Unit 3 Family matters Developing ideas — reading 分层练习 -【上好课】2024-2025学年高一英语同步精品课堂（外研版2019必修第一册）

Unit 3 Family matters Developing ideas — reading 分层练习 语言知识 一、（2024·高一课时练习）单词拼写 1 Nowadays more and more Chinese people _____________ (过节) Christmas as the westerners do. 2 _______________ (显而易见地), vocabulary learning plays an essential role in language learning. 3 He studied law at college and later became a l_______________. 4 She showed a ______________ (天赋) for acting at an early age. 5 Higher mortgage rates(抵押借款利率) have already had a major _______________ (影响) on spending. 6 The driver was ____________________ (取消资格) from driving for drunken driving. 7 We a________________ for the delay and regret any inconvenience it may have caused. 8 She threatened(威胁) to take the magazine to _______________ (法庭) if they didn’t publish an immediate apology. 9 We require the student’s full ________________ (细节) at least 4 weeks in advance. 10 The children are taught to show r________________ for their elders and teachers. 【答案】 1 observe 2 Obviously 3 lawyer 4 talent 5 impact(effect) 6 disqualified 7 apologize 8 court 9 details 10 respect 二、（2024·高一课时练习）单句语法填空 1．In my view, the best a ______ to taking exercise in the morning is to go jogging though ways are different. （根据首字母单词拼写） 2．________ (聊天) with your friends on the Internet is quite easy. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 3．The________ (职业) of your dreams is closer than you think. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 4．We have a very communicative _____________(方法) to teaching languages. 5．It has always been a_________(假设) that noise is a problem unique to animals, but scientists found that plants suffered too. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】 1．approach 【详解】考查名词。句意：在我看来，尽管方法不同，早上锻炼的最好方法是慢跑。根据句意可知，慢跑是早上锻炼的最好方法，a开头的名词为approach（方法），根据the best及is可知，用名词单数作句子主语。故填approach。 2．Chatting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在网上和朋友聊天很容易。根据句意和汉语提示提示可知，此处使用动词chat，设空处在句子中作主语，应用动名词。故填Chatting。 3．career 【详解】考查名词。句意：梦想的职业比你想象的要近。空处应填名词作主语，结合汉语提示可知，career职业，是可数名词，由is可知此处应用单数形式。故填career。 4．approach 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们采用一种交际教学法来教授语言。空处应填名词作宾语，结合汉语提示可知，approach方法，途径，approach是可数名词，由空前的a可知此处用单数形式。故填approach。 5．assumed 【详解】考查动词。句意：人们一直认为噪音是动物特有的问题，但科学家发现植物也会受到影响。结合句子结构和首字母以及汉语提示可知，动词assume符合题意；空处是主句谓语动词，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的句子，它和assume之间为被动关系，故空处应填assume的过去分词和has been构成现在完成时的被动语态。故填assumed。 三、（2024·高一课时练习）单句语法填空 1.You'll have to pay_____ your old loan before being allowed а new one. 2.Mr Gump always said that in the long life one will have had many ups_____ downs. 3.Never lose heart, fellows, but I am sure you will have the chance to start_____ zero. 4.Her bravery has given him the will to carry on_____ his life and his work. 5.It's a beautiful painting, but it's a far cry_____ great art. 6.Have the confidence to know you will be successful and achieve what you've set out_____ (do). 7.In human life, happiness and misfortunes are often_____ our expectations, and an unexpected blow may even drive one up the wall. 8.As soon as I opened the front door, the handle came_____ in my hand. 9.On her birthday she received a box of chocolates with a card attached______ it, saying " Happy birthday!" 10.He is a great figure in this research field so we should follow in his_____ (footstep) to learn more. 【答案】 1.off 2.and 3.from 4.with 5.from 6.to do 7.beyond 8.off 9.to 10.footsteps 知识应用 4、 （2024届吉林省吉林地区高三三模）阅读理解 It wasn’t until after I graduated from college, and realized that there’s no such thing as all-encompassing (包罗万象) knowledge, that I was able to read for pleasure. A sense of curiosity directed me and I started to see dictionaries as field guides to the life of language. Looking up words felt less like a failing than an admission that there are lots of things I don’t know and an opportunity to discover just how many. I prize my 1954 copy of Webster’s New International Dictionary, Second Edition. I often consult it, during evening games of Scrabble or midday magazine reading. When I come across unfamiliar words while reading novels, I look them up. When I start encountering these words elsewhere, the