内容正文:
2024-2025学年九年级英语上册单元模块满分必刷题(牛津译林版)
Unit 8 Detective stories【刷语法】 (重点语法提升练)
限制性定语从句和关系代词
定语从句概念:
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词(也叫关系词)。
定语从句的构成:先行词+关系词+定语从句
如:I know the girl who is sitting under the tree.
↓ ↓ ↓
先行词 引导词 从句(定语从句)
关系词的选用:
关系代词
指代
在定从中所作成分
例句
which
物
主语 宾语
Lucy likes music which is gentle.
that
人、物
主语 宾语
Lucy likes music that is gentle.
The girl that has long hair is his sister.
who
人
主语 宾语
The girl who has long hair is his sister.
whom
人
宾语
He is the student that/who/whom I like best.
whose
人的、物的
定语
I like those books whose topics are about history.
注意:关系代词that/who/which/whom在定从中作宾语时可省略,作主语时不能省略
如:The cartoons (that/which)I like have lots of jokes. 我喜欢的卡通有很多笑话。
The film (that/which) we saw last night is interesting. 我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。
关系代词只能用that的情况
(1)当先行词同时指人和物时,关系代词只能用that
如: My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things that they couldn’t remember.
(2)当先行词是all(指物), much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none 等不定代词时,关系代词只能用that.
如: Say all that you know/ Is there anything that I can do for you?
(3)当先行词有the one, the very, the only, the same 等修饰词时,关系代词只能用that,不能用which(指人时可以用who).
如:That’s the only thing that I can do now. /These are the very(adj.恰好的) words that he used.
(4)当先行词被序数词、最高级等词修饰时,关系代词只能用that.
如:This is the first play that I have seen since I came here. This is the best novel that I have read.
(5)当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句时,而中心词指人或物时,关系代词只能用that.
如:Which is the machine that we used last Sunday?
关系代词只能用which的情况
1)引导词前有介词
如:The school campus in which we study every day is beautiful. 我们学习的校园很漂亮。
(2)在非限制性定从中用which, 不用that
如:The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.(不可用that)
一、单项选择
1.(2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)—I feel so nervous. What should I do?
—You’d better listen to music that ________.
A.helps you relax B.you can dance C.makes you sad
2.(2024·四川乐山·中考真题)—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer.
—Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun.
A.when B.who C.that
3.(2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题)A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble.
A.who B.whom C.whose D.which
4.(2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题)The “Kemusan” dance is an eye-catching dance performance ________ is quite popular these days.
A.who B.which C.whose
5.(2024·吉林长春·中考真题)As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky.
A.where B.when C.which D.who
6.(2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)Linda prefers musicians who ________ different kinds of music.
A.play B.plays C.was playing D.is playing
7.(2024·四川遂宁·中考真题)—What kind of movies do you like best?
—I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed.
A.what B.which C.who D./
8.(2024·四川泸州·中考真题)A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears.
A.what B.which C.who D.whom
9.(2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·二模)The live concert by Zhang Jie ________ was held in Hohhot on 18th May 2024 drew thousands of fans from other cities.
A.what B.which C.when D.who
10.(24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业)Mr Chen is a teacher ________ I want to learn from. He is so knowledge.
A.which B.when C.who D.what
11.(24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业)I prefer movies __________ me something to think about.
A.which gives B.that gives C.that give D.who give
12.(24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业)This is the only book ______________ I read last month.
A.which B.that C.what D.the one
13.(24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业)You should do all ______________ is helpful to improve your English.
A.what B.that C.it D.which
14.(24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业)The first thing ______________ he will do tonight is to call his mum.
A.which B.who C.that D.why
15.(24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业)This is the man ______________ son died in a traffic accident.
A.whose B.whom C.who D.that
16.(24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业)This is the only article of these ______________ is written by him.
A.that B.who C.whom D.this
17.(24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业)The girl handed everything ______________ she had picked up in the street to the owner.
A.which B.in which C.that D.all
18.(24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业)October 1, 1949 is the day ______________ we`ll never forget.
A.when B.that C.where D.in which
19.(24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业)The books I returned to the library were written by Mark Twain.
A.that B.who C.when D.whose
20.(24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业)They had two valuable things that ________.
A.they like it very much B.they’re proud of it C.they’re proud of D.they’re proud
21.(23-24九年级下·广东深圳·课后作业)I like to write about the places __________ I have been to.
A.what B.where C.which D.when
22.(24-25九年级上·全国·单元测试)We should look up to the people ________ help make our life better.
