Unit 1 A new start Using language 分层练习 -【上好课】2024-2025学年高一英语同步精品课堂（外研版2019必修第一册）

Unit 1 A new start Using language 分层练习 语言知识 一、（2024·高一课时练习）语法填空 1．All exchange students gathered at the school gate，curious___________(explore) the campus. 2．I was so frightened when I saw the ___________polar bear walk towards us that I could hardly struggle to my feet.(frighten) 3．You can’t imagine how she finished the relay race with her foot ___________(wound) so severely. 4．You must make a good ___________(impress) on the judges if you want to be selected. 5．In his journal，he expressed his ___________(eager) to gain the opportunity to go abroad. 6．Though my cousin is ___________to me，his academic performance is superior to mine a lot. 7．In my view，it’s no use arguing with him ___________ the question for he is so stubborn. 8．I was having breakfast with my three children when water started ___________my home. 9．Some beautiful Tang Frescoes left a deep impression on me，which portrayed ___________(figure) vividly by a few lines. 10．Especially interesting is making dumplings，which I think is ___________(particular) attractive to you. 二、（2024·高一课时练习）词性转换 1．___________v．争论，争辩→___________n．争论，争辩 2．___________adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏锐的，聪明的→___________v．削尖；磨快；使尖锐；变锋利→___________adv.急剧地；鲜明地；严厉地 3．___________adj.有智慧的，聪明的→___________n．智慧 4．___________v．查明，调查→___________n．调查 5．___________adj.各种各样的，各种不同的→___________n．多样性，种类→___________v．变化；相异，不同 6．___________n．志愿者 v．自愿做→___________adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的 7．___________v．申请→___________n．申请→___________n．申请者 8．___________v．毕业→___________n．毕业 9．___________adj.受惊的；害怕的→___________vt.使惊吓；吓唬→___________adj.令人恐惧的 10．___________v．挑选，选择→___________n．挑选，选择；选拔 11．___________vt.记住→___________n．记忆力；记忆→___________n．纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物；纪念品 adj.纪念的；悼念的 12．___________v．改进，改善→___________n．进步 13．___________n．(工作或活动中的)表现→___________v．表现；表演→___________n．表演者 三、（2024·高一课时练习）经典句式翻译 1．很荣幸有机会和大家分享关于海洋保护的一些看法。(opportunity) ____________________________________________________________________________________________2．随着工业的快速发展，海洋污染日益严重。(with复合结构) ____________________________________________________________________________________________3．我们都知道，海洋不仅为我们提供了足够的食物，而且还保持了自然界平衡。(not only...but also的倒装) ____________________________________________________________________________________________4．所以我们每个人都要致力于保护海洋。(apply) ____________________________________________________________________________________________5．我相信，只要我们每个人都对海洋保护做出贡献，海洋会更加干净美丽。(confident) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 知识应用 4、 （2024届江苏省宿迁市高三三模）阅读理解 It has been five years since I left my staff job and became self-employed. I remember my terror as I walked out of the office for the last time and the excitement when I sold my first piece days later. Working for yourself, setting your own hours and being responsible for your success or failure are exciting. I left my job just as summer was starting, and my first few months were as blissful as the fair days. When winter came, an office where someone else paid for the heating system and my salary was guaranteed seemed attractive. January is tough for freelancers (自由职业者), and it was no different for me — after masses of work, I earned none. I shared my fears with some businesswomen I knew — what if the reality would be more like what I was experiencing? Whether through choice or circumstance, the number of freelancers is rising and, if you’re just starting out, it is scary. I’ve been lucky that these women making money their own way shared key lessons about what it takes. You can’t feel half-hearted about what you do because, at some point, you’re going to have painful days. When that happens, you have to remember