内容正文:
读《西游记Journey to the West》画思维导图学英语语法
学冠词
Monkey sailed over the sea for a long time. He arrived at a new land. He visited towns and met people. But he didn't find a sage anywhere. Finally he came to a mountain. A woodcutter was chopping firewood.
“Hello,”said Monkey.“Are there any sages in these mountains?”
“You're . . . a monkey!”he said.“And you re talking!”
“Yes, I am,”said Monkey.“And I want to live forever. Do you know where I can find a sage?"
“Well, yes," he said.“A sage named Subodhi lives on this mountain. He is very wise.”
Monkey was excited.“Where can I find him?"
“Just follow this trail, and you will come to his home," said the woodcutter.
“Thank you!”said Monkey.
Subodhi was sitting with his students in the main room of his temple. He looked at
his oldest student.
“Please go to the door,”said Subodhi. “A new student is about to arrive. Let him in.”
The student looked confused. “Okay, Master," he said.
The student got up and went to the door of the temple. He looked outside.
“Hello!”called Monkey.“I'm here to see Subodhi!"
A moment later Monkey was standing in front of the sage.
“I want to be your student,”said Monkey.
“But you're just a monkey,”said Subodhi.“How can you be my student?”
Monkey laughed.“I might be a monkey. But I can walk and talk and do many other
things. I traveled almost 13 years to get here. I m sure I can be your student."
Subodhi stared at Monkey for a moment. “Who are your parents?”he asked.
Monkey scratched his head.“I don 't have parents,”he said.“I was born from a rock.”
“Interesting,”said Subodhi. “You were probably created by Heaven and Earth. You
may be my student. You need a name." He thought for a moment.“I will call you Sun
Wukong.”
思维导图学定冠词
冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。不定冠词就是我们前面学过的a和an,定冠词就是我们常用的the,今天就来和佩奇一起学习一下the的用法。
the的基本用法
用法
示例
用于特指的人和物之前
A moment later Monkey was standing in front of the sage.
过了一会儿,猴子站在圣人面前。
用于上文已提到过的人或物之前
The student looked confused.
那个学生看起来有些困惑。
用于双方都知道的人或物之前
“Please go to the door,”said Subodhi.
“请到大门口去。”菩提老祖说。
用于世界上独一无二的事物之前
The sun is shining. It is a very hot day.
太阳发出耀眼的光。这是个炎热的一天。
用于序数词或形容的最高级之前
It's the first time I have been in the car at night.
这是我第一次在车里过夜。
He is the tallest boy in our class.
他是我们班最高的男孩子。
用于某些专有名词之前
the U.S. 美国 the U.K. 英国
the Great Wall 长城 the Summer Palace 故宫
用于乐器名词之前
play the violin 拉小提琴
play the piano 弹钢琴
用于某些固定短语中
in the morning/ afternoon / evening
在上午/下午/晚上
关于a、an、the的选择技巧
首先通过翻译句子,如果翻译中加上“一个、一颗、一座、一头……”等语句较通顺时,则应在a和an之间进行选择。
翻译中如果加上“这个、那个”较通顺时,则应该选择the。
记忆the的常见用法。
思维导图
小试牛刀
一、用a、an、the填空。
1. Look at __________ moon. It’s very bright (明亮).
2. I often read English in _________ evening.
3. This is ______ orange, and that is ________ banana.
4. Mike is always _________ first one to get to school.
5. Let’s go to _______ zoo on foot.
6. He likes to read books in _______ evening.
7. There is ______ big tree in front of my house.
二、真题再现。
1. Tommy has __________ e-dog, and _________ e-dog is very interesting
A. a; a B. an; an
C. an; the D. the; an
2.I can play ______piano but I can’t play _______chess.
A. the ;the B. /;/
C. the ;/ D. /;the
3.I like playing _____ football and he likes playing ____piano.
A. a , the B. the , the
C. / , the D. a, a
4.Mr Philip has made ______ survey on students’ lunchtime, and ______ survey shows us a lot of problems.
A. an; an B. the; the
C. a; the D. the; a
5.Steve likes playing _________drums but he doesn’t like playing _________ baseball.
A. the; the B. /; /
C. /; the D. the; /
6.— Mike, is __________ soccer ball on the desk yours?
— No. It’s Paul’s.
A. a B. an
C. the D. /
7.Lily, don’t have ____ breakfast before the TV set. You must have meals at ____ table.
A. /, the B. the, a
C. the, / D. /, a
8.They are ________ same.
