Unit4 Do it yourself 第2课时 Reading-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年八年级英语上册同步学与练（牛津译林版）

Unit4 Do it yourself 第2课时 Reading 目标导航jing 重点 词汇 1. adj. 发疯的 2. adj. 可怕的 3. adv. 曾经 4. n. 错误 5. v. 使充满 6. v. 建议 7. n. 课程 8. adv. 已经 9. adv. 反而，却 10. v. 出席 重点 词组 1. 对……着迷 2. 安装一盏更亮的灯 3. 犯错误 4. 贴一张照片 5. 用……填充…… 6. 不仅……而且…… 7. 建议某人去做…… 8. 上……课程 9. 出席课程，去上课 重点 句型 1. He once tried to a brighter light in his bedroom, but he 他曾想在卧室装一盏更亮的灯，但他犯了一个错误。 2. He hit a pipe and water. 他敲坏了水管，搞得房间里全是水。 3. Now the living room has blue walls a blue ceiling and floor. 现在不仅客厅的墙是蓝色的，就连天花板和地板也是蓝色的。 4. They couldn't stay there because one end of the shelf was the other! 它们(书)无法摆在上面，因为架子的一端比另一端高得多！ 5. I bought some books about DIY for him and I also in DIY. 我给他买了一些关于DIY的书并且也建议他上有关DIY的课程。 知识点睛jing 一．短语be crazy about的用法 教材原文My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY.我的堂兄安德鲁对DIY很痴迷。 短语be crazy about...意为“痴迷于……”。其后常接名词、代词或v.-ing形式。 The boy is crazy about computer games.这个男孩对电脑游戏着迷。 I’m crazy about painting.我对绘画着迷。 练一练 根据汉语意思完成句子 一些孩子痴迷于打篮球。 Some children 　　　　　　　　　　　　    basketball. 二．短语put in的用法 教材原文 He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom,but he made a mistake.有一次,他尝试在他的卧室安装一盏更亮的灯,但他犯了一个错误。 put in sth.意为“安装某物”。 I put in a bookshelf in my bedroom yesterday. 昨天,我在我的卧室里安装了一个书架。 拓展　含put的短语 练一练 根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词 天冷时, 请穿上暖和的衣服。 Please 　　     　　　  warm clothes when it’s cold. 三．mistake的用法 教材原文He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake.有一次,他尝试在他的卧室安装一盏更亮的灯,但他犯了一个错误。 mistake为可数名词,意为“错误,失误”。make a mistake 意为“犯错误”。 Daniel made some spelling mistakes in his homework.丹尼尔在作业中犯了一些拼写错误。 拓展　mistake作动词,意为“误会;误解;看错”,过去式为 mistook。mistake...for...意为“把……错当成……”。 We often mistake Jim for his twin brother Tim.我们常常把吉姆错当作他的双胞胎哥哥蒂姆。 练一练 翻译句子 不要害怕犯错误。    四．not only…but also…的用法 教材原文Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.现在客厅里不仅墙壁是蓝色的,连天花板和地板也是蓝色的。 not only...but also...意为“不但……而且……”,用作并列连词,also有时可以省略,连接两个并列的成分,可以连接名词、代词、形容词、动词和介词短语等。如: Yao Ming is famous not only in China but also in the world.姚明不但在中国有名,而且在全世界也很有名。 He plays not only the piano but also the violin.他不仅弹钢琴,也拉小提琴。 拓展　not only...but also...如果连接两个主语,谓语动词形式需与but also后面那个主语保持一致,即遵循“就近原则”。 如:Not only the students but also the teacher is moved deeply by the story.不仅学生,而且老师也被这个故事深深地打动了。 练一练 —Would you like to tell me some-thing about Yuan Longping? —He’s called “father of hybrid rice” and he helped save     　　    China 　　　    the world from hunger. A.not only;but also　　　　 B.either;or C.neither;nor 五．动词advise的用法 教材原文I bought some books about DIY for him and I also advised him to take a course in DIY.我给他买了一些关于“自己动手做”的书,也建议他学习“自己动手做”的课程。advise为动词,意为“建议;忠告;劝告”。advise doing sth.意为“建议做某事”,advise sb. (not) to do sth.意为“建议某人(不)做某事”。 I advise turning off the lights.我建议关灯。 We advise them to start early.我们建议他们早些出发。 拓展　advice为不可数名词,意为 “建议,忠告”。a piece of advice 意为“一条建议”。 Could you give me some advice on how to learn English well?你能给我一些关于如何学好英语的建议吗? 练一练 —Henry, did you drive back to your hometown during the Spring Festival? —No, I was 　　　    to take the train because the traffic is often the busiest at that time. A.praised 　 B.taught　 C.warned　 D.advised 六．crazy的用法 教材原句：My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY. 我的表哥安德鲁痴迷于DIY。 解析：crazy adj. 着迷的，狂热的；发疯的。 例：Daniel is crazy about computer games.丹尼尔对电脑游戏着了迷。 含crazy的相关短语 be crazy about/on sth 痴迷于、醉心于某事 be crazy for sth 渴望某物 be crazy for sb 迷恋某人 be crazy to do sth 做某事是疯狂的 go crazy over sb 为某人而神魂颠倒 例：My little brother is crazy about football. 我的小弟弟痴迷于足球。 I'm crazy for a computer.我渴望有一台电脑。 七．look的用法 教材原句：But when he finishes，the house always looks terrible!但是当他完工的时候，房子总是看起来很糟糕！ 解析：look是连系动词，意为“看起来，看上去”，后接形容词做表语，构成系表结构。 例：His mother looks very young.他的母亲看起来很年轻。 拓展：英语中，像look这样表示感觉、视觉、听觉、嗅觉等的连系动词还有feel，seem，sound，smell，taste等。 例：The girl seems quite happy.这个女孩看起来很开心。 The idea sounds a good one.这个主意听起来很好。 八．once的用法 教材原句：He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom，but he made a mistake.他曾经试着在他的卧室里安装一盏更明亮的灯，但是他犯了一个错误。 解析：once adv. 曾经，一度。 例：He once lived in Taizhou.他曾经住在泰州。 拓展：once adv. 一次。 例：I go to see my parents once every month.我每月去看望父母一次。 含 once 的相关短语 once more 再一次 at once 立刻，马上 once upon a time 从前 once in a while 偶尔，间或 九．