linguistic (语言的) universe seems to shrink to the size of a small town. Dictionaries heighten my senses: They direct my attention into a conversation with language. They make me wonder what other things I’m blind to because I haven’t taught myself to notice them yet. Recently spotted examples include orrery, “a mechanical model, usually clockwork, devised to represent the motions of the moon and Earth (and sometimes also other planets) around the sun.” The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) also tells me that the word comes from the fourth Earl of Orrery, for whom a copy of the first machine was made, around 1700. Useful? Obviously not. Satisfying? Deeply. Wikipedia and Google answer questions with more questions, opening up pages you never asked for. But a dictionary builds on common knowledge, using simple words to explain complex ones. Using one feels as if I’m prying open an oyster (蚝) rather than falling down a rabbit hole. Why leave solvable mysteries up to guesswork?     For me, dictionaries are a door into that kind of uncalculated knowledge-seeking. They remind me that following your curiosity instead of brushing it aside is one of the best ways I know to feel connected to more than what’s right in front of you. 1．What can we know about the author? A．He merely read for fun before graduation. B．He longed to learn about all knowledge. C．He considered dictionaries chances of enrichment. D．He admitted being a failure when learning languages. 2．Why does the author mention the example of orrery in paragraph 3? A．To introduce a word. B．To indicate a finding. C．To clarify a concept. D．To support a statement. 3．What does the underlined part in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Encountering new problems. B．Entering a different world. C．Acquiring essential common sense. D．Simplifying tough questions. 4．According to the passage, which of the following can best describe dictionaries? A．Jaw-dropping. B．Eye-opening. C．Mind-numbing. D．Labour-saving. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文为记叙文，讲述了使用词典给作者带来的好处。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Looking up words felt less like a failing than an admission that there are lots of things I don’t know and an opportunity to discover just how many.(查单词与其说是一种失败，不如说是一种承认，我不知道的东西很多，而且有机会发现到底有多少)”可知，作者认为字典有丰富知识的机会。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“They make me wonder what other things I’m blind to because I haven’t taught myself to notice them yet. Recently spotted examples include orrery, “a mechanical model, usually clockwork, devised to represent the motions of the moon and Earth (and sometimes also other planets) around the sun.”(它们让我怀疑还有什么东西是我视而不见的，因为我还没有教会自己去注意它们。最近发现的例子包括orrery：“一种机械模型，通常是发条装置，用来表示月球和地球(有时也包括其他行星)围绕太阳的运动。”)”可推知，作者在第3段提到了orrery的例子是为了支持一项声明。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Wikipedia and Google answer questions with more questions, opening up pages you never asked for. But a dictionary builds on common knowledge, using simple words to explain complex ones.(维基百科和谷歌用更多的问题回答问题，打开你从未问过的页面。但是字典建立在常识的基础上，用简单的词来解释复杂的词)”可知，词典可以简洁的方式解释复杂的问题，而其他网站则以更多的问题来回答你的问题，没有达到解决的目的。由此可知falling down a rabbit hole 意指没有解决问题反而遇到新的问题。可知，故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“For me, dictionaries are a door into that kind of uncalculated knowledge-seeking. They remind me that following your curiosity instead of brushing it aside is one of the best ways I know to feel connected to more than what’s right in front of you.(对我来说，字典是一扇通往那种未经计算的求知之门。他们提醒我，跟随你的好奇心，而不是置之不理，是我所知道的最好的方式之一，让你觉得自己与眼前的事物有更多的联系)”可推知，词典丰富了知识，打开了作者的视野。故选B。 五、（四川省南充市高2024届高考适应性考试）七选五 The Rise of “China-chic” Over past years, guochao, or “China-chic” has been gaining popularity among Chinese consumers. Guochao conveys the cultural heritage and values of China. 1 . “China-chic” is rising, but what is it? The idea of guochao was first borrowed from some international brands, and began to win over Chinese consumers in 2015. 2 . In 2018, Chinese sportswear band Li-Ning presented its Wu Dao (the principles of Taoism) collection at the New York Fashion Week. It featured bright red color and Chinese characters. More brands have since followed, heralding (预示) the early period of guochao. 