A.who B.what C.which D.whose
23.(24-25九年级上·全国·单元测试)Fiona loves listening to her children singing songs ________ at school.
A.are learned B.that learned C.they learned D.that they are learned
24.(24-25九年级上·全国·单元测试)—What are you looking for?
—I’m looking for the book ________ my brother gave me last month.
A.that B.what C.who D.whom
25.(24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业)Parents are the persons ________ we can talk with when we have some difficulties at any time.
A.what B.whom C.which D.why
26.(24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业)The doctors and nurses ________ are fighting against the illness are real heroes in my heart.
A.what B.who C.which D.whom
27.(24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业)—What will you do for your mother on Mother’s Day?
—The first thing ________ I will do is to make a card for my mum.
A.which B.where C.whose D.that
28.(2024·福建宁德·二模)A true friend is someone ________ accepts your past, supports your present and encourages your future.
A.whose B.which C.who
29.(2024·江苏宿迁·三模)The umbrella ________ I had just bought was broken after the heavy rain.
A.whose B.whom C.who D.which
30.(2024·吉林长春·二模)—Do you like watching TV, Lucy?
—Yes, very much. And Moving China is the best TV program ________ I’ve ever watched.
A.that B.which C.what D.who
31.(2024·四川雅安·三模)Sichuan is home to pandas ________ are known as a national treasure of China.
A.which B.whom C.where D.whose
32.(2024·四川广元·二模)—What kind of books do you like best?
—I like books ________ are about science and technology.
A.who B.whom C.which D.whose
33.(2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模)—The holiday is coming. Where do you want to go?
—I’d love to go to the place ________ interests me most.
A.who B.what C.which
34.(2024·黑龙江绥化·二模)I will remember all the stories ________ my grandma told me.
A.that B.who C.what
35.(2024·甘肃天水·二模)—Do you remember the beautiful teacher ________ you met on your first day?
—Of course. She was kind to us, saying “Hello” with a smile in the hall.
A.that B.whose C.which D.what
36.(2024·安徽芜湖·三模)—Have you ever watched the TV program called National Treasure?
—Yes. It’s the best program ________ I have ever watched.
A.that B.what C.which D.where
37.(2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模)Friends are those ________ always open their hearts to you and stand by you.
A.who B.what C.which
38.(2024·吉林·二模)We should never fail to be thankful to the people ________ helped and supported us.
A.who B.whom C.whose
39.(23-24九年级下·甘肃武威·期中)A Wechat is a useful invention ________ can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feelings freely.
A.which B.who C.whose D.where
40.(24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业)—Can I borrow the new CD ________ is lying on the desk, Sarah?
—Yes, of course.
A.who B.that C.whom D.what
41.(24-25九年级上·全国·课前预习)Explorer II is a spacecraft ________ was launched with a lunar probe in 2010.
A.what B.that C.which D.both B and C
42.(22-23九年级下·全国·随堂练习)This is the most beautiful park ________ I have _________ visited.
A.which, ever B.that, never C.which, yet D.that, ever
43.(22-23八年级下·黑龙江绥化·期末)I still remember the teachers and the college _________ I visited in Canada four years ago.
A.where B.that C.which
44.(2024·甘肃陇南·二模)—Have you ever heard the popular chant (儿歌), We Dig Dig a Hole (挖呀挖) .
—Yes, it has the funniest words________ I can sing along with.
A.that B.who C.what D.which
45.(2024·甘肃定西·二模)Linda is my best friend _________ always gives me a hand when I get into trouble.
A.what B.that C.when D.which
46.(2024·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·一模)Hulunbuir is an attractive city ________ you will never want to leave.
A.that B.where C.whose D.who
47.(24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业)A teacher is the person ________ work is to teach students carefully.
A.who B.which C.where D.whose
48.(23-24九年级下·全国·单元测试)I don’t know the boy ________ father is an English teacher.
A.who B.whom C.that D.whose
49.(23-24九年级下·四川成都·阶段练习)—Have you ever heard of the pumpkin festival?
—Surel. It is a time to celebrate the harvest and those ________ pumpkins fly the farthest will be the winners.
A.which B.who C.whose
50.(24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业)This is the beautiful town in ________ I grew up. I love it very much.
A.what B.where C.which D.that
51.(2024九年级·全国·专题练习)Yesterday Mr. Green went to his hometown and visited the old house _______ he was born in.
A.where B.which C.who D.it
52.(2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模)A survey shows that the Secret Garden is the book on ________ most Chinese people spent money in the past year.
