UNIT5 单元检测(五)-【优化探究】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册同步导学案配套课件（外研版2019）

选择性必修 第二册 Unit 5　A delicate world 单元检测(五) (全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟) 第一部分　听力 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 　　听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What will the man buy? A.Meat.　 　　 B.Bread.　　　 C.Vegetables. 1 4 5 2 3 答案：B 2.Where will the speakers meet? A.In a park. B.In a gym. C.In a coffee shop. 1 4 5 2 3 答案：C 3.What are the speakers talking about? A.Who to boil the eggs. B.How to cook the eggs. C.What to cook for breakfast. 1 4 5 2 3 答案：B 4.When were the speakers planning to have dinner together at first? A.At 7：00 tonight. B.At 8：00 tomorrow. C.At 9：00 tomorrow. 1 4 5 2 3 答案：A 5.What is the relationship between the speakers? A.Family members. B.Friends. C.Neighbors. 1 4 5 2 3 答案：A 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.When did the man start wearing glasses? A.At six years old. B.At seven years old. C.At ten years old. 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 答案：B 7.How did the man end up with bad eyesight? A.He got it from his mother. B.He watched too much TV. C.He had bad reading habits. 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 答案：C 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8.What kind of restaurant are the speakers talking about? A.A restaurant with robot waiters. B.A restaurant without human staff. C.A restaurant with only one human staff member. 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 答案：B 9.Who opened the restaurant? A.A famous chef. B.Several programmers. C.Some university students. 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 答案：C 10.What do some customers complain about? A.The number of dishes available. B.The quality of the ingredients. C.The speed of the service. 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 答案：A 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A.Chinese culture. B.The woman’s trip this summer. C.Some places of interest in Beijing. 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 答案：B 12.Which city will the woman surely visit besides Beijing? A.Shanghai. B.Xi’an. C.Chengdu. 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 答案：A 13.Where will the woman be staying in Beijing? A.In a dormitory. B.In a rented apartment. C.In a local family’s house. 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 答案：C 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14.When did the woman begin to feel bad? A.Yesterday afternoon. B.At midnight last night. C.This morning. 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 答案：B 15.What’s wrong with the woman? A.She has a low fever. B.She has a backache. C.She has caught a bad cold. 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 答案：C 16.Why does the woman want to go home? A.To study for a test. B.To eat something. C.To get her phone. 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 答案：A 17.What does the man suggest the woman do? A.Take some medicine as soon as possible. B.Read her books in the hospital. C.Ask her brother for help. 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 答案：B 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18.Why does the speaker attend English classes at a language program? A.To improve his communication skills. B.To make more foreign friends. C.To get a good job there. 答案：A 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 19.How many classes does the speaker have a day? A.Three.　　　 B.Four.　　　 C.Five. 答案：B 20.What plays an important role in adjusting to a new culture? A.Practice. B.Talent. C.Skills. 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 答案：A 听力原文： Text 1 M：I’m going to go shopping in a minute. What do we need? W：We have enough vegetables and meat，but we need some bread. Text 2 W：I’m having coffee near the park. Where are you? M：I have just finished my basketball practice in the gym. I will go to the coffee shop to meet you. Text 3 W：Would you like me to fry the eggs or just boil them for your breakfast? M：I’d like them boiled. But don’t boil them for a long time. Text 4 W：Can we reschedule our dinner tonight from 7：00 to 9：00? I need to finish a report this evening. M：I’m afraid the restaurant will be closed at 9：00. How about 8：00 tomorrow? Text 5 W：Hey，Josh，will you take Pepper for a walk with me? M：Sure! Let’s take her to our neighbor’s big yard. We should have time to play there and still make it back for dinner，so we don’t get into trouble with Mom and Dad. W：Good idea. Text 6 W：When did you start wearing glasses? M：Ever since I was seven years old. W：Oh，it is already ten years. Did you get it from your family? M：No，I’m the only one in my family who wears glasses. W：Did you watch too much TV before six years old? M：No. My mom knew that watching TV could ruin