2024年中考英语复习课件 定语从句

定语从句 Attributive clause To develop good pragmatic habits. Knowledge objectives Ability objectives Emotional objectives To know the basic usage of attributive clauses guided by relative pronouns. To use attributive clauses accurately to introduce the community simply. Learning objectives 1.概念 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子,一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词(先行词)之后。 This is a big event that everyone wants to take part in. Mark is a man who stands on the box. 句子作定语,修饰man, 叫做定语从句(后置定语) 句子作定语,修饰event, 叫做定语从句(后置定语) 1.概念 The boy is Tom. The boy is very happy. who The boy who is very happy is Tom. 先行词 被修饰的名/代词 关系词(引导词) 关系词:起连接作用 指代先行词 作从句的成分 定语从句 避免重复 结构: 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子 先行词 关系词 定语从句 My sister is a girl who likes swimming. ( ) 定语从句所修饰的对象 引导定语从句 代替先行词 在定语从句中担当一个成分 修饰名词或代词等 紧跟在先行词后 2.结构 关系代词 先行词 成分 that 物/人 主语/宾语 who 人 主语/宾语 whom 人 宾语 whose 人/物 定语(谁的,什么的) which 物 主语/宾语 关系代词用法 3.关系词 关系代词在从句中充当主语或者宾语。 关系代词后的谓语动词,即从句的谓语动词,应与主句的主语保持一致。 ① who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时,可省略。 ②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略。 E.g: I met a girl _ knew your sister. 主句 先行词 从句 关系词作主语 who 从句 E.g:I met a girl _ I want to marry. 主句 先行词 关系词 作宾语 who whom 关系代词用法 ③ which 指物,在定从中作主语/宾语。作宾语时,可省略。 These are the trees which were planted last year. ④that 指人/物,在定从中作主语/宾语。作宾语时,可省略。 A plane is a machine that can fly. 主句 先行词 从句 关系词作主语 主句 先行词 从句 关系词作主语 ⑤whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语 。不可省略。 We live in a house whose windows face south. This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake. 主句 先行词 从句 关系词作定语 先行词 关系词作定语 2.当先行词被修饰序数词,形容词最高级时 eg: This is the first English book that she bought. 1.当先行词既有人又有物时 eg:I can still remember the people and the pictures that I saw in the room. 4.当主语以who/which 开头时 eg: Who is the girl that spoke to you just now ? 3.当先行词被the only,the very,the same, the last或all, any, some, no, not, every, each,little, few等修饰时(若先行词为人,也可用who/whom). eg: This is the only book that I am fond of. 只能用that情况 6.当先行词为all ,everything,something,anything不定代词时。 eg:Everything that I saw in the museum interested me. 5.there(here) be 句型中 e.g. There is a book that I am fond of. 7.当先行词在从句和主句中都作表语时,无论先行词是人还是物。 e.g. China is no longer the country that she was. 只能用which情况 1、在介词之后。 e.g. This is a house in which an old man lives . 2、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。 e.g. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary. 3、先行词本身为that, those时。 eg: What’s that which was put in the box? 4、非限制性定语从句中。 e.g. Mary has a book, which is very precious(珍贵的). 1. I think this is the most beautiful dress _ I have. A. which B. that C. who D.when 2. In fact Bob did not understand the first question_were asked in French. A.where B.who C.which D. that 3. Jack told me everything _he knew about it. A. what B.that C.which D.who 4. We talked about the things and persons _ we saw then. A. which B. whom C. who D. that 5. The town _ we visited a few years ago is much larger than before. A. / B. whom C. who D.why 6.(2017.长沙)— Do you know the man _ is running along the street? — Yes. He is our English teacher. A. which B. whom C. who D.where Practice 关系代词的用法注意点 (4) 关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。 Those who are against the plan put up your hands. Tom is one of the students who were praised by the teacher yesterday. Tom is the only one of the students who was praised by the teacher yesterday. 1. A plane is a machine _ can fly. 2.The car _ my uncle bought yesterday was stolen. 3. The students _ don't study hard won't pass the exam. 4. The woman _ you saw yesterday is Miss Li. 5. Do you know the girl _ is standing under the tree. 6. I need to find a partner _ I can practice with. 用适当的关系代词完成句子并翻译。 解题技巧:找出先行词,看先行词是人/物,来决定关系代词。 后面是动词,做主语;后面有主语和谓语,做宾语 Shanghai is the city where I was born. 关系副词在从句中引导状语从句。 关系副词=介词+关系代词。 主要有以下几个词: where (=in/at/on which) when (=on/during/in which) why (=for which) 关系副词 先行词 句中成分 where 地点 地点状语 when 时间 时间状语 why 原因 原因状语 e.g: Shanghai is the city where (in which) I was born. 关系副词用法 1. I think this is the most beautiful dress _ I have. A. which B. that C. who 2. In fact Bob did not understand the first question_were asked in French. A.that B.who C.which 3. Jack told me everything _he knew about it. A. who B.that C.which 4. We talked about the things and persons _ we saw then. A. which B. whom C. that 5. The town _ we visited a few years ago is much larger than before. A. / B. whom C. who 6.— Do you know the man _ is running along the street? — Yes. He is our English teacher. A. which B. whom C. who Practice Practice 1.He talked about the schools and teachers he had visited. A. which B. that C. who D.whom 2.We should do all is useful to the people. A. which B. that C. who D.whom 3. This is the best way has been used against pollution. A. which B. that C. who D.whom 4.This is the first book I bought in this shop. A. which B. that C. who D.whom 5.This is one of the most exciting football games I have ever watched. A. which B. that C. who D.whom B B B B B We must be a man _ who speaks Chinese. _ who eats Chinese food. _ who wants to be excellent. $$