3 . This was a period when applications of big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things, and 5G technology hit the market one after another. Domestic tech companies such as Huawei, Xiaomi, and DJI made headlines. In its third stage, guochao became more common in everyday life. Over the past decade, guochao has expanded from consumer goods to experiential products. As consumers are showing greater interest in cultural identity and creativity, productions like the TV program National Treasure, and the dance show Night Banquet in Tang Dynasty Palace integrate cultural and historical elements with the latest audio-visual technologies. 4 . Nowadays, guochao is moving to the next stage. No matter how the trend evolves, Chinese people’s positive attitude toward the country’s development and their recognition of and growing confidence in national culture won’t change. 5 . Seen from a broader perspective, guochao mirrors the rise of China, a country eager to make its presence felt globally. Guochao is a style, but more importantly, it transmits culture and values. A．The trend grew in the following years B．They give the viewers a totally new experience C．The next stage saw the rise of China’s native fashion trends D．It also expresses national pride and confidence in a new era E．The second period of guochao mainly features hi-tech sectors F．Its success will rely first and foremost on gaining cultural confidence G．The concept of “Made in China” was recognized as the representation of Chinese culture 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．E 4．B 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍“中国时尚”——国潮的兴起。 1．根据上文“Over past years, guochao, or “China-chic” has been gaining popularity among Chinese consumers. Guochao conveys the cultural heritage and values of China. (在过去的几年里，国潮在中国消费者中越来越受欢迎。国潮传达了中国的文化遗产和价值观。)”可知，这里提到国潮的受欢迎以及国潮蕴含的内涵。选项D“它也表达了民族自豪感和对新时代的信心”承接上文，其中的expresses和上文的conveys呼应。故选D。 2．根据上文“The idea of guochao was first borrowed from some international brands, and began to win over Chinese consumers in 2015. (国潮的理念最早是借鉴了一些国际品牌，并于2015年开始赢得中国消费者的青睐。)”和下文“In 2018, Chinese sportswear band Li-Ning presented its Wu Dao(the principles of Taoism) collection at the New York Fashion Week. It featured bright red color and Chinese characters. More brands have since followed, heralding(预示) the early period of guochao. (2018年，中国运动品牌李宁在纽约时装周上展示了其“悟道”系列。它以鲜艳的红色和汉字为特色。此后，更多的品牌紧随其后，预示着国潮的早期。)”可知，这里介绍国潮早期的发展历程。选项A“这一趋势在接下来的几年里不断发展”和承上启下，其中的the following years呼应上下文的年份2015和2018。故选A。 3．空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，应统领下文内容。根据下文“This was a period when applications of big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things, and 5G technology hit the market one after another. Domestic tech companies such as Huawei, Xiaomi, and DJI made headlines. (这是一个大数据、云计算、物联网和5G技术应用相继进入市场的时期。华为、小米和大疆等国内科技公司成为头条新闻。)”可知，这里介绍与高科技相关的国潮品牌。选项E“国潮的第二个时期以高科技产业为主”契合段落内容，且和上一段落的第一阶段和下一段落的第三阶段呼应。故选E。 4．根据上文“As consumers are showing greater interest in cultural identity and creativity, productions like the TV program National Treasure, and the dance show Night Banquet in Tang Dynasty Palace integrate cultural and historical elements with the latest audio-visual technologies. (随着消费者对文化认同和创意表现出更大的兴趣，电视节目《国家宝藏》和舞蹈节目《大唐夜宴》等作品将文化和历史元素与最新的视听技术相结合。)”可知，这里介绍融入国潮的电视文化节目。选项B“它们给观众一种全新的体验”承接上文，其中的They指代上文的productions。故选B。 5．根据上文“Nowadays, guochao is moving to the next stage. No matter how the trend evolves, Chinese people’s positive attitude toward the country’s development and their recognition of and growing confidence in national culture won’t change. (如今，国潮正在迈向下一个阶段。无论这一趋势如何演变，中国人民对国家发展的积极态度以及对民族文化的认可和信心都不会改变。)”可知，这里涉及国潮与人民对国家发展的积极态度和文化自信的关系。选项F“它的成功首先取决于获得文化自信”承接上文。故选F。 