why you wanted this life in the first place. Don’t quit your job for something that you think might be more interesting, quit it for something you can’t stop thinking about. Setting up a business is tough. Rather than waiting until all is perfect, go for the moment when it feels as if momentum (势头) is with you. Look after yourself. There is no sick pay when you are self-employed. You can’t do a bad day’s work and blame it on your boss. You are the backbone of your business and you need to prioritize your health and well-being. Rest regularly and find like-minded people to support you and lift you up when things get hard. Finally, enjoy it. Freedom is yours and, if you can make it work, there is nothing better. 1．How did the author feel when she was self-employed in paragraph 1? A．Pleased. B．Challenged. C．Awful. D．Bored. 2．What bothered the author when winter came? A．Masses of freelance work. B．Failure to meet daily basics. C．The change in her own taste. D．The unexpected cold weather. 3．According to the author, why should we quit for a new job? A．To escape from the current pain. B．To satisfy our temporary interests. C．To pursue what we really desire. D．To explore where our strengths lie. 4．What’s the author’s probable attitude towards becoming freelancers? A．Unclear. B．Critical. C．Favorable. D．Cautious. 五、（2024届山东省五莲县第一中学高三三模）完形填空 I’d been exploring the 40-hectare woods around our cottage my whole life and I knew the way well. So it was a 1 when I found myself lost there. One dull cold February afternoon, I had a sudden 2 to hike the hill with my two daughters. Putting on our snowshoes, we immediately 3 northwestward. While making our way up the hill, my daughters stopped occasionally to investigate unknown plants and to look at the abandoned deer beds… These really made their 4 . As the shadows started to 5 , we moved further up. Soon, weariness began to 6 enthusiasm. We decided to return. Instead of backtracking over our 7 route, I chose to walk down the steep (陡峭的) side of the hill, 8 my general sense that ahead of us lay the stream that would guide us to the road. But as the terrain (地形) leveled out, I had my first major moment of 9 : Where was the stream? Were we off course? I instinctively (本能地) pulled out my phone to get my location, but it 10 in my hand in the cold air. 11 , I started feeling a bit panicky. However, I quickly 12 myself, reassuring my daughters to continue walking. Focusing on the landmarks, I spotted a familiar tree and eventually 13 the road. That winter’s day taught me a valuable lesson about habitual reliance on technology. If my phone had 14 then, I might have directly followed the GPS, ignoring the old 15 of depending on surroundings and life skills. 1．A．challenge B．shock C．reward D．reminder 2．A．discovery B．response C．worry D．urge 3．A．escaped B．drove C．headed D．looked 4．A．reputation B．dream C．day D．way 5．A．lengthen B．swing C．emerge D．fade 6．A．fuel B．witness C．overlook D．outpace 7．A．original B．rough C．offbeat D．roundabout 8．A．appreciating B．trusting C．envisioning D．assessing 9．A．curiosity B．comparison C．doubt D．anticipation 10．A．died B．slipped C．flashed D．rang 11．A．Reportedly B．Admittedly C．Seemingly D．Surprisingly 12．A．exposed B．composed C．defended D．behaved 13．A．got off B．laid down C．came across D．made out 14．A．worked B．remained C．changed D．overheated 15．A．theory B．standard C．practice D．routine 六、（2024届江苏省镇江市丹阳高级中学三模）阅读理解 The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist’s dream. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars. It’s hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated. While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars, policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared. Do we want to copy — or even worsen — the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport — an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing (叫车) services. A study from the University of California suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could significantly reduce carbon emissions and cut the cost of transportation by 2050, which sound pretty appealing. The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as responsibility and maintenance issues. But driverless car ownership could increase as more people become comfortable with the technology. Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it. 1．As for driverless cars, what is the author’s major concern? A．Safety. B．Side effects. C．Affordability. D．Management. 2．According to the author, attention should be paid to how driverless cars can ______. A．help deal with transportation-related problems B．provide better services to customers C．cause damage to our environment D．make some people lose jobs 3．What does the underlined word “fielded” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Shared. B．Replaced. C．Employed. D．Reduced. 4．What is the author’s attitude to the future of self-driving cars? A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Disapproving. D．Sympathetic. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 A new start Using language 分层练习 语言知识 一、（2024·高一课时练习）语法填空 1．All exchange students gathered at the school gate，curious___________(explore) the campus. 2．I was so frightened when I saw the ___________polar bear walk towards us that I could hardly struggle to my feet.(frighten) 3．You can’t imagine how she finished the relay race with her foot ___________(wound) so severely. 4．You must make a good ___________(impress) on the judges if you want to be selected. 5．In his journal，he expressed his ___________(eager) to gain the opportunity to go abroad. 6．Though my cousin is ___________to me，his academic performance is superior to mine a lot. 7．In my view，it’s no use arguing with him ___________ the question for he is so stubborn. 8．I was having breakfast with my three children when water started ___________my home. 9．Some beautiful Tang Frescoes left a deep impression on me，which portrayed ___________(figure) vividly by a few lines. 10．Especially interesting is making dumplings，which I think is ___________(particular) attractive to you.【答案】 1．All exchange students gathered at the school gate，curious to explore(explore) the campus. 2．I was so frightened when I saw the frightening polar bear walk towards us that I could hardly struggle to my feet.(frighten) 3．You can’t imagine how she finished the relay race with her foot wounded(wound) so severely. 4．You must make a good impression(impress) on the judges if you want to be selected. 5．In his journal，he expressed his eagerness(eager) to gain the opportunity to go abroad. 6．Though my cousin is junior to me，his academic performance is superior to mine a lot. 7．In my view，it’s no use arguing with him about/over the question for he is so stubborn. 8．I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. 9．Some beautiful Tang Frescoes left a deep impression on me，which portrayed figures(figure) vividly by a few lines.(应用文写作之宣传稿) 10．Especially interesting is making dumplings，which I think is particularly(particular) attractive to you. 二、（2024·高一课时练习）词性转换 1．___________v．争论，争辩→___________n．争论，争辩 2．___________adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏锐的，聪明的→___________v．削尖；磨快；使尖锐；变锋利→___________adv.急剧地；鲜明地；严厉地 3．___________adj.有智慧的，聪明的→___________n．智慧 4．___________v．查明，调查→___________n．调查 5．___________adj.各种各样的，各种不同的→___________n．多样性，种类→___________v．变化；相异，不同 6．___________n．志愿者 v．自愿做→___________adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的 7．___________v．申请→___________n．申请→___________n．申请者 8．___________v．毕业→___________n．