Unit2单词详解 2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语上册

八年级英语上册Unit2单词详解 ★housework(U)n.家务劳动，家务事(复合名词) ◆homework(U)n.家庭作业 ◆schoolwork(U)n.功课，学业 ◆paperwork (U)n.文书工作，文件 ●do (the) housework做家务 →I spent all morning doing the housework.(宾语) 我整个上午都在做家务。 →I don’t like doing housework.我不爱干家务。 →It’s difficult to do housework〔with the children under my feet all the time〕.(“with复合结构”作原因状语) 有孩子在身边缠着，我很难做家务事。 →Housework is a waste of their time.(主语)做家务是在浪费他们的时间。 →Maybe she can help with housework, too.(介宾) 或许她也可以帮忙做家事。 →I help my mother with her housework sometimes. 我有时候就帮妈妈做做家务。 →Do you find housework tiring and boring?(find＋宾语＋宾补/形容词短语) 你是否觉得家务活又累又烦？ ★hardly(adv.)几乎不，几乎没有(程度状语)(否定副词)(行前，系后情助后) ●work hard努力工作(动词短语) ●hard work辛苦的工作(艰辛)(名词短语) →The children were so excited they could hardly speak.（that略） 孩子们兴奋得几乎连话都说不出来了。 →I can hardly believe it.这简直让我难以置信。 →There was hardly any (=very little) traffic.路上车少人稀。 →Dad ate hardly anything (=almost nothing)，did he? 爸爸几乎没吃什么东西，是吗？ ★ever(adv.)在任何时候，从来，曾经(时间状语) →You never ever offer to help! 你从来都不主动帮忙！ →Nothing lasts for ever.没有什么是永恒的。 →As ever, Joe was late. 同往常一样，乔又迟到了。 →If you’re ever in Seattle, come and see me.如果你什么时候到了西雅图，就来看我吧。 →Did you ever see him while you were in Paris?. 你在巴黎时曾见过他吗? →Nobody ever comes to this part of the country. 没有人曾经来过该国这个地区 →Have you ever been to Paris?你去过巴黎吗？ →I don’t think I’ve ever been here before.（否定转移） 我觉得我以前从未到过这里。 ★hardly ever几乎从不(副词短语/频度状语) ●always＞usually＞often＞sometimes＞seldom＞hardly ever＞never（很少） →We hardly ever go out.我们几乎从不出门。 →She lives in Spain, so we hardly ever (=almost never) see her. 她住在西班牙，所以我们几乎见不到她。 ★once(adv.)一次，曾经 ●at once立刻，马上；同时(时间状语) ●once upon a time从前,很久以前(时间状语) →Class meetings take place once a week.(频度状语) 班会每周举行一次。 →Once there lived an old man in a village. (时间状语)从前在一个村子里住著一位老人 →a once-famous doctor 一位曾享有盛名的医生 ★twice(adv.)两次，两倍 ●think twice(在决定做某事之前)再三考虑，慎重考虑（三思） →We go camping twice a year.我们每年去宿营两次。 →The milkmaid milks the cows twice a day. 挤奶女工一天两次为奶牛挤奶。 →I'm〔twice〕your age. = I'm〔twice〕as old as you are.(程度状语) 我的年龄比你大一倍 ★Internet(n.)互联网，因特网(专有名词，与the连用) ●on the Internet在网上，通过因特网 ●surf the Internet上网，网上冲浪 →You can find all kinds of information 〔on the Internet〕.(介词短语作方式状语) 在因特网上你可以找到各种信息。 →He bought the chairs〔on the Internet〕. 他从网上买了这些椅子。 →More and more companies are using the Internet to trade.(宾语) 越来越多的公司在使用因特网做生意。 →I went〔on the Internet〕to find some information for my assignment.（地点状语） 我上网查找资料来写作业。 ★program(C)n.(广播/电视)节目(=programme) →What’s your favourite television programme?(主语) 你最喜欢的电视节目是什么？ →There’s a programme about(on) killer whales next.(主语) 接下来要播放一个关于虎鲸的节目。 ●see/watch a programme （观）看节目 ★full(adj.)忙的(同busy)，满的(充满的)(反empty)，饱的(反hungry) ●be full of充满(同be filled with) →I have a full day tomorrow.(定语) 我明天的事排得满满的。 →a full cup of tea 一满杯的茶 →Don’t talk〔with your mouth full〕.(with+宾语+宾补/with复合结构作方式或伴随状语） 嘴里塞满东西时不要说话。 →Life’s full of surprises, isn’t it?(表语)生活中总是有各种意想不到的事，对吧？ ★swing(C)n.摆动，秋千(vt./vi.)(使)摆动，摇摆 ●swing dance摇摆舞 →kids《playing on the swings》荡秋千的孩子们(现在分词短语作后置定语) →It's dangerous to jump off the swing.（不定式短语作真正的主语） 从秋千上跳下来是很危险的。 →walk〔with a swing〕 摇摇摆摆地走（介词短语作方式状语） →Let your arms swing as you walk.(宾补) 边走边摆动双臂。 →a sign《swinging in the wind》(现在分词短语作定语)在风中摇摆的指示牌 ★maybe(adv.)大概，或许，可能(美国英语，口语常用。英国英语用perhaps，比较正式)(可能性约50%) →Maybe we can find a way out.(句子副词/评注状语) 或许我们能想出一个办法来。 ❈way out(C)n.出路，解决问题的方法 →Maybe I can ride the bicycle and follow you.也许我可以骑自行车跟着你。 →He looked like he was thirty, maybe thirty-five years old. 他看上去有30岁，也许35岁。 ★least①(adv.)最小，最少②(adj.)③(pron.)最小的，最少的 →He's the least clever in the class. (adv./程度状语)(参与构成最高级) 他在班上最不聪明。 →He chose the least expensive hotel. 他挑了一家最便宜的酒店。 →He is the best teacher,even though he has the least experience.(adj./定语) 他虽然经验最少，却是最出色的老师。 →He used to wake〔at the least noise〕.(介词短语作原因状语） 他以前总是有一点点动静就会醒过来。 →How others see me is the least of my worries.(pron.)(表语) 别人怎样看我，我一点儿都不在乎。 →It's the least《I can do to help》.(定语从句) 这是我所能帮忙做的最起码的事。 ★at least至少，不少于，起码(程度状语) ◆at most至多 →It will take you at least 20 minutes to get there. 到那里至少要花20分钟。 →At least he didn’t lie to me. 至少他没跟我撒谎。 ★junk(U)n.无用的东西，无价值的东西(垃圾) →This cupboard’s full of junk.(介宾) 这个壁橱里塞满了杂物。 →I bought this old table in a junk shop. (定语) 我在旧货店里买了这张旧桌子。 ★junk food垃圾食品 →He threw out all my junk food. 他把我的垃圾食品全都扔了。 →Hamburgers are a kind of junk food. 汉堡是垃圾食物。 ★coffee(U/C)n.(一杯)咖啡 →Do you want a cup of coffee? 你要来杯咖啡吗？ →Do you like your coffee white (=with milk) or black? (=without milk)（形容词短语作宾补） 你的咖啡要加奶还是不加奶？ →Let's have a coffee. 我们喝杯咖啡吧 →They ordered two coffees. (指种类和份数时是可数名词) 他们叫了两杯咖啡。 ★health(U)n.健康 ⇔healthy(adj.)健康的，unhealthy(adj.)不健康的 ⇔healthily(adv.)健康地(eat～)；unhealthily(adv.)有病地，不健康地 ●(be/stay/keep) in good health(保持)健康 ●be/stay/keep healthy保持健康 ●in poor health不健康(unhealthy) →I’m worried about my husband’s health.(介宾) 我担心我丈夫的健康状况。 →Early rising is good for your health. 早起对你的健康有益。 ★result(C)n.结果，后果 ●as a result结果，因此(插入语/连接状语) ●as a result of因为，作为……的结果(原因状语) →Accidents are usually the result of driving too fast. 车祸通常是开车太快的结果。 ★percent(n.)(=per cent)百分之……(没有复数形式) →Eighty percent of the park is desert.(主语) 公园中百分之八十是沙漠。 →a 10 percent increase in house prices 10%的房价上涨 →The decrease in sales was almost 20 percent.(表语) 销售量差不多减少了20％。 ★online(adj.)(adv.)在线(的)，联网(的) ●go online上网 →All the city’s schools will be online by the end of the year.(表语) 到年底，市里的所有学校都会连接因特网。 →Instead of writing letters on paper, people communicate by sending e-mails and chatting〔on line〕.(方式状语) 人们交流时不再用纸写信，而是发送邮件或在网上聊天。 ❈instead of代替，而不是 →set up an online business/library(定语) 开一家网店/网上图书馆 ★television(U/C)n.