A. the B. a
C. an D. her
9.Neil is from ________UK. He hopes to be_______ engineer like his father in the future.
A. a; the B. an; the
C. the: a D. the: an
10.—_____ last lesson is very long, right?
— Yeah! It’s about ______ hour.
A. A; an B. The; a
C. The; an D. An; a
11.— Look! There is _________hospital near the post office.
— Oh! _________ hospital is very big.
A. a; A B. /; A
C. /; The D. a; The
12.—What can you do, Lingling?
—I can __________.
A. play the football B. ride bike
C. play the piano D. play a basketball
13.—Look! Who’s ________ man over there?
—Oh, he’s ________friend of my father’s. I call him Uncle Zhang.
A. the; the B. a; the
C. the; a D. a; a
14.He became very famous in ____ 1860s.
A. about B. the
C. an D. /
15.__________man on the sofa is my uncle.
A. A B. An C. The
16.—Do you like __________ movie Gone with the Wind?
—No,it is __________ old movie.I don't like it.
A. a; an B. the; an
C. a; the D. the; a
17.—Lily is coming by ________ plane tomorrow.
—Let's go to ________airport to meet her.
A. /; the B. /; an C. the; the D. a; a
18.一Millie, Here is ________river, what can you see on the other side of ________river?
一Oh,________elephant is standing over there.
A. a; the; an B. a; a; the
C. the; a; the D. the; the; an
19.—Excuse me, is there _______ post office in this street?
—Yes. It is near _______ third traffic lights.
A. a; the B. a; a
C. the; a D. the; the
20.— Tom is coming by____ train tomorrow.
—Let’s go to____ station to meet him.
A. /;the B. the;/
C. a; the D. the; a
21.______ number of students in my class is forty-one.
A. The B. A C. /
22.Hu Xianxu, ______ 18-year-old boy, plays a role as a rebellious (叛逆的) boy on ______ popular TV show Old Boy.
A. a; the B. an; the C. a; a
23.Nanjing is ______ beautiful city. It is _____provincial capital of Jiangsu and _____city has many places of interest.
A. a; the; a B. the; the; a
C. a; the; the D. the; a; the
24.My classroom is on ________ floor.
A. twelve B. twelfth
C. the twelve D. the twelfth
25.I can see ______ email on the computer. _____ email is from Mr. Johnson.
A. the; The B. a; The
C. an; The D. the; The
思维导图学定冠词参考答案
一、1. the 2. the 3. an, a 4. the
5. the 6. the 7. a
二、1. C。 第一次提到某物时,用an或a,又根据"后接元音音标,用an,否则用a,"第二次再提到某物时,用定冠词the,故选C
2. C。 句意:我能弹钢琴,但是我却不会下棋。play后面接名词时,在表示乐器的名词前通常要加定冠词,但在表示球类运动或棋类的名词前通常不加任何冠词。故选C。
3. C。 试题分析:句意:我喜欢踢足球,他喜欢弹钢琴。考查动词play与球类名词连用时不加任何冠词;与琴类名词连用的时候要加定冠词the,故选C。
4. C。 试题分析:句意:菲利普先生已经做了一个关于学生午餐的调查,并且这个调查展示出了许多问题。分析句意:做调查第一次提到,并且调查为数名词,因此用不定冠词a; 第二次提到调查是特指,因此用定冠词the,故选 C
5. D。 句意:Steve喜欢打鼓,但是他不喜欢打棒球。乐器前面加the,球类前面不加任何冠词。故选D。
