Unit 1 单元语法讲练-【精品课】 2024-2025学年八年级英语上册同步精品课件（人教版）

Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? Section A 2d-Grammar focus 语言能力 在讨论假期生活的情境中，以听、说、读、看、写等方式理解并运用一般过去时以及复合不定代词表达意义。 学习能力 学生能够学习并运用听力、阅读和写作学习策略并愿意多渠道获得有关假期或旅行的英语资源。 文化意识 在全球旅行的情境下，学生能够对不同的国家地区的景观和文化做出正确的价值判断。 思维品质 学生通过全球旅行情境，可以从跨文化视角去观察和认识世界，分析和解决一些旅行中遇到的问题，培养逻辑性和创新性。 学习目标 Learning Objectives 动 Lead in Enjoy a video and answer 动 1. Where did the boy go on his summer vacation? 2. What did he and his family do there? 3. What did the girl do on her vacation? 4. Where did Molly go on her summer vacation? 5. What did she and her sister do there? He went to Jejudo with his family. They rode horses and walked along Jeju olle. He took taekwondo lessons. He went to Xinjiang with his sister. They rode horses there. Revision Where did … go on vacation? How was your vacation? went to Sanya / the beach went shopping went to a friend’s farm went to the Great Wall went to summer camp visited old people stayed at home went to the mountains Did you do anything interesting? 5 Watch a video Huangguoshu Waterfall Huangguoshu Waterfall is an interesting and wonderful place in Guizhou. Huangguoshu Waterfall is very special. It’s special because it’s great and beautiful. It’s the biggest waterfall in China. Read the conversation quickly and answer the questions below. 1. Where did Helen go last month? 2. Did she go out with anyone? 3. Did she see anything beautiful? 4. What did she think of it? She went to Guizhou. Yes ,she went with her family. She thought it was wonderful. Yes,she saw Huangguoshu Waterfall. 2d Watch and match Let’s listen. Listen and fill in the blanks according to the conversation. Helen was on vacation last month. She _____ to Guizhou with her family and ____ Huangguoshu Waterfall. It was __________. She took ___________ photos there. Rick didn’t do _________ special last month. He just __________ _______ most of the time to read and relax. went saw wonderful quite a few anything stayed at home 1. 你去了什么地方去度假？_____ ______ you go on _________? 2. 我去了纽约市。I _______ ____ New York City. 3. 你和别的什么人一起去的吗？______ ______ go out with ________? 4. 不，没有别人在这儿。每个人都在度假。 No. ____ _____ was here. ________ was on ________. 5. 你买了什么特别的东西了吗？____ you buy ________ _______? 6. 是的，我为我爸爸买了些东西。Yes, I _____ _____ for my father. 7. 不，我没有买什么东西。No, I _______ _________. 8. 吃的怎么样？____ ____ the food? 9. 所有的东西尝起来都很好。 __________ _______ really good. 10. 每个人都玩得很开心吗?_____ ________ have a good time? 11. 是的。一切事物都很棒。Yes. __________was excellent. vacation Where did went to Did you anyone Have a test Complete the sentences No one Everyone vacation Did anything special bought something bought nothing How was Everything tasted Did everyone Everything Where did you go on vacation? I went to New York City Did you go out with anyone? No. No one was here. Everyone was on vacation. Did you buy anything special? Yes, I bought something for my father. No, I bought nothing. How was the food? Everything tasted really good! Did everyone have a good time? Oh, yes. Everything was excellent. Try to find out the rules. 上述句子中用的什么时态？ 一般过去时态 这个时态如何使用呢？ 一起来回顾一下吧！ 1. Simple Past Tense 句式结构 表示含义 时间状语 主系表：主语+was/were+其他 主谓宾：主语+动词过去式+其他 过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态； 也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 yesterday last month last year just now … ago in 2021 一般过去时 Simple past tense(一般过去时) 语法定义 一般过去时表示_____________或_____________发 生的______ 或___________，常和表示_______________连用。 过去某个时间 某一段时间 存在的状态 动作 过去的时间状语 标志词 昨天__________, 昨晚、上周________________, 在1990年__________, 两天前______________，刚刚___________等。 “yestercay” “last night/week” “in 1990” “two days ago” “just now” 如：他昨天六点半起床。 He got up at 6:30 yesterday. I visited my grandparents last week. 我上周去看望了我的祖父母。 其他用法 一般过去时也表示过去________________的动作，常和often,always等___________________连用。 经常或反复发生 表示频度的时间状语 如：去年他总是坐公共汽车去上班。 He always went to work by bus last year. 动 发现一 一 般 过 去 时 用法 1. 