16. 词汇专题 记难词译难句 晨读晚背 2022-2024年高考英语三年真题分类汇编 （1）教师版 +学生版

16. 词汇专题 记难词译难句 晨读晚背（1） 2022-2024年高考英语三年真题分类汇编 学生版 【内容导航】 2024年高考真题I卷词汇 词汇篇 · A篇 考点单词 考点词块 · B篇 考点单词 考点词块 · C篇 考点单词 考点词块 · D篇 考点单词 考点词块 · 七选五 考点单词 考点词块 · 完形填空 考点单词 考点词块 句子篇 · 真题难句分析 · 学难词译难句 2024年高考真题I卷词汇 词汇篇 · A篇 考点单词 考点词块 · 考点单词 1. habitat n. _________________________________ 2. restoration n. _________________________________； 3. restore v. _________________________________； 4. removal n. _________________________________； 5. endangered adj. _________________________________； 6. confirm v. _________________________________； 7. review v. _________________________________； 8. guardian n. _________________________________； 9. layer n. _________________________________ 10. sunscreen n. _________________________________； 11. upcoming adj. _________________________________/ _________________________________ · 考点词块 1. play a vital role in _________________________________； 2. sensitive resources _________________________________/ _________________________________/ _________________________________； 3. in advance _________________________________； 4. fill out ... form _________________________________； 5. rain or shine_________________________________ · B篇 考点单词 考点词块 · 考点单词 1. defensive adj. _________________________________； 2. occasionally adv. _________________________________； 3. practice v. _________________________________n. _________________________________； 4. holistic adj. _________________________________； 5. holistic medicine _________________________________； 6. graduate n. _________________________________； 7. conventional adj. _________________________________； 8. relief n. _________________________________； 9. condition n. _________________________________； 10. ease v. _________________________________； 11. suffering n. _________________________________； 12. approach n. _________________________________； 13. indication n. _________________________________； 14. membership n. _________________________________； 15. advocate v. _________________________________ · 考点词块 1. ahead of one’s time_________________________________； 2. have the last laugh _________________________________； 3. herbal medicine _________________________________； 4. start out as _________________________________； 5. an alternative treatment _________________________________； 6. a heart condition _________________________________； 7. put ... to sleep _________________________________ · C篇 考点单词 考点词块 · 考点单词 1. comprehension n. _________________________________； 2. onscreen adv. _________________________________； 3. view v._________________________________； 4. content n. _________________________________； 5. cover v. _________________________________； 6. factor n. _________________________________； 7. concentration n. _________________________________； 8. entertainment n. _________________________________； 9. multitask v. _________________________________； 10. consume v. _________________________________； 11. confirm v. _________________________________； 12. print n. [熟词生义] _________________________________； 13. experimenter n. _________________________________； 14. pose v[熟词生义] _________________________________； 15. identify v. _________________________________； 16. mental adj. _________________________________； 17. abstraction n. _________________________________； 18. physical adj. _________________________________； 19. property n. _________________________________； 20. literal adj. _________________________________； 21. visual adj. _________________________________； 22. geography n. _________________________________； 23. distinct adj. _________________________________； 24. aspect n. _________________________________； 25. propose v. _________________________________； 26. shallow v. _________________________________； 27. approach v. _________________________________； 28. serious adj. _________________________________； 29. engaging adj. _________________________________； 30. say v. _________________________________； 31. assign