六、（2024届河北省沧州市沧县中学高三三模）读后续写 It was a busy morning and I had several tasks to do before the day became too hot outside. While walking by the side of a busy road, I noticed an old lady, maybe in her 80s standing in danger close to the traffic. Although my mind was occupied, I thought to myself that I should warn her not to stand so close to the traffic rushing by. When I reached the spot where the old lady was standing, I recognized that she was trying to get attention of passersby who of course were too busy to take note of her. She kept pointing to the middle of the road. When I tried to gently move her back further away from the edge of the busy road, she said that she was standing there because she had dropped her house key in the middle of the road and was unable to open her house without the key. I looked around and no one seemed to be interested in the two of us. I knew I was getting delayed but decided to help. The traffic was busy on the road with people on two-wheelers and office goers in cars as well as school buses rushing with school children. It was the worst time of the day to cross a busy road without a traffic light. After asking the old lady to stay at a safe distance, I took a deep breath, stepped onto the road, and waved my hands wildly, expecting not to be hit by the coming vehicles. At first one lane stopped and then I moved further on to the middle of the road, continuing to wave my hand. Just then a school bus was approaching me and I stepped in front of it to stop it. My experience has been that school bus drivers are always considerate of reckless (鲁莽的) pedestrians like me. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: The school bus stopped exactly opposite the spot where the key had fallen. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: As I turned to continue my hurried walk, the old lady pulled me by my hand. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Paragraph 1: The school bus stopped exactly opposite the spot where the key had fallen. I quickly picked up the key, ran back to the old lady waiting by the side of the road and returned the key to her. Although I realized the bus driver got angry at my reckless action in a way, the school children who were watching me from the bus let out a cheer and clapped, which made me feel proud. Paragraph 2: As I turned to continue my hurried walk, the old lady pulled me by my hand. She was so grateful and gave me a big and warm hug, saying “I don’t know how to thank you and this is all I have to give you.” Hearing her words, I felt happy that I had given a hand to this old lady. I hope the school children who were watching me and cheering would help those in need when their turn comes in life. Meanwhile, I understood a small act of kindness can make a great difference to others. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在某天忙碌的早晨，看到一位八十多岁的老太太危险地站在车流旁边，经过交谈作者得知老太太把钥匙掉在路中间了，没有钥匙就打不开她的房子。于是作者帮助她捡回了钥匙，得到了对方的感谢，作者也很快乐和满足。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“校车正好停在钥匙掉下来的地方对面。”可知，第一段可描写作者帮老太太捡回了钥匙。 ②由第二段首句内容“当我转身继续我匆忙的行走时，老太太拉着我的手。”可知，第二段可描写老太太感谢作者以及作者的感受。 2.续写线索：捡回钥匙——归还——老人感谢——感到快乐——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①归还：return/give back ②帮助某人：give a hand to sb/do sb a favor ③意识到：realize/be aware of 情绪类 ①生气：angry/mad ②高兴：happy/delighted 【点睛】 [高分句型1] Although I realized the bus driver got angry at my reckless action in a way, the school children who were watching me from the bus let out a cheer and clapped, which made me feel proud.（由连词Although引导的让步状语从句和who以及which引导的定语从句） [高分句型2] I hope the school children who were watching me and cheering would help those in need when their turn comes in life.（由关系代词who引导定语从句和when引导时间状语从句） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Family matters Developing ideas — reading 分层练习 语言知识 一、（2024·高一课时练习）单词拼写 1 Nowadays more and more Chinese people _____________ (过节) Christmas as the westerners do. 2 _______________ (显而易见地), vocabulary learning plays an essential role in language learning. 3 He studied law at college and later became a l_______________. 4 She showed a ______________ (天赋) for acting at an early age. 5 Higher mortgage rates(抵押借款利率) have already had a major _______________ (影响) on spending. 6 The driver was ____________________ (取消资格) from driving for drunken driving. 7 We a________________ for the delay and regret any inconvenience it may have caused. 8 She threatened(威胁) to take the magazine to _______________ (法庭) if they didn’t publish an immediate apology. 9 We require the student’s full ________________ (细节) at least 4 weeks in advance. 