6. C。 不定冠词a与an表泛指,定冠词the表特指。据题意特指桌子上的那个球,故选C。
7. A。 句意为:李莉,不要在电视机前吃早餐,你得在餐桌吃饭。在一日三餐名词前不用定冠词,at table指在桌子吃饭,at the table指在桌边(坐着)。结合语境可知应选A。
8. A。 答案:A。考查冠词。句意"他们是相同的。".the same一样。固定搭配。答案是A。 他们是相同的。
9. D。 句意:Neil来自英国。未来他希望成为像他爸爸那样的一名工程师。the UK英国,是固定搭配;后空后面的单词engineer是以元音音素开头的单词,故前面用不定冠词an。根据句意,故选D。
10. C。 句意:——最后一节课很长,对吗?——是的,大约一个小时。第一空特指“最后一节课”,用定冠词the;第二空表示一个小时,,hour音标的第一个音素是元音,用不定冠词an。故选C。
11. D。 句意:——看!在邮局附近有一个医院。——哦!医院非常大。第一空表示是泛指一个医院,因此应用不定冠词a/an,hospital是以辅音音素开头的单词,因此应用a;第二空表示特指这个医院,应用定冠词the,故选D。
12. C。 句意:——玲玲,你会做什么?——我会弹钢琴。play与球类单词连用时不加冠词,故排除AD;ride加交通工具时,需加修饰词,故排除B;play后接乐器名词时,需加定冠词the。根据语境,故选C。
13. C。 句意:——看!那边的那位男士是谁?——他是我父亲的一个朋友。我叫他张叔叔。第一空表特指,用the;第二空后面friend是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用a。故选C。
14. B。 句意:他在十九世纪六十年代变得非常著名。in the+年代+s,这是英文中年代的表达方式。故选B。
15. C。考查定冠词。句意"沙发上的那个男人时我的叔叔。",沙发上的那个男人,表示特指,因此用定冠词the。a修饰以辅音音素开头的单词,an修饰以元音音素开头的单词。答案是the。
沙发上的那个男人是我的叔叔。
16. B。根据Do you like __________ movie Gone with the Wind可知,在问句中这里特指Gone with the Wind这部电影,应使用定冠词the。再根据it is __________ old movie可推测,此处泛指一部老电影,表示"一个",应用a/an。又知a/an 的用法:a用于辅音音素开头的词前,an用于元音音素开头的词前,且old[əʊld]是以元音音素开头的,所以此处应用an。故选B。
——你喜欢看"乱世佳人"这部电影吗?
——不,它是一部老电影,我不喜欢它。
17. A。本题考查冠词的用法.联系语境,根据 by plane 可知这是出行方式的固定表达,by+交通工具,中间不加任何冠词;根据 go to airport to meet her可知是指去接她的机场,是特指,所以应该用定冠词the.综上所述,故选A.
-Lily明天将乘飞机来.
-让我们去机场接她.
18. A。 句意:——米莉,这里有条河,你能在河的另一边看到什么?——哦,一头大象正站在那儿。第一个空,泛指一条河,river是以辅音音素开头的,用a修饰;第二个空,特指那条河,用the;第三个空,泛指一头大象,elephant是以元音音素开头的,用an修饰。答案是A。考查冠词,冠词包括定冠词the,通常表示特指。不定冠词a和an,a修饰以辅音音素开头的单词,an修饰以元音音素开头的单词,要根据语境完成试题。
19. A。 句意:——打扰了,这条街上有一家邮局吗?——有。它在第三个交通灯附近。泛指一家邮局,且post是读音以辅音音素开头的单词,因此第一个空用a;third第三,序数词前用定冠词the。故选A。
20. A。 句意:——Tom明天乘火车来。——让我们去车站接他吧。by+交通工具,中间没有任何冠词;不定冠词a/an用在名词前表泛指,定冠词the用在名词前表特指,此处表示特指“火车站”。故选A。
21. A。 答案:A。a 是不定冠词,表泛指,译为"一个",a用在辅音音素开头的单词前面;the是定冠词,表特指,译为"这,那,这些,那些".number of "许多,数目,若干",the number of表示"……的数量",跟复数名词连用作主语时,中心词是number,谓语动词要用单数。a number of表示"许多",相当于 many,修饰可数名词复数。作主语时,谓语动词用复数。number前可用large,small等修饰,以表示程度。又因is"是"是第三人称的单数形式。故前面空用定冠词the,由题干"在我们班学生的数目是41."可知,故答案选择A。
在我们班学生的数目是41.
22. B。 句意:胡贤旭,一个18岁的男孩,在流行的电视节目《老男孩》中扮演叛逆男孩的角色。a/an不定冠词,用来泛在某人、某物。a用在辅音音素前;an用在元音音素前。the定冠词,用来特指某人、某物;18-year-old boy元音音素开头,要用an。根据句意,故选B。
23. C。 句意:南京是一个美丽的城市,它是江苏省的省会,这个城市有许多风景名胜。单数名词city前面要用不定冠词,泛指“一个”;特指江苏省的省会要用定冠词the;再次提到上文说的城市要用定冠词the。故选C。
24. D。 句意:我的教室在12楼。表示在哪一个楼层用序数词,序数词前加the,故选D。
25. C。 句意:我能看见电脑上的一封电子邮件。这封电子邮件是来自Johnson先生的。不定冠词a/an泛指“一个”,以元音音素开头的单词前用an,以辅音因素开头的单词前用a;定冠词the表示特指;第一个空表示泛指,email是以元音音素开头的单词,故用不定冠词an;上文提到的下文再次提到用定冠词,故选C。
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