毕业 9．___________adj.受惊的；害怕的→___________vt.使惊吓；吓唬→___________adj.令人恐惧的 10．___________v．挑选，选择→___________n．挑选，选择；选拔 11．___________vt.记住→___________n．记忆力；记忆→___________n．纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物；纪念品 adj.纪念的；悼念的 12．___________v．改进，改善→___________n．进步 13．___________n．(工作或活动中的)表现→___________v．表现；表演→___________n．表演者 【答案】 1．argue v．争论，争辩→argument n．争论，争辩 2．sharp adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏锐的，聪明的→sharpen v．削尖；磨快；使尖锐；变锋利→sharply adv.急剧地；鲜明地；严厉地 3．intelligent adj.有智慧的，聪明的→intelligence n．智慧 4．investigate v．查明，调查→investigation n．调查 5．various adj.各种各样的，各种不同的→variety n．多样性，种类→vary v．变化；相异，不同 6．volunteer n．志愿者 v．自愿做→voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的 7．apply v．申请→application n．申请→applicant n．申请者 8．graduate v．毕业→graduation n．毕业 9．frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的→frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬→frightening adj.令人恐惧的 10．select v．挑选，选择→selection n．挑选，选择；选拔 11．memorise vt.记住→memory n．记忆力；记忆→memorial n．纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物；纪念品 adj.纪念的；悼念的 12．improve v．改进，改善→improvement n．进步 13．performance n．(工作或活动中的)表现→perform v．表现；表演→performer n．表演者 三、（2024·高一课时练习）经典句式翻译 1．很荣幸有机会和大家分享关于海洋保护的一些看法。(opportunity) ____________________________________________________________________________________________2．随着工业的快速发展，海洋污染日益严重。(with复合结构) ____________________________________________________________________________________________3．我们都知道，海洋不仅为我们提供了足够的食物，而且还保持了自然界平衡。(not only...but also的倒装) ____________________________________________________________________________________________4．所以我们每个人都要致力于保护海洋。(apply) ____________________________________________________________________________________________5．我相信，只要我们每个人都对海洋保护做出贡献，海洋会更加干净美丽。(confident) ____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 1．很荣幸有机会和大家分享关于海洋保护的一些看法。(opportunity) It’s my great honor to have the opportunity to share with you my opinions on ocean conservation. 2．随着工业的快速发展，海洋污染日益严重。(with复合结构) With the industry developing rapidly，ocean pollution is becoming more and more serious. 3．我们都知道，海洋不仅为我们提供了足够的食物，而且还保持了自然界平衡。(not only...but also的倒装) As we all know，not only does ocean offer us sufficient food，but also it maintains the balance of nature. 4．所以我们每个人都要致力于保护海洋。(apply) So each of us should apply ourselves to protecting the ocean. 5．我相信，只要我们每个人都对海洋保护做出贡献，海洋会更加干净美丽。(confident) I’m confident that as long as each of us makes a contribution to the ocean protection，the ocean will be cleaner and more beautiful. 知识应用 4、 （2024届江苏省宿迁市高三三模）阅读理解 It has been five years since I left my staff job and became self-employed. I remember my terror as I walked out of the office for the last time and the excitement when I sold my first piece days later. Working for yourself, setting your own hours and being responsible for your success or failure are exciting. I left my job just as summer was starting, and my first few months were as blissful as the fair days. When winter came, an office where someone else paid for the heating system and my salary was guaranteed seemed attractive. January is tough for freelancers (自由职业者), and it was no different for me — after masses of work, I earned none. I shared my fears with some businesswomen I knew — what if the reality would be more like what I was experiencing? Whether through choice or circumstance, the number of freelancers is rising and, if you’re just starting out, it is scary. I’ve been lucky that these women making money their own way shared key lessons about what it takes. You can’t feel half-hearted about what you do because, at some point, you’re going to have painful days. When that happens, you have to remember why you wanted this life in the first place. Don’t quit your job for something that you