A.which B.that C.what
53.(24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业)Jason really likes the picture ________ he took during the class activity.
A.which B.who C.when D.where
54.(2024·安徽芜湖·一模)During this Spring Festival holidays, a lot of people are attracted to Harbin ________ has got beautiful scenery and quality government services.
A.where B.what C.which D.whose
55.(23-24九年级下·江苏·随堂练习)On the top of the hill ________ an ancient tower ________ was built 500 years ago.
A.ran; that B.stood; which C.lived; who D.lay; whom
56.(2024·安徽芜湖·三模)Cindy invited me to watch a film ________ is about how to save the animals in danger.
A.who B.why C.which D.when
57.(24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业)—Do you know the man ________ is standing behind Peter?
—Yes. He is my new math teacher.
A.what B.which C.who D.whose
58.(2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模)Friendship is the most valuable treasure in life. A true friend is someone ________ knows all about you and still stays around you.
A.which B.that C.who
59.(2024·四川成都·三模)Those ________ do not prepare for their future will hardly succeed.
A.who B.which C.whom
60.(2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模)—Do you know everyone ________ attended the wedding (婚礼)?
—Almost, but I don’t know the man in a hat.
A.who B.which C.what
二、完成句子
61.(24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业)这是唯一一部我感兴趣的电影。
This is the only film .
62.(24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业)这就是那家很贵的餐馆。
This is the restaurant .
63.(24-25九年级上·全国·单元测试)— movies do you like?
—I movies give me something to think about.
——你喜欢哪种电影?
——我更喜欢让我思考的电影。
64.(24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业)当我累的时候,我更喜欢听使我放松的音乐。
When I am tired, I music can make me relaxed.
65.(24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业)正在弹钢琴的那个女孩是我的女儿。
The girl is my daughter.
66.(24-25九年级上·全国·单元测试)这是我见过的最美的海滩。
This is the most beautiful beach .
67.(24-25九年级上·全国·课前预习)他是唯一一个知道答案的人。
He is knows the answer.
68.(2024·贵州黔东南·二模)照片展示的是一个正在读书的18岁的女孩。
The photo shows an 18-year-old girl reading.
69.(2024·贵州黔东南·二模)犯过错误的人能从中学到更多。
The person mistakes can learn more from them.
70.(2024·贵州黔东南·二模)我更喜欢《八角笼中》这样的电影,它给我们年轻一代一些思考。
I prefer movies like Never Say Never our younger generation something to think about.
参考答案:
1.A
【详解】句意:——我感到很紧张,我该怎么办?——你最好听听能帮助你放松的音乐。
考查定语从句和情景交际。helps you relax帮你放松;you can dance你能跳舞;makes you sad让你伤心。分析句子可知,that后是定语从句,修饰名词music,B项语法上错误,应是you can dance to;结合“I feel so nervous, what should I do?”可知,空处给出的建议应是帮助对方消除紧张,所以A项符合语境,故选A。
2.C
【详解】句意:——我永远不会忘记去年夏天我们在志愿者工作中的经历。——我也是。这三天是有意义的,充满了乐趣。
考查定语从句。when先行词为时间,在从句中作状语;who先行词为人,在从句中作主语/宾语;that先行词为人/物。根据“experiences”可知,先行词为物,且关系词在从句中作宾语,用that引导。故选C。