10 The children are taught to show r________________ for their elders and teachers. 二、（2024·高一课时练习）单句语法填空 1．In my view, the best a ______ to taking exercise in the morning is to go jogging though ways are different. （根据首字母单词拼写） 2．________ (聊天) with your friends on the Internet is quite easy. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 3．The________ (职业) of your dreams is closer than you think. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 4．We have a very communicative _____________(方法) to teaching languages. 5．It has always been a_________(假设) that noise is a problem unique to animals, but scientists found that plants suffered too. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 三、（2024·高一课时练习）单句语法填空 1.You'll have to pay_____ your old loan before being allowed а new one. 2.Mr Gump always said that in the long life one will have had many ups_____ downs. 3.Never lose heart, fellows, but I am sure you will have the chance to start_____ zero. 4.Her bravery has given him the will to carry on_____ his life and his work. 5.It's a beautiful painting, but it's a far cry_____ great art. 6.Have the confidence to know you will be successful and achieve what you've set out_____ (do). 7.In human life, happiness and misfortunes are often_____ our expectations, and an unexpected blow may even drive one up the wall. 8.As soon as I opened the front door, the handle came_____ in my hand. 9.On her birthday she received a box of chocolates with a card attached______ it, saying " Happy birthday!" 10.He is a great figure in this research field so we should follow in his_____ (footstep) to learn more. 知识应用 4、 （2024届吉林省吉林地区高三三模）阅读理解 It wasn’t until after I graduated from college, and realized that there’s no such thing as all-encompassing (包罗万象) knowledge, that I was able to read for pleasure. A sense of curiosity directed me and I started to see dictionaries as field guides to the life of language. Looking up words felt less like a failing than an admission that there are lots of things I don’t know and an opportunity to discover just how many. I prize my 1954 copy of Webster’s New International Dictionary, Second Edition. I often consult it, during evening games of Scrabble or midday magazine reading. When I come across unfamiliar words while reading novels, I look them up. When I start encountering these words elsewhere, the linguistic (语言的) universe seems to shrink to the size of a small town. Dictionaries heighten my senses: They direct my attention into a conversation with language. They make me wonder what other things I’m blind to because I haven’t taught myself to notice them yet. Recently spotted examples include orrery, “a mechanical model, usually clockwork, devised to represent the motions of the moon and Earth (and sometimes also other planets) around the sun.” The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) also tells me that the word comes from the fourth Earl of Orrery, for whom a copy of the first machine was made, around 1700. Useful? Obviously not. Satisfying? Deeply. Wikipedia and Google answer questions with more questions, opening up pages you never asked for. But a dictionary builds on common knowledge, using simple words to explain complex ones. Using one feels as if I’m prying open an oyster (蚝) rather than falling down a rabbit hole. Why leave solvable mysteries up to guesswork?     For me, dictionaries are a door into that kind of uncalculated knowledge-seeking. They remind me that following your curiosity instead of brushing it aside is one of the best ways I know to feel connected to more than what’s right in front of you. 1．What can we know about the author? A．He merely read for fun before graduation. B．He longed to learn about all knowledge. C．He considered dictionaries chances of enrichment. D．He admitted being a failure when learning languages. 2．Why does the author mention the example of orrery in paragraph 3? A．To introduce a word. B．To indicate a finding. C．To clarify a concept. D．To support a statement. 3．What does the underlined part in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Encountering new problems. B．Entering a different world. C．Acquiring essential common sense. D．Simplifying tough questions. 4．