mistake的用法 解析：mistake n. 错误，失误，是可数名词。 例：He made some mistakes in spelling. 他拼写中出了一些错。 Everyone laughed at the boy's mistake.大家都对这个男孩的错误感到好笑。 拓展：mistake vt. 误解，弄错。 例：He mistook what I said.他误解了我说的话。 He often mistakes me for my sister.他经常误把我当作我妹妹。 含mistake的相关短语 make a mistake/mistakes 犯错误，出错 by mistake （由于疏忽）搞错了，错误地 十．put up的用法 教材原句：Another time，he wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall，but he hit a pipe and filled the room with water.还有一次，他想在他卧室的墙上挂一幅画，但是他碰到了水管子而且房间被水淹了。 解析：put up 意为“张贴；举起；抬起；建造”，后接名词时可位于两词中间或其后，但接代词时必须位于中间。 例：We'd better put up a notice here.我们最好在这儿贴一张通知。 Here is a poster. Put it up on the wall.这儿有一张海报。把它贴在墙上。 拓展：put on穿上，上演；put away收拾，放好；put off推迟。 十一．fill的用法 解析：fill vt. 使充满。 例：He filled the bag with clothes.= The bag is filled with clothes by him.他把包里装满了衣服。 拓展：full adj. 满的，充满的；饱的。 含fill及full 的相关短语 be filled with 用……装/填满…… fill in 填写 be full of 充满，装满 the full moon 满月 十二．above的用法 教材原句：When I wanted a shelf above my bed，he said，“No problem!”当我想在我的床的上方安一个书架时，他说“没问题！” 辨析：above，over，on above 两物体不能接触，多用于不垂直的“上方”，反义词是below。 over 两物体不能接触，多用于垂直的“正上方”，与under互为反义词。 on 在……上面，与物体表面接触。 例：The plane flew above the clouds. 飞机在云层上面飞行。 There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。 There is a map on the wall. 墙上有一张地图。中考链接 十三．on the wall的用法 教材原句：He then spent five hours putting up the shelf on the wall.然后他花费五个小时在墙上安了一个书架。 解析：on the wall意为“在墙上”，指某物挂/贴在墙的表面。 例：There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有一幅画。 拓展：缝隙或洞深入墙体，介词应用in。 例：There is a hole in the wall. 墙上有个洞。 十四．advise的用法 教材原句：I bought some books about DIY for him and I also advised him to take a course in DIY. 我给他买了一些关于DIY方面的书，并且也建议他去上DIY方面的课。 解析：advise vt.& vi. 建议；忠告；劝告。 例：I often advise my father to give up smoking.我经常劝我爸戒烟。 He often advises people to use their brains.他经常劝人们多用脑子。 含advise的相关短语 advise sb to do sth 建议（劝告）某人做某事 advise sb against doing sth 劝告某人不要做某事 advise doing sth 建议做某事 拓展：advice n. 建议；忠告；劝告。是不可数名词，可用some，much，a lot of，a little，a piece of/pieces of 等修饰若要说明是某方面的建议时，advice后要接介词on。 例：Let me give you a piece of advice. 让我给你一个忠告吧。 I wonder if I can get some advice from you.我想知道我是否能从你那儿得到一些建议。 含 advice 的相关短语 A piece of advice 一条建议/忠告 give advice 提出建议/劝告 get advice 得到建议 follow one’s advice 遵照某人的嘱咐 take one’s advice 听取/接受某人的劝告 十五．course的用法 解析：course n. 课程；过程。 例：What course are you taking?你在学什么课程？ 拓展：course n. 经过；一道菜。 例：Rivers take their course to the east.条条大河向东流。 The lunch was excellent，especially the first course.午饭非常好吃，尤其是第一道菜。 含 course的相关短语 of course 当然，自然 in course 在进程中 in the course of 在……期间 十六． already的用法 教材原句：But this just made him angry—he says he already knows everything about it. 但这使他很生气——他说他已经知道关于DIY的一切。 解析：already adv. 已经，一般用于肯定句中，常放在be动词、助动词之后，实义动词之前。它常用于完成时，有时也可用于一般过去时或进行时。 例：I've already gone when he came here.他来这儿时我已经走了。 Mr Wang was already beginning his lesson when Tom came into the classroom. 当汤姆走进教室时，王老师已经开始上课了。 辨析：already，yet already用于肯定句中表示“已经”；yet用于否定句中表示“还，尚，迄今”等，用于疑问句中表示“已经”。already既可放在句中，也可放在句首或句末，而yet通常放在句末。有时already用于疑问句中，含有某种感情色彩，表示期待一个肯定的回答或表示惊异。 例：He hasn't finished his homework yet.他还没有完成家庭作业。 Is he back already？ 他已经回来了吗？（表示惊讶） —Has he arrived yet？ 他已经到了吗？ —No,not yet. 不，还没有。 十七．attend的用法 教材原句：So instead，I am reading all the books myself and attending lessons every Saturday.所以相反，我自己正阅读所有的书并且每周六去上课。 解析：attend用作及物动词，意为“参加出席经常去”。 例：Did you attend the meeting？ 你参加那次会议了吗？ Only a few friends attended the party. 只有几个朋友参加了聚会。 We attend the same school. 我们上同一所学校。 I'm the first child in my family to attend college. 我是家里第一个上大学的孩子。 十八.fail的用法 教材原句：Suzy's cousin failed to put in a new light in his bedroom.苏西的表哥未能在他的卧室里安一盏新灯。 解析：fail是动词，意为“未能（做到），失败，不及格”，fail to do sth表示“做某事失败，未能做某事”。 例：He failed the English exam this time.他这次的英语考试不及格。 I failed to finish the work on time.我没能按时完成这项工作。 拓展：fail的名词形式是failure，意为“失败”，其反义词是success，意为“成功”。 固定搭配：never fail to do sth / not fail to do sth 必定，一定做某事。 例：He never fails to come to see me every day.他每天来看我，从不间断。 十九．tell sb not to do sth的用法 教材原句：We add do not/don't in front of a verb when we want to tell people not to do something. 当我们想告诉人们不做某事时，我们在动词前加do not/don't。 解析：tell sb to do sth 意为“告诉某人做某事”，其否定形式是 tell sb not to do sth，意为“告诉某人不要做某事”。 例：Tell him not to come tomorrow. 告诉他明天别来。 拓展：tell后常跟双宾语，即tell sb sth或 tell sth to sb，意为“告诉某人某事”。