电视节目，电视机 →Lucy turned on the television to watch the evening news.(介宾) 露西打开电视观看晚间新闻。 →In the evenings I like to relax and watch television.(动宾) 晚上，我喜欢放松下来，看看电视。 →What’s on television tonight?(在电视上播放) 今晚有什么电视节目？ ★although(conj.)虽然，尽管，即使(不和but连用，可以连用yet, still)(引导让步状语从句) →Athough it was cold, he did not make a fire in the stove. 虽然很冷,他还是没有升起火炉 →Although she felt ill, she still went to work. 她虽然觉得身体不舒服, 但仍然去上班了。 →Although he tried his best, he lost again this time. 尽管他尽了全力，但是这次又输了。 ★through(prep.)以，凭借(手段/媒介等)；穿过，透过 →He got the job〔through my help〕. (方式状语) 他经由我的帮助找到那个工作 →I heard about it〔through a friend〕. 我是从一个朋友那里听说此事的。 →We made our way through the village to the farm.(地状)（行进） 我们穿过村庄来到了农场。 →She smiled at him as he walked 〔through the door〕.(地状) 他从门口进来时，她朝他笑了。 →I could see her〔through the window〕.(地状) 我透过窗户看到了她。 ★mind①(U/C)n.头脑，思想；心智②(vt.)介意 ●change one's mind改变主意 ●make up one's mind下定决心，拿定主意 →A plan began to form in his mind. 一个计划开始在他的头脑里形成。 →The event is still fresh in most people’s minds. 此事大多数人还记忆犹新。 →Mind and body are closely related. 思想和肉体紧密相连。 →She has a quick mind.她思维敏捷。 →Would you mind my joining the sports club?（动名词复合结构作宾语） 你介意我加入运动俱乐部吗？ ★body(C)n.身体(pl.→bodies) →My fingers were numb and my whole body ached.(主语) 我手指麻木，浑身疼痛。 →Your body temperature is higher in the daytime than at night.(定语) 人的体温白天高于夜晚。 →Because your body is not used to that.(主语) 因为你的身体不习惯这样。 ★such(adj.)(pron.)这样的，那样的，类似的(作为形容词，修饰名词或名词短语) →They’re such nice people.(定语) 他们真是好人。 →It’s such a long way from here. 它离这儿太远了。 →I felt such an idiot. 我觉得自己太傻了。 →there’s no such person/thing 没有那样的人/物 →Such are the results. 结果就是那样(代词作主语) →Such is life.人生就是这样。 ★such as(习语)例如(引出同位语)，像……这样(后置定语) →Cartoon characters such as Mickey Mouse and Snoopy are still popular.(后置定语) 米老鼠、史努比等卡通人物仍然流行。 ★together(adv.)在一起，共同(方式状语) ●together with→与...一起 →He and my father were at school together. 他和我父亲一起上过学。 →They decided to spend more time together. 他们决定要花更多时间在一起。 →Before we all worked together, we laughed together. 之前我们一起工作, 我们一起欢笑 →Together, we will make America strong again.（宾补） 携起手来，我们要让美国再次强大。 ★die(vi.)消失，灭亡，死亡 ⇔dead(adj.)死的 ⇔dying(adj.)垂死的 ⇔death(U/C)n.死亡(事件) →He died in 1985 at the age of 76. 他1985年去世，终年76岁。 →Her father died suddenly in an accident when she was only ten. 她年仅10岁时父亲突然死于一场意外事故。 →She died young, at the age of 27.（形容词作状语） 她27岁英年早逝。 →My uncle died a hero.（名词短语作状语） 我叔叔死得很英勇。 →Did she die a natural death? 她是自然死亡吗？(同源宾语) →He died from overwork. 他死于工作过劳。(外因) →Mr. Black died of pneumonia today in hospital. 布拉克先生因肺炎今天死于医院。(内因) ★writer(C)n.作者，作家 ⇔write(vt./vi.)写，写作(wrote/written) →a writer of children’s stories 儿童故事作家 →a science-fiction writer科幻小说作家 →He is the writer of the letter. 他就是写这封信的人。 ★dentist(C)n.牙科医生 ●go to the dentist去看牙医 →I hate going to the dentist. 