3.A
【详解】句意:真正的朋友是在你困难的时候能帮助你的人。
考查定语从句引导词。who指人,在句中作主语/宾语;whom指人,在句中作宾语;whose在句中作定语;which在句中指物。空格所在句为定语从句,修饰名词person,指人,并且在句中作主语,用引导词who。故选A。
4.B
【详解】句意:“科目三”是最近很受欢迎的引人注目的舞蹈表演。
考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词dance performance指物,在从句中作主语,关系词用which,故选B。
5.C
【详解】句意:作为一个科学爱好者,我希望我能发明一辆能在空中飞行的自行车。
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句,先行词是a bike,关系词在从句中作主语,用which引导定语从句。故选C。
6.A
【详解】句意:琳达更喜欢能演奏不同种类音乐的音乐家。
考查动词时态。根据“Linda prefers musicians who…”可知,时态为一般现在时;关系代词who代替先行词musicians,在从句中作主语,谓语动词应使用动词原形。故选A。
7.B
【详解】句意:——你最喜欢哪种电影?——我喜欢那些让我感到快乐和放松的电影。
考查定语从句。what什么,不引导定语从句;which引导定语从句,先行词指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;who谁,引导定语从句,先行词指人,在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子可知,此处是含定语从句的复合句,先行词the movies指物,且连接词在从句中作主语,应用which引导,且不可省略。故选B。
8.C
【详解】句意:真正的朋友是一个永远会与你分享欢笑和泪水的人。
考查定语从句。what什么,不引导定语从句;which哪一个,先行词指物;who谁,先行词指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;whom谁,先行词指人,在从句中作宾语。分析句子可知,此处是含定语从句的复合句,先行词a person指人,且连接词在从句中作主语,故用who引导定语从句。故选C。
9.B
【详解】句意:2024年5月18日在呼和浩特举行的张杰演唱会吸引了来自其他城市的成千上万的粉丝。
考查定语从句。what什么;which哪个;when何时;who谁。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导的是定语从句,先行词是“The live concert”,指物,在从句中作主语,因此用关系代词“which”引导。故选B。
10.C
【详解】句意:陈老师是我想向他学习的老师。他很有学问。
考查定语从句引导词。which修饰物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;when修饰时间,在定语从句中作状语;who修饰人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;what不引导定语从句。根据“Mr Chen is a teacher … I want to learn from.”可知,本句为主从复合句,包含一个定语从句,定语从句缺少宾语,先行词teacher为人,因此用who引导定语从句。故选C。
11.C
【详解】句意:我更喜欢能让我思考的电影。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知,句子是定语从句,先行词是movies,指物,在从句中作主语,应该用关系代词that或者which引导定语从句,排除D选项;主语是movies,谓语动词用复数形式give。故选C。
12.B
【详解】句意:这是我上个月读的唯一一本书。
考查定语从句关系词。分析句子结构可知,这是一个定语从句,the only修饰先行词book,关系代词用that,故选B。
13.B
【详解】句意:你应该做一切有助于提高你英语水平的事情。
考查定语从句。what不引导定语从句;that引导定语从句,先行词指人或指物;it它,人称代词,不引导从句;which引导定语从句,先行词指物。分析句子可知,句子是定语从句,先行词是all,是不定代词,从句中缺主语,关系代词只能用that不能用which。故选B。
14.C
【详解】句意:他今晚要做的第一件事就是打电话给他妈妈。
考查定语从句的关系词。which关系代词,指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;who关系代词,指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;that关系代词,指人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;why关系副词,指原因,在定语从句中作状语。分析句子,先行词是“thing”,且被序数词first修饰,在从句中作宾语,此时只能填that。故选C。
15.A
【详解】句意:这就是儿子在车祸中丧生的那个人。
考查定语从句。在定语从句中,关系代词who(whom)和that都可指人和物(whom只作宾语,不作主语),在一般情况下,可以互换使用;whose是who的所有格,在从句中作定语,当先行词与从句中某个名词有所属关系,表达“……的”意思时,用关系代词whose引导定语从句,它既可以修饰人也可以修饰物。根据句意和句子结构可知,此句是定语从句。先行词the man和从句中的son存在所属关系,所以,关系代词要用whose。此处用whose符合题意。故选A。
16.A
【详解】句意:这是他写的唯一一篇文章。
考查定语从句。根据句意和句子结构可知,此句是关系代词that引导的定语从句。先行词article是物,定语从句中缺少主语,一般用that或which引导定语从句,因为先行词被the only修饰,定语从句只能用that引导,而不能用which。that符合题意。故选A。