例：Did you tell her the news？= Did you tell the news to her？你把这个消息告诉她了吗？ 分层练习 【基础练习】 一.根据句意及所给提示完成单词 1.The water is running from those 　　　 (管子).  2.The doctor 　　　 (建议) him to lie in bed for ten days. 3.It took us a whole day to paint the 　　　(天花板).  4.My son is only eleven years old, but he is 　　　(已经) taller than me.   5.I’d like to take a writing 　　　(课程) when I have free time.  6.The book was famous 　　　(曾经). But nobody reads it today.  7.A 　　　(可怕的) earthquake happened in that area last night.   8.The box is f　　　 with books, so it’s heavy.   9.John didn’t a　　　 the meeting because he was ill.  10.Jill is a careless girl and she often makes m　　　 in her homework. 二.单项选择  1.Cindy is crazy about collecting stamps. A.doesn’t like  B.thinks about C.misses D.is very interested in 2.My brother was quite careless, so he 　　　 in spelling in the exam. A.made mistakes  B.made decisions C.made plans 3.—Jim, please help me 　　　 the tent.  —OK. I’m coming. It’s exciting to sleep in it tonight. A.get on　　　 　 B.get off C.pull down　　　　 D.put up 4.In the face of the variation (变异) of the virus, not only China but also other countries 　　　 to take action to fight against the crisis (危机). A.have　　　　 B.has　　　　 C.having   5.Because of the danger, the government advised us 　　　 to the dangerous places less. A.going　 　　　 B.to go  C.not to go　　　　 D.go 6.—It is too cold these days. —Why not　　　　 an air conditioner (空调) in your bedroom? A.put away　　　　 B.put in  C.put on　　　 　 D.put up 7.—Mom, I feel a little bit hungry now. —These cakes 　　　 with chocolate. Have some, please.  A.are filled　　　　 B.filled C.fill　　　 　 D.are filling 三.根据汉语意思完成句子 1.好的学习者不害怕犯错。 Good learners are not afraid of 　　　 　　　.  2.生命中到处充满奇迹。 Life is 　　　 　　　 magic everywhere.   3.我们最好不要对盲盒着迷,否则我们会不停地买。 We had better not 　　　　　　 blind boxes,or we 　　　　　　 them.  4.妈妈经常将我的瓶子里装满热水。 Mum often 　　　　　　　　 hot water.  5.不幸的是,昨晚整座大楼都停电了。 　　　,the whole building 　　　　　　 last night.  6.不仅我而且我的弟弟也爱吃苹果。　　　 I 　　　 my brother 　　　 apples.  7.你能建议他少吃多运动吗? Can you 　　　　　　　　　　　　?  8.有些老年人喜欢一遍又一遍地说同样的事情。 Some old people like 　　　　　　　　.  四.根据首字母提示完成单词,使短文完整、正确 Do you know DIY?It is very popular a　 1　young people.Suzy and her classmates often talk about DIY and enjoy their o　2　works. Suzy has so many tools at h　3　,for example,different kinds of brushes. Every Christmas,Suzy makes a lot of paper c　4　for her friends. I like the card with tall Christmas trees b　5　. When I got the card,I felt so e　6　. How wonderful it is!Now I am a new m　7　of the DIY Club. We have activities on Thursday afternoon. We always sell our works to other c　8　. Then we can raise some m　9　 for the students in poor areas.It’s an e　10　and meaningful thing.  【能力拓展】 阅读理解 A Fan Shenghua, is one of the inheritors (继承人) of West Lake Longjing tea roasting technique (炒茶技艺). He has been making Longjing tea for more than forty years. Longjing tea leaves are famous for their color, taste and shape. “You have to touch the leaves with your hands to feel how much water is being removed (去除),” Fan said. “If too much is removed, the leaves will break into pieces; if not enough is removed, the tea will taste bitter (苦的)”. This traditional technique dates back to the Ming and Qing dynasties. It not only makes the tea taste good, but has also become an important part of Chinese tea culture.  These days, however, more people are using machines to do the job. “It’s easier, but the quality is not as good,” Fan said. “Machine-made tea floats longer in water and tastes bitter.” In March this year, when President Xi Jinping visited Hangzhou, he watched Fan roast tea. Fan changed the strength and movement of his hands as he roasted leaves. Xi later said, “The things made by two palms (手掌) cannot be replaced by modern technology.” Fan is now teaching some young men. His son, a 27-year-old college graduate, is one of them. “It’s a tradition. We need to pass it down,” he said. 1.According to Paragraph 3, what will happen to tea leaves if they have too much water? A.They will go bad quickly. B.They’ll break into pieces. C.They will lose their fresh taste. D.They will have a bitter taste. 2.What does the underlined part “this traditional technique” refer to? A.Picking tea leaves. B.Roasting tea leaves by hand. C.Drinking tea in a traditional way. D.Growing tea plants on the mountains. 