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 2. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 谓语构成 常用时间 (the day before) yesterday last night / week in 1990 / just now On Sunday morning two days ago 系动词be的过去时. am (is) →was are →were 肯定句：主语+was (were) +表语  He was at home yesterday. 否定句：主语+was (were) +not+表语  We weren't late yesterday. . 疑问句：Was (Were) +主语+表语？ Were you ill yesterday?  特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语 +其他？ 行为动词的一般过去时: 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他。I went to the movie. 否定句：主语+助动词didn’t+动词原形+其他？→I didn’t go to school. 一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+其他？ Did you have breakfast?Yes, I do./ No, I don’t. Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？ When did you visit the Great Wall? Simple Past Tense--Sentence Structure 一般过去有规则， 肯定句用过去式； 否定要把didn’t添，谓语动词须还原； 疑问did加在前， 动词也需要还原。 be动词 行为动词 肯定句 I was in Beijing last month. I went to Shanghai last Friday. 否定句 I wasn’t in Beijing last month. I didn’t go to Shanghai last Friday. 一般疑问句 —Were you in Beijing last month？ —Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. —Did you go to Shanghai last Friday? —Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 含be动词的一般过去时的句式 肯定句： 否定句： 一般疑问句： 及其回答 特殊疑问句： 主语 + was/were + 其他. 主语 + was not( wasn’t)/were not( weren’t) + 其他. Was/Were + 主语 + 其他? Yes, 主语 + was/were. No, 主语 + wasn’t/weren’t. 特殊疑问词+was/were + 其他? There ______ a school concert last Friday. As you can see, there ______ many people and all of them ______ very happy. Unluckily, Amy ______ (be not)at the concert, because she ______ sick. Where ______ she? She ______ in hospital. ______ there many pianos? No, there _______. was were were wasn’t was was was Were weren't A:How your vacation, Lin? B: It pretty good. A: How the beaches? B: They great. A: How the weather? B: It hot and wet. A: How the people? B: They unfriendly. A:How the stores? B: They expensive. was was were were was was were were were were Be— am/is(was) are(were) Be 填空 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 含do的一般过去时的句式 肯定句： 否定句： 一般疑问句： 及其回答 特殊疑问句： 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. 主语 + did not(didn’t) + 动词原形 + 其他. Did +主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? Yes, 主语 + did. No, 主语 + didn’t. 特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 +其他. Mike’s school trip ______ great. Where ______ she go? She _______ (not go) to the zoo. She ______ (go) to a farm. On the farm, Carol ______ (milk) a cow and ______ (ride) a horse. ______ she feed chickens? No, she ______. She only ______ (see) them. In the afternoon, she ______ (take) some pictures of flowers. Then, she ______ (go) for a walk with her friends and ______ (talk) with a farmer. was did didn’t go went milked rode didn’t saw took went talked Did II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 We ______ (live) in Japan last year. Jack________ (stop) the car last Sunday. Tom _______ (clean) his room and ________ (study) for the Chinese test last weekend. 4.What ______ you ______(do) last night? 5.On Sunday morning I _____ (play) tennis. lived stopped cleaned studied did do played Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事； be用was或用were, have, has变had； 谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志； 一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。 否定句很简单，主语之后didn’t添； 疑问句也不难，did放在主语前； 如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原； 动词若是was, were,否定就把not添。 易记歌谣 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 规则变化 类别 构成方法 例词与发音 读音规则 直 一般情况 加-ed play-played/pleɪd/ offer-offered/ˈɒfəd/ 清辅音后读/t/，浊辅音和元音后读/d/，/t/和/d/后面读/id/ 去 以e结尾的动词 去e 加-ed like-liked/laɪkt/ hate-hated/ˈheɪtɪd/ 双 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词 双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed plan-planned/plænd/ stop-stopped/stɒpt/ 变 以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词 变y为i，再加-ed cry-cried/kraɪd/ study-studied/ˈstʌdid/ Simple Past Tense--Past Forms Simple Past Tense--Past Forms 类别 例词 不规则 原形 cut cut put put hurt hurt read read shut shut 不规则 do did speak spoke come came run ran drive drove see saw go went get got take took eat ate find found fly flew have had give gave lose lost make made meet met swim swam am, is—was are—were go—went do—did have—had come—came take—took say—said eat—ate see—saw get—got put—put sleep—slept give—gave write—wrot read—read buy—bought sit—sat run—ran swim —swam make—made feel—fel hear—heard grow—grew tell—told know—knew find—found begin—began bring —brought stand—stood spend—spent catch—caught teach—taught 动词不规则变化 /red/ 1.get — 2.say — 3.have — 4.be— 5.tell — 6.think — 7.write — 8.drive — 9.run — 10.read — I. 写出下列单词的过去式。 got said had was, were told thought wrote drove ran read Exercises 巩固练习 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 11. see— 12. stand — 13. put — 14. eat — 15. buy — 16. drink — 17. sleep — 18. come — 19. play — 20. study — 21. listen — saw stood put ate bought drank slept came played studied listened Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 【语境应用】完成句子 。 1) 刚才Sandy尝了尝汤。 Sandy _______ _______ _______ just now. 2) 我昨晚在聚会上待到很晚。 I _______ _______ at the party last night.  3) 他们昨天下午四点到达北京的。 They _______ _______ Beijing at 4:00 yesterday afternoon. tasted the soup stayed late arrived in / got to 4) Cathy在母亲节给她妈妈买了一件礼物。 Cathy _______ _______ _______ for her mother on Mother's Day. 5) 今天早上我起晚了，因此什么都没有吃。 I got up late this morning, so I _______ _______. 6) Bob在公共汽车上感觉很糟，因为太挤了。 Bob _______ _______ on the bus because it was too crowded. bought a gift ate felt terrible nothing III. 句型转换。   Lucy did her homework at home. （改否定句）     2. He found some meat in the fridge(冰箱). （变一般疑问句)     3. She stayed there for a week.（画线部分提问）   Lucy didn’t do her homework at home. Did he find any meat in the fridge?  How long did she stay there?   Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 4. She went to the beach last Sunday. (变一般疑问句) 5.They stayed at home on vacation.(就画线部分提问) Did she go to the beach last Sunday? Where did they stay on vacation? Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 6. The weather was hot and humid. (变否定句) 7. Nancy went to the cinema last night. (改为同义句) 8. The people in New York were friendly. (就画线部分提问) The weather wasn’t hot or humid. Nancy went to see a film last night. How were the people in New York? Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 四、汉译英。 1. 最近每个人都很忙。 2.— 你假期做什么有趣的事了吗？ — 是的。 我去北京了。 Everyone is very busy these days. —Did you do anything fun on your vacation? —Yes, I did. I went to Beijing. Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 3. 你假期过得怎么样？ How was your vacation? 4. 晚上没有什么事可做，只好看书。 There was nothing much to do in the evening but reading. 5. 我给我父母买了一些礼物，却没给自己买。 I bought some gifts for my parents, but nothing for myself. Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? Last summer, I ______to the beach with my parents. My vacation _____pretty good . I ____there by bus _____my bus trip______ relaxing. The beach ______ very beautiful . It _______sunny. I _________ beach volleyball and ______swimming. The people ______ friendly and the food was ________. I __________my vacation very much and I _________to go there again. went was went and was was was were delicious enjoyed hope played went Write about your vacation and give a report. Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? Grammar Focus Where did you go on vacation? I went to New York City. Did you go out with anyone? No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation. Did you buy anything special? Yes, I bought something for my father. No, I bought nothing. How was the food? Everything tasted really good. Did everyone have a good time? Oh, yes, Everything was excellent Read and find 动 发现二 复合不定代词 some, any, no, every与-one,-body,-thing可以 组成12个不定代词，他们分别是： 某人 某事 任何人 任何事 没有人 没有东西 每人 一切 someone somebody anyone\anybody no one\ nobody everyone everybody something anything nothing everything 复合不定代词 用法 例句 something 常用于肯定句中 You can eat something first. anything 常用于否定句及疑问句中 I didn’t eat anything for lunch. Did you eat anything for lunch? 