U4 grammar(课件)英语沪教牛津版九年级上册

Unit 4 Problems and Advice Grammar 1 What makes a sentence? Sentence elements: subjects（主语）, verbs（谓语）, objects（宾语）, complements（补语） and adverbials（状语） 2 Five basic sentence types: 主 + 谓 ( S + V ) 主 + 谓 + 宾 ( S + V + O ) 主 + 系 + 表 ( S + V + C ) 主 + 谓 + 间宾 + 直宾 ( S + V + IO + DO ) 主 + 谓 + 状 ( S + V + A ) 3 I smile. 主 + 谓 ( S + V ) Subject（主语） 表示句子所要说明或描述的对象。由名词、代词、动名词、不定式充当 S V Verb（谓语） 说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征。由动词或动词短语充当 4 The braces hurt my teeth. S V Object（宾语） 指谓语动作所涉及的人或物。一般由名词或代词充当 主 + 谓 + 宾 ( S + V + O ) O 5 找出下列句子的主语(S)、谓语(V)、宾语(O) 1. Class begins. ( ) ( ) 2. He plays the violin. ( ) ( ) ( ) 3. I drank some juice yesterday. ( ) ( ) ( ) 4. Anna invites me to the party. ( ) ( ) ( ) S V S V O S V O S V O 6 找出下列句子的主语(S)、谓语(V)、宾语(O) 5. It starts to rain. ( ) ( ) ( ) 6. Doing sports helps us keep healthy. ( ) ( ) ( ) 7. They love seeing a film. ( ) ( ) ( ) S V O S V O S V O 7 The braces have brought me so much trouble. S V direct object （直接宾语） 指动作的承受者，一般是物 主 + 谓 + 间宾 + 直宾 ( S + V + IO + DO ) IO DO indirect object （间接宾语） 表示动作是对谁或为谁做，一般是人 8 找出下列句子的主语(S)、谓语(V)、间接宾语(IO)、直接宾语(DO) 1. Henry passed the ball to me. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2. He buys me a bunch of flowers. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 3. They played football yesterday. ( ) ( ) ( ) 4. Anna gives a present to me. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) S V DO IO S V O S V IO DO S V DO IO 9 I feel embarrassed. S V Complement（表语） 表示主语的身份、特征、属性和状态，位于系动词后面。 主 + 系 + 表 ( S + V + C ) C Linking verb（系动词） 系动词本身有一定的含义，不能单独使用。 系动词包括：be动词、感官动词、转变动词、持续动词、表象动词 10 找出下列句子的主语(S)、谓语(V)、表语(C) 1. Her face turned red. ( ) ( ) ( ) 2. They are good students. ( ) ( ) ( ) 3. The chair feels comfortable. ( ) ( ) ( ) 4. We will remain friends. ( ) ( ) ( ) S V C S V C S V C S V C 11 主 + 谓 + 状 ( S + V + A ) I saw a sick lady two days ago. S V O A I am studying at home. S V A adverbial（状语） 说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式或条件等。一般由副词或状语从句充当 12 找出下列句子的状语。 1. Last summer, she travelled around Australia. 2. We will go camping in the mountains. 3. She does homework quickly. 4. Andy reads books carefully. 5. He studies hard, so he passed the exam. 6. Because of the rain, I stayed at home. 13 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补 ( S + V + O + C ) She is driving me mad. S V O C complement（补语） 宾语补足语一般用于对宾语的补充和说明。 14 I try to keep the room tidy. 补充说明本句的宾语the room的状态 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补 ( S + V + O + C ) She makes me angry. 补充说明本句的宾语me的状态 15 Practice makes perfect 16 Exercise 判断下列句子的类型 1. A baby is crying in the bedroom. 2. The boy is swimming. 3. I borrowed a book yesterday. 4. The book seems difficult. 5. I gave a book to my elder sister. 6. We should keep the book clean. 7. Diving is funny. 1. S + V + A 2. S + V 3. S + V + O + A 4. S + V + C 5. S + V + DO + IO 6. S + V + O + C 7. S + V + C 17 Exercise 翻译句子 1.上星期Lily寄了一张明信片给我. (S+V+DO+IO 和S+V+IO+DO ) Lily sent a postcard to me last week. Lily sent me a postcard last week. 2. 妈妈每天给我们做美味的菜肴。(S+V+DO+IO 和S+V+IO+DO ) Mum cooks delicious dishes for us every day. Mum cooks us delicious dishes every day. 3. 我们必须使课室保持干净。(S + V + C) We must keep the classroom clean. 18 Exercise 翻译句子 4.许多人认为爱因斯坦很聪明. (S+V+O+C) Many people consider Einstein to be clever. 5. 我们每天晚饭后都会去散步。(S+V+A) We went for a walk after dinner every day. 6. 她的梦想是成为一名工程师。(S + V + C) Her dream is to be an engineer. 19 Exercise 选择题 1.Linda felt _______ of failing again. A. ashamed B. proud C. excited D. interested 2. She is looking forward to _______her friends. A. meet B. meets C. meeting D. met 3. Pay more attention to _______the environment, please. A. protect B. protecting C. protects D. protection 4. Everyone felt sad _______the bad news. A. because B. because of C. so D. so that 20 Exercise 完成句子 1. 他们担心女儿会遭到同学的嘲笑。 They are worried that their daughter will _________ _________ _________ by her classmates. 2. 你应该为自己再次迟到感到羞愧。 You should _________ _________ _________ _________ late again. 3. 他建议外出野餐。 He _________ _________ out for a picnic. 4. 我父亲手术后下定决心戒烟。 My father _________ _________ _________ _________ to give up smoking after operation. 5. 我昨天才收到你的来信。 I _________ _________ you yesterday. be laughed at feel ashamed of yourself suggested going made up his mind heard from 21 Exercise 语篇填词 I am Amy. My friend Judy wants to be a m__________. She used to be fat. She felt a__________ of herself. Her friends all l__________ at her and said bad things a__________ her. She felt e__________ when she walked. Now, she’s always on a d__________. She’s getting thinner and thinner. I s__________ that she should keep healthy. There are many a__________ in keeping healthy. Whenever I talk to her about this, she gets angry. What should I do in this s__________? odel shamed aughed bout mbarrassed iet uggest dvantages ituation 22 Thank you! 23 $$