think might be more interesting, quit it for something you can’t stop thinking about. Setting up a business is tough. Rather than waiting until all is perfect, go for the moment when it feels as if momentum (势头) is with you. Look after yourself. There is no sick pay when you are self-employed. You can’t do a bad day’s work and blame it on your boss. You are the backbone of your business and you need to prioritize your health and well-being. Rest regularly and find like-minded people to support you and lift you up when things get hard. Finally, enjoy it. Freedom is yours and, if you can make it work, there is nothing better. 1．How did the author feel when she was self-employed in paragraph 1? A．Pleased. B．Challenged. C．Awful. D．Bored. 2．What bothered the author when winter came? A．Masses of freelance work. B．Failure to meet daily basics. C．The change in her own taste. D．The unexpected cold weather. 3．According to the author, why should we quit for a new job? A．To escape from the current pain. B．To satisfy our temporary interests. C．To pursue what we really desire. D．To explore where our strengths lie. 4．What’s the author’s probable attitude towards becoming freelancers? A．Unclear. B．Critical. C．Favorable. D．Cautious. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要分享了作者自己成为自由职业者的经历以及对自由职业者的看法。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Working for yourself, setting your own hours and being responsible for your success or failure are exciting. I left my job just as summer was starting, and my first few months were as blissful as the fair days.(为自己工作，设定自己的时间，对自己的成功或失败负责，这些都是令人兴奋的。夏天刚开始，我就离职了，我的头几个月就像晴天一样幸福)”可知，作者为自己工作时感到高兴。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“When winter came, an office where someone else paid for the heating system and my salary was guaranteed seemed attractive. January is tough for freelancers (自由职业者), and it was no different for me—after masses of work, I earned none.(当冬天来临的时候，另一间办公室似乎很有吸引力，那里的供暖系统由别人买单，我的工资也有保障。一月对于自由职业者来说是艰难的，对我来说也一样——在做了大量的工作之后，我一无所获)”可知，冬天来了，不能满足日常基本需求困扰着作者。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Don’t quit your job for something that you think might be more interesting, quit it for something you can’t stop thinking about.(不要因为你认为可能更有趣的事情而辞职，要因为你无法停止思考的事情而辞职)”可知，我们要辞职去找一份新工作是为了追求我们真正渴望的东西。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Finally, enjoy it. Freedom is yours and, if you can make it work, there is nothing better.(最后，享受它。自由是你的，如果你能让它发挥作用，那就再好不过了)”可知，作者对成为自由职业者可能持支持态度。故选C。 五、（2024届山东省五莲县第一中学高三三模）完形填空 I’d been exploring the 40-hectare woods around our cottage my whole life and I knew the way well. So it was a 1 when I found myself lost there. One dull cold February afternoon, I had a sudden 2 to hike the hill with my two daughters. Putting on our snowshoes, we immediately 3 northwestward. While making our way up the hill, my daughters stopped occasionally to investigate unknown plants and to look at the abandoned deer beds… These really made their 4 . As the shadows started to 5 , we moved further up. Soon, weariness began to 6 enthusiasm. We decided to return. Instead of backtracking over our 7 route, I chose to walk down the steep (陡峭的) side of the hill, 8 my general sense that ahead of us lay the stream that would guide us to the road. But as the terrain (地形) leveled out, I had my first major moment of 9 : Where was the stream? Were we off course? I instinctively (本能地) pulled out my phone to get my location, but it 10 in my hand in the cold air. 11 , I started feeling a bit panicky. However, I quickly 12 myself, reassuring my daughters to continue walking. Focusing on the landmarks, I spotted a familiar tree and eventually 13 the road. That winter’s day taught me a valuable lesson about habitual reliance on technology. If my phone had 14 then, I might have directly followed the GPS, ignoring the old 15 of depending on surroundings and life skills. 