my eyes，so she was really strict about it. W：How did you end up wearing glasses，then? M：Well，I held my cartoon books too close to my face，so I guess that’s how I harmed my eyesight. Text 7 W：Did you hear about that new robot restaurant? M：No. What is it? A restaurant with robots walking around as waiters? W：That’d be funny，but no. It’s a restaurant where everything is done without any human assistance. M：Are you saying the restaurant doesn’t have a single human staff member? W：Exactly. M：That’s fascinating! How does it work，then? W：Well，you order on a touch screen，and then your food will be prepared by robots designed by programmers. M：Cool! So the restaurant was run by a group of programmers? W：No. It’s a project by a group of university students. They hired professional programmers with financial support from their school. M：Sounds great! Is the business good there? W：Obviously it’s very popular. The service is very fast，which is the main reason for people to go there. M：Is there anything that customers complain about，though? W：Oh yeah. Even though the ingredients are very fresh，the variety of dishes is very limited. Text 8 M：Hey，I heard you’re about to go to China this summer. W：Yes，I’m going to stay there for two months as an exchange student. M：Nice! Which city are you going to stay in? W：The exchange school is in Beijing. But I’m also planning to take some short trips during the weekends. M：That’s great. Will you go to Chengdu to see the pandas? W：I’d love to! But I don’t think I’ll have enough time to take a trip there. M：What a pity! Where do you plan to visit，then? W：Shanghai，for sure，and maybe Xi’an as well. M：Cool! Will you be staying in a dormitory? W：Well，we can choose to stay in a dormitory，rent an apartment or live with a local family. M：I would stay with a local family. You get to experience the culture more that way. W：Exactly! I’ve already chosen that. Text 9 W：Good morning，Dr. Jackson. M：Good morning，Paula. You don’t look very well. What seems to be the trouble? W：Yesterday afternoon，I was planting cabbage in the garden when it suddenly began to rain heavily. I got completely wet. I didn’t pay much attention to it. But at midnight，I began to feel very cold. M：Did you have anything to eat this morning? W：No. There might be something wrong with my stomach，too，because I didn’t feel hungry at all. M：Well，Paula，you’ve caught a bad cold. You still have a high fever. I’m afraid you have to stay in the hospital for two days. W：But Dr. Jackson，there is an English test on Wednesday，and I’ve only got three days to prepare for it. I need to go home to study. M：Paula，you can read your books while you are getting treated here. You’ll get well much slower if you go home and just take medicine. W：Well then，I’ll call my brother to bring my books here. Text 10 I attend English classes at a language program in my city because I want to improve my communication skills.English has become the international language around the world， and I might be able to get better employment and make more friends if I can speak English fluently.I take four classes a day that all focus on different language skills including reading， writing， listening， speaking， and grammar. I think that some people have a natural ability to pick up a language and master it， but I don’t think I fit that group. Actually， learning to speak English well requires a great amount of effort， patience， and practice. Too often， students speak English in their classes， but they go back to their native language after school ends. In fact，if you want to adjust to a new culture， you should make it a point to study， review， and practice everything you are studying. Otherwise， you will never learn and fit into any group. 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Set at the entrance to beautiful bays and natural harbors， lighthouses have prevented ships from touching the ground in shallow water for hundreds of years. Sadly， however， many of them are not needed because of effective onboard navigational (导航的) systems. As they were designed to be visible， lighthouses often become very distinctive landmarks： their shapes and colors stand out against the surrounding landscapes. Consequently， they make for some fantastic photo opportunities and are usually set in impressive spots along rocky coastlines or wild seas. Galle Lighthouse Located within the ancient walls of Galle Fort， the lighthouse of the same name has protected the surrounding waters ever since it was first built in 1848. While it is the oldest lighthouse in the whole of Sri Lanka， the current lighthouse’s blindingly bright white walls only date back to 1939， when it was rebuilt after a devastating fire. Tower of Hercules Ever since the second century CE， the Tower of Hercules has watched out over Spain’s North Atlantic coastline.This remarkably makes it one of the very few oldest lighthouses still in operation today. Such is its age that it is believed to have been modeled after the Lighthouse of Alexandria—one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Big Red Lighthouse Standing proudly at the south side of the Holland Channel， Big Red Lighthouse presents a striking red appearance to increase its visibility in the daytime.Another unusual quality of Big Red is that the rare lighthouse watches over two bodies of water—Lake Macatawa and Lake Michigan. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个著名的灯塔。 21.Who are probably the fans of lighthouses nowadays? A.Photographers.　　　　 B.Historians. C.Sailors. D.Scientists. 答案：A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“their shapes and...or wild seas”可知，灯塔的导航作用越来越被弱化，因其醒目的颜色和形状备受摄影爱好者青睐，故选A。 21 22 23 22.Which of the following is currently used for navigation? A.Galle Lighthouse. B.The Lighthouse of Alexandria. C.Big Red Lighthouse. D.Tower of Hercules. 答案：D 21 22 23 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This remarkably makes it one of the very few...in operation today.”可知，Tower of Hercules是为数不多仍用于导航的灯塔。故选D。 21 22 23 21 22 23 23.What is special about Big Red Lighthouse? A.It has the same name as the ancient walls. B.It borders Lake Macatawa and Lake Michigan. C.It gives off red light to increase its visibility. D.It is modeled after the ancient wonder. 答案：B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Another unusual quality...and Lake Michigan.”可知，Big Red Lighthouse濒临两大湖。故选B。 21 22 23 B In 1992， Eduard Seitan moved to the United States from his homeland， Romania， when he was 19 years old—and didn’t speak a word of English.About 25 years later， he succeeded in owning 9 restaurants and food supply businesses in Chicago， Illinois.But then business was bad.He had to close some of the restaurants.After that， he planned to get involved in something else—saving animals! It started several years ago when Seitan began volunteering as a pilot in a non-profit called Pilots N Paws， which provides an environment in which volunteers can come together and arrange for flights to rescue animals in danger.On its website， Pilots N Paws says its efforts have led to the rescue of over 150，000 animals.Seitan himself has flown over 25 missions and has successfully transported about 60 animals. A few days later after he joined the organization， he flew his first mission.A dog named Phoebe was heading for a kill shelter. Seitan’s part of the mission was to fly the dog to Missouri and then another pilot was to fly her to her new home in Idaho.Recently， the dog’s new owner， a blind woman， sent Seitan a picture of Phoebe and her together.The woman’s husband wrote that Phoebe has brought great happiness to his wife’s life. After that first mission， Seitan was hooked (着迷的).He wanted to save more dogs and other pets and extended his animal charity to his restaurant business.Seitan and his partners later started their own program to help their employees find their adoptive dogs.He has put his time， money， and energies into helping these animals. He says it’s his way of helping.“We all give back to the community in our own ways.Everyone does something.And this is my way.” 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。因生意不好，Eduard Seitan不得不关闭一些餐馆。后来他开始参与动物拯救活动，为拯救动物贡献自己的力量。 24.What do we know about Seitan? A.He went into business at 19. B.He has talent for learning English. C.He made it big in his forties. D.He prefers voluntary work to business. 答案：C 24 25 26 27 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Eduard Seitan moved to the United States...when he was 19 years old”和“About 25 years later， he succeeded in owning 9 restaurants and food supply businesses”可知，Seitan在40多岁时获得了成功。make it big“取得成功”。 24 25 26 27 25.What does Pilots N Paws aim to do? A.Pair pilots with animals. B.Bring animals to safety. C.Find adopters for animals. D.Call for more attention to animals. 答案：B 24 25 26 27 24 25 26 27 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Pilots N Paws， which provides...arrange for flights to rescue animals in danger”可知，Pilots N Paws 致力于拯救处于危险中的动物，将它们带到安全的地方。 26.Which of the following best describes Seitan’s first mission? A.Exciting. B.Dangerous. C.Demanding. D.Successful. 答案：D 24 25 26 27 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Recently， the dog’s new owner...sent Seitan a picture of Phoebe and her together...brought great happiness to his wife’s life.”可推知，Seitan的第一次飞行任务是很成功的。 24 25 26 27 27.What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph? A.Seitan’s devotion to helping animals. B.Approaches to rescuing animals. C.Seitan’s motivation for saving animals. D.Efforts of Seitan and his workmates. 答案：A 24 25 26 27 24 25 26 27 段落大意题。