v. _________________________________； 32. demonstrate v. _________________________________； 33. identical adj. _________________________________； 34. piece n._________________________________； 35. role n. _________________________________； 36. available adj. _________________________________； 37. maximize v. _________________________________； 38. reflection n. _________________________________； 39. assume v. _________________________________； 40. randomly adv. _________________________________； 41. informative adj. _________________________________； 42. imply v. _________________________________； 43. apply v. _________________________________； 44. multiple adj. _________________________________ 45. technique n. _________________________________； 46. produce v. _________________________________ · 考点词块 1. relate to ______________________________________； 2. a variety of _________________________________； 3. a tendency to do sth _________________________________； 4. shine through _________________________________； 5. draw inferences from_________________________________； 6. be related to _________________________________； 7. physical properties _________________________________； 8. along with _________________________________； 9. link … to ..._________________________________； 10. （be） suited to _________________________________ 11. mental effort _________________________________； 12. in print _________________________________； 13. mental focus_________________________________； 14. call for _________________________________； 15. treat sth lightly _________________________________； 16. hold sb’s attention _________________________________； 17. develop advanced skills _________________________________ · D篇 考点单词 考点词块 · 考点单词 1. document v. _________________________________； 2. detect v. _________________________________ 3. shift n. _________________________________ 4. variety n. _________________________________； 5. application n. _________________________________ 6. primary adj. _________________________________ 7. investigate v. _________________________________ 8. reveal v. _________________________________ 9. favor v. _________________________________ 10. device n. _________________________________ 11. encounter n. _________________________________ 12. feature n. _________________________________ · 考点派生词 1. biodiversity n. _________________________________ 2. observation n. _________________________________ 3. humanity n. _________________________________ 4. outnumber v. _________________________________； 5. observational adj. _________________________________ 6. usable adj. _________________________________ 7. sampling n. _________________________________ 8. flowering adj. _________________________________ 9. coverage n. _________________________________ 10. imperfect adj. _________________________________ 11. oversampled adj. _________________________________ 12. uploaded adj. _________________________________ 13. outdated adj. _________________________________ 14. threatened adj. _________________________________ 15. improper adj. _________________________________ 16. unreliable adj. _________________________________ 17. guidance n. _________________________________ · 考点合成词 1. dataset n. _________________________________ 2. eye-catching adj. _________________________________ 3. well-sampled adj. _________________________________ · 考点词块 1. go extinct _________________________________； 2. citizen scientist _________________________________； 3. in the form of _________________________________； 4. with the rise of _________________________________； 5. with the aid of _________________________________ 6. lead author _________________________________； 7. assistant professor _________________________________； 8. respond to _________________________________； 9. tend to do sth _________________________________； 10. make sense _________________________________； 11. inform sb of sth _________________________________； 12. be limited in number _________________________________ · 七选五 考点单词 考点词块 · 考点单词 1. submit v. _________________________________； 2. professionally adv. _________________________________； 3. present v. _________________________________； 4. tolerate v. _________________________________； 5. laptop n. _________________________________； 6. spellchecker n. _________________________________； 7. old-fashioned adj. _________________________________； 8. hard cover n. _________________________________； 9. precise adj. _________________________________； 10. definition n. _________________________________； 11. differentiate v. _________________________________； 12. identical adj. _________________________________； 13. two-volume adj. _________________________________； 14. combination n. _________________________________； 15. usage n. _________________________________； 16. influential adj. _________________________________； 17. illustrate v. _________________________________； 18. rewarding adj. _________________________________； 19. context n. _________________________________ · 考点词块 1. a great speller _________________________________； 2. take the trouble to do sth_________________________________； 3. reference books _________________________________； 4. leaf through _________________________________； 5. pick up _________________________________； 6. idiomatic phrases _________________________________； 7. cast your eye over sth ________________________________； 8. take account of _________________________________ · 完形填空 考点单词 考点词块 · 考点单词 1. motivate v. _________________________________； 2. demotivate v. _________________________________； 3. enter v. _________________________________； 4. uphill adv. _________________________________； 5. regularly adv. _________________________________； 6. appealing adj. _________________________________； 7. mature v. _________________________________ · 考点词块 1. refer to _________________________________； 2. to be honest _________________________________； 3. run after sb _________________________________； 4. go for a ride _________________________________； 5. go through _________________________________； 6. come to accept _________________________________； 7. turn to sth _________________________________； 8. set a goal for oneself _________________________________ · 考点派生词： 1. biodiversity n. _________________________________ 2. observation n. _________________________________ 3. humanity n. _________________________________ 4. outnumber v. _________________________________… … _________________________________ 5. observational adj. _________________________________ 6. usable adj. _________________________________； 7. sampling n. （_________________________________）_________________________________ 8. flowering adj. _________________________________； 9. coverage n. _________________________________ 10. imperfect adj. _________________________________； 11. oversampled adj. _________________________________； 12. uploaded adj. _________________________________ 13. outdated adj. _________________________________ 14. threatened adj. _________________________________ 15. improper adj. _________________________________ 16. unreliable adj. _________________________________； 17. guidance n. _________________________________ · 考点合成词： 1. dataset n. _________________________________ 2. eye-catching adj. _________________________________； 3. well-sampled adj. _________________________________ 句子篇 · 真题难句分析 1. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks – like identifying the main idea in a reading passage – to ones that require mental abstraction – such as drawing inferences from a text. 【翻译】当实验人员从提出简单的任务，如找到阅读文章的主旨，转向需要抽象思维的任务，如从文本中推断出结论时，纸质阅读的好处尤为明显。 【分析】本句中when 引导时间状语从句，从句谓语为move，like identifying the main idea in a reading passage 和such as drawing inferences from a text 分别补充说明simple tasks和ones that require mental abstraction。 2. According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. 【翻译】根据这一理论，人们对待数字文本的态度与对待社交媒体的态度相当，社交媒体通常不那么严肃，相比纸质阅读，人们投入的脑力要少。 