内容正文:
读《西游记Journey to the West》画思维导图学英语语法
学冠词
For the next seven years, Sun Wukong lived in Subodhi's temple. The monkey spent
his days listening to his teacher's lessons, and doing chores. One day, while Subodhi was giving a lesson, Wukong started to dance.
Subodhi stood up.“How dare you dance while I'm teaching?" he shouted.
“I'm sorry,”said Wukong.“But I was so happy, I needed to dance!”
Subodhi calmed down.“You' re happy?"
“Yes,”said the monkey.“I love learning from you.”
“Wukong, you have been here a long time. What would you like to learn from me?" asked Subodhi.
Wukong shrugged. “I don't know. You tell me what I should learn.
“Well," said Subodhi,“I can teach you how to tell the future. Would you like that?”
“Maybe,”said Wukong.“Will it make me live forever?”
“Of course not," said Subodhi.
“Then forget it," said Wukong.“Teach me something else.”
“Hmm,”said Subodhi. “How about some magic breathing exercises?"
“Will they make me live forever?”asked Wukong.
“No, said Subodhi, frowning.
“Then I'm not interested," said Wukong.
Subodhi became angry. He stood up and knocked Wukong on the head three times. Then he left the room.
“Wukong,”said another student. “You were very rude to Master!”
The other students all agreed.
Wukong, however, smiled. None of the other students knew it, but Subodhi had given him a secret message.
思维导图学不用冠词的情况
冠词是一类很常用的词,但在以下情况中是不需要加任何冠词的,即a、an、the都不会用到,也叫做零冠词,小学阶段我们看到零冠词的具体情况见下表。
零冠词情况
例句
不可数名词和复数名词表泛指时
Milk is good for your health.
牛奶对身体有好处。
Animals can’t live without water.
动物的生活不能离开水。
某些人名、地名、国家等专有名词之前
Amy is my friend. 艾米是我的朋友。
I live in Beijing. 我住在北京。
I love China. 我住在中国。
名词前已经有this、my、Mary’s 等形式的词修饰时
This pen is blue. 这支钢笔是蓝色的。
My car is green. 我的车是绿色的。
Mary’s hair is short. 玛丽的头发很短。
This is my first time to come to Shanghai.
这是我第一次去上海。
在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前
Miss Smith is a nurse.
史密斯小姐是名护士。
Doctor Wang lives near our school.
王医生住在我们学校附近。
在三餐、球类运动及学科名词之前
I have rice and meat for lunch.
我午餐吃米饭和肉。
He likes to play basketball.
他喜欢打篮球。
Math is my favourite subject.
数学是我最喜欢的学科。
在与by连用的交通工具之前
I go to school by bus in the morning.
早晨我坐公交车去学校。
在星期、明天、昨天、今天、季节等之前
I came here last Friday.
我上周五来这里的。
What will you do tomorrow?
你明天做什么?
It is hot in summer.
夏天很热。
在某些公共假日、节日名称前
Teachers’ Day 教师节
Children’s Day 儿童节
思维导图
小试牛刀
一、用a、an、the或 / 填空。
例:We will go to Beijing by / train.
1. How will you go to Shanghai? By _______ plane.
2. Could you please open _________ window?
3. Look at that big tree. There is _____ bird in _____ tree.
4. I like to read books after ________ dinner.
5. My brother often plays ______ football with his friends.
6. I am ________ nurse. I go to work on _____ foot.
2、 真题再现。
1.They have ___________ lunch at school every day.
A. / B. a
C. the D. an
2.My sister can play ___________ guitar, Jack can play ________ baseball.
A. a;the B. the;a
C. /;the D. the;/
3.Steve likes playing _________drums but he doesn’t like playing _________ baseball.
A. the; the B. /; /
C. /; the D. the; /
4.Peter is good at playing ______ violin, but he isn’t good at _______ chess or basketball.
A. the, the B. a, the C. the, /
5.—Do you go to school by ________ bike every day?
—No, I sometimes takes ________ bus.