3.What does Fan think of making tea by machine? A.It is easier than by hand. B.It has a long history in China. C.It makes tea taste better and better. D.It becomes an important part of tea culture. 4.What can we learn from the last paragraph? A.Fan’s son studies tea culture in college. B.Fan will open his own tea houses in China. C.Fan’s son is learning the tea roasting technique. D.Fan is making this technique popular worldwide. 5.What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A.How to tell good tea apart from bad tea. B.Longjing tea leaves are the best in the world. C.How tea is packed and sent to many different countries. D.Sometimes only by hand can we make the best of the things. B Souffle recipe(舒芙蕾食谱) Ingredients: 　　butter, sugar, milk, flour(面粉), eggs, lemon zest(柠檬皮), vanilla extract(香草精) Directions: 1.Preheat the oven to 175℃. Spread butter on a souffle dish. Roll 1/4 cup of sugar throughout the dish. Let the sugar cover all the inside part of the dish. Then set aside the prepared dish. 2.Mix together 1/3 cup of sugar, 1/3 cup of flour, lemon zest and 1/3 cup of milk. Stir(搅动) the mixture until it forms a batter(面糊). 3.Boil one cup of milk in a pot. Slowly mix the hot milk into the batter. Stir and cook the mixture until it becomes thicker. Stir butter into the mixture. Let it cool at room temperature for ten minutes. Stir in the vanilla extract. 4.Beat(快速搅拌)the egg white until it becomes foamy(起泡沫的). Then add two tablespoons of sugar. Keep beating the egg white until it becomes thick. 5.Gently stir 1/3 of the thick egg white into the vanilla mixture. Then add the rest of the egg white to the mixture and stir carefully. 6.Pour the mixture into the prepared dish. Bake it for 25 to 30 minutes. 7.Now the souffle is done. If you like, you can serve it with powdered sugar(糖粉)and a few berries. 1.What does the underlined word “Preheat” mean in Chinese? A.预热　　　　 B.降温　　　　 C.准备　　　　 D.击打 2.Which of the following is NOT one of the ingredients used to make a souffle? A.Butter.　　　　 B.Flour. C.Lemon zest.　　　　D.Berries. 3.The correct order of the following steps is 　　　.  ①boil one cup of milk in a pot ②stir the thick egg white into the vanilla mixture ③preheat the oven to 175℃ ④stir in the vanilla extract A.①③②④　　　　 B.④①②③ C.③①④②　　　　 D.③①②④ 4.What should we add to the foamy egg white and beat it until it becomes thick? A.Two tablespoons of sugar. B.One cup of milk. C.1/3 cup of sugar. D.1/3 cup of flour. 5.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.First, you should put some jam on the souffle dish. B.Mix the hot milk into the batter before stirring in the butter. C.Bake the souffle mixture for ten minutes and then you can enjoy it. D.You should stir all the thick egg white into the vanilla mixture at a time. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit4 Do it yourself 第2课时 Reading 目标导航jing 重点 词汇 1.crazy adj. 发疯的 2. terrible adj. 可怕的 3. once adv. 曾经 4. mistake n. 错误 5. fill v. 使充满 6. advise v. 建议 7. course n. 课程 8. already adv. 已经 9. instead adv. 反而，却 10. attend v. 出席 重点 词组 1. be crazy about. . . 对……着迷 2. put in a brighter light 安装一盏更亮的灯 3. make a mistake 犯错误 4. put up a picture 贴一张照片 5. fill. . . with. . . 用……填充…… 6. not only. . . but (also). . . 不仅……而且…… 7. advise sb. To do. . . 建议某人去做…… 8. take a course in. . . 上……课程 9. attend lessons 出席课程，去上课 重点 句型 1. He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake. 他曾想在卧室装一盏更亮的灯，但他犯了一个错误。 2. He hit a pipe and filled the room with water. 他敲坏了水管，搞得房间里全是水。 3. Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor. 现在不仅客厅的墙是蓝色的，就连天花板和地板也是蓝色的。 4. They couldn't stay there because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other! 它们(书)无法摆在上面，因为架子的一端比另一端高得多！ 5. I bought some books about DIY for him and I also advised him to take a course in DIY. 我给他买了一些关于DIY的书并且也建议他上有关DIY的课程。 知识点睛jing 一．短语be crazy about的用法 教材原文My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY.我的堂兄安德鲁对DIY很痴迷。 短语be crazy about...意为“痴迷于……”。其后常接名词、代词或v.-ing形式。 The boy is crazy about computer games.这个男孩对电脑游戏着迷。 I’m crazy about painting.我对绘画着迷。 练一练 根据汉语意思完成句子 一些孩子痴迷于打篮球。 Some children 　　　　　　　　　　　　    basketball. are crazy about playing 二．短语put in的用法 教材原文 He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom,but he made a mistake.