用于肯定句中 You can take anything you like. 复合不定代词 用法 例句 everything 用于肯定句、否定句及疑问句中 Her son is everything to her. Money isn’t everything. How is everything? nothing 用于否定句，相当于not anything I have nothing to say now. = I don’t have anything to say now. 复合不定代词 用法 例句 someone 常用肯定句中 I saw someone in that room. anyone 常用否定句及疑问句中 I didn’t see anyone in the room. Did anyone call me yesterday? 用肯定句中 Anyone can do that. 复合不定代词 用法 例句 everyone 用于肯定句、否定句及疑问句中 Everyone is here today. Everyone doesn’t like the food here. Did everyone in your class go for a trip? no one 常用于否定句中 No one wants to walk to the zoo. some any thing something anything one someone anyone 由some和any构成的复合不定代词，如something, anything等的用法和some和any的用法一样 考点① 肯定句 否定句 疑问句 1. 我想喝点东西。 I want _________to drink. 2.他什么也没说。 He didn't say __________. 3.你需要我从商店带点什么东西吗？ Do you need _________ from the shop? 4.那个派对上的人我一个都不认识。 I don't know ___________at the party. something anything anything anyone 一般 情况 1.当some-复合不定代词可以用于疑问句，表示请求，建议，反问等，问话者希望得到肯定答复； 2.any用于肯定句，表任何，一切。 考点② 二般情况 1. 你想来点喝的吗？ Would you like _________ to drink? 2. 来点喝的怎么样？ How about _________ to drink? 3. 麻烦有没有人帮忙拿一下包呢？ Could _________ help me with my bag please? 4. 他的父母能为他做任何事。 His parents can do _______ for him. 5. 你可以成为任何人，只要你努力。 You could be _________ if you work hard. something something someone anything anyone 复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数 考点③ 1.Something ____ wrong with my watch.(be) 2.Well, everyone _______ to win. (want) 3. Nobody __________ what the weather will be like.(know) 4.There_________ something wrong with my bike.(be) is is wants knows I meet someone interesting. Did you meet anyone interesting? I want something special. Did you eat anything delicious? 形容词修饰复合不定代词，要置于其后。 考点④ 动 3a Fill in the blanks with the words in the box and practice the conversation. Linda: Did you do _________ fun on your vacation, Alice? Alice: Yes, I did. I went to Sanya. Linda: How did you like it? Alice: Well, it was my first time there, so _________ was really interesting. Linda: Did you go with ________? Alice: Yes, I did. I went with my sister. Linda: Did you go shopping? Alice: Of course! I bought________ for my parents, but _________ for myself. anyone something anything everything nothing 方法指导： 首先，应通读对话，掌握短文大意； 其次，回顾一下复合不定代词的用法。 然后，仔细阅读每个句子，根据空格前后的词语进行推敲。比如，第一句话是一个一般疑问句，空格前有do一词，可知空格处应anything 一词，意为“做什么事情”。其他类似。 anything everything anyone something nothing 动 自主探究 1. I bought something for my parents, but nothing for myself. ___________________________________________ Why didn't you buy anything for yourself? ___________________________________________ myself意为_____, yourself 意为_____,像这样表示“某人自己 的词”叫_________。 myself yourself himself herself itself 我自己 你自己 他自己 她自己 它自己 ourselves yourselves themselves 我们自己 你们自己 他们自己 我给父母买了一些东西，但给自己什么也没买。 你为什么不给自己买东西呢？ 我自己 你自己 反身代词 反身代词有： 动 1) Did you buy anything for yourself? 你为你自己买什么东西了吗?（做介词宾语） 2) The old man taught himself English. 那位老人自学英语。（做动词宾语） 3) The thing itself is not important. 事情本身并不重要。（做同位语） 4) I myself visited my aunt last weekend. 上周我自己去拜访了姑姑。(做同位语) 反身代词用法： 动 2. How did you like it? ________________________ 句型：How do/did you like…?意思是“_________”， 相当于What do you think of ...?，和 How do you feel about…? 意为“某人过得……怎么样？”。如： How do you like the TV show? = ____________________ the TV show? 你觉得这个电视节目怎么样？ What do you think of 你觉得它怎么样？ 你觉得…怎样？ anything everyone/ anyone Everything nothing no one 1.Where did Mark go on vacation? 2.How was his vacation? 3.What was the only problem? 