我讨厌去看牙医。 →I'm afraid to go to the dentist. 我害怕去看牙医。 →The dentist pulled the wrong tooth for him. 牙医帮他拔了错了牙。 ★magazine(C)n.杂志，期刊 →He held a magazine in his hand. 他手里拿着一本杂志。 →You can share newspapers, books and magazines. 你可以分享报纸、书籍和杂志。 →They are talking about a magazine article. 他们在谈论杂志中的文章。 ★however(adv.)然而，不过(插入语/连接状语)(句首，句中或句末，用逗号隔开，转折/对比关系)(连接副词) →Later, however, he made up his mind to do that. 可是,后来他就下定决心去做了 →However, I will do it in my own way. 可是,我将照我的方式去做 ★than(prep.)(conj.)比(比较状语) →She is more beautiful than us all. (prep.) 她比我们大家都漂亮 →I like you better than him. 我喜欢你甚于喜欢他 [你比他更讨我喜欢] →I like you better than he (does). (conj.) 我比他更喜欢你 →She woke even earlier than usual.(固定搭配) 她甚至比平时醒得更早。 ★more than多于(副词短语/程度状语) →There are more than 20 pupils《playing the computer games》in Class 1 Grade 2.（现在分词短语作后置定语） 在二年级一班有20多名学生玩电脑游戏。 →More than half of the class joined the English club. 班级里有一多半的学生加入了英语俱乐部。 ★almost(adv.)几乎，差不多(不和not，very连用)(程度状语) →Supper’s almost ready.晚饭就要做好了。 →It is almost midnight.午夜将至。 →He’s almost as old as I am. 他差不多跟我一样大。 →Marsha visits her son almost every day. 玛莎几乎每天都去看望儿子。 →Almost no one believed that he was sick. 几乎没有人相信他病了 →Almost all the people take interest in the new TV program. 几乎所有的人都对这个新的电视节目感兴趣。 ★none(pron.)没有一个，毫无(一点儿也没有，一个也没有) →None of our passengers can change this note.(主语) 我们的乘客中没人能换开这张钞票。 →None of them (the students) know（或knows）anything about it yet. 他们(那些学生)之中还没有人知道那件事。 →None of the milk is fresh.牛奶都不新鲜了。 →How many students are there in the dining room now? None!一个也没有！ →How much milk is there in the bottle? None！一点儿也没有了！ ★less(adv.)较少，较小(adj.)(pron.)较少的，更少的 ●less and less越来越少 →Talk less,do more.少说，多做。(程度状语) →less expensive/often价钱较便宜/不那么经常(adv.)(程度状语) →You shoud eat more vegetables and less meat.(adj.)(定语) 你应该多吃蔬菜，少吃肉。 →We have less《to worry about》 now.(pron.)(宾语) 现在我们要担忧的事少了。 ★less than少于(副词短语/程度状语) →Only less than 70 percent of the students passed the exam. 只有不到百分之七十的学生通过了这次考试。 ★point(C)n. 〔比赛或运动中的〕分数，得分，点(vt./vi.)指，指向 ●point at指着(目标) ●point to指向(方向) ●point out指出(后接n./pron./宾语从句) →He is〔three points〕behind the leader.（名词短语作程度状语） 他落后领先者三分。 →win/lose a point赢/输一分 →You get three points for a win and one point for a draw. 赢了得三分，打平得一分。 →They won on points.他们以点数获胜。 →two point five 二点五(2.5)(小数点) →a point on a map 地图上的一点 →He pointed his finger at me. 他用手指指著我。 →Don't point at me with your finger!不要用你的手指指着我！ →The big sign points south (points to the south). 那块大告示牌指向南方。 ★American Teenager《美国青少年》 ★teenager(C)n.青少年，十几岁的孩子（13到19岁的） ⇔teenage①(adj.)青少年的，十几岁的(前置定语)②(U)n.青少年时期 →teenage girls/problems/magazines十几岁的少女/青少年的问题/青少年杂志 ⇔teen(C)n.青少年，十几岁的孩子(同teenager)(adj.)青少年的，十几岁的(同teenage) ⇔teens(pl.)十几岁，青少年时期 ●in one's teens(某人)十几岁 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$