有一次,他尝试在他的卧室安装一盏更亮的灯,但他犯了一个错误。 put in sth.意为“安装某物”。 I put in a bookshelf in my bedroom yesterday. 昨天,我在我的卧室里安装了一个书架。 拓展　含put的短语 练一练 根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词 天冷时, 请穿上暖和的衣服。 Please 　　     　　　  warm clothes when it’s cold. put on 三．mistake的用法 教材原文He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake.有一次,他尝试在他的卧室安装一盏更亮的灯,但他犯了一个错误。 mistake为可数名词,意为“错误,失误”。make a mistake 意为“犯错误”。 Daniel made some spelling mistakes in his homework.丹尼尔在作业中犯了一些拼写错误。 拓展　mistake作动词,意为“误会;误解;看错”,过去式为 mistook。mistake...for...意为“把……错当成……”。 We often mistake Jim for his twin brother Tim.我们常常把吉姆错当作他的双胞胎哥哥蒂姆。 练一练 翻译句子 不要害怕犯错误。    Don’t be afraid of making mistakes.    四．not only…but also…的用法 教材原文Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.现在客厅里不仅墙壁是蓝色的,连天花板和地板也是蓝色的。 not only...but also...意为“不但……而且……”,用作并列连词,also有时可以省略,连接两个并列的成分,可以连接名词、代词、形容词、动词和介词短语等。如: Yao Ming is famous not only in China but also in the world.姚明不但在中国有名,而且在全世界也很有名。 He plays not only the piano but also the violin.他不仅弹钢琴,也拉小提琴。 拓展　not only...but also...如果连接两个主语,谓语动词形式需与but also后面那个主语保持一致,即遵循“就近原则”。 如:Not only the students but also the teacher is moved deeply by the story.不仅学生,而且老师也被这个故事深深地打动了。 练一练 —Would you like to tell me some-thing about Yuan Longping? —He’s called “father of hybrid rice” and he helped save     　　    China 　　　    the world from hunger. A.not only;but also　　　　 B.either;or C.neither;nor A not only...but also...不但……而且……;either...or...或者……或者……; neither...nor...既不……也不……。根据“He’s called ‘father of hybrid rice’”推知后半部分意为:而且他帮助中国和世界摆脱饥饿。故选A。 五．动词advise的用法 教材原文I bought some books about DIY for him and I also advised him to take a course in DIY.我给他买了一些关于“自己动手做”的书,也建议他学习“自己动手做”的课程。advise为动词,意为“建议;忠告;劝告”。advise doing sth.意为“建议做某事”,advise sb. (not) to do sth.意为“建议某人(不)做某事”。 I advise turning off the lights.我建议关灯。 We advise them to start early.我们建议他们早些出发。 拓展　advice为不可数名词,意为 “建议,忠告”。a piece of advice 意为“一条建议”。 Could you give me some advice on how to learn English well?你能给我一些关于如何学好英语的建议吗? 练一练 —Henry, did you drive back to your hometown during the Spring Festival? —No, I was 　　　    to take the train because the traffic is often the busiest at that time. A.praised 　 B.taught　 C.warned　 D.advised D praise 赞扬;teach 教;warn 警告;advise 建议。本句是说“我被建议去坐火车因为那时候交通通常最忙”。故选D。 六．crazy的用法 教材原句：My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY. 我的表哥安德鲁痴迷于DIY。 解析：crazy adj. 着迷的，狂热的；发疯的。 例：Daniel is crazy about computer games.丹尼尔对电脑游戏着了迷。 含crazy的相关短语 be crazy about/on sth 痴迷于、醉心于某事 be crazy for sth 渴望某物 be crazy for sb 迷恋某人 be crazy to do sth 做某事是疯狂的 go crazy over sb 为某人而神魂颠倒 例：My little brother is crazy about football. 我的小弟弟痴迷于足球。 I'm crazy for a computer.我渴望有一台电脑。 七．look的用法 教材原句：But when he finishes，the house always looks terrible!但是当他完工的时候，房子总是看起来很糟糕！ 解析：look是连系动词，意为“看起来，看上去”，后接形容词做表语，构成系表结构。 例：His mother looks very young.他的母亲看起来很年轻。 拓展：英语中，像look这样表示感觉、视觉、听觉、嗅觉等的连系动词还有feel，seem，sound，smell，taste等。 例：The girl seems quite happy.这个女孩看起来很开心。 The idea sounds a good one.这个主意听起来很好。 八．once的用法 教材原句：He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom，but he made a mistake.他曾经试着在他的卧室里安装一盏更明亮的灯，但是他犯了一个错误。 解析：once adv. 曾经，一度。 例：He once lived in Taizhou.他曾经住在泰州。 拓展：once adv. 一次。 例：I go to see my parents once every month.我每月去看望父母一次。 含 once 的相关短语 once more 再一次 at once 立刻，马上 once upon a time 从前 once in a while 偶尔，间或 九．mistake的用法 解析：mistake n. 错误，失误，是可数名词。 例：He made some mistakes in spelling. 他拼写中出了一些错。 Everyone laughed at the boy's mistake.大家都对这个男孩的错误感到好笑。 拓展：mistake vt. 误解，弄错。 例：He mistook what I said.他误解了我说的话。 He often mistakes me for my sister.他经常误把我当作我妹妹。 含mistake的相关短语 make a mistake/mistakes 犯错误，出错 by mistake （由于疏忽）搞错了，错误地 十．put up的用法 教材原句：Another time，he wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall，but he hit a pipe and filled the room with water.还有一次，他想在他卧室的墙上挂一幅画，但是他碰到了水管子而且房间被水淹了。 解析：put up 意为“张贴；举起；抬起；建造”，后接名词时可位于两词中间或其后，但接代词时必须位于中间。 例：We'd better put up a notice here.我们最好在这儿贴一张通知。 Here is a poster. Put it up on the wall.这儿有一张海报。把它贴在墙上。 拓展：put on穿上，上演；put away收拾，放好；put off推迟。 十一．fill的用法 解析：fill vt. 使充满。 例：He filled the bag with clothes.= The bag is filled with clothes by him.他把包里装满了衣服。 拓展：full adj. 满的，充满的；饱的。 含fill及full 的相关短语 be filled with 用……装/填满…… fill in 填写 be full of 充满，装满 the full moon 满月 十二．above的用法 教材原句：When I wanted a shelf above my bed，he said，“No problem!”当我想在我的床的上方安一个书架时，他说“没问题！” 辨析：above，over，on above 两物体不能接触，多用于不垂直的“上方”，反义词是below。 over 两物体不能接触，多用于垂直的“正上方”，与under互为反义词。 on 在……上面，与物体表面接触。 例：The plane flew above the clouds. 飞机在云层上面飞行。 There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。 There is a map on the wall. 墙上有一张地图。中考链接 十三．on the wall的用法 教材原句：He then spent five hours putting up the shelf on the wall.然后他花费五个小时在墙上安了一个书架。 解析：on the wall意为“在墙上”，指某物挂/贴在墙的表面。 例：There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有一幅画。 拓展：缝隙或洞深入墙体，介词应用in。 例：There is a hole in the wall. 墙上有个洞。 十四．advise的用法 教材原句：I bought some books about DIY for him and I also advised him to take a course in DIY. 我给他买了一些关于DIY方面的书，并且也建议他去上DIY方面的课。 解析：advise vt.& vi. 建议；忠告；劝告。 例：I often advise my father to give up smoking.我经常劝我爸戒烟。 He often advises people to use their brains.他经常劝人们多用脑子。 含advise的相关短语 advise sb to do sth 建议（劝告）某人做某事 advise sb against doing sth 劝告某人不要做某事 advise doing sth 建议做某事 拓展：advice n. 建议；忠告；劝告。是不可数名词，可用some，much，a lot of，a little，a piece of/pieces of 等修饰若要说明是某方面的建议时，advice后要接介词on。 例：Let me give you a piece of advice. 让我给你一个忠告吧。 I wonder if I can get some advice from you.我想知道我是否能从你那儿得到一些建议。 含 advice 的相关短语 A piece of advice 一条建议/忠告 give advice 提出建议/劝告 get advice 得到建议 follow one’s advice 遵照某人的嘱咐 take one’s advice 听取/接受某人的劝告 十五．course的用法 解析：course n. 课程；过程。 例：What course are you taking?你在学什么课程？ 拓展：course n. 经过；一道菜。 例：Rivers take their course to the east.条条大河向东流。 The lunch was excellent，especially the first course.午饭非常好吃，尤其是第一道菜。 含 course的相关短语 of course 当然，自然 in course 在进程中 in the course of 在……期间 十六． already的用法 教材原句：But this just made him angry—he says he already knows everything about it. 但这使他很生气——他说他已经知道关于DIY的一切。 解析：already adv. 已经，一般用于肯定句中，常放在be动词、助动词之后，实义动词之前。它常用于完成时，有时也可用于一般过去时或进行时。 例：I've already gone when he came here.他来这儿时我已经走了。 Mr Wang was already beginning his lesson when Tom came into the classroom. 当汤姆走进教室时，王老师已经开始上课了。 辨析：already，yet already用于肯定句中表示“已经”；yet用于否定句中表示“还，尚，迄今”等，用于疑问句中表示“已经”。already既可放在句中，也可放在句首或句末，而yet通常放在句末。有时already用于疑问句中，含有某种感情色彩，表示期待一个肯定的回答或表示惊异。 例：He hasn't finished his homework yet.他还没有完成家庭作业。 Is he back already？ 他已经回来了吗？（表示惊讶） —Has he arrived yet？ 他已经到了吗？ —No,not yet. 不，还没有。 十七．attend的用法 教材原句：So instead，I am reading all the books myself and attending lessons every Saturday.所以相反，我自己正阅读所有的书并且每周六去上课。 解析：attend用作及物动词，意为“参加出席经常去”。 例：Did you attend the meeting？ 你参加那次会议了吗？ Only a few friends attended the party. 只有几个朋友参加了聚会。 We attend the same school. 我们上同一所学校。 I'm the first child in my family to attend college. 我是家里第一个上大学的孩子。 十八.fail的用法 教材原句：Suzy's cousin failed to put in a new light in his bedroom.苏西的表哥未能在他的卧室里安一盏新灯。 解析：fail是动词，意为“未能（做到），失败，不及格”，fail to do sth表示“做某事失败，未能做某事”。 例：He failed the English exam this time.他这次的英语考试不及格。 I failed to finish the work on time.我没能按时完成这项工作。 拓展：fail的名词形式是failure，意为“失败”，其反义词是success，意为“成功”。 固定搭配：never fail to do sth / not fail to do sth 必定，一定做某事。 例：He never fails to come to see me every day.他每天来看我，从不间断。 十九．tell sb not to do sth的用法 教材原句：We add do not/don't in front of a verb when we want to tell people not to do something. 当我们想告诉人们不做某事时，我们在动词前加do not/don't。 解析：tell sb to do sth 意为“告诉某人做某事”，其否定形式是 tell sb not to do sth，意为“告诉某人不要做某事”。 例：Tell him not to come tomorrow. 告诉他明天别来。 拓展：tell后常跟双宾语，即tell sb sth或 tell sth to sb，意为“告诉某人某事”。例：Did you tell her the news？= Did you tell the news to her？你把这个消息告诉她了吗？ 分层练习 【基础练习】 一.根据句意及所给提示完成单词 1.The water is running from those 　　　 (管子).  2.The doctor 　　　 (建议) him to lie in bed for ten days. 3.It took us a whole day to paint the 　　　(天花板).  4.My son is only eleven years old, but he is 　　　(已经) taller than me.   5.I’d like to take a writing 　　　(课程) when I have free time.  6.The book was famous 　　　(曾经). But nobody reads it today.  7.A 　　　(可怕的) earthquake happened in that area last night.   8.The box is f　　　 with books, so it’s heavy.   9.John didn’t a　　　 the meeting because he was ill.  10.Jill is a careless girl and she often makes m　　　 in her homework. 1.pipes　2.advised　3.ceiling　4.already　5.course　6.once　7.terrible　8.filled　9.attend　10.mistakes 二.单项选择  1.Cindy is crazy about collecting stamps. A.doesn’t like  B.thinks about C.misses D.is very interested in 2.My brother was quite careless, so he 　　　 in spelling in the exam. A.made mistakes  B.made decisions C.made plans 3.—Jim, please help me 　　　 the tent.  —OK. I’m coming. It’s exciting to sleep in it tonight. A.get on　　　 　 B.get off C.pull down　　　　 D.put up 4.In the face of the variation (变异) of the virus, not only China but also other countries 　　　 to take action to fight against the crisis (危机). A.have　　　　 B.has　　　　 C.having   5.Because of the danger, the government advised us 　　　 to the dangerous places less. A.going　 　　　 B.to go  C.not to go　　　　 D.go 6.—It is too cold these days. —Why not　　　　 an air conditioner (空调) in your bedroom? A.put away　　　　 B.put in  C.put on　　　 　 D.put up 7.—Mom, I feel a little bit hungry now. —These cakes 　　　 with chocolate. Have some, please.  A.are filled　　　　 B.filled C.fill　　　 　 D.are filling 1.D　根据句意可知,辛迪沉迷于收集邮票。A项意为不喜欢;B项意为考虑;C项意为思念;D项意为感兴趣。故选D。 2.A　句意:我哥哥粗心大意,所以在考试中出现了拼写错误。make mistakes出错;make decisions做决定;make plans制订计划。根据句意可知选A。 3.D　get on上车;get off下车;pull down摧毁;put up搭建,举起。根据句意可知选D。 4.A　not only...but also...连接主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。主语other countries后谓语动词用have。故选A。 5.B　句意:因为危险,政府建议我们少去危险地方。advise sb.(not)to do sth.意为“建议某人(不)做某事”,根据句意可知选B。 6.B　句意:——这些天太冷了。——为什么不在你的卧室里装上一台空调呢? put away把……收起来;put in安装;put on穿上;put up张贴,搭建,举起。结合句意可知选B。 7.A　此处表达的是“这些蛋糕里面装满了巧克力”,考查短语be filled with...,意为“装满……;充满……”。故选A。 三.根据汉语意思完成句子 1.好的学习者不害怕犯错。 Good learners are not afraid of 　　　 　　　.  2.生命中到处充满奇迹。 Life is 　　　 　　　 magic everywhere.   3.我们最好不要对盲盒着迷,否则我们会不停地买。 We had better not 　　　　　　 blind boxes,or we 　　　　　　 them.  4.妈妈经常将我的瓶子里装满热水。 Mum often 　　　　　　　　 hot water.  5.不幸的是,昨晚整座大楼都停电了。 　　　,the whole building 　　　　　　 last night.  6.不仅我而且我的弟弟也爱吃苹果。　　　 I 　　　 my brother 　　　 apples.  7.你能建议他少吃多运动吗? Can you 　　　　　　　　　　　　?  8.有些老年人喜欢一遍又一遍地说同样的事情。 Some old people like 　　　　　　　　.  1.making mistakes　2.full of/filled with3.be crazy about/be mad about;will keep buying4.fills my bottle with　5.Unluckily;had a power cut6.Not only;but also;likes eating　7.advise him to eat less and exercise more　8.keeping (on)saying the same thing 四.根据首字母提示完成单词,使短文完整、正确 Do you know DIY?It is very popular a　 1　young people.Suzy and her classmates often talk about DIY and enjoy their o　2　works. Suzy has so many tools at h　3　,for example,different kinds of brushes. Every Christmas,Suzy makes a lot of paper c　4　for her friends. I like the card with tall Christmas trees b　5　. When I got the card,I felt so e　6　. How wonderful it is!Now I am a new m　7　of the DIY Club. We have activities on Thursday afternoon. We always sell our works to other c　8　. Then we can raise some m　9　 for the students in poor areas.It’s an e　10　and meaningful thing.  1.among　考查介词。句意:它在年轻人当中非常流行。among在……当中。 2.own　考查形容词及短语one’s own。 根据首字母提示及语境可知,此处填own表示“他们自己的”。 3.home　考查短语at home。根据句中的at和首字母提示可知,应填home。at home在家。 4.cards　考查名词。根据下文可知,她制作了很多纸质卡片,故填cards。 5.best　考查like...best结构。 句意:我最喜欢上面画了高大圣诞树的卡片。like...best最喜欢……。 6.excited　考查形容词。句意:当我拿到这张卡片时,我感到非常激动。excited激动的。 7.member　考查名词。由语境可知,“我”加入了DIY俱乐部,是其中的一员。member成员。 8.children　考查名词。根据语境可知是向其他孩子出售我们的作品。child是可数名词,复数形式为children。 9.money　考查名词。根据句中的raise和首字母提示可知,应填money。 10.exciting　考查形容词。根据上文可知此处表示“这是一件令人激动的和有意义的事情”。exciting令人激动的。 【能力拓展】 阅读理解 A Fan Shenghua, is one of the inheritors (继承人) of West Lake Longjing tea roasting technique (炒茶技艺). He has been making Longjing tea for more than forty years. Longjing tea leaves are famous for their color, taste and shape. “You have to touch the leaves with your hands to feel how much water is being removed (去除),” Fan said. “If too much is removed, the leaves will break into pieces; if not enough is removed, the tea will taste bitter (苦的)”. This traditional technique dates back to the Ming and Qing dynasties. It not only makes the tea taste good, but has also become an important part of Chinese tea culture.  These days, however, more people are using machines to do the job. “It’s easier, but the quality is not as good,” Fan said. “Machine-made tea floats longer in water and tastes bitter.” In March this year, when President Xi Jinping visited Hangzhou, he watched Fan roast tea. Fan changed the strength and movement of his hands as he roasted leaves. Xi later said, “The things made by two palms (手掌) cannot be replaced by modern technology.” Fan is now teaching some young men. His son, a 27-year-old college graduate, is one of them. “It’s a tradition. We need to pass it down,” he said. 1.According to Paragraph 3, what will happen to tea leaves if they have too much water? A.They will go bad quickly. B.They’ll break into pieces. C.They will lose their fresh taste. D.They will have a bitter taste. 