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是“extended his animal charity to his restaurant business...helping these animals”可知，本段主要讲的是Seitan在拯救动物上的投入和奉献。 C “What’s your favorite color?” is a common question， particularly among children. However， there is a new color that might offer a partial solution to global warming by one day reducing the need for air conditioning (AC). According to the Environmental Protection Agency， AC only contributes a part of global greenhouse gas emissions. But that threat will continue to grow as temperatures rise with climate change， and people install (安装) more AC units. Responding to this threat， researchers at Purdue University sought to replace the need for conditioning power and invented the world’s whitest paint. It is so white that it could efficiently reflect enough sunlight to cool off buildings. In 2021， the researchers focused on two key elements of the white paint. The first is that the chemical compound barium sulfate (BaSO4) can effectively reflect light. The second is that BaSO4 particles vary in size allowing the paint to reflect and scatter more incoming light. The ultra-white paint reflects 98.1% of solar radiation and sends out infrared heat (红外线热量) at the same time. Using highly accurate temperature-reading technology， researchers found that the paint kept surfaces 34.2℃ cooler， even during the hottest hours of the day. The white paint can be a suitable alternative to conventional AC. Air cooling power uses an estimated 5 kilowatts per 1，000 square meters， but the researchers demonstrated that their white paint could double that amount of power. If this innovation is applied to the surface of buildings， AC will be replaced with paint. The team is optimistic about getting this paint onto the market. They are currently working with a company to commercialize it. The whitest white color can change the way people think about their cooling systems. Instead of installing large AC units that already use a lot of electrical power， people can turn to just a few coats of the world’s whitest paint to do the same job. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了普渡大学的研究人员发明了世界上最白的涂料，它可以有效地反射足够的阳光来冷却建筑物，这不仅减少了能源的消耗，也减少了温室气体的排放。 28 29 30 31 28.Why did the researchers develop the ultra-white paint? A.To cut the expense of decorating buildings. B.To improve the cooling effect of air conditioners. C.To harvest more sunlight to warm up rooms. D.To reduce the release of greenhouse gases. 答案：D 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，研发超白色涂料的原因是它可以有效地反射足够的阳光来冷却建筑物，从而减少空调的使用，进而减少温室气体的排放。 28 29 30 31 29.What does paragraph 3 mainly focus on? A.The cooling principle of the paint. B.The process of producing the paint. C.The impact of BaSO4 on global climate. D.The advantages of temperature-reading technology. 答案：A 28 29 30 31 28 29 30 31 段落大意题。根据第三段的内容可知，2021年，研究人员将重点放在了白色涂料的两个关键元素上。一是化合物硫酸钡能有效地反射光线。二是硫酸钡颗粒的大小不同，这使得涂料能够反射和散射更多的入射光。超白色涂料反射98.1%的太阳辐射，同时发出红外线热量。研究人员利用高度精确的温度读数技术发现，即使在一天中最热的时候，这种涂料也能使表面温度降低34.2摄氏度。因此本段主要讲述了这种超白色涂料能够保持较低温度的原因，即专门对它的冷却原理进行了具体描述。 30.What can we expect of the ultra-white paint in the future? A.It will dominate the paint market. B.It will change people’s lifestyles greatly. C.It will help reduce energy consumption. D.It will earn a big profit for the company. 答案：C 28 29 30 31 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The whitest white color can change the way people think about their cooling systems. Instead of installing large AC units that already use a lot of electrical power， people can turn to just a few coats of the world’s whitest paint to do the same job.”可知，人们以后可以不用以消耗这么多电力为代价了，故减少了能源的消耗，这是人们对这个超白色涂料未来的期待。 28 29 30 31 31.What’s the team’s attitude towards the commercialization of the paint? A.Negative. B.Positive. C.Pessimistic. D.Disapproval. 答案：B 28 29 30 31 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“The team is optimistic about getting this paint onto the market. They are currently working with a company to commercialize it.(该团队对将这种涂料推向市场持乐观态度。他们目前正在与一家公司合作，将其商业化)”可知，该团队对其商业化是持积极态度的。 28 29 30 31 D Plants don’t have ears or a central nervous system， but new research out of the University of Missouri has demonstrated that they might still have the ability to “hear”. More specifically， plants have been shown to exhibit an immune response (免疫反应) to the mere sound of a hungry insect. For the study， researchers played the sound of a caterpillar chewing to a group of plants， which caused slight vibrations (振动) on the plants’ leaves. The plants were able to recognize these vibration patterns as danger， and responded by mounting the appropriate immune response. In other words， it appears that plants can “hear” themselves being chewed on. Researchers assume that plants achieve this remarkable ability thanks to proteins that respond to pressure found within their cell membranes. Vibrations cause pressure