17.C
【详解】句意:这个女孩把她在街上捡到的所有东西都交给了失主。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知,句子是定语从句,先行词是everything,是不定代词,在从句中作宾语,应用关系代词that来引导定语从句。故选C。
18.B
【详解】句意:1949年10月1日是我们不会忘记的日子。
考查定语从句。定语从句中,关系副词when指代表示时间的先行词,在从句中作状语;that关系代词,在引导的定语从句中,可以修饰表示人或物的名词,可作主语、宾语或表语;关系副词where在定语从句中,主要指代表示地点的名词,作地点状语;in which引导定语从句,介词in与从句中某些词语构成固定搭配。根据句意和句子结构可知,此句是定语从句,the day是先行词, 在定语从句中作宾语, 而不是状语, 所以that符合题意。故选B。
19.A
【详解】句意:我归还图书馆的书是马克·吐温写的。
考查关系词。that关系代词,指人或物;who关系代词,指人;when关系副词,指时间;whose关系代词,作定语。根据句子结构可知,应填that/which引导定语从句,修饰先行词books,在从句中作宾语,指物。故选A。
20.C
【详解】句意:他们有两样珍贵的东西,他们为之感到骄傲。
考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,“that... ”部分是定语从句,修饰先行词“things”,结合句意可知指“喜欢/引以为豪的东西”,先行词做宾语,故定语从句中不能重复出现宾语。选项AB中的“it”是宾语,为多余部分;选项D缺少of,短语不完整;选项C中“be proud of”的宾语即先行词“things”。故选C。
21.C
【详解】句意:我喜欢写一些我去过的地方。
考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。根据题意可知,此句是定语从句。what不能引导定语从句。where和when是定语从句中的关系副词,主要在句中作状语;which是定语从句中的关系代词,主要在句中作主语或宾语。先行词the places在定语从句中作宾语, which关系代词指代the places。故选C。
22.A
【详解】句意:我们应该尊敬那些帮助我们改善生活的人。
考查定语从句。who先行词指人;what不引导定语从句;which先行词指物;whose某人的,某物的,表示所属关系。分析句子可知,此句中存在定语从句。先行词是“the people”,是指人,而关系词在从句中也就是“...help make our life better”中代替先行词充当主语,要用who。故选A。
23.C
【详解】句意:Fiona喜欢听她的孩子们唱他们在学校学的歌。
考查定语从句。分析句子结构并结合选项可知,空处所在句为定语从句,先行词为“songs”,在从句中充当宾语,关系代词可省略。故选C。
24.A
【详解】句意:——你在找什么?——我在找我哥哥上个月给我的那本书。
考查定语从句。that关系代词,先行词指人或物;what不能用于引导定语从句;who关系代词,先行词指人;whom关系代词,先行词指人,在从句中充当宾语。分析句子“I’m looking for the book...my brother gave me last month.”可知,此处是定语从句,先行词“the book”指物,在定语从句中作宾语,此时引导词应用that。故选A。
25.B
【详解】句意:父母是我们在任何时候遇到困难时可以倾诉的人。
考查关系代词。what不用于定语从句;whom指人,在从句中作宾语;which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;why指代原因,在从句中作状语。该句是定语从句,根据“Parents are the persons”可知,先行词指的人,结合“we can talk with when we have some difficulties at any time.”可知,从句中缺宾语,只有whom符合题意。故选B。
26.B
【详解】句意:那些和疾病作斗争的医生和护士是我心中真正的英雄。
考查定语从句的关系词。what什么;who谁(主格);which哪个;whom谁(宾格)。句子“are fighting against the illness”是修饰“The doctors and nurses”,而“The doctors and nurses”指的是人,所以关系词用“who”,作从句的主语。故选B。
27.D
【详解】句意:——母亲节你会为妈妈做什么?——我要做的第一件事是给我妈妈做一张卡片。
考查关系代词。which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;where在定语从句中作状语;whose在定语从句中作定语;that在定语从句中作主语或宾语。根据“The first thing”以及“I will do is to make a card for my mum.”可知,空格处是定语从句的引导词,先行词是thing“事”,指物,且先行词thing被序数词first修饰,所以该定语从句的引导词是that。故选D。
28.C
【详解】句意:真正的朋友是接受你的过去,支持你的现在,鼓励你的未来的人。
考查定语从句关系词辨析。whose先行词为人,在从句中作定语;which先行词为事物,在从句中作主语/宾语;who先行词为人,在从句中作主语/宾语。根据“someone... accepts your past,...”可知,先行词为someone,指人,且在从句中作主语,空处需填关系代词who引导定语从句。故选C。
29.D
【详解】句意:大雨过后,我刚买的伞坏了。
考查定语从句的引导词。whose引导定语从句,先行词为人或物,在从句中作定语;whom引导定语从句,先行词为人,在从句中作作宾语;who引导定语从句,先行词为人,在从句中作主语;which引导定语从句,先行词为人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子,空格处引导定语从句,先行词是umbrella,指物,且关系词在从句中作宾语,应用which引导,故选D。
30.A
【详解】句意:——你喜欢看电视吗,Lucy?——是的,非常喜欢。《感动中国》是我看过的最好的电视节目。
考查定语从句。根据“I’ve ever watched”可知此处缺少宾语,指代the best program,又先行词有最高级修饰,关系代词只能使用that。故选A。
31.A
【详解】句意:四川是大熊猫的故乡,它们被誉为中国的国宝。
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句,先行词是“pandas”,关系词在从句中作主语,用which引导定语从句。故选A。
32.C
【详解】句意:——你最喜欢什么类型的书?——我喜欢关于科学和技术的书。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句,先行词books是指物,在从句中作主语,应用关系词which引导定语从句,故选C。
33.C
【详解】句意:——假期就要到了。你想去哪里?——我想去我最感兴趣的地方。
考查定语从句。who引导定语从句,先行词是人;what不引导定语从句;which引导定语从句,先行词是物。分析句子结构,此处是定语从句,先行词是place,指物,并且横线处在从句作主语,可用which引导,故选C。
34.A
【详解】句意:我会记住奶奶给我讲的所有故事。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知,本句是定语从句,stories是先行词,指物,应用that引导,故选A。
35.A
【详解】句意:——你还记得你第一天见到的漂亮老师吗?——当然。她对我们很友好,在大厅里微笑着打招呼。
考查定语从句。that引导定语从句,先行词为人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;whose引导定语从句,先行词为人或物,在从句中作定语;which引导定语从句,先行词为物,在从句中作主语或宾语;what不引导定语从句。根据“Do yo remember the beautiful teacher…you met on your first day?”可知,此处应用定语从句,先行词为“teacher”,应用that引导定语从句。故选A。
36.A
【详解】句意:——你看过名为《国家宝藏》的电视节目吗? ——对,这是我看过的最好的节目。
考查定语从句。that关系代词,在定从中作主语或者宾语,指人或物;what什么,常用于名词性从句中;which关系代词,在定从中作主语或者宾语,指物;where关系副词,在定从中作地点状语。根据“It’s the best program...I have ever watched.”可知此处的定从缺少宾语,指代the best program,又先行词有最高级修饰,关系代词只能使用that。故选A。
37.A
【详解】句意:朋友是那些永远向你敞开心扉并支持你的人。
考查定语从句。who谁;what什么;which哪一个。句子“Friends are those ... always open their hearts to you and stand by you.”是一个定语从句,先行词those指的朋友,即人,故应用who引导定语从句。故选A。
38.A
【详解】句意:我们永远应该感谢那些帮助和支持我们的人。
考查定语从句关系词。who先行词指人,在从句中可作主语或宾语;whom先行词指人,在从句中作宾语;whose先行词指人或物,在从句中作定语。分析句子成分可知,设空处引导定语从句,先行词people是人,且在从句中作主语成分,所以选填who。故选A。
39.A
【详解】句意:微信是一个有用的发明,它可以帮助人们与朋友交谈,分享照片,想法和感受。
考查定语从句。which哪一个;who谁;whose谁的;where在哪里。根据分析句子“A Wechat is a useful invention…can help people talk to friend”可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词为“invention”,发明物,是物。关系词在从句中作主语,故用which或者that。故选A。
40.B
【详解】句意:——萨拉,我能借放在桌上的新唱片吗?——是的,当然。
考查定语从句关系词。who谁;that那个;whom谁(宾格);what什么。从句“is lying on the desk”修饰先行词“the new CD”,而“the new CD”指的的是物体,要用关系词“that”代替。故选B。
41.D
【详解】句意:探索者2号是2010年发射的月球探测器。
考查定语从句。根据“a spacecraft…was launched with a lunar probe in 2010”可知,此处是定语从句,先行词spacecraft指物,此处关系词在从句中作主语,故用that或which。故选D。
42.D
【详解】句意:这是我曾经参观过的最美丽的公园。
考查定语从句的关系词和副词辨析。which指物;that指人或物;ever曾经;never从不。分析句子可知,第一空是宾语从句的关系代词,先行词是park,指物;且有最高级修饰,用that不用which。根据“I have ... visited.”可知,指曾经参观过的公园,故第二空用ever。故选D。
43.B
【详解】句意:我仍然记得四年前我在加拿大拜访过的老师和参观的大学。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知,此处为定语从句,先行词是“the teachers and the college”,是人和物,作visited的宾语,应用that引导定语从句。故选B。
44.A
【详解】句意:——你听过流行的儿歌《挖呀挖呀挖》吗?——是的,它有着最有趣的歌词,我能跟着这首歌一起唱。
考查定语从句的连接词。本句是定语从句,且主语是物,可排除B选项;what不作定语从句连接词;先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,连接词只能用that,而不能用which。故选A。
45.B
【详解】句意:琳达是我最好的朋友,她总是在我遇到困难时帮助我。
考查定语从句。what什么;that无实义,关系代词,代指主语或者宾语,指人或者物 ;when当……时,关系副词;which关系代词,代指主语或者宾语,指物。根据分析句子“Linda is my best friend…always gives me a hand when I get into trouble.”可知,先行词是friend,从句缺主语,所以此处应该填入that。故选B。
46.A
【详解】句意:呼伦贝尔市是一个你永远不想离开的非常有吸引力的城市。
考查定语从句中关系词辨析。关系代词that指代的先行词可以是人,也可以是物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语和表语;关系副词where指代的先行词是表示地点的名词,在定语从句中作地点状语;关系代词who指代的先行词是人,在定语从句中作主语、宾语和表语。本题中city是先行词,句中“...you will never want to leave.”是定语从句,本空所填的关系词在定语从句中作宾语,指代事物。故选A。
47.D
【详解】句意:老师的工作就是认真地教导学生。
考查关系代词。who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;where在定语从句中作状语;whose在定语从句中作定语。分析句子结构,该句是定语从句,先行词是“the person”,设空处后为名词“work”,指的是“the person”的工作,填whose修饰“work”。故选D。
48.D
【详解】句意:我不认识那个男孩,他的父亲是一名英语老师。
考查定语从句的引导词。who的先行词指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;whom的先行词指人,在从句中作宾语;that的先行词指人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;whose的先行词指人或物,在从句中作定语。分析题干可知,本句为定语从句,先行词是“the boy”,在从句中作father的定语。故选D。
49.C
【详解】句意:——你听说过南瓜节吗?——苏雷尔。这是一个庆祝收获的时刻,南瓜飞得最远的人将成为赢家。
考查定语从句关系词。which指物;who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whose某(些)人的……,指人或物,在定语从句中作定语。该句中先行词为those=those people,排除A;关系词在从句作定语修饰pumpkins,排除B。故选C。
50.C
【详解】句意:这是我长大的美丽小镇。我非常喜欢它。
考查关系代词。what不引导定语从句;where关系副词,作状语;which关系代词,作宾语或主语;that关系代词,作主语或宾语。该句是定语从句,设空处前是介词in,只能填关系代词which作其宾语。in which相当于where,故选C。
51.B
【详解】句意:昨天格林先生去了他的家乡,参观了他出生的老房子。
考查定语从句引导词。where关系副词,可以引导定语从句,在从句中只能作状语;which关系代词,可以引导定语从句,先行词为物,在从句中作主语或宾语;who谁,可以引导定语从句,先行词为人;it它,不能引导定语从句。由“Yesterday Mr. Green went to his hometown and visited the old house...he was born in”可知,先行词“house”指物,在从句中,介词in之后缺少宾语,故此时从句应用which来引导。故选B。
52.A
【详解】句意:一项调查显示,《秘密花园》是过去一年大多数中国人花钱买的书。
考查定语从句。根据“the Secret Garden is the book on ... most Chinese people spent money in the past year.”可知,句子是定语从句,介词on后跟关系代词which。故选A。
53.A
【详解】句意:杰森非常喜欢他在课堂活动中拍摄的照片。
考查定语从句。根据“Jason really likes the picture…he took during the class activity.”可知,句子包含定语从句。先行词picture为物,关系词从句中作宾语,用which引导定语从句。故选A。
54.C
【详解】句意:在这个春节假期,哈尔滨吸引了很多人,这里有美丽的风景和优质的政府服务。
考查定语从句。where在哪里;what什么;which哪一个;whose谁的。根据“a lot of people are attracted to Harbin…has got beautiful scenery and quality government services”可知,此句为定语从句,先行词为Harbin,指物,在从句中作主语,应用关系词that/which引导定语从句。故选C。
55.B
【详解】句意:山顶上矗立着一座500年前建造的古塔。
考查动词辨析和定语从句。ran跑;stood矗立,处于,站立;lived住在;lay位于,坐落在。由“On the top of the hill…an ancient tower”可知,古塔坐落在山顶上,stood或lay符合题意,排除A和C;定语从句缺少关系词,定语从句的先行词“an ancient tower”是物,且关系词在定语从句中作主语,应用that或which引导,排除D。故选B。
56.C
【详解】句意:辛迪邀请我去看一部关于如何拯救濒危动物的电影。
考查定语从句。who谁,关系代词,代指主语或者宾语,指人;why为什么,关系副词;which,无实义,代指主语或者宾语,指物;when当……时,关系副词。根据分析句子“Cindy invited me to watch a film…is about how to save the animals in danger.”可知,先行词是film,指物,从句缺主语,所以此处应该填入which。故选C。