【分析】suited to social media 作后置定语修饰mindset，which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词social media，and 连接主句并列的谓语approach 和devote。 3. These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens, and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable? 【翻译】现在，这些观察结果的数量超过了来自实物标本的原始数据，而由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我想知道：这些观察数据可靠吗? 【分析】本句是一个并列句，前半句中的that 作关系代词引导定语从句，修饰先行词the primary data；后半句中的since 引导原因状语从句，how 引导宾语从句作investigate 的宾语。 4. Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns. 【翻译】Daru 和他的团队使用了一个包含19亿条植物、昆虫、鸟类和动物记录的全球数据集，测试这些数据在多大程度上代表了实际的全球生物多样性模式。 【分析】Using a global dataset ... 为分词短语作状语，how 引导宾语从句作test 的宾语。 5. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. 【翻译】这是有道理的，因为民间科学家经常通过移动设备获取生物多样性观察数据，他们记录的是在附近地区接触到的物种。 【分析】because 引导原因状语从句，who 引导定语从句修饰先行词the people，recording ... nearby 为分词短语作后置定语，修饰citizen scientists。 6. Between the girl making my achievement seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only reason I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! 【翻译】那个女孩让我觉得自己的成就微不足道，加上慢跑让我感觉无聊，我决定以后再也不跑步了，除非有一只大狗追着我跑！ 【分析】句子的主干为I decided that。Between ...and ... 为介词短语作状语，其中making my achievement seem small为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰the girl；that 引导的宾语从句中，the reason (that) ... 表示“……的原因/ 理由”。 · 学难词译难句 1． restoration n. 修复，恢复 Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 2． restore v. 修复，恢复，使复原 Help restore and protect Marin’s natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 3． removal n. 移除，移走，除去 We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive （ 侵入的） plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 4． review v. 查看，检查 Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 5． guardian n. 监护人 Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 6． layer n. 层（此处代指“衣服”） Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 7． defensive adj 存有戒心的 occasionally adv 偶尔，有时 If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 8． practice n 惯常做法 Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 9． holistic adj. [医学术语] 功能整体性的（holistic medicine 整体医学） Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10． conventional adj 传统的 Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 11． relief n.（痛苦等的）减轻 He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 12． condition n. 疾病 Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 13． ease v.（使）减轻 She was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 14． approach n 方法 indication n 迹象 Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 15． cover v [熟词生义] 涉及，处理 And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________？ 16． multitask v 同时执行多项任务 The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset （心态） and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 17． print n 印刷品，出版物 The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 18． pose v 提出 abstraction n 抽象 The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks – like identifying the main idea in a reading passage – to ones that require mental abstraction – such as drawing inferences from a text. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 19． property n 性质，特性 The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 20． literal adj 确确实实的，真实的 geography n 布局 With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 21． shallow v 变浅 Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis （假说）.” _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 22． approach v 处理，对待 According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 23． say v 比方说 assign v 布置 Audio （音频） and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies – say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 24． identical adj 完全相同的 piece n 文章，报道 However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 25． role n 作用 Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 26． reflection n 反思，深思 assume v 认为，假定，假设 However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 27． informative adj 提供有用信息的 They are more informative than text. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 28． document v 记录，记载 In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 29． detect v 发现 Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 30． investigate v 研究 These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens （标本）, and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________？ 31． favor v 更倾向于 Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 32． encounter n [学术词] 相遇 This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 33． submit v 提交 If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript （原稿）. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 34． tolerate v 容忍 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 35． precise adj 精确的，准确的 differentiate v 区分，区别 It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 36． combination n 组合 It contains around 163，000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 37． usage n 用法 However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 38． illustrate v 说明，解释 “To make dictionaries is dull （乏味） work，” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 39． rewarding adj 有意义的 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 40． demotivate v 使失去动力 I’ve been motivated – and demotivated – by other folks’ achievements all my life. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 41． enter v 报名参加 I dreamed of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 42． appealing adj 有吸引力的 When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as appealing. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 43． mature v 变成熟 I’ve matured a lot since then. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 16. 词汇专题 记难词译难句 晨读晚背（1） 2022-2024年高考英语三年真题分类汇编 教师版 【内容导航】 2024年高考真题I卷词汇 词汇篇 · A篇 考点单词 考点词块 · B篇 考点单词 考点词块 · C篇 考点单词 考点词块 · D篇 考点单词 考点词块 · 七选五 考点单词 考点词块 · 完形填空 考点单词 考点词块 句子篇 · 真题难句分析 · 学难词译难句 2024年高考真题I卷词汇 词汇篇 · A篇 考点单词 考点词块 · 考点单词 1. habitat n. （动植物的）生活地，栖息地； 2. restoration n. 修复，恢复； 3. restore v. 修复，恢复，使复原； 4. removal n. 移除，移走，除去； 5. endangered adj. 濒临灭绝的，濒危的； 6. confirm v. 确认； 7. review v. 查看，检查； 8. guardian n. 监护人； 9. layer n. 层（此处代指“衣服”）； 10. sunscreen n. 防晒霜； 11. upcoming adj. 即将来临/ 发生的 · 考点词块 1. play a vital role in 在……中起着极其重要的作用； 2. sensitive resources 敏感的/ 易受影响的/ 需特别保护的资源； 3. in advance 提前； 4. fill out ... form 填写……表； 5. rain or shine [习语] 不论天气好坏，风雨无阻 · B篇 考点单词 考点词块 · 考点单词 1. defensive adj. 存有戒心的； 2. occasionally adv. 偶尔，有时； 3. practice v. 实行，奉行/ n. 惯常做法； 4. holistic adj. [医学术语] 功能整体性的； 5. holistic medicine 整体医学； 6. graduate n（大学）毕业生； 7. conventional adj. 传统的； 8. relief n.（痛苦等的）减轻； 9. condition n. 疾病； 10. ease v. （使）减轻； 11. suffering n. 疼痛； 12. approach n. 方法； 13. indication n. 迹象； 14. membership n. 会员数； 15. advocate v. 提倡 · 考点词块 1. ahead of one’s time（观念）超前； 2. have the last laugh 笑到最后，取得最后胜利； 3. herbal medicine 草药疗法； 4. start out as 起初是（某身份）； 5. an alternative treatment 替代疗法； 6. a heart condition 心脏病； 7. put ... to sleep 给（患病动物）实施安乐死 · C篇 考点单词 考点词块 · 考点单词 1. comprehension n. 理解（力）； 2. onscreen adv. 在屏幕上； 3. view v. [名词动化] 看； 4. content n. 内容； 5. cover v. [熟词生义]涉及，处理； 6. factor n. 因素； 7. concentration n. 专心，专注； 8. entertainment n. 消遣，娱乐； 9. multitask v. 同时执行多项任务； 10. consume v. 消费，消耗； 11. confirm v. 证实； 12. print n. [熟词生义] 印刷品，出版物； 13. experimenter n. 实验员； 14. pose v[熟词生义] 提出； 15. identify v. 识别，找到； 16. mental adj. 思考的，思想的，精神的； 17. abstraction n. 抽象； 18. physical adj. 物理（学）的； 19. property n. [熟词生义] 性质，特性； 20. literal adj. 确确实实的，真实的； 21. visual adj. 视觉的； 22. geography n. [熟词生义] 布局； 23. distinct adj. 不同的； 24. aspect n. 方面； 25. propose v. 提出； 26. shallow v. 变浅； 27. approach v. 处理，对待； 28. serious adj. 严肃的，需认真思考的； 29. engaging adj. 有吸引力的，有趣的； 30. say v. [熟词生义] 比方说； 31. assign v. 布置； 32. demonstrate v. 证明； 33. identical adj. 完全相同的； 34. piece n. [熟词生义] 文章，报道； 35. role n. [熟词生义] 作用； 36. available adj. 可获得的； 37. maximize v. 使增加到最大限度，使最大化； 38. reflection n. 反思，深思； 39. assume v. 认为，假定，假设； 40. randomly adv. 随机地； 41. informative adj. 提供有用信息的； 42. imply v. 暗指； 43. apply v. 运用； 44. multiple adj. 多种的 45. technique n. 技巧； 46. produce v. 