Unit3 A day out 第3课时 Grammar-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年八年级英语上册同步学与练（牛津译林版）

Unit3 A day out 第3课时 Grammar 目标导航jing 重点 词汇 1. pron. 它自己 2. v. 拉；拖 3. n. 岩石 4. adv. 幸运的是 5. n. 攀登者 重点 词组 1. 和……一样开心 2. 没有……高 3. 看起来很棒 4. 他们自己攀岩 5. 伤到自己 　　　　　 6. 他们自己保密 重点 句型 1. The bus is those in the USA. (这里的)公交车跟美国的一样舒适。 2. The Eiffel Tower is the real one in France. 埃菲尔铁塔(模型)没有法国的真的塔高。 3. ， some climbers helped Simon. 幸运的是，一些攀岩者帮助了西蒙。 知识点睛jing 一．keep sth.to oneself的用法 教材原文They kept the secret to themselves.他们保守了这个秘密。 短语keep sth. to oneself表示“不将某事说出去”。 The girl usually keeps her ideas to herself.这个女孩通常把自己的想法藏在心里。 拓展　keep sth. for sb.意为“为某人保守/保存某事/物”。 Thank you very much for keeping the secret for me.非常感谢你为我保守那个秘密。 练一练 根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词 吉姆,不要把烦恼留在心中。 Don’t 　　　    worries 　　　　　　　    , Jim. 二．luckily的用法 教材原文Luckily,some climbers helped Simon.幸运的是,一些登山者帮助了西蒙。 luckily用作副词,意为“幸好,幸运的是”。 Luckily, I caught the early bus.幸运的是,我赶上了早班公共汽车。 拓展    (1)luckily的比较级和最高级形式分别是:more luckily,most luckily;luckily的反义词是unluckily。 (2)lucky是由名词luck加后缀-y构成的形容词;luckily是由形容词lucky变“y”为“i”且加后缀-ly构成的。 (3)lucky的比较级和最高级形式分别是:luckier,luckiest;lucky的反义词是unlucky。 练一练 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 The boy fell off a tree. 　　　    (luck), he didn’t hurt himself. 三、形容词原级的用法 1.说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时用形容词原级。如: The flowers in the garden are beautiful.花园里的花很漂亮。 2.表示绝对概念的副词very,so,too,enough,quite等修饰时用形容词原级。如:The boy is too young.这个男孩太小了。 3.表示A与B在某方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。 (1)肯定句中的结构:“A+as+形容词原级+as+B”。如:English is as interesting as Chinese.英文和中文一样有趣。 (2)否定句中的结构:“A...+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B”。如:This book isn’t so new as that one.这本书不如那本书新。 否定句的结构中部分双音节和多音节形容词除使用“not...as/so+形容词原级+as”结构外,还可使用“less+形容词原级+than”结构。如: He thinks Chinese is less interesting than English.他认为汉语没有英语有趣。 (3)表示“A是B的……倍”时,用“A...+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”结构(一倍:once,两倍:twice,三倍及以上:基数词+times)。如: Our school is three times as big as theirs.我们学校是他们学校的三倍大。 (4)half as+形容词原级+as表示“……是……的一半”。如:Her room is half as big as yours.她的房间是你房间的一半大。 练一练 1.改为同义句,每空一词 Documentaries are less funny than comedies. Documentaries 　　　　　　　　　    funny 　　　　    comedies. 2.瞧!我们大都长得和老师一样高啦! Look! Most of us have grown 　　　 tall 　　　 our teachers!  3.—Is Larry as 　　　 as Oliver?  —No, he isn’t. Larry is shorter. A.taller　　　　B.tall　　　　C.the tallest 四．反身代词 1.反身代词的单复数形式,表格如下: 　　　　数 人称　　　 单数 复数 第一人称 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己 第二人称 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己 第三人称 himself 他自己 herself 她自己 itself 它自己　 themselves 2.反身代词的用法 I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party.(作宾语) The children made model planes themselves.(作同位语) 3.反身代词的常用词组 teach oneself自学 learn by oneself自学 enjoy oneself过得愉快;玩得高兴 help oneself to随便吃/用 come to oneself苏醒 hurt oneself受伤 by oneself独自 练一练 1.As parents, we must ask 　　　:Are we listening? Are we patient enough?  A.us　　 B.ourselves　　 C.me　　 D.myself 2.How delicious! Did the students make the fruit salad all by 　　　? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.they　　 B.them C.their　　 D.themselves 3.Mars Base 1 Camp was built in Jinchang, Gansu, to let young people experience for 　　　.  A.it　　 B.them C.itself　　 D.themselves 分层练习 【基础练习】 一.根据句意及所给提示完成单词 1.I promised Li Ming I would keep the secret to　　　(我自己). 2.It’s not safe to leave a baby in a car by 　　　(它自己).  3.Lucy has learned to manage time by 　　　(她自己)since last term.  4.—Did anyone help them finish the work? —No. They finished it by t　　　.   5.Nobody taught my grandpa how to use WeChat, so he learned it all by h　　　.  二.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.Sandy listened intently to the classical music, losing 　　　(her)in its beauty.   2.When I fell and hurt 　　　(I), my mother encouraged me to stand up and gave me a hug.  3.We couldn’t do all the work by 　　　(us).  4.Someday Changde will become as 　　　(busy) as Shenzhen.   5.We were late for the film The Battle At Lake Changjin, but 　　　(luck), we didn’t miss much. 三.单项选择  1.—Is Larry as 　　　 as Oliver?  —No, he isn’t. Larry is shorter. A.taller　　　　 B.tall　　　　 C.the tallest 2.No one taught the old lady how to use WeChat. She learned it by 　　　.  A.yourself　　　　 B.myself　　　　 C.herself 3.Tony, help 　　　 to some fruit.  A.your　　　　 B.yourself　　　　 C.yourselves 4.Each child can only hand in one piece of work 　　　 in the drawing competition.  A.himself　　　　 B.herself　　　　 C.themselves 5.—Judy, why is your dog barking(吠叫)at the mirror? —Because it can’t recognize(认出)　　　 in the mirror.  A.me　　　　 B.it　　　　 C.you　　　　 D.itself 6.Bