语境5 健康的生活方式(一) 饮食与健康-【高考领航】2025年高考英语一轮复习微专题速练

语境5　健康的生活方式(一)　饮食与健康 清单式背诵——基础知识排查记 话题词汇 1.appetite n.食欲；胃口 2.balance vt.平衡；权衡 n.天平；平衡 balanced adj.均衡的 3.delicious adj.美味的；可口的 4.diet n.饮食 5.digest v.消化；领会 6.drunk adj.醉的 7.energetic adj.精力旺盛的 energy n.精力；能量 8.harm n.& v.伤害；损伤 harmful adj.有害的 harmless adj.无害的 9.health n.健康；卫生 healthy adj.健康的；健壮的 10.lifestyle n.生活方式 11.medical adj.医学的；医疗的 medicine n.医学；药 12.necessarily adv.必然地 necessary adj.必需的；必要的 13.normal adj.正常的；平常的 14.nutrition n.营养；滋养 15.operate v.做手术；运转；实施；负责；经营；管理 operation n.手术；操作 16.overweight adj.太胖的；超重的 17.pain n.疼痛；疼 painful adj.疼痛的；痛苦的 18.poison n.毒药 vt.使中毒 poisonous adj.有毒的 19.recover vi.复原，恢复健康 vt.重新获得，恢复 recovery n.恢复 20.refresh v.(使)精神振作；(使)精力恢复 21.strength n.力气；力量；优点 strengthen v.加强 22.swallow vt.吞下；咽下 23.symptom n.症状 24.taste v.尝起来 n.品尝 tasteless adj.无滋味的 tasty adj.美味的 话题词块 1.be harmful to/do harm to/be bad for 对……有害 2.be in good health 身体健康 3.be particular about food 挑食 4.be/go on a diet 节食 5.break down (身体)垮掉；(机器)损坏；出故障；破坏；(谈判、计划等)失败；破裂；(化学)分解 6.build up one's body/strength 增强某人的体质 7.develop a healthy eating habit 养成健康饮食的习惯 8.get rid of 摆脱 9.keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食 10.keep fit/healthy 保持健康 11.lose weight 减肥 12.physical and mental health 身心健康 13.skip breakfast 不吃早饭 14.suffer from 遭受；患某种疾病 话题句式 1.As far as I'm concerned，we should develop a healthy eating habit to build up our strength.Only in this way can we have enough energy to study. 我认为，我们应该养成健康的饮食习惯来增强体力。只有这样我们才能有足够的精力学习。 2.Eating in a healthy way and exercising regularly are the key to keeping healthy. 健康饮食和经常运动是保持健康的关键。 3.The majority of people take in too much fat and not enough fibre，which does great harm to their health. 大多数人摄入的脂肪太多，纤维不足，这对他们的健康很有害。 层级式精练——核心要点全练通 层级一　基础达标 Ⅰ.重点词汇题组练 1.operate v.做手术；运转；实施；负责；经营；管理 ①For most people，it's almost impossible____________(operate) a computer without a mouse，let alone surf the Internet. ②We're all ready to put it__________operation；in other words，we're going to take action as soon as possible. ③The people running these factories are deeply concerned about the environment.(词汇升级) →The people__________these factories are deeply concerned about the environment. 2.recover vi.复原，恢复健康vt.重新获得，恢复 ①She soon recovered____________(she) and stopped crying. ②Even though he was hurt seriously in the car accident，he finally recovered____________ it. ③听说你病了，我很难过，希望你早日康复。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 3.break down(身体)垮掉； (机器)损坏；出故障；破坏；(谈判、计划等)失败；破裂； (化学)分解 写出下列句中break down的含义 ①The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached._____________ ②You will break down sooner or later if you always stay up late._____________ ③We were downloading learning materials when our computer broke down.____________ ④Chemicals in the body break down our food into useful substances._____________ Ⅱ.话题词汇快速练 1.The lecture made me realize the importance of a__________(balance) diet. 2.Good nutrition is essential if patients are to make a quick_____________(recover). 3.Only by keeping ourselves healthy and strong can we feel____________(energy). 4.These cookies were very__________(taste) and I had a lot. 5.This activity helps__________(strength) memory and build trust. 6.I think that a good story does not_____________(necessary) have to have a happy ending. 7.Fruit juices can be____________ (harm) to children's teeth. 8.We should protect the environment so that our next generation will be____________(health). 9.She weighed more than go kilograms，she decided to go_____________a diet. 10.Among obese children， about 30 percent also suffer__________high levels of blood sugar and fat. Ⅲ.话题写作能力练 1.你应该定期锻炼，只有这样你才能强身健体，感到精力充沛。 You should work out regularly and only in this way____________________________________. 2.我认为，我们要均衡饮食并养成早睡早起的好习惯。 ________________________，we should have a balanced diet and get into the good habit of going to bed early and getting up early. 3.摆脱像吸烟、喝酒这样的坏习惯是保持健康的重要手段。 ____________________________like smoking and drinking alcohol is an important way to keep healthy. 4.她已经尽力了，请不要对她的工作太挑剔。 She has already tried her best.Please_____________________________her job. 层级二　能力提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·长沙市第一中学模拟)Many people drink protein shakes regularly to lose weight， build muscle or both.Others， however， question the belief that protein shakes are better than normal， high­protein foods.So what is the truth？ Protein shakes are dietary supplements (饮食补充剂) designed to help people consume more protein than they otherwise would.Protein shakes can be ready­made drinks.Besides， people can mix their own shakes using protein powder.Protein powder can be made from plants or animals.Plant­based protein shakes can include soy， pea or rice protein.Animal­based protein powder is usually made from cows' milk.Those who want to avoid milk can also get protein powder made from egg whites. Studies indicate that consuming protein shakes is helpful if you want to build muscle.They can also improve your performance and help you recover while exercising.And if you're losing weight， protein shakes can help to make sure that you don't lose muscle. Consuming protein shakes can also help you lose weight.Eating a high­protein diet helps you feel full， so it's easier to resist eating too much.High­protein diets can also make your body burn energy quickly.When you use more energy than you take in through food， you lose weight. However， you don't have to drink protein shakes to have a high­protein diet.Many wholefoods are rich in protein.In fact， the people in many high­protein diet studies didn't drink protein shakes.The studies proved the benefits of eating protein­rich foods.Moreover， these foods contain other natural nutrients besides protein.In contrast， many protein shakes contain sugar or artificial sweeteners， which are not healthy. To sum up， yes， protein shakes are convenient and they work.However， they are not your only choice for eating a high­protein diet. 1.What's Paragraph 2 mainly about？ A.What protein shakes are. B.How protein shakes are made. C.Where protein shakes come from. D.Why people drink protein shakes. 2.What can be inferred about consuming protein shakes？ A.It can burn your fat directly. B.It is beneficial to your muscle. C.It can take the place of eating other food. D.It is the best choice for the people in a high­protein diet. 3.Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text？ 4.Which word best describes the author's attitude to protein shakes？ A.Skeptical. B.Objective. C.Tolerant. D.Conservative. B One in five children starting primary school in the UK are overweight.By the time they leave school，that figure will rise to one in three.The chance of them being overweight in adulthood，which brings a range of associated health risks，is high，at 50%－75%. The root cause of diet-related fatness is no secret：an energy imbalance between the quantity of food being consumed and the level of physical activity being conducted.Addressing this imbalance needs to be，in part，a review of our diet.More fresh ingredients (原料) especially fruit and vegetables，less processed foods and fewer additives (添加剂) are all important factors in building a balanced diet. The Department of Health has recognized that a collective approach，rather than just individual behavior change，is a successful way of achieving this.Universal adjustments like a blanket decrease in sugar content influence the way we eat through the choices available to us. Applying this approach to school kitchens makes sense.They have an important role to play in maintaining healthy diets.Offering a school menu packed with fresh ingredients and without artificial additives makes a direct and effective impact on what children eat at school. It's an area the Soil Association consistently works to handle through its Food for Life program—working with schools to transform food culture，improve food education and encourage lasting changes to the way schools think about food.It works.In Food for Life schools，pupils are a third less likely to eat no fruit or vegetables than those in comparison schools. One way for schools to get involved is a Food for Life Served Here award，which means at least 75% of dishes are prepared on site using fresh ingredients.It encourages local seasonal produce and，at silver or gold level，requires a commitment to environmentally friendly produce.At its heart，the award is designed to support health and enhance food understanding. Over 50% of English primary schools have such an award already，serving around 1.7 million meals each day to over 10，000 schools and it's a figure we'll see grow. 5.What does the underlined word “Addressing” in Paragraph 2 mean？ A.Tackling. B.Ignoring. C.Maintaining. D.Postponing. 6.Which approach will work for students to build a balanced diet？ A.Stopping them eating alone in schools. B.Getting them aware of the harm of fatness. C.Ensuring healthy recipes on school menus. D.Increasing the availability and flavor of food. 7.What can we say about the Food for Life program？ A.It's a heavy load on schools. B.It's complicated to operate. C.It's a temporary project. D.It's a fruitful attempt. 8.Which type of food may the Food for Life Served Here award promote？ A.Sugary snacks. B.First-class sausages. C.High-quality imported beef. D.Freshly picked organic beans. Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Can you tell the difference between a glass of regular and diet soda？ No，you can't.____1____.That's where the trouble starts.Until recently，everything we have eaten contains some amount of calories. So when we drink diet soda，the sweetness tricks our body into thinking it's real sugar but when those energy-packed calories don't arrive，the insulin in our brain has nothing to store. ____2____.It's called metabolic syndrome，which is a mix of conditions that include increased blood pressure，high blood sugar and weight gain which can increase the risk of diabetes，heart disease and strokes. While drinking diet soda with the meal may sound like a tasty calorie-free alternative to plain water，this may be the worst time to drink it because the cheating calories in the diet soda could finally destroy the real calories we metabolize.____3____. Another problem could be the fact that artificial sweeteners in diet soda can be 10 to 100 times sweeter than sugar.____4____.It's like when you go to a party expecting loads of food and you end up with a handful of vegetables.You're left unsatisfied and hungry. In the same way，artificial sweeteners can leave our brains wanting more，which leads to increased appetite and potential weight gain.____5____，maybe just stick to water. A.As it turns out，neither can your body B.No，this was diet soda and it was awesome C.When you go to a party expecting loads of food D.Drinking diet soda is associated with a disease E.So if you're drinking diet soda to drop a few pounds F.And it potentially leaves extra calories behind which we then store as fat G.So when we taste it，our brains expect more calories than what we give it Ⅲ.语法填空 (2024·惠州高三考试)Sometimes when we eat， what we're hungry for isn't food—it's the taste of the memory.Studies show that foods we think of 1.__________comfort foods don't contain any magical properties.What might be comforting 2.__________(be) the feeling of closeness to other people they can bring. Thoughts about comfort foods 3.__________(link) to calories， warmth or a sense of well­being.But what we don't think about is that comfort foods also provide something social for us， according to Shira Gabriel， 4.__________associate professor of psychology at the State University of New York—Buffalo.Gabriel's study found that people 5.__________have strong bonds with others are more likely to use comfort foods after an argument or other emotionally 6.__________(stress) occasions. Comfort foods are often thought to be rich in calories or full of sugar.Nevertheless， other studies have also 7.__________(evident) shown that the line between comfort and food isn't as clear as “junk food＝happiness”.8.__________(eat) so­called “junk food” does activate the 9.__________(brain) reward system， but the happiness is short­lived because it's not the deep reward of real comfort. But there is something in the ability of comfort foods 10.__________(arouse) the belonging and memory.Taste and smell stay fresh for a long time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 语境5　健康的生活方式(一)　饮食与健康 层级式精练 层级一　基础达标 Ⅰ. 1.①to operate　②into　③operating 2.①herself　②from　③I'm sorry to hear that you are ill and I hope you will recover soon. 3.①(谈判)失败　②(身体)垮掉　③出故障 ④分解 Ⅱ. 1.balanced　2.recovery　3.energetic　4.tasty 5.strengthen　6.necessarily　7.harmful 8.healthy　9.on　10.from Ⅲ. 1.can you get into shape and feel energetic　2.As far as I'm concerned　3.Getting rid of bad habits 4.don't be too particular about 层级二　能力提升 Ⅰ. A 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蛋白质奶昔的优缺点以及是否有必要为了保持健康或者减重而饮用它。 1.A　段落大意题。第二段首句对蛋白质奶昔下定义，后几句是对两种蛋白质奶昔的具体介绍。由此可知，第二段主要讲的是“什么是蛋白质奶昔”。 2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段“Studies indicate that ...want to build muscle.”可知，蛋白质奶昔有助于增长肌肉。 3.A　推理判断题。第一段通过引出分歧意见提出话题。第二段对蛋白质奶昔下定义。第三以及第四段提出蛋白质奶昔的优点。第五段用However进行转折，指出蛋白质奶昔的缺点。第六段总结了蛋白质奶昔的优缺点。 4.B　观点态度题。根据最后一段以及文章整体内容来看，作者对蛋白质奶昔的优缺点以及是否有必要为了保持健康或者减重而饮用它皆有提及。由此推之，作者对蛋白质奶昔的态度是客观的。 B 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。英国儿童超重问题严重，这会带来一系列与健康相关的风险。为此，英国卫生署制定了一些措施来改变学生们的饮食，以保证他们的健康。 5.A　词义猜测题。根据第一、二段内容可知，画线词所在句表示解决这种不平衡的办法。因此Addressing意为“解决，处理”，与A项意思一致。 6.C　细节理解题。根据第四段第三句可知，保证学校菜单上的食谱是健康的能够帮助学生们建立均衡的饮食。 7.D　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句可知，Food for Life学校的学生们不吃水果或蔬菜的可能性比其他学校的学生低三分之一。由此可推知，Food for Life计划是一次卓有成效的尝试。 8.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，该奖项推广的是用新鲜食材现场制作的菜肴。 Ⅱ. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了饮用无糖汽水可能导致疾病和体重增加等。 1.A　文章首句提出了关于一杯普通汽水和无糖汽水的区别的问题，并回答了你不能识别；空后则说这是麻烦的开始，故A选项符合语境。 2.D　空后讲述代谢综合征，包括血压升高、高血糖和体重增加，这些都会增加患糖尿病、心脏病和中风的风险。由此可推测，饮用无糖汽水可能导致疾病。故D选项符合语境。 3.F　空处上句提到无糖汽水中的“欺骗”卡路里最终可能会破坏我们代谢的真正卡路里，空处应承接上文继续说明这种“欺骗”卡路里对身体的负面影响。故F选项符合语境。 4.G　空后用去参加派对期望有很多食物，结果你只吃了一把蔬菜作为比喻，由此可见品尝无糖汽水时，与我们提供的卡路里相比，我们的大脑期望得到比我们提供的更多的卡路里。故G选项符合语境。 5.E　空前讲述人造甜味剂会导致食欲增加和潜在的体重增加，空后建议仅仅坚持喝水，故E选项承上启下，符合语境。 Ⅲ. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。研究表明安慰食品并没有什么神奇的特性，令人感到慰藉的可能是它们带来的和其他人的亲近感。 1. as　考查介词。固定表达“think of ...as ...”，意为“把……看作……”，故空处填as。 2.is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知， 空前为主语从句，空处作主句的谓语。结合语境可知， 此处讲述的是客观事实，时态为一般现在时；单个的从句作主语时谓语动词用单数，故空处填is。 3.are linked　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。结合上下文可知， 此处陈述客观事实，时态为一般现在时；主语Thoughts与link之间是被动关系；主语为复数，故空处填are linked。 4.an　考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处作Shira Gabriel的同位语，是对其身份的介绍，表泛指，且associate的发音以元音音素开头，故空处填an。 5.who/that　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为表示人的名词people，从句中缺少主语，故空处填who/that。 6.stressful　考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词occasions，需用形容词，此处意为“令人在情感上感到压力大的其他场景”，故空处填stressful。 7.evidently　考查副词。空处修饰动词，需用副词，故空处填evidently。 8.Eating　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，“8.　　　　 (eat) so­called ‘junk food’”为非谓语动词短语作主语，且表示“吃所谓的垃圾食品”，故空处填Eating，注意首字母大写。 9.brain's　考查名词所有格。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰空后的名词短语“reward system”，且含所属关系，表示“大脑的”，故空处填brain's。 10.to arouse　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是不定式作后置定语修饰ability，故空处填to arouse。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$