changes within the cell， which can change the behavior of the proteins；however， additional study will be required to confirm or deny this theory. Once researchers identify the exact mechanisms at play in this process， it could lead to advances in crop protection. Farmers could potentially learn to use sound to cause a plant’s natural chemical defenses against insect threats， rather than turning to poisonous chemicals. “We can imagine applications of this where plants could be treated with sound or genetically engineered to respond to certain sounds that would be useful for agriculture，” said study author Heidi Appel. The study adds to the growing list of ways that plants have been shown to sense their environments. They are not the boring organisms that many people assume they are. For instance， some plants are able to communicate with each other and signal upcoming danger to their neighbors by releasing chemicals into the air. Plants can respond to light (think about sunflowers) and temperature. Some can even respond to touch， such as the Venus flytrap (捕蝇草)， which snaps shut when an insect stimulates its hairs. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。密苏里大学的一项新研究表明，植物可能有“听”的能力，对饥饿昆虫的声音有免疫反应，这项发现可以应用于农业以保护庄稼。 32.Why did researchers carry out the study? A.To find out if plants can react to sounds. B.To learn how plants recognize dangers. C.To discover if plants can shake their leaves. D.To see how plants improve immune systems. 答案：A 32 33 34 35 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“More specifically， plants have been shown to exhibit an immune response to the mere sound of a hungry insect.”可知，植物已经被证明对饥饿昆虫的声音有免疫反应；再由第二段的研究过程可知，在这项研究中，研究人员向一组植物播放毛虫咀嚼的声音，而这会引起植物叶子的轻微振动。这些植物能够将这些振动模式识别为危险，并通过建立适当的免疫反应作出反应。由此可知，这项研究的目的是查明植物对声音是否有反应，故选A项。 32 33 34 35 33.What’s the potential use of researchers’ discovery? A.To remove insects. B.To protect crops. C.To treat plant diseases. D.To produce chemicals. 答案：B 32 33 34 35 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Farmers could potentially learn to use sound to cause a plant’s natural chemical defenses against insect threats， rather than turning to poisonous chemicals.”可知，农民有可能学会用声音来让植物的天然化学屏障抵御昆虫的威胁，而不是使用有毒的化学物质，即研究人员的这一发现的潜在用处是保护庄稼，故选B项。 32 33 34 35 34.What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph? A.There are more plants than we know. B.Plants are more active than we think. C.Plants fit in well with their environments. D.Lots of secrets about plants remain unclear. 答案：B 32 33 34 35 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容，特别是前两句可知，这项研究增加了为人们所知的植物感知环境的方式，并证明植物不是许多人认为的那种乏味的生物，下文则举例说明植物能够互相交流或对外界刺激作出反应，所以本段想要告诉我们的是植物比我们想得更加活跃。故选B项。 32 33 34 35 35.What can be the best title for the text? A.Can Plants “Talk” with Each Other? B.How Do Plants Make Use of Sounds? C.Can Plants “Hear” Themselves Being Eaten? D.How Do Plants Defend Themselves Against Attacks? 答案：C 32 33 34 35 标题归纳题。通读全文，特别是第一段中的“new research out of the University of Missouri has demonstrated that they might still have the ability to ‘hear’”可知，密苏里大学的一项新研究表明，植物可能具有“听”的能力。文章介绍了该研究的研究过程、研究结论以及相关潜在应用。由此可推断，C项“植物能‘听到’自己被吃掉的声音吗?”最适合作为文章标题，故选C项。 32 33 34 35 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了导致物种濒危的几点原因以及个人和政府为了保护濒危物种可以采取的措施。 Endangered Species An endangered species is a group of animals that could soon become extinct. 　36　 Many species are nearly extinct and could disappear off the face of the earth very soon if we don’t do anything to save them. There are many reasons why species become endangered.  36 37 38 39 40 36 37 38 39 40 A.Animal habitats are also destroyed because of pollution. B.Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing. C.Eventually， all the creatures on Earth will enjoy being together. D.Recent changes， however， have helped to improve the situation. E.So what can individuals and governments do to protect endangered species? F.Extinction happens when the last of the species has died out and there will be no more. G.If we all cooperate and take these steps， we will protect these animals for future generations. 答案：F 36 37 38 39 40 根据第一段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了什么是濒危物种。F项承接上文，介绍了物种的灭绝是如何发生的。 Habitat destruction is the main reason why animals become endangered and this happens in two ways. When humans move into a new area， the animals’ habitat is destroyed and there is nowhere for them to live and nothing to eat because humans chop down trees and build houses and farms. 　37　 Chemicals in rivers and poisons on farms cause the destruction of animals’ homes and food supplies.  36 37 38 39 40 36 37 38 39 40 A.Animal habitats are also destroyed because of pollution. B.Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing. C.Eventually， all the creatures on Earth will enjoy being together. D.Recent changes， however， have helped to improve the situation. E.So what can individuals and governments do to protect endangered species? F.Extinction happens when the last of the species has died out and there will be no more. G.If we all cooperate and take these steps， we will protect these animals for future generations. 答案：A 根据段首句可知，本段主要介绍的是动物栖息地被破坏的两个原因。空后句是指河流中的化学物质和农场中的毒药会破坏动物的家园和食物供应。A项能够引起下文，讲的是污染对动物栖息地的破坏。 36 37 38 39 40 36 37 38 39 40 　38　 Animals have been brought to the edge of extinction because they are killed for their highly-valued meat， fur， bones or skin， or just for sport. Overfishing has resulted in many large sea creatures like whales and sharks becoming endangered species.  36 37 38 39 40 A.Animal habitats are also destroyed because of pollution. B.Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing. C.Eventually， all the creatures on Earth will enjoy being together. D.Recent changes， however， have helped to improve the situation. E.So what can individuals and governments do to protect endangered species? F.Extinction happens when the last of the species has died out and there will be no more. G.If we all cooperate and take these steps， we will protect these animals for future generations. 答案：B 空格句为本段主旨句。根据段落内容可知，本段主要讲的是人类的过度捕杀是造成物种濒危的原因之一。B项能够概括段落主旨。 36 37 38 39 40 36 37 38 39 40 　39　 We should take care not to pollute natural areas， and farmers or companies who destroy animal habitats should face severe financial penalties. The public can help out by refusing to buy any products made from these animals’ body parts. Governments can help， too， by making it against the law to hunt， fish or trade in endangered species. They can also provide funding for animal sanctuaries to protect animals from extinction by breeding more endangered animals， which they later release into the wild. 　40　  36 37 38 39 40 A.Animal habitats are also destroyed because of pollution. B.Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing. C.Eventually， all the creatures on Earth will enjoy being together. D.Recent changes， however， have helped to improve the situation. E.So what can individuals and governments do to protect endangered species? F.Extinction happens when the last of the species has died out and there will be no more. G.If we all cooperate and take these steps， we will protect these animals for future generations. 答案：E 空格句为本段主旨句。根据段落内容可知，本段介绍了个人和政府为保护濒危物种所做的努力，E项能够概括段落主旨。 36 37 38 39 40 36 37 38 39 40 　39　 We should take care not to pollute natural areas， and farmers or companies who destroy animal habitats should face severe financial penalties. The public can help out by refusing to buy any products made from these animals’ body parts. Governments can help， too， by making it against the law to hunt， fish or trade in endangered species. They can also provide funding for animal sanctuaries to protect animals from extinction by breeding more endangered animals， which they later release into the wild. 　40　  36 37 38 39 40 A.Animal habitats are also destroyed because of pollution. B.Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing. C.Eventually， all the creatures on Earth will enjoy being together. D.Recent changes， however， have helped to improve the situation. E.So what can individuals and governments do to protect endangered species? F.Extinction happens when the last of the species has died out and there will be no more. G.If we all cooperate and take these steps， we will protect these animals for future generations. 答案：G 根据段落内容可知，本段讲述的是个人和政府为了保护濒危物种可以采取的措施。G项符合段落主旨，表示如果我们采取这些措施，会带来什么样的成果。 36 37 38 39 40 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was in Australia. By mid-afternoon on Thursday， Adrian Main was working outside in the 　41　. Over the years， he had 　42　 many insects while digging around in soil， so he knew how to 　43　 the dangerous ones.  Now his shovel (铲子) was in his car， parked 50 meters away. He considered getting it， but the job was 　44　. So he used his hands instead. Just as his fingers slid under the pile of 　45　， he felt a sharp pain in his left hand. Adrian quickly 　46　 out his hand， seeing a 　47　 biting his finger.  Adrian knew immediately that the spider was a Sydney Funnel-web， the 　48　 in Australia. Therefore， he quickly 　49　 his hand up and down to throw off the spider and after three or four seconds， it finally let go and dropped to fallen leaves again.  He 　50　 to his coworker， Phil， who was working close by. Phil dropped his shovel and ran over. The pair calmly walked to the car while Adrian pressed down on his finger to 　51　 the spread of venom (毒液) into his bloodstream. They both knew a bite like this， if left untreated， could 　52　 death within an hour.  　53　， the woods where they had been working were not very far from the hospital. Adrian walked into the emergency department with 　54　 still streaming down his finger. He calmly told the nurse that he’d been bitten by a Sydney Funnel-web， and was quickly brought to a ward. He finally was 　55　 and allowed to go home.  　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Adrian Main在森林里工作的时候被蜘蛛咬伤，在同事Phil的帮助下及时得到救治的故事。 41.A.zoo B.forest C.yard D.park 答案：B 根据下文中的“the woods where they had been working”可知，Adrian在森林里工作。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 42.A.recalled B.hurt C.killed D.encountered 答案：D 根据上文内容和下文中的“digging around in soil”可知，Adrian在森林里工作，所以在工作过程中会遇到许多昆虫。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 43.A.struggle with B.tell apart C.come across D.look after 答案：B 上文说Adrian在森林中遇到过许多昆虫，再结合“so”和“the dangerous ones”可推知，因为他遇到过许多昆虫，所以他能识别哪些昆虫是危险的。struggle with“斗争”；tell apart“区分”；come across“碰见”；look after“照顾”。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 44.A.dangerous B.secure C.easy D.practical 答案：C 根据下文中的“So he used his hands instead”可推知，Adrian最终决定不用铲子而直接用手，说明任务简单，不需要工具。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 45.A.leaves B.branches C.mud D.waste 答案：A 根据下文中的“he quickly...dropped to fallen leaves again”可知，他把手指伸到了树叶下面。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 46.A.put B.pulled C.reached D.checked 答案：B 根据上文中的“Just as...he felt a sharp pain in his left hand.”可推知，他的手指本来在树叶下面，剧烈的疼痛让他迅速把左手抽了出来。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47.A.rat B.mosquito C.snake D.spider 答案：D 根据下文中多次出现的“the spider”和“Sydney Funnel-web”可知，一只蜘蛛咬了他的手指。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 48.A.mildest B.deadliest C.strongest D.wildest 答案：B 根据下文中的“They both knew a bite like this， if left untreated， could 　52　 death within an hour.”可知，这种蜘蛛是澳大利亚最致命的，如果被它咬了不及时治疗，人会在一小时内死亡。  41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 49.A.kept B.checked C.waved D.pushed 答案：C 根据空处所在句中的“up and down to throw off the spider”可知，他快速上下挥手来甩掉蜘蛛。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 50.A.jumped B.showed C.shouted D.whispered 答案：C 根据下文中的“Phil， who...ran over”可知，Adrian大喊向附近的同事求助。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 51.A.slow B.forbid C.interrupt D.clear 答案：A 结合常识和上文中的“Adrian pressed down on his finger”与下文中的“the spread of venom into his bloodstream”可推知，按住被咬的手指可以减缓毒液在血液中流动的速度。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 52.A.add to B.turn to C.adjust to D.lead to 答案：D 根据上文中的“the spread of venom”和“if left untreated”可知，被澳大利亚最致命的蜘蛛咬伤，如果不及时治疗，会导致死亡。add to“增加”；turn to“变成”；adjust to“适应”；lead to“导致”。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 53.A.Gradually B.Subsequently C.Fortunately D.Importantly 答案：C 根据上文和下文中的“the woods where they had been working were not very far from the hospital”可知，被这种蜘蛛咬了不治疗，人会在一个小时内死亡。他们离医院不远，这是幸运的事情。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 54.A.blood B.sweat C.poison D.water 答案：A 根据上文内容和下文中的“streaming down his finger”可知，他被蜘蛛咬了，血顺着他的手指流下来。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 55.A.saved B.sheltered C.forgiven D.greeted 答案：A 根据“allowed to go home”可知，他被蜘蛛咬伤后去医院，最后被救了。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在三江源生态保护区的带动下，中国正在进行全国范围的生态保护系统的建设，这将对人类文明的发展和进步有着重要的意义。 High on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 56.__________ (lie) China’s “water tower” Sanjiangyuan. It is home to the headwaters of China’s three rivers： the Yellow River， Yangtze River， and Lancang River. It is the three rivers 57.___________ provide water for about half the population of China. However， human activities are putting this ecosystem 58.___________ risk. Hopefully， though， we can repair this damage. The Chinese government decided to set up Sanjiangyuan National Park in Qinghai Province. The park， officially 59.___________ (establish) in 2021， has increased the area’s green coverage and attracted more wildlife. The local government has also made great efforts to improve biological diversity. The success of Sanjiangyuan will mark the start of a 60.___________ (green) future. With Sanjangyuan 61.___________ (take) the lead， nine other regions in China 62._________ (choose) by a field conservation station to carry out projects over the past three years，63.___________ will form a national park system together. The idea of a national park system is still new in China， but 64.___________ (it) realization is urgent. After all， building an ecological civilization bears great 65.___________ (important) in the development and progress of human civilization.  56.答案：lies 考查时态和主谓一致。本句是倒装句，主语为China’s “water tower” Sanjiangyuan，空处所填为本句的谓语动词，描述客观事实应用一般现在时，且主语Sanjiangyuan为第三人称单数，故填lies。 57.答案：that 考查强调句式。本句使用了强调句型，对主语the three rivers进行强调。强调句的结构：It is ＋强调部分＋that＋其他内容。 58.答案：at 考查介词。put sth. at risk为固定搭配，表示“使某事物处于危险之中”。 59.答案：established 考查非谓语动词。句中谓语动词为has increased，空处应用非谓语动词形式，establish与the park之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。 60.答案：greener 考查形容词比较级。此处强调与现状相比，未来更加“绿色化”，因此空处应用形容词比较级。 61.答案：taking 考查非谓语动词。此处考查with复合结构，take与Sanjiangyuan之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。 62.答案：have been chosen 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语over the past three years可知，应用现在完成时，又因动词choose与主语nine other regions之间为被动关系且主语为复数形式，故用现在完成时的被动语态。 63.答案：which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词为nine other regions，故填which。 64.答案：its 考查物主代词。空处应用形容词性物主代词，修饰后面的名词realization。 65.答案：importance 考查词性转换。由空前的形容词great可知，此处应填名词形式，important的名词形式为importance。 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 你校最近要组织一场英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇英文演讲稿向大家介绍一个适合旅行的地方。 注意：词数80左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Good morning， everyone. It is my pleasure to give a speech here. When it comes to visiting cities， most of us want to visit ancient cities. Located in Henan Province， Luoyang is one of them that I’d like to recommend to you. As the capital city of 13 ancient dynasties，Luoyang has a close relationship with Chinese culture and religion. Additionally，Luoyang has many places of interest to offer. For example，the Longmen Grottoes，which was included on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2000，constantly attracts tourists from all over the world. Briefly speaking， Luoyang is certainly worth a visit. Are you eager to visit the city? Thank you! 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Ten-year-old Sami loved to visit his grandfather’s house. The house was near the beautiful blue sea. At the seaside stood thick and tall coconut (椰子) trees with green coconuts hanging on them. When the coconuts fell down， Sami would break them open and drink the coconut water. Sami liked to play under the trees. It was always great fun spending the holidays at Grandpa’s place. This winter vacation， Sami was surprised when he came to his grandfather’s village. The trees decreased dramatically and there were hardly any trees left. He saw houses built near the sea. People had cut down many palm trees and there was hardly any greenery left. Grandpa’s house was different. He never allowed his trees to be cut. He hugged each palm tree in his courtyard. He also named the two big trees near the front door—one was Petu， and the other Betu. He had planted them with his own hands and today they had become large， massive trees with thick trunks. They were tall and green and gave the sweetest， juiciest coconuts. One night， Sami was awakened by a strange sound. He could not sleep. He tossed and turned (辗转反侧) in bed. Suddenly， the ground shook as if the earth was splitting. He sat up straight and then ran to Grandpa. He clung (紧抱) to his grandpa. Grandpa cried out， “That’s an earthquake! It’s an earthquake!” They ran outside the house. They thought that that would be safe. Suddenly， there was a loud sound；the earth was not splitting but the sea was roaring. Subsequently people were shouting， screaming and crying， “The sea is rising! The sea is rising!” The villagers started running away from the beach. Sami watched dumbstruck (惊呆的). The waves were rising higher and higher. Sami thought， “How big the waves are!” He went into the house again and saw the water coming in from all sides. He was scared. Sami remembered his mother telling him long ago， “You must always get out of the house if the floods come too near.” He ran outside the house with Grandpa. But the water poured in. Waves about twelve meters high came in， drowning everything. Water was all around and everywhere. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 Grandpa held Sami’s hand tightly but a huge wave separated them. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Sami， Sami!” Grandpa cried. “Don’t be scared， little one! Come to me， quickly!”_______________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Grandpa held Sami’s hand tightly but a huge wave separated them. Grandpa fought the waves and strived to catch Sami， but failed. Sami drifted away! He struggled to keep his head above the water. The water pushed him ahead. Fortunately， he caught a coconut tree in his courtyard. He panicked and screamed out at Sami but could not see him. He clung to the tree while the sea water was all around. In the hope of seeing Sami， Grandpa climbed higher up the tree. The water carried Sami round and round.  “Sami， Sami!”Grandpa cried. “Don’t be scared， little one!Come to me， quickly!”“But Grandpa， I can’t swim!” Another wave came with terrifying speed and force. Sami cried in despair.Suddenly， Sami felt himself thrown onto the top of a tree. He immediately held it! Looking around，he saw everything was terribly destroyed；but in the near distance， his grandpa was on another tree! Soon it was calm；both Grandpa and Sami came down from the trees and rushed to hug each other， and then they hugged the trees with tears of gratitude.  $$