2.What does the underlined part “this traditional technique” refer to? A.Picking tea leaves. B.Roasting tea leaves by hand. C.Drinking tea in a traditional way. D.Growing tea plants on the mountains. 3.What does Fan think of making tea by machine? A.It is easier than by hand. B.It has a long history in China. C.It makes tea taste better and better. D.It becomes an important part of tea culture. 4.What can we learn from the last paragraph? A.Fan’s son studies tea culture in college. B.Fan will open his own tea houses in China. C.Fan’s son is learning the tea roasting technique. D.Fan is making this technique popular worldwide. 5.What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A.How to tell good tea apart from bad tea. B.Longjing tea leaves are the best in the world. C.How tea is packed and sent to many different countries. D.Sometimes only by hand can we make the best of the things. 1.D　细节理解题。由短文第三段中“if not enough is removed, the tea will taste bitter”一句可知,如果炒掉的水分不够多的话,茶尝起来会有苦味。故选D。 2.B　推理判断题。由前三段中的描述可知其是指手工炒制西湖龙井茶的技艺。 3.A　细节理解题。由第五段中樊生华所说的话“It’s easier, but the quality is not as good”可知他认为机器制茶更容易,但是质量不如手工做得好,故选A。 4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知樊生华正教一些年轻人学习炒茶技艺,他的儿子也是其中一位,可知其儿子正在学习这门技艺。故选C。 5.D　主旨大意题。通读短文以及由习主席所说的话“The things made by two palms cannot be replaced by modern technology.”可知本文想告诉我们有时候只有用手工才能制作出最好的东西,故选D。 B Souffle recipe(舒芙蕾食谱) Ingredients: 　　butter, sugar, milk, flour(面粉), eggs, lemon zest(柠檬皮), vanilla extract(香草精) Directions: 1.Preheat the oven to 175℃. Spread butter on a souffle dish. Roll 1/4 cup of sugar throughout the dish. Let the sugar cover all the inside part of the dish. Then set aside the prepared dish. 2.Mix together 1/3 cup of sugar, 1/3 cup of flour, lemon zest and 1/3 cup of milk. Stir(搅动) the mixture until it forms a batter(面糊). 3.Boil one cup of milk in a pot. Slowly mix the hot milk into the batter. Stir and cook the mixture until it becomes thicker. Stir butter into the mixture. Let it cool at room temperature for ten minutes. Stir in the vanilla extract. 4.Beat(快速搅拌)the egg white until it becomes foamy(起泡沫的). Then add two tablespoons of sugar. Keep beating the egg white until it becomes thick. 5.Gently stir 1/3 of the thick egg white into the vanilla mixture. Then add the rest of the egg white to the mixture and stir carefully. 6.Pour the mixture into the prepared dish. Bake it for 25 to 30 minutes. 7.Now the souffle is done. If you like, you can serve it with powdered sugar(糖粉)and a few berries. 1.What does the underlined word “Preheat” mean in Chinese? A.预热　　　　 B.降温　　　　 C.准备　　　　 D.击打 2.Which of the following is NOT one of the ingredients used to make a souffle? A.Butter.　　　　 B.Flour. C.Lemon zest.　　　　D.Berries. 3.The correct order of the following steps is 　　　.  ①boil one cup of milk in a pot ②stir the thick egg white into the vanilla mixture ③preheat the oven to 175℃ ④stir in the vanilla extract A.①③②④　　　　 B.④①②③ C.③①④②　　　　 D.③①②④ 4.What should we add to the foamy egg white and beat it until it becomes thick? A.Two tablespoons of sugar. B.One cup of milk. C.1/3 cup of sugar. D.1/3 cup of flour. 5.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.First, you should put some jam on the souffle dish. B.Mix the hot milk into the batter before stirring in the butter. C.Bake the souffle mixture for ten minutes and then you can enjoy it. D.You should stir all the thick egg white into the vanilla mixture at a time. 1.A　根据构词法前缀“pre-”,联系上下文可知本句表达的是:把烤箱预热到175℃。所以Preheat意为“预热”。 2.D　短文Ingredients中提及butter,flour和lemon zest,没有提及berries。故选D。 3.C　根据短文中Directions的步骤可知,首先是把烤箱预热到175℃,然后在锅里煮一杯牛奶,再拌入香草精,最后把浓蛋白搅入香草混合物中,和选项C的步骤一致。故选C。 4.A　根据短文中Directions的第四个步骤可知,要加两汤匙糖。故选A。 5.B　短文中Directions的第三个步骤中的“Boil one cup of milk in a pot. Slowly mix the hot milk into the batter.”“Stir butter into the mixture.”和选项B所述一致。故选B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$