4.What did they do there? scc2zbyy19090403 47 anything everyone/anyone Everything nothing no one 称呼， 正文 结束语 When you write an email: “By for now”英语口语，接近“暂时，就此”的意思，常在书信，电邮的结尾出现 scc2zbyy19090403 48 Ask your group questions about their last vacation. Then tell the class your results. Did you… Everyone Someone No one eating anything at a restaurant? read anything interesting? Visit anyone in your family? Buy anything? Keep a diary? 1.keep a diary 记日记 2.at a restaurant在餐馆 3c Report In our group, everyone ate something at a restaurant. No one read anything interesting. Li Lei visited his grandparents in the town. Liu Xue bought something interesting. Xu Li kept a diary. 49 1.Yesterday Mom ________ me some money to buy a dictionary. A. gives B. gave C. has given D. was giving B 一般过去时 2. On January 29th, 2020, Zhong Nanshan and his team _____ over four hours online _____ five patients who were  seriously ill, and made a treatment plan for those patients. A. spent; checking B. spent; to check C. spend; checking D. spend; to check A 3. Sally _______ where she had left the car and the police found it this morning. A. forgot B. has forgotten C. forgets D. had forgotten 4. Eric often ______ his aunt before he moved to the city. A. has visited B. visits C. visited A C 1.________ hopes for a sweet home as it provides us with warmth and trust. A. None B. Everyone C. Nobody D. Somebody (2020·江苏扬州中考) 2. —It’s unbelievable that 5G technology is progressing in such a rapid way! —_______ is impossible. A. Something B. Anything C. Nothing D. Everything (2020湖北宜昌中考) 复合不定代词 B C 3. — Have you asked _________ about the case? — No, except Bob. A. everybody B. anybody C. nobody D. somebody 4. —Sally, I have _______ exciting to tell you. We will go back to school soon. —Great！ A. anything B. something C. everything A B go shopping  购物 keep a diary  记日记 in the countryside  在乡下 feed hens  喂母鸡 *anyone, someone, everyone, no one, anything, something, everything 及 nothing 的用法 *一般过去时的用法及动词过去式的变化 Ⅰ. 从方框中选择合适的词语填空，使每个句子在结构、句意和逻辑上正确。 1. There is _______ in the box. It is empty (空的). 2. ____________ is ready now for the party. Let's start. 3. —Is there __________ important in today's news? —No, there isn't. 4. —Would you like ___________ to eat, Emily? —Yes. Two cakes, please.  something, everything, anything, nothing nothing Everything anything something someone, everyone, anyone, no one 5. —Did _______ call me when I was out, Alice? —Yes. Bob called you.   6. I'm very busy. I want _________ to help me with my work. 7. The game is very popular. __________ is interested in it. 8. —Who helped you clean the classroom yesterday? —_______. I did it all by myself. anyone  someone Everyone No one Ⅱ. 根据短文内容，用括号内所给词语的正确时态填空，使短文完整、通顺。 When I was young I lived in a village near the sea in Scotland (苏格兰). Life (1)_______(be) very different from now. It was the 1930s, so there was no TV, but my family had a radio, and we (2)__________(listen to) it every evening. My parents (3)__________(not have) a car, so I went to school by bicycle — 10 km every day! was listened to didn't have But I (4)___________(not study) very hard, and (5)_______(leave) school when I was fourteen. There were no cinemas near our village, so every Saturday I (6)_______(meet) my friends on the beach and we (7)_______(draw) pictures or letters in the sand all day. When I was fifteen, my parents (8)_______(sell) our house and the family (9)_______(move) to England. I never went back to my village, but I can still (10)_______(hear) the sea lapping (轻拍) on the beach. didn't study left met drew sold moved hear Homework: Compulsory homework(必做作业) 1. 背诵并默写Section A Grammar Focus 中的句子。 2. 预习Section B1a-1d, 默写P4单词。 Optional homework (选做作业) Write about your vacation . For example :Last summer I went to the beach . My vacation was great . I went there by bus and my bus trip was relaxing . The beach was very beautiful . It was sunny, cool and humid .the people were friendly and the food were delicious .I enjoyed my vacation very much and I hope to go there again . Lavf57.25.100 600083.4 $$