1．A．challenge B．shock C．reward D．reminder 2．A．discovery B．response C．worry D．urge 3．A．escaped B．drove C．headed D．looked 4．A．reputation B．dream C．day D．way 5．A．lengthen B．swing C．emerge D．fade 6．A．fuel B．witness C．overlook D．outpace 7．A．original B．rough C．offbeat D．roundabout 8．A．appreciating B．trusting C．envisioning D．assessing 9．A．curiosity B．comparison C．doubt D．anticipation 10．A．died B．slipped C．flashed D．rang 11．A．Reportedly B．Admittedly C．Seemingly D．Surprisingly 12．A．exposed B．composed C．defended D．behaved 13．A．got off B．laid down C．came across D．made out 14．A．worked B．remained C．changed D．overheated 15．A．theory B．standard C．practice D．routine 【答案】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和女儿们一起探索自己十分熟悉的树林，返回时他选择了一条不同的下山路线，希望能找到一条小溪作为引导，却迷路了，手机也因为寒冷而无法使用，这让作者感到恐慌。在冷静下来后，他依靠对环境的观察找到了回家的路。这次经历让他意识到过度依赖科技可能会忽视传统的生存技能和环境观察能力。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以当我发现自己迷失在那里时，我很震惊。A. challenge挑战；B. shock震惊；C. reward奖励；D. reminder提醒。根据上文“I’d been exploring the 40-hectare woods around our cottage my whole life and I knew the way well.”可知，作者很熟悉这里的路，因此发现自己迷失在那里时，他会很震惊。故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：二月里一个阴冷的下午，我突然有一种冲动，想和两个女儿一起去爬山。A. discovery发现；B. response回应；C. worry担忧；D. urge冲动。根据下文“to hike the hill with my two daughters”以及接下来叙述的他们的确去爬山了可知，作者是我突然有一种冲动，想和两个女儿一起去爬山。故选D。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：穿上雪鞋，我们立即向西北方向行进。A. escaped逃脱；B. drove驾驶；C. headed朝（某方向）行进；D. looked看。根据上文“to hike the hill with my two daughters”可知，作者是想和两个女儿一起去爬山，因此是向西北方向行进。故选C。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些真的让她们很开心。A. reputation声誉；B. dream梦想；C. day日子；D. way方式。根据上文“my daughters stopped occasionally to investigate unknown plants and to look at the abandoned deer beds”可知，作者的女儿偶尔会停下来调查未知的植物，看看被遗弃的鹿床，可推知她们会很开心，固定短语make one’s day意为“让某人开心”。故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着影子开始拉长，我们继续向上移动。A. lengthen延长；B. swing摇摆；C. emerge出现；D. fade褪色。根据上文“As the shadows started to”可推知，影子应该是开始拉长，表明时间在流逝，天色变晚。故选A。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，疲倦开始超过热情。A. fuel（给……）提供燃料；B. witness目击；C. overlook俯瞰；D. outpace超越。根据下文“We decided to return.”可知，他们准备返回，因此是疲倦开始超过热情。故选D。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我没有沿着原来的路线折回，而是选择沿着陡峭的山坡走下去，相信我的直觉，我们前面有一条小溪，它会指引我们走向大路。A. original原来的；B. rough粗糙的；C. offbeat另类的；D. roundabout迂回的。根据下文“I chose to walk down the steep (陡峭的) side of the hill”可知，作者选择沿着陡峭的山坡走下去，因此是没有沿着原来的路线折回。故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有沿着原来的路线折回，而是选择沿着陡峭的山坡走下去，相信我的直觉，我们前面有一条小溪，它会指引我们走向大路。A. appreciating欣赏；B. trusting相信；C. envisioning想象；D. assessing评估。根据上文“I chose to walk down the steep (陡峭的) side of the hill”和下文“my general sense that ahead of us lay the stream that would guide us to the road”可推知，作者选择一条新的路线是因为相信自己的直觉，认为可以沿着小溪走向大路。故选B。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着地势逐渐平坦，我第一次产生了怀疑：小溪在哪里？我们偏离路线了吗？A. curiosity好奇心；B. comparison比较；C. doubt怀疑；D. anticipation期待。根据下文“Where was the stream? Were we off course?”可知，作者有很多问题，对自己产生了怀疑。故选C。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我本能地掏出手机想要找到我的位置，但手机在冰冷的空气中死机了。A. died停止运转；B. slipped滑倒；C. flashed闪烁；D. rang响起。根据下文“I started feeling a bit panicky”可知，作者开始感到有点恐慌，可推知手机没法使用，应该是在冰冷的空气中死机了。故选A。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：无可否认，我开始感到有点恐慌。A. Reportedly据说；B. Admittedly不可否认地；C. Seemingly表面上；D. Surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据上文“I instinctively (本能地) pulled out my phone to get my location, but it ____10____ in my hand in the cold air.”可知，作者原本想用手机导航，但是手机应该是无法使用，因此不可否认地，作者的确有点恐慌。故选B。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不过，我很快镇定下来，安慰女儿们继续走下去。A. exposed暴露；B. composed使镇静；C. defended辩护；D. behaved行为。