According to the passage, which of the following can best describe dictionaries? A．Jaw-dropping. B．Eye-opening. C．Mind-numbing. D．Labour-saving. 五、（四川省南充市高2024届高考适应性考试）七选五 The Rise of “China-chic” Over past years, guochao, or “China-chic” has been gaining popularity among Chinese consumers. Guochao conveys the cultural heritage and values of China. 1 . “China-chic” is rising, but what is it? The idea of guochao was first borrowed from some international brands, and began to win over Chinese consumers in 2015. 2 . In 2018, Chinese sportswear band Li-Ning presented its Wu Dao (the principles of Taoism) collection at the New York Fashion Week. It featured bright red color and Chinese characters. More brands have since followed, heralding (预示) the early period of guochao. 3 . This was a period when applications of big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things, and 5G technology hit the market one after another. Domestic tech companies such as Huawei, Xiaomi, and DJI made headlines. In its third stage, guochao became more common in everyday life. Over the past decade, guochao has expanded from consumer goods to experiential products. As consumers are showing greater interest in cultural identity and creativity, productions like the TV program National Treasure, and the dance show Night Banquet in Tang Dynasty Palace integrate cultural and historical elements with the latest audio-visual technologies. 4 . Nowadays, guochao is moving to the next stage. No matter how the trend evolves, Chinese people’s positive attitude toward the country’s development and their recognition of and growing confidence in national culture won’t change. 5 . Seen from a broader perspective, guochao mirrors the rise of China, a country eager to make its presence felt globally. Guochao is a style, but more importantly, it transmits culture and values. A．The trend grew in the following years B．They give the viewers a totally new experience C．The next stage saw the rise of China’s native fashion trends D．It also expresses national pride and confidence in a new era E．The second period of guochao mainly features hi-tech sectors F．Its success will rely first and foremost on gaining cultural confidence G．The concept of “Made in China” was recognized as the representation of Chinese culture 六、（2024届河北省沧州市沧县中学高三三模）读后续写 It was a busy morning and I had several tasks to do before the day became too hot outside. While walking by the side of a busy road, I noticed an old lady, maybe in her 80s standing in danger close to the traffic. Although my mind was occupied, I thought to myself that I should warn her not to stand so close to the traffic rushing by. When I reached the spot where the old lady was standing, I recognized that she was trying to get attention of passersby who of course were too busy to take note of her. She kept pointing to the middle of the road. When I tried to gently move her back further away from the edge of the busy road, she said that she was standing there because she had dropped her house key in the middle of the road and was unable to open her house without the key. I looked around and no one seemed to be interested in the two of us. I knew I was getting delayed but decided to help. The traffic was busy on the road with people on two-wheelers and office goers in cars as well as school buses rushing with school children. It was the worst time of the day to cross a busy road without a traffic light. After asking the old lady to stay at a safe distance, I took a deep breath, stepped onto the road, and waved my hands wildly, expecting not to be hit by the coming vehicles. At first one lane stopped and then I moved further on to the middle of the road, continuing to wave my hand. Just then a school bus was approaching me and I stepped in front of it to stop it. My experience has been that school bus drivers are always considerate of reckless (鲁莽的) pedestrians like me. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: The school bus stopped exactly opposite the spot where the key had fallen. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: As I turned to continue my hurried walk, the old lady pulled me by my hand. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$