (普查) hopes to change that. “Earth” has always been an odd choice of name for the third planet from the Sun. After all, two-thirds of its surface is covered not by earth at all, but by oceans of water. Because humans are land animals, most of the Earth remains under-explored. Marine (海洋的) biologists think the oceans might host more than 2 million species of marine animals, of which they have so far identified perhaps a tenth. A new initiative hopes to change this. Launched in London on April 27th, Ocean Census aims to discover 100, 000 new species of marine animal over the coming decade. It is backed by Nekton, a British marine-research institute, and the Nippon foundation, Japan’s biggest charitable foundation. Its first ship, the Norwegian icebreaker Kronprins Haakon, set sail on April 29th, bound for the Barents Sea. The initiative is happening for two reasons. One is that the longer scientists wait, the less there will be to identify. Climate change is heating the oceans, as well as making them more acidic (酸的) as carbon dioxide dissolves goes into the water. Already around half the world’s coral reefs (珊瑚)—thought to be home to around 25% of all ocean species—have been lost. Oliver Steeds, Nekton’s founder, says that one of Ocean Census’s priorities will be identifying species thought to be in the greatest danger from climate change. The second reason is technological. Marine biologist s find about 2, 000 new species a year, a rate hardly changed since Darwin’s day. Ocean Census is betting it can go faster. Exactly what the new effort might turn up is impossible to predict. But history suggests it will be fruitful. Half a century ago scientists discovered hot vents (喷口) on the sea bed. These days, such vents are one possible candidate for the origin of all life on Earth. There are more practical benefits, too. Many drugs, for example, come originally from biological substance. An ocean full of unidentified life will almost certainly prove a rich mine from which to mine more. 1. Why is “Earth” an odd choice of name for the third planet from the Sun? A. Its climate is changing rapidly. B. Humans have not explored much of it. C. Most of its surface is covered by water. D. It hosts a large number of marine animals. 2. What can we infer from paragraph 5? A. The rate of discovering new species won’t change. B. The new initiative will mainly focus on coral reefs. C. Climate change has a great impact on marine species. D. Scientists have identified nearly all the species in the ocean. 3. What might be the potential benefits of the Ocean Census according to the last paragraph? A. It may result in a reduction in overfishing. B. It may lead to the discovery of new drugs. C. It may contribute to the advancement of technology. D. It may prove the oceans are our life-support system. 4. What’s the best title for the text? A. The Endangered Planet B. Reducing Sea Pollution: A Global Initiative C. How to Protect the Oceans? D. The Misnamed Earth: Exploring the Ocean’s Secrets 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家倡议进行海洋普查，来深入了解地球，解释了这一举措背后的原因。 1.C细节理解题。根据第二段““Earth” has always been an odd choice of name for the third planet from the Sun. After all, two-thirds of its surface is covered not by earth at all, but by oceans of water.(用“地球”来命名这颗距太阳第三远的行星一直是个奇怪的选择。毕竟，它三分之二的表面根本不是被陆地覆盖，而是被海洋覆盖)”可知，用“地球”这个名字来称呼离太阳第三远的行星是一个奇怪的选择，是因为它的大部分表面被水覆盖。故选C。 2. C推理判断题。根据第五段“The initiative is happening for two reasons. One is that the longer scientists wait, the less there will be to identify. Climate change is heating the oceans, as well as making them more acidic (酸的) as carbon dioxide dissolves goes into the water. Already around half the world’s coral reefs (珊瑚)—thought to be home to around 25% of all ocean species—have been lost. Oliver Steeds, Nekton’s founder, says that one of Ocean Census’s priorities will be identifying species thought to be in the greatest danger from climate change.(这一举措的出现有两个原因。一个是，科学家等待的时间越长，能确定的就越少。气候变化正在加热海洋，同时随着二氧化碳溶解到水中，海洋变得更酸。世界上大约一半的珊瑚礁——被认为是25%海洋物种的家园——已经消失了。Nekton的创始人Oliver Steeds说，海洋普查的首要任务之一将是确定那些被认为受到气候变化威胁最大的物种)”可知，气候变化对海洋物种有很大的影响。故选C。 3.B细节理解题。根据最后一段“Many drugs, for example, come originally from biological substance. An ocean full of unidentified life will almost certainly prove a rich mine from which to mine more.(例如，许多药物最初来自生物物质。一个充满未知生命的海洋几乎肯定是一个丰富的矿藏，我们可以从中开采更多矿)”可知，海洋普查的潜在好处是可能导致新药的发现。故选B。 4.D 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Much of Earth is unexplored. An ocean census (普查) hopes to change that.(地球上的许多地方还没有被探索过。一项海洋普查希望改变这种状况)”结合文章主要说明了科学家倡议进行海洋普查，来深入了解地球，解释了这一举措背后的原因。可知，D选项“错误命名的地球：探索海洋的秘密”最符合文章标题。故选D。 Ⅱ应用文写作 （2024 届山东省高三第三次学业质量联合检测）假设你是李华，听闻《中国日报》（China Daily）为了宣传中国传统文化，正在招募志愿者向海外介绍中国著名历史文化景点，你很想参加本次宣传活动，请你就此事给报社写一封英文申请信，内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2.自荐理由； 3.申请参与。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir/Madam, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【参考范文】 Dear Sir/Madam, I’m so excited to hear that China Daily is in need of some volunteers to introduce Chinese culture overseas that I can’t wait to apply for the position. As a citizen, it’s my responsibility to make Chinese historical and cultural attractions known to the whole world. In addition, with an outgoing and open-minded personality, it’s easy for me to get along well with others. Last but not least, I have been to numerous famous scenic spots and my hometown is a famous historical and cultural city, where I often act as a volunteer tour guide to show foreign tourists around, from which I’ve gained relevant experience. So, I firmly believe that I’m the very person you’re looking for. I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration and reply at your earliest convenience. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封申请信，申请成为《中国日报》宣传活动的志愿者，内容包括：写信目的；自荐理由；申请参与。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 兴奋的：excited→thrilled 责任：responsibility→duty 与……和睦相处：get along well with→get on well with/be on good terms with 考虑：take…into consideration→take…into account 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：In addition, with an outgoing and open-minded personality, it’s easy for me to get along well with others. 拓展句：In addition, with an outgoing and open-minded personality, it’s easy that I can get along well with others. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m so excited to hear that China Daily is in need of some volunteers to introduce Chinese culture overseas that I can’t wait to apply for the position.(使用了so…that…引导结果状语从句，不定式分别作原因状语、目的状语、宾语) 【高分句型2】Last but not least, I have been to numerous famous scenic spots and my hometown is a famous historical and cultural city, where I often act as a volunteer tour guide to show foreign tourists around, from which I’ve gained relevant experience. (使用了第一个and连接并列句、where引导非限制性定语从句、不定式作目的状语、from which引导非限制性定语从句) ( 14 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$