2024年中考英语语法复习——一般过去时课件

一般过去时 初中英语语法 1 什么是一般过去时？ 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，过去习惯性、经常性的动作或行为，主语过去的性格和所具备的能力。 2 第一部分 PART 01 动词过去式 3 1.动词过去式的规则变化 变化规则 动词原形 过去式 一般情况，在动词词尾直接加ed work worked 以不发音字母e结尾的单词，直接加d live lived 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed study studied 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed stop stopped 4 2.动词过去式的不规则变化 动词原形 过去式 把i变成a swim swam 把i变成o write wrote 把d变成t lend lent 把ow变成ew blow blew 把eep变成ept sleep slept 保持不变 cut cut 5 ★大部分过去式还是需要去记忆的：be 动词的过去式—was（am，is的过去式），were（are的过去式）。一些实义动词的过去式，dig→dug，run→ran，eat→ate，fall→fell，lie（躺）→lay等。 6 ★部分动词的过去式有两种形式，比如： lean→leaned/leant；dream→dreamt/dreamed；bet→bet/betted 7 第二部分 PART 02 一般过去时的句式变化 8 1.陈述句：主语+动词过去式+其他 I saw the rainbow yesterday. 我昨天看到了彩虹。 They went to the park last Sunday. 上周日他们去了公园。 Ben got up at six this morning. 本今天早上是六点起床的。 9 2.一般疑问句 1）将be动词提到句首 陈述句:She was busy yesterday.她昨天很忙。 一般疑问句:Was she busy yesterday?她昨天很忙吗? 陈述句:They were at schooljust now,他们刚才还在学校。 一般疑问句:Were they at school justnow?他们刚才还在学校吗? 10 在回答主语是第一人称或第二人称的一般疑问句时，要注意be 动词的变化。 一般疑问句:Were you at home last night? 你昨天晚上在家吗? 肯定回答:Yes,Iwas. 否定回答:No,Iwasn’t. 11 2）用助动词did 陈述句:I did myhomework atschool.我在学校做了作业 一般疑问句:Did you do your homework atschool? 你在学校做作业了吗? 陈述句:They played basketball just now.他们刚才打了篮球一般疑问句:Did they play basketball just now?他们刚才打篮球了吗? 12 在将过去时态的陈述句变为一般疑问句时，变化技巧上可以用拆分法， 将动词过去式拆分为did+动词原形，然后将did提到句首，这样就不容易发生错误。 He slept a whole day.他睡了一整天。 第一步：先将slept 拆分为did sleep； 第二步：将did提到句首。 变成：Did he sleep a whole day？他睡了一整天吗？ 13 3.否定句 1）在be动词后面+not 陈述句:I was ateacher twenty years ago.我20年前是一名老师。 否定句:I was not ateacher twenty years ago. 我20年前不是一名老师 陈述句:We were in the shop at two o’clock. 我们两点时在店里 否定句:We were not in the shop at two o’clock. 我们两点时不在店里。 was not 可以缩写成wasn’t；were not可以缩写成weren’t。 14 2）在动词前+didn’t，动词变原形 陈述句:I did my homework at school. 我在学校做了作业。 否定句:I didn'tdo myhomework atschool. 我没有在学校做作业 陈述句:They played basketball just now. 他们刚才打了篮球。 否定句:They didn't play basketball just now. 他们刚才没打篮球。 15 在将过去时态的陈述句变为否定句时，同样可以用拆分法， 将动词过去式拆分为did+动词原形，然后在did后面+not，did not可缩写成didn’t： It dug a hole.它挖了一个洞。 第一步：先将dug拆分为did dig； 第二步：在did后面+not，did not可缩写成didn’t。 变成：It didn’t dig a hole.它没有挖一个洞。 16 4.特殊疑问句（针对实义动词提问） 特殊疑问词+助动词did+主语+动词原形+其他？ 1）针对动词提问 What did Mike do this morning？ 迈克今天早晨做了什么？ What did you do yesterday？ 你昨天做了什么？ 17 2）针对地点提问 Where did they cook？ 他们在哪里做的饭？ Where did he play badminton？ 他是在哪里打羽毛球？ 3）针对方式提问 How did they go to school？ 他们是怎么去学校的？ How did he get to the zoo？ 他是怎么到动物园的？ 18 4）针对时间提问 When did he get up？ 他是几点起床的？ What time did you have the first class？ 你几点开始上第一节课？ 5）针对动词的对象提问 What did she draw？ 她画了什么？ What did he tell you？ 他告诉了你什么？ 19 ★一般过去时态一般会与一些表示时间的词或短语连用。 yesterday...昨天…… yesterday morning昨天早上　　 yesterday evening昨天傍晚 20 last...上一个…… last night昨夜　 　 last Sunday上周日　 　 last month上个月 21 ...ago ……以前 long long ago很久很久以前   two months ago两个月以前 before...……之前 before two o’clock两点前 just now 刚才 22 ★一般过去时态也可表示过去一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态。可与often，usually，always等连用。 She often cooked dinner last summer holiday. 她去年暑假经常自己做晚餐。 23 ★如果是含有be动词的一般过去时陈述句，在变化成特殊疑问句时，以特殊疑问词为开头，并替换画线部分，后面跟上原句的一般疑问句即可。 陈述句:He was in the classroom just now.他刚才在教室里。 特殊疑问句:Where was he just now?他刚才在哪儿? 陈述句:They were happy last Sunday.他们上周日很开心。 特殊疑问句:How were they last Sunday?他们上周日过得怎样? 24 第三部分 PART 03 一般过去时的用法 25 1.表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，句中常有表示过去特定时间的状语 He went out just now. 他刚刚出去了。 I was born in 2013. 我是2013年出生的。 26 2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作 Last week she worked ten hours every day. 上周她每天工作10小时。 27 第四部分 PART 04 练习 28 1 . —_________ she ever visited the London Eye? —Yes. She _________ it two years ago. A．Did; visited B．Will; has visited C．Has; visited D．Has; has visited C 29 2 . They stopped supplying (提供) water, so I __________ go to the supermarket to buy some. A．have to B．had to C．must D．needed B 30 3 . I ____________ Jim and he was busy at that time. A．will telephone B．have telephoned C．was telephoning D．telephoned D 31 4 . —I hear you ________ to Japan once. —Yes. I ________ there last year. A．have gone; went B．have been; went C．went; have been D．went; went B 32 5 . I ________ the volleyball club two months ago. A．have joined B．have taken part in C．joined D．took part in C 33 6 . When I was in the countryside, I ________ many vegetables in the garden. A .plant B．planted C．grow D．grew D 34 7 . He felt very happy, because he _________ the exam. A．failed B．succeeded C．succeeded in D．pass C 35 8 . What __________ at the dinner last night? A．has happened B．happened C．is happening D．was happened C 36 9 . My father was so tired that he ________ just now. A．fell sleepy B．goes to sleep C．fell asleep D．sleeping C 37 10 . —Do you know ________ the Huawei mobile phone last week? —Sorry, I have no idea. A．how much did she pay for B．how much will she pay for C．how much she paid for D．how much she will pay for C 38 11 . When I was young, I ___________a notebook and I wrote many poems in it. A．used to keeping B．used to keep C．was used to keeping D．got used to keep B 39 12 . —There’s a lot of ________ on the road. —Yes. It ________ last night. A．snow; snows B．snow; snowed C．snows; snowed D．snows; snows B 40 $$