A. a; the B. the; a
C. the;不填 D. 不填; a
6._____girl with ______ apple in her hand is my ______ best friend.
A. The, an, the B. The, an, /
C. A, an, / D. A, an, the
7.—What _____useful program it is!
—Yeah. It tells us how to play _____violin. But I like playing ____chess better.
A. a; /; the B. an; the; the
C. a; the; / D. the; /; a
8.They have _____ art festival in May ________ every year.
A. an; in B. an; /
C. a; / D. a; in
9.My brother likes playing___________ping-pong.
A. / B. a
C. an D. the
10.Mr. Wang is _______ engineer. He goes to work by _______ underground every day.
A. an, an B. a, the
C. an, / D. a, an
11.His father often takes _______ train to Beijing , but he wants to get to Beijing by ______ plane today .
A. the ; the B. / ; the
C. the ; / D. / ; /
12.What _______ sunny weather!
A. A B. an
C. the D. /
13.Look at that girl, she is my ____ friend.
A. a B. this
C. that D. /
14.— What's that?
— It's ______ my new English book.
A. a B. an
C. the D. 不填
15.The ruler is ________blue. It's ________ blue ruler.
A. a, / B. /, a
C. a, a D. /, an
16.— Does Jack _____ a TV?
—Yes. He often _____ sports on ______ TV.
A. has; watches; / B. have; watches; /
C. have; watchs; the D. has; watch; the
17.Let's have ________ breakfast.
A. a B. an
C. the D. /
18.The zebra is from ________ Africa. It is ________ African animal.
A. 不填;a B. the; a C. 不填;an
19.Space Wars is an adventure film about how astronauts travel in _____ space.
A. the B. a
C. / D. an
20.The students often play______ basketball in_____ afternoon.
A. \; an B. the; an
C. \; the D. a; the
21._____new study says that going to ______ bed late isn’t good for our health.
A. /; / B. A; /
C. A; the D. The; the
22.This is __English book. We have___English this afternoon.
A. an;an B. /;/
C. an;/ D. /;an
23.— It’s going to rain. You’d better take _____ umbrella.
— Thanks for your suggestion. It often rains in ____ summer.
A. a; the B. an; /
C. the; a D. /; /
24.Ms. Wu will go to ________Japan for ______important meeting next month.
A. a ; the B. the; an
C. /; a D. /; an
25.In the USA, Father's Day falls on _____third Sunday in _____June.
A. the ; / B. the ; a
C. / ; the D. a ; /
思维导图学零不用冠词的情况参考答案
一、1. / 2. the 3. a,the 4. / 5. / 6. a , /
二、1.A。 试题分析:吃午饭是固定短语have lunch,故选A。
2.D。 句意:我妹妹会弹吉他,Jack会踢足球。在乐器前面要加定冠词the,在球类运动前不加冠词。故选D。
3.D。 句意:Steve喜欢打鼓,但是他不喜欢打棒球。乐器前面加the,球类前面不加任何冠词。故选D。
4.C。 句意:Peter擅长拉小提琴,但是他不擅长下棋或者打篮球。乐器前加定冠词the,棋类和球类前不见冠词。故选C。
5.D。 句意:——你每天骑自行车去上学吗?——不,我有时乘公交车。by bike表示骑自行车,中间不加任何冠词;take a bus表示乘公交车,为固定搭配。故选D。
6.B。 句意:手里拿着苹果的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。the表示特指,第一个空表示特指,apple['æp(ə)l]是以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an;在序数词的前面有形容词性的物主代词的时候,前面不加the,根据题意,故选B。
7.C。 句意:——它是一个多么有用的教程呀!——是的,它告诉我们怎样拉小提琴。但是我更喜欢下棋。第一空,“一个有用的教程”,useful是以辅音音素开头的单词,其前应用不定冠词a;第二空,定冠词用在演奏乐器的名称前;第三空,球类棋类前不加冠词。故选C。
8.B。 句意:在每年五月都我们都有一个艺术节。不定冠词a/an“一个”,表示泛指,a用于辅音音素前面,an用于元音音素前面;art以元音音素开头,故用an;every year前不用介词。故选B。
9.A。 考查冠词.句意"我哥哥喜欢打乒乓球.".play+某种球类,中间不加冠词.故选:A.我哥哥喜欢打乒乓球.