制作 · 考点词块 1. relate to 涉及，与……相关； 2. a variety of 各种各样的； 3. a tendency to do sth 做某事的倾向； 4. shine through 表现明显； 5. draw inferences from从……中推断出结论； 6. be related to 与……有关； 7. physical properties 物理特性； 8. along with 与……一起； 9. link … to ...将……同……联系起来； 10. （be） suited to 适合……； 11. mental effort 脑力，心力； 12. in print 已刊印，已出版； 13. mental focus精神集中； 14. call for 需要； 15. treat sth lightly 对待某事持轻松的态度； 16. hold sb’s attention 保持某人的注意力； 17. develop advanced skills 培养高级技能 · D篇 考点单词 考点词块 · 考点单词 1. document v. [学术词] 记录，记载； 2. detect v. [学术词] 发现； 3. shift n. [学术词] 改变； 4. variety n. 多样性； 5. application n. 应用程序（缩写为app）； 6. primary adj. [学术词] 原始的，最初的； 7. investigate v. [学术词] 研究； 8. reveal v. [学术词] 揭示； 9. favor v. 更倾向于； 10. device n. [学术词] 设备； 11. encounter n. [学术词] 相遇； 12. feature n. [学术词] 特征 · 考点派生词 1. biodiversity n. 生物多样性（bio- + diversity）； 2. observation n. 观察（observe + -ation）； 3. humanity n. 人类（human +-ity ）； 4. outnumber v. 比… … 多（ out- + number ）； 5. observational adj. 观察的（observation + -al）； 6. usable adj. 可用的，适用的（use + -able）； 7. sampling n（选取的有代表性的）样本（sample + -ing）；likelihood n. 可能（性）（likely + -hood）； 8. flowering adj. 开花的，有花的（flower + -ing）； 9. coverage n. 覆盖范围（cover + -age）； 10. imperfect adj. 不完美的（im- + perfect）； 11. oversampled adj. 过度采样的（over- + sample + -ed）；identification n. 身份（identify + -ication）； 12. uploaded adj. 已上传的（upload+ -ed）； 13. outdated adj. 过时的（out- + date + -ed）； 14. threatened adj. 受到威胁的，感到危险的（threaten + -ed）； 15. improper adj. 不当的，错误的（im- + proper）； 16. unreliable adj. 不可靠的（un- + reliable）； 17. guidance n. 指导（guide+ -ance） · 考点合成词 1. dataset n. 数据集（data + set）； 2. eye-catching adj. 抢眼的，引人注目的（eye + catch + -ing）； 3. well-sampled adj. 充分采样的（well + sample + -ed） · 考点词块 1. go extinct 灭绝； 2. citizen scientist 民间科学家； 3. in the form of 以……的形式； 4. with the rise of 随着……的兴起； 5. with the aid of 借助于……； 6. lead author 第一作者； 7. assistant professor 助理教授； 8. respond to 对……作出反应； 9. tend to do sth 易于做某事； 10. make sense 说得通，有道理； 11. inform sb of sth 告知某人某事； 12. be limited in number 数量有限 · 七选五 考点单词 考点词块 · 考点单词 1. submit v. 提交； 2. professionally adv. 专业地； 3. present v. 呈现； 4. tolerate v. 容忍； 5. laptop n. 笔记本电脑； 6. spellchecker n. 拼写检查程序； 7. old-fashioned adj. （人）守旧的； 8. hard cover n. 硬皮书； 9. precise adj. 精确的，准确的； 10. definition n. 释义； 11. differentiate v. 区分，区别； 12. identical adj. 完全相同的； 13. two-volume adj. 两卷的，两册的； 14. combination n. 组合； 15. usage n. 用法； 16. influential adj. 有影响力的； 17. illustrate v. 说明，解释； 18. rewarding adj. 有意义的； 19. context n. 上下文 · 考点词块 1. a great speller 拼写能力强的人； 2. take the trouble to do sth费神做某事，不辞辛劳地做某事； 3. reference books 参考书； 4. leaf through 匆匆翻阅，浏览； 5. pick up（碰巧或廉价地）买到； 6. idiomatic phrases 惯用语； 7. cast your eye over sth 迅速检查（浏览）某物； 8. take account of 把……考虑进去 · 完形填空 考点单词 考点词块 · 考点单词 1. motivate v. 激励； 2. demotivate v. 使失去动力（de- = apart，away）； 3. enter v. 报名参加； 4. uphill adv. 朝上坡方向，向山上； 5. regularly adv. 定期地，经常，有规律地； 6. appealing adj. 有吸引力的； 7. mature v. 变成熟 · 考点词块 1. refer to 指的是； 2. to be honest 老实说； 3. run after sb 追赶某人； 4. go for a ride 骑车兜风； 5. go through 穿过； 6. come to accept 终于接受，渐渐认识到； 7. turn to sth 改为做某事； 8. set a goal for oneself 为自己设定目标 · 考点派生词： 1. biodiversity n. 生物多样性（bio- + diversity）； 2. observation n. 观察（observe + -ation）； 3. humanity n. 人类（human +-ity ）； 4. outnumber v. 比… … 多（ out- + number ）； 5. observational adj. 观察的（observation + -al）； 6. usable adj. 可用的，适用的（use + -able）； 7. sampling n. （选取的有代表性的）样本（sample + -ing）；likelihood n. 可能（性）（likely + -hood）； 8. flowering adj. 开花的，有花的（flower + -ing）； 9. coverage n. 覆盖范围（cover + -age）； 10. imperfect adj. 不完美的（im- + perfect）； 11. oversampled adj. 过度采样的（over- + sample + -ed）；identification n. 身份（identify + -ication）； 12. uploaded adj. 已上传的（upload+ -ed）； 13. outdated adj. 过时的（out- + date + -ed）； 14. threatened adj. 受到威胁的，感到危险的（threaten + -ed）； 15. improper adj. 不当的，错误的（im- + proper）； 16. unreliable adj. 不可靠的（un- + reliable）； 17. guidance n. 指导（guide+ -ance） · 考点合成词： 1. dataset n. 数据集（data + set）； 2. eye-catching adj. 抢眼的，引人注目的（eye + catch + -ing）； 3. well-sampled adj. 充分采样的（well + sample + -ed） 句子篇 · 真题难句分析 1. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks – like identifying the main idea in a reading passage – to ones that require mental abstraction – such as drawing inferences from a text. 【译文】当实验人员从提出简单的任务，如找到阅读文章的主旨，转向需要抽象思维的任务，如从文本中推断出结论时，纸质阅读的好处尤为明显。 【分析】本句中when 引导时间状语从句，从句谓语为move，like identifying the main idea in a reading passage 和such as drawing inferences from a text 分别补充说明simple tasks和ones that require mental abstraction。 2. According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. 【译文】根据这一理论，人们对待数字文本的态度与对待社交媒体的态度相当，社交媒体通常不那么严肃，相比纸质阅读，人们投入的脑力要少。 【分析】suited to social media 作后置定语修饰mindset，which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词social media，and 连接主句并列的谓语approach 和devote。 3. These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens, and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable? 【译文】现在，这些观察结果的数量超过了来自实物标本的原始数据，而由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我想知道：这些观察数据可靠吗? 【分析】本句是一个并列句，前半句中的that 作关系代词引导定语从句，修饰先行词the primary data；后半句中的since 引导原因状语从句，how 引导宾语从句作investigate 的宾语。 4. Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns. 【译文】Daru 和他的团队使用了一个包含19亿条植物、昆虫、鸟类和动物记录的全球数据集，测试这些数据在多大程度上代表了实际的全球生物多样性模式。 【分析】Using a global dataset ... 为分词短语作状语，how 引导宾语从句作test 的宾语。 5. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. 【译文】这是有道理的，因为民间科学家经常通过移动设备获取生物多样性观察数据，他们记录的是在附近地区接触到的物种。 【分析】because 引导原因状语从句，who 引导定语从句修饰先行词the people，recording ... nearby 为分词短语作后置定语，修饰citizen scientists。 6. Between the girl making my achievement seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only reason I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! 【译文】那个女孩让我觉得自己的成就微不足道，加上慢跑让我感觉无聊，我决定以后再也不跑步了，除非有一只大狗追着我跑！ 【分析】句子的主干为I decided that。Between ...and ... 为介词短语作状语，其中making my achievement seem small为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰the girl；that 引导的宾语从句中，the reason (that) ... 表示“……的原因/ 理由”。 · 学难词译难句 1． restoration n. 修复，恢复 Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. 栖息地恢复团队的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用。 2． restore v. 修复，恢复，使复原 Help restore and protect Marin’s natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. 帮助恢复和保护马林的自然区域，从马林海角到波林纳斯岭。 3． removal n. 移除，移走，除去 We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive （侵入的） plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. 我们将探索美丽的公园地点，同时进行入侵植物铲除，冬季种植，和种子收集。 4． review v. 查看，检查 Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form. 请查看可用项目清单，并填写集团项目申请表。 5． guardian n. 监护人 Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed. 18岁以下的志愿者必须签署家长/监护人的批准部分。 6． layer n. 层（此处代指“衣服”） Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary. 穿不怕弄脏的衣服。带上天气变化的衣服，必要时带上雨衣。 7． defensive adj 存有戒心的 occasionally adv 偶尔，有时 If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. 如果他看起来有点存有戒心的，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔也会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。 8． practice n 惯常做法 Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. 然后他尝试了针灸，一种中国古老的疗法，他惊讶于两三次治疗后病情有所进步。 9． holistic adj. [医学术语] 功能整体性的（holistic medicine 整体医学） Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right. 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，整体性的方法将变得更受欢迎，如果过去是任何迹象，他可能是对的 10． conventional adj 传统的 Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. 法伯毕业于科罗拉多州立大学，一开始是一名更传统的兽医。 11． relief n.（痛苦等的）减轻 He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. 他尝试了一些可以放松肌肉的药物，但几乎没有得到什么缓解。 12． condition n. 疾病 Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. 利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。 13． ease v.（使）减轻 She was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. 她准备让它睡觉，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，使她能够让它又活了5个月。 14． approach n 方法 indication n 迹象 Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right. 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，整体性的方法将变得更受欢迎，如果过去是任何迹象，他可能是对的。 15． cover v [熟词生义] 涉及，处理 And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? 在报道同一材料时，倾听和观看内容是否像阅读书面文字一样有效？ 16． multitask v 同时执行多项任务 The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset （心态） and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. 其原因与多种因素有关，包括注意力集中、娱乐心态（心态）和消费数字内容时多任务的倾向。 17． print n 印刷品，出版物 The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks. 当实验者不再提出简单的任务时，印刷阅读的好处尤为突出。 18． pose v 提出 abstraction n 抽象 The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks – like identifying the main idea in a reading passage – to ones that require mental abstraction – such as drawing inferences from a text. 当实验者从提出简单的任务——比如识别阅读段落中的主要思想——转向那些需要心理抽象的任务——比如从文本中进行推断时，印刷阅读的好处尤其突出。 19． property n 性质，特性 The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. 印刷阅读结果和数字阅读结果之间的差异部分与纸张的物理性质有关。 20． literal adj 确确实实的，真实的 geography n 布局 With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. 有了纸，有一个文字的铺设，以及不同页面的视觉地理。 21． shallow v 变浅 Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis （假说）.” 阅读研究人员提出了一种叫做“肤浅假说（假说）”的理论。 22． approach v 处理，对待 According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. 根据这一理论，人们使用数字文本的思维方式更适合社交媒体，而社交媒体往往不那么严肃，而且比阅读印刷品时投入的脑力更少。 23． say v 比方说 assign v 布置 Audio （音频） and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies – say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. 音频（音频）和视频可以感觉比文本更吸引人，所以大学教师越来越多地转向这些技术——比如，分配一个在线谈话，而不是同一个人的一篇文章。 24． identical adj 完全相同的 piece n 文章，报道 However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces. 然而，心理学家已经证明，当成年人阅读新闻故事时，他们记住的内容比他们听或看相同的文章更多。 25． role n 作用 Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. 数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，特别是在提供印刷版无法获得的资源时。 26． reflection n 反思，深思 assume v 认为，假定，假设 However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words. 然而，为了在需要心理集中和反思的地方最大化学习，教育者不应该假设所有的媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词。 27． informative adj 提供有用信息的 They are more informative than text. 它们比文本更有信息量。 28． document v 记录，记载 In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. 在记录地球上这些物种灭绝前的竞赛中，研究人员和公民科学家已经收集了数十亿条记录。 29． detect v 发现 Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect. 尽管它们对检测一个地区物种数量和种类的变化很有用，但斯坦福大学的一项新研究发现，这种类型的记录并不完美。 30． investigate v 研究 These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens （标本）, and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable? 这些观测结果现在的数量超过了来自物理标本（标本）的主要数据，而且由于我们越来越多地使用观测数据来调查物种如何应对全球变化，我想知道：它们是否可用吗？ 31． favor v 更倾向于 Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. 此外，这些数据是有偏见的，有利于某些地区、时间段和物种。 32． encounter n [学术词] 相遇 This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. 这是有道理的，因为在移动设备上获得生物多样性观测数据的人通常是公民科学家，记录他们与附近地区物种的接触。 33． submit v 提交 If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript （原稿）. 如果你想被出版，提交一份完美的、专业呈现的手稿（原稿）是至关重要的。 34． tolerate v 容忍 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. 没有一个编辑不可能会容忍一个不费力地正确拼写单词的作家。 35． precise adj 精确的，准确的 differentiate v 区分，区别 It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. 它应该给你一个精确的定义，从而将它与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。 36． combination n 组合 It contains around 163，000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 它包含了大约163，000个单词，加上单词组合和习惯短语。 37． usage n 用法 However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better. 然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的起源或查找它的用法的例子，没有什么更好的了。 38． illustrate v 说明，解释 “To make dictionaries is dull （乏味） work，” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”. “制作字典是枯燥的（乏味）工作，”约翰逊写道，并说明了“枯燥”的一个定义。 39． rewarding adj 有意义的 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. 花几分钟的时间去看一两页纸可能是一种有益的体验。 40． demotivate v 使失去动力 I’ve been motivated – and demotivated – by other folks’ achievements all my life. 我的一生都被别人的成就所激励和沮丧。 41． enter v 报名参加 I dreamed of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. 我一直梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞往圣地亚哥去看望我的姐姐。 42． appealing adj 有吸引力的 When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as appealing. 当我回到家时，突然骑自行车似乎就不那么吸引人了。 43． mature v 变成熟 I’ve matured a lot since then. 从那以后，我已经成熟了很多人了。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$