根据下文“reassuring my daughters to continue walking”可知，作者安慰女儿们继续走下去，可推知他应该是让自己镇定下来了，固定短语compose oneself意为“使自己镇定下来”。故选B。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：盯着路标，我发现了一棵熟悉的树，终于辨认出了那条路。A. got off下车；B. laid down躺下；C. came across偶遇；D. made out辨认出。根据上文“I spotted a familiar tree”可知，作者发现了一棵熟悉的树，因此可以辨认出回去的那条路。故选D。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我的手机那时还能工作，我可能会直接跟着GPS走，而忽略依赖环境和生活技能的传统做法。A. worked工作；B. remained保持；C. changed改变；D. overheated（使）过热。根据下文“I might have directly followed the GPS”可知，此处是对过去的事实做出相反的假设，指如果那时手机那时还能工作的话，就会直接跟着GPS走。故选A。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我的手机那时还能工作，我可能会直接跟着GPS走，而忽略依赖环境和生活技能的传统做法。A. theory理论；B. standard标准；C. practice通常的做法；D. routine例行公事。根据上文“Focusing on the landmarks, I spotted a familiar tree”可知，作者是通过盯着路标发现熟悉的树，再结合下文“of depending on surroundings and life skills”可推知，此处指依赖环境和生活技能的传统做法。故选C。 六、（2024届江苏省镇江市丹阳高级中学三模）阅读理解 The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist’s dream. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars. It’s hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated. While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars, policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared. Do we want to copy — or even worsen — the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport — an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing (叫车) services. A study from the University of California suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could significantly reduce carbon emissions and cut the cost of transportation by 2050, which sound pretty appealing. The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as responsibility and maintenance issues. But driverless car ownership could increase as more people become comfortable with the technology. Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it. 1．As for driverless cars, what is the author’s major concern? A．Safety. B．Side effects. C．Affordability. D．Management. 2．According to the author, attention should be paid to how driverless cars can ______. A．help deal with transportation-related problems B．provide better services to customers C．cause damage to our environment D．make some people lose jobs 3．What does the underlined word “fielded” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Shared. B．Replaced. C．Employed. D．Reduced. 4．What is the author’s attitude to the future of self-driving cars? A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Disapproving. D．Sympathetic. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有关无人驾驶汽车的发展前景和面临的问题。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.(但无论需要多长时间，这项技术都有可能改变我们的交通系统，或好或坏，这取决于如何对这种转变进行监管)”以及最后一段中“Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. (政策制定者现在应该开始思考，如何确保无人驾驶汽车的出现不会扩大我们今天的汽车控制交通系统的最糟糕方面)”可知，关于无人驾驶汽车，作者最担心的是管理问题。结合选项，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars, policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options.(虽然到目前为止，大部分争论都集中在无人驾驶汽车的安全性上，但政策制定者也应该讨论一下，自动驾驶汽车如何有助于减少交通拥堵、减少排放，并提供更方便、更实惠的出行选择)”可知，作者认为，应该关注无人驾驶汽车如何帮助处理与交通相关的问题。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“A study from the University of California suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could significantly reduce carbon emissions and cut the cost of transportation by 2050, which sound pretty appealing. (加州大学的一项研究表明，到2050年，用电动、自动驾驶和共享系统取代全球汽油驱动的私家车可以显著减少碳排放，降低交通成本，这听起来很有吸引力)”和本句“by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues”可知，无人驾驶汽车拥有排放少和交通便宜的优势，再加上考虑到自动驾驶技术的成本以及责任和维护问题，所以推测第一批商用无人驾驶汽车肯定会采用代驾服务。故划线词应是“采用”类似词义。结合选项，故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.(即将到来的技术进步为城市和州提供了一个发展交通系统的机会，旨在运送更多的人，更实惠。未来的汽车即将到来。我们只需要做好计划)”可推断出，对于无人驾驶车的未来，作者的态度还是比较积极的。故选B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$