语境30 环境保护-【高考领航】2025年高考英语一轮复习微专题速练

语境30　环境保护 层级式精练 层级一　基础达标 Ⅰ. 1.①reducing　②(should)take　③It is advocated that schools should organize more activities for students 2.①disturbed　②disturbing　③feel quite stressed and disturbed 3.①making　②until/to　③to postpone building the new hospital Ⅱ. 1.punishment　2.noisy　3.to　4.shortage 5.pollution　6.frightened　7.Prevention　8.dusty Ⅲ. 1.I'm more than delighted to share the event 2.With the living environment becoming worse and worse　3.which do great harm to people's health 层级二　能力提升 A 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了一个有关低碳生活的实验。 1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Under a deal with the government， Volkswagen， a carmaker， has donated...subsidies(补贴) for the islanders to buy electric cars”可知，大众和政府采取的共同措施是提供经济支持。 2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Unlike other nearby islands， Astypalea is not connected to Greece's electricity system.”及“The island was selected for ...help in finding an electric bus to try out on its rough roads.”可知，地理位置及政府的努力使得阿斯特帕利亚被选为实验地。 3.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“On the other hand， the islanders...by a turbine 200 metres high.”可知，如果安装风力涡轮机，岛上的居民主要担心游客流失。 4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Building a solar park that would...is destroyed by a turbine 200 metres high.”可推知，该项目的实施有一定障碍。 B 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。Tash Gorst开设了一家有助于环境保护的零废物商店，而现在此类生态友好型商店越来越受到人们的欢迎，顾客们不仅可以买到实物商品，还能收获更多。 5.B　推理判断题。第一段讲述Tash Gorst开设了一家有助于环境保护的零废物商店，下文则主要讲了零废物商店(包括Gather)的发展情况，由此可知，文章首段在文中起了提供背景信息的作用，故选项B正确。 6.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“it's not only...the shop is powered by renewable energy”以及“all the units inside have been made from waste materials，mostly by Gorst herself”可知，该商店以环保为主要特征，故选项A正确。 7.D　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段内容，尤其是该段中的“Emily Drabble is a regular Gather customer.”可知，Drabble非常热衷于这种环保商店。 8.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“And customers at refill shops get more than just physical goods”以及“I also see it as a place to bring people together”可知，该段暗示人们在此类商店会有很多意想不到的收获，故选项C正确。 C 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了人们是否应该担心塑料微粒可能对健康产生影响，作者通过两位教授的观点论证了人们目前没有必要害怕，但是为了环境我们可以选择尽量少用塑料制品。 9.A　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第二段最后一句可知，塑料制品在被加热时会释放塑料微粒，所以温度是塑料微粒释放的因素。 10.B　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“We still don't have enough evidence ...by infants or adults.”以及第二段中“The last thing we want to do”可知，我们还没有找到足够的证据证明塑料微粒会对婴儿或成人的健康造成威胁，所以此处表示我们最不想做的事情是让父母过度担心。 11.B　观点态度题。根据第三段中的“Schwabl，another professor ...higher temperatures.”可知，他认为有必要进行更多的相关研究，可见他非常关心塑料微粒问题。 12.D　推理判断题。文章第一段引出是否应该担心塑料微粒的问题，接着第二段谈到教授John Boland的建议及一些研究人员的结论，第三段提到另一个教授Schwabl的看法和一些研究结论，故本篇文章主要是通过对比研究结论来展开的。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 语境30　环境保护 清单式背诵——基础知识排查记 话题词汇 1.advocate v.提倡；拥护；支持 2.atmosphere n.大气；氛围 3.burden v.(使)担负 n.重担；负担 4.consequence n.结果；后果；影响 consequently adv.因此；所以 5.conservation n.保护；保存 6.damage n.& vt.毁坏；损害 7.disturb vt.& vi.打扰；使焦虑 disturbing adj.令人不安的 8.dust n.灰尘；尘土 dusty adj.满是灰尘的 9.eco­friendly/ environment­friendly adj.环保的 10.environment n.环境 11.exposure n.暴露；显露 12.frightened adj.受惊吓的；害怕的 frightening adj.令人恐惧的 13.garbage/litter n.垃圾 14.noise n.噪声；喧闹声 noisy adj.吵闹的；嘈杂的 15.phenomenon n.现象 16.pollute vt.污染 polluted adj.被污染的 pollution n.污染 17.postpone vt.& vi.推迟；延期 18.preserve vt.保护；保存；保留 19.prevent vt.防止；预防 20.protect vt.保护 protection n.保护 21.punish vt.惩罚；处罚 punishment n.惩罚 22.rubbish n.垃圾；废物 23.severe adj.严重的 severely adv.严重地 24.short adj.短的；矮的 shortage n.缺少；不足 话题词块 1.advocate a low­carbon life 提倡低碳生活 2.be faced with/face/come across/meet with all kinds of difficulties 面对各种困难 3.be in danger of extinction/becoming extinct/dying out 处于灭绝的危险 4.fight against pollution 与污染做斗争 5.global warming 全球变暖 6.go against nature 违背自然规律 7.improve one's living conditions 改善某人的生活条件 8.keep/break ecological balance 保持/破坏生态平衡 9.do harm to 对……有害 10.make proper use of water resources 合理利用水资源 11.raise the awareness of 提高……的意识 12.use up/run out of 用完；用尽 13.ban smoking in public 禁止在公共场合吸烟 14.large amounts of rubbish 大量垃圾 话题句式 1. (2023·北京卷书面表达)I was thrilled to receive your email about the club activity themed“Green Beijing”.I'm more than delighted to provide you with some suggestions for the event. 我很高兴收到你关于“绿色北京”俱乐部活动的电子邮件。我非常乐意为您提供一些活动建议。 2.With the number of cars increasing fast in our city，our environment is getting increasingly worse. 在我们的城市，随着汽车数量的快速增长，我们的环境正急剧恶化。 3.Our school photography club is going to hold an International High School Student Photography Show，the theme of which is environmental protection. 我校摄影俱乐部将要举办国际中学生摄影展，主题是环境保护。 层级式精练——核心要点全练通 层级一　基础达标 Ⅰ.重点词汇题组练 1.advocate v.