57.C
【详解】句意:——你知道那个站在皮特身后的人吗?——知道。他是我的新数学老师。
考查定语从句引导词。what什么,不引导定语从句;which哪一个,先行词是物;who谁,先行词是人;whose谁的,先行词是人或物,在从句中作定语。句子“is standing behind Peter”是要修饰“the man”,而“the man”指的是人,所以引导词用“who”。故选C。
58.C
【详解】句意:友谊是人生最宝贵的财富。一个真正的朋友是一个了解你的一切,仍然在你身边的人。
考查关系词。which哪一个;that引导定语从句,无实义;who谁。先行词是不定代词“someone”,指人,关系词应用who。故选C。
59.A
【详解】句意:那些不为未来做准备的人很难成功。
考查关系代词。who关系代词,指人,从句中作主语或宾语;which关系代词,指物,从句中作主语或宾语;whom关系代词,指人,从句中作宾语。该句是定语从句,先行词是“Those”,结合“do not prepare for their future will hardly succeed.”可知,those指人,且从句中缺主语,故选A。
60.A
【详解】句意:——你认识参加婚礼的每个人吗?——差不多,但我不认识那个戴帽子的人。
考查定语从句。everyone是不定代词,作先行词,空后是定语从句,先行词指人,在从句中作主语,应用who引导定语从句,故选A。
61.that I’m interested in/that I am interested in
【详解】根据中英文对照分析,空处缺少“我感兴趣的”,句子是定语从句,先行词film被the only修饰,关系词用that;I“我”,为从句主语;be interested in“对……感兴趣”,时态是一般现在时,主语是I,be用am,可与I缩写为I’m。故填that I’m interested in/that I am interested in。
62.which is very expensive/that is very expensive
【详解】根据中英文提示可知,此句是定语从句。先行词“the restaurant”是物,定语从句中缺少主语,所以用关系代词which/that引导;从句主语代指单数,be动词用is;very expensive“很贵的”,形容词作表语。故填which/that is very expensive。
63. What kind of prefer that/which
【详解】对比所给中英文可知,第一句是对电影的种类进行提问,what kind of“哪种”符合,句首首字母大写;prefer“更喜欢”,此处表示事实,时态为一般现在时,主语为“I”,此处应用动词原形;分析第五空所在句的句子结构可知,此处为定语从句,先行词为“movies”,在从句中充当主语,应用that/which引导定语从句。故填What;kind;of;prefer;that/which。
64. prefer listening to that/which
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,英文句子缺少“更喜欢听”,prefer doing sth.意为“更喜欢做某事”,listen to意为“听”,根据“When I am tired”可知,时态是一般现在时,主语I与动词原形连用,所以动词prefer用原形即可;第四空是定语从句的关系词,在从句中作主语,先行词是music,指物,所以此定语从句可用that或which引导。故填prefer;listening;to;that/which。
65.who is playing the piano/that is playing the piano
【详解】根据题干可知,空处是定语从句,先行词The girl是人,且关系词在从句中作主语,应用who/that引导;play the piano“弹钢琴”,时态为现在进行时“am/is/are doing”,The girl是三单,be动词应用is。故填who/that is playing the piano。
66. that I have seen
【详解】分析句子可知,第一空引导定语从句,先行词为beach,且被形容词最高级修饰,所以用引导词that;结合句意,从句应用现在完成时“have/has+动词过去分词”,主语为I,助动词用have,“看见”为see,过去分词为seen,故填that;I;have;seen。
67. the only person that
【详解】对比所给中英文可知,设空处为“唯一一个……的人”;the only“唯一的”;person“人”;分析句子结构并结合句意可知,此句为定语从句,先行词为“person”,关系词代替先行词在从句中充当主语,先行词前有“the only”修饰,应用that引导定语从句。故填the;only;person;that。
68. who/that is
【详解】分析句子可知,此处是定语从句,先行词“girl”是人,在句中作主语,可用who/that;从句中主语是单数,be动词用is。故填who/that;is。
69. who/that made
【详解】根据“The person…mistakes can learn more from them.”可知,句子是一个含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是the person,关系词在从句中作主语,关系词用who或that;犯错误:make mistakes,固定搭配,应用其过去式made,表之前犯的错误。故填who/that;made。
70. which/that give
【详解】分析句子可知,空处为定语从句,先行词为“movies”,表示物,连接词用that或which,给:give,由于主语是复数且时态为一般现在时,所以是动词原形。故填which/that;give。
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