10.C。 句意:王先生是一名工程师。他每天乘坐地铁去上班。前空后面的单词engineer以原因因素开头,并且是可数名词的单数形式,故用an;在英语中,表示乘坐某种交通工具,是由“by+交通工具”构成。根据句意,故选C。
11.C。 句意:他的父亲经常乘火车去北京,但今天他想乘飞机去北京。take the train表示乘火车;by plane表示乘飞机。故选C。
12.D。 分析句子,结合选项,推测意思是多么晴朗的天气啊!这是一个感叹句,中心词是后面的不可数名词weather,用what且不能用冠词. 故选:D.多么晴朗的天气啊!
13.D。 句意:看那个女孩,她是我的朋友。名词前有形容词性物主代词修饰时,不能添加指示代词和冠词。my friend是形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故选D。
14.D。 句意:——那是什么?——它是我的新英语书。英语中代词不与冠词连用,空后面是物主代词my,所以不用冠词。故选D。
15.B。题意:这把尺子是蓝色的。这是一把蓝色的尺子。第一句blue蓝色的,是形容词,前面不用加冠词;第二句blue ruler蓝色的尺子,属于名词短语,前面加不定冠词a,表示类别或数量一。故选B。
16.B。 句意:——Jack有一台电视吗?——是的。他经常在电视上看比赛。have有“有,吃喝”之意,has是have的单数第三人称形式。前句主语虽然是单三人称,但是在借助助动词does构成的一般疑问句中,动词用原形,故填have;第二句的主语he是单数第三人称,故动词watch用单数第三人称形式watches;on TV在电视上,是固定搭配,之间不加任何冠词。结合句意,故选B。
17.D。 此题考查零冠词用法,零冠词就是不用冠词,定冠词是the,the表示特指,或者是同一事物第二次提到时用the,球类,棋类前面不加the,乐器前面要加the,最高级前面要加 the;a 、an 是不定冠词,都表示一个,a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前, 三餐前不用冠词.此题表示早餐,不用冠词.故选:D.让我们吃早饭吧.
18.C。
19.C。 根据句意:太空战争是一部关于宇航员如何在太空旅行的冒险电影.可知考查短语in space在太空.固定短语,不加冠词. 故选:C.太空战争是一部关于宇航员如何在太空旅行的冒险电影.
20.C。 句意:学生们在下午经常打篮球。a ,an,the三者都是冠词.a,an 是不定冠词,表泛指,译为“一个”,a用在辅音音素开头的单词前面;an用于以元音音素开头的单词前;the是定冠词,表特指,译“这个,那个,这些,那些”;在球类面前不加任何成分,是零冠词。由题干知“打篮球”不用冠词,即“play basketball”,所以第一个空格不填。因定冠词用于每天的上午、下午、晚上之前,在下午,可译为“in the afternoon”,所以第二个空格用the。根据句意及语境,故选C。
21.B。 句意:一项新的研究表明,晚睡不利于我们的健康。一项研究a new study,go to bed睡觉,故选B。
22.C。 句意:这是一本英语书,今天下午我们上英语。此题考查用不定冠词a/an以及零冠词。an用于以元音音标开头的单词前; a用于辅音音标开头的单词前;English是以元音音标开头的单词,因此用an;科目名词前不加冠词,故选C。
23.B。 句意:——快要下雨了,你最好拿个雨伞吧。——谢谢你的建议,夏天经常下雨。第一空泛指带一把伞,因umbrella是元音音素开头单词,故用an;第二空固定搭配。故选B。
24.D。 句意:吴女士下个月要去日本开一个重要会议。go to Japan去日本;不用冠词,important 元音音素开头,故用冠词an,故选D。
25.A。 句意:在美国,父亲节在6月的第三个星期天来到。序数词前要有定冠词the,月份前无冠词,故选A。
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