提倡；拥护；支持 ①Many experts advocate__________(reduce) the amount of children's homework. ②With the housing price going up， more and more people advocate the government__________(take) more strict measures to lower property prices. ③有人主张学校应为学生组织更多的活动，通过减少学生的家庭作业，让学生有更多的时间参加活动。 __________________________________________________________and leave students more time for activities by giving them less homework. 2.disturb vt.& vi.打扰；使焦虑 ①Whenever a young child is frightened or____________ (disturb)， it typically rushes to his/her mother first. ②He had a novel and__________(disturb) experience last year. ③有更多的家庭作业和考试，我抽不出时间来从事我的业余爱好。所以我感到非常紧张和不安。 With more homework and tests， I can't spare any time to take up my hobbies.So I____________________________. 3.postpone vt.& vi.推迟；延期 ①Let's postpone__________(make) a decision until we have more information. ②He decided to postpone the expedition__________the following day. ③延迟兴建新医院的决定是不得人心的。 It was an unpopular decision____________________________. Ⅱ.话题词汇快速练 1.No one can escape_____________(punish) if he breaks law. 2.That'll do， children ─ you're getting far too_____________(noise). 3.This could cause serious damage_____________our environment. 4.The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water_____________(short). 5.There is a connection between____________ (pollute) and the death of trees. 6.She was__________(frighten) that the plane would crash. 7.__________(prevent) also plays a central role in traditional medicine. 8.Along the_____________(dust) road came a great many tourists. Ⅲ.话题写作能力练 1.我非常高兴与大家分享我们俱乐部上周五在活动中心举办的活动。 ________________________________ our club organized last Friday in the Activity Center. 2.随着生存环境越来越恶劣，许多物种正在逐渐灭绝。 _________________________________________， many species are gradually dying out. 3.如今，随着经济的发展，许多城市面临着严重的环境问题，这对人们的健康十分有害。 Nowadays， with the development of economy，many cities are faced with serious environmental problems，____________________________________. 层级二　能力提升 阅读理解 A (2024·漳州教学质量检测)Astypalea， a butterfly­shaped island in the central Aegean， hopes to become Greece's first carbon­free tourist destination.Under a deal with the government， Volkswagen， a carmaker， has donated several new electric vehicles for use by Astypalea's public services； it will sell others at cost price to its 1，200 residents.In return， the government has largely increased subsidies (补贴) for the islanders to buy electric cars and will build a hybrid solar and wind power plant to replace those polluting generators. Unlike other nearby islands， Astypalea is not connected to Greece's electricity system.With only 3，000 rooms for visitors in small hotels or flats， tourism is still low­key.Many residents make a living the old­fashioned way： raising goats， keeping bees and fishing.The island was selected for Volkswagen's e­mobility experiment after Nikos Komineas， the go­ahead mayor，contacted the transport ministry for help in finding an electric bus to try out on its rough roads. Most islanders sound enthusiastic about the project.Mr. Komineas expects the number of private cars on Astypalea to fall by a third over the next five years.Its residents， he says， will get around on e­scooters and electric minibuses， which will be free linked to a mobile­phone app and available round the clock. Some observers detect a bit of green washing.Building a solar park that would generate the island's electricity will not get started before the tourist season ends.A single wind turbine (涡轮)will not be fixed before 2026 even if the licensing process goes smoothly.On the other hand， the islanders worry that tourists will go elsewhere if the view is destroyed by a turbine 200 metres high.And even then， the hybrid power unit is planned to cover only about 80% of summer demand.But it is a start. 1.What common measure do Volkswagen and the government take？ A.Offering financial support. B.Developing a mobile­phone app. C.Making electric cars. D.Establishing a power plant. 2.Which promotes Astypalea's being selected for the experiment？ A.Tourism prospect and heavy traffic. B.Location and government's efforts. C.Islanders' demand and road conditions. D.Islanders' lifestyle and large population. 3.What is the major concern of the islanders if a wind turbine is fixed？ A.The complex licensing process. B.Environmental damage. C.Loss of tourists. D.The influence on their daily life. 4.What can be inferred from the text？ A.The experiment will come to nothing. B.There are barriers in conducting the project. C.Green tourism will become a trend in Greece. D.The islanders are unwilling to change their lifestyle. B (2024·嘉兴市高三测试)As a new mother in 2016，Tash Gorst was scrolling (滚动) through her phone when she fell down the rabbit hole of reading about plastic pollution.Fast­forward to 2019 and she had opened Gather，an organic zero­waste shop. Customers come to Gather to refill their own containers with everything from rice to beauty products.And it's not only the produce that is sustainable—the shop is powered by renewable energy and financed by a more sustainable bank，while all the units inside have been made from waste materials，mostly by Gorst herself. Zero­waste shops have become an increasingly common feature on the streets in recent years.Wherever they have gone，supermarkets now look set to follow，with Morrisons，Marks & Spencer and Waitrose & Partners all recently agreeing to add refill stations in shops by the end of this year.Meanwhile，Asda has introduced refill aisles (通道) to more of its supermarkets following successful trials. As small startup businesses aiming to make responsible decisions without cutting ethical (道德上的) corners，refill shops tend to be more expensive than supermarkets and chains.Gorst acknowledges that not everyone can afford to buy from them. “But if you can，you should.You'll feel good about the small decision that you've made on contributing to your local economy and doing something that's better for the planet，”she says. Emily Drabble is a regular Gather customer.She buys everything that would “normally be encased in plastic”，from cleaning products to food like pasta，which she puts into glass containers.“When I get home，I love unpacking my shopping，throwing nothing in the bin，”Drabble says. And customers at refill shops get more than just physical goods，notes Gorst.Besides employing four local people，Gather，for example，holds free events，including a monthly book club for reading about sustainability，workshops for kids and so on.“I also see it as a place to bring people together.” she says. 5.Why does the author mention Gorst's random reading in Paragraph 1？ A.To share a parenting experience. B.To offer background information. C.To attach importance to the motivation. D.To show advantages of digital reading. 6.Which of the following is a significant feature of Gather？ A.It is run in an ecologically friendly way. B.It sells sustainable goods at bargain prices. C.It is only favored by customers with a green concept. D.It differs from supermarkets in low­carbon awareness. 7.What is Drabble's attitude towards refill shops？ A.Amused. B.Critical. C.Objective. D.Enthusiastic. 8.What does the example in the last paragraph imply？ A.People may regard refill shops as fitness clubs. B.Refill shops ought to share some social responsibilities. C.People can benefit more from refill shops than expected. D.Refill shops need to hold various events to increase sales. C Plastic baby bottles released microplastics when heated.Should you be worried about its side-effects？ We still don't have enough evidence of health risks posed by microplastic consumptions by infants or adults. “The last thing we want to do is unduly alarming parents，” said John Boland，a professor at Trinity College Dublin in Ireland and one of the authors of the Nature Food study.While the health effects of microplastics are still unknown，parents can significantly reduce their infants' exposure by adding some steps to their bottle preparation routine，Boland said.He recommended letting plastic bottles cool completely after sterilization (消毒) in hot water，then washing them out at least three times with water that's been allowed to cool to room temperature after being sterilized by boiling.Researchers here also found that plastic teakettles，plastic instant noodle cups and plastic food storage containers all released similarly high levels of microplastics when subjected to heat. As for what those microplastics may be doing in our bodies，the evidence so far is quite limited and unclear.Schwabl，another professor，pointed to a need for more research into microplastics released from plastic food storage containers，especially when they are subjected to higher temperatures.He noted some research has found microplastics can cause inflammation (发炎) in the organs，while other studies show they do not harm.“The threshold at which they cause problems has not been determined for humans，”Schwabl said.For now，Schwabl agrees we shouldn't panic.He's avoiding plastic containers in his daily life—“not so much that I am afraid of the ingestion，but I think thereby I may be contributing to reducing the amount of plastic waste” that makes its way into the environment. At the moment，there is no need to be afraid，but it is an open question and definitely an unmet need. 9.Which factor counts in the release of microplastics？ A.Temperature. B.Products. C.Time. D.Containers. 10.Which of the following words can replace the underlined part in Paragraph 2？ A.Properly. B.Extremely. C.Obviously. D.Specially. 11.What's Schwabl's attitude towards microplastics？ A.Panic. B.Concerned. C.Indifferent. D.Critical. 12.How is the passage developed？ A.By providing the examples. B.By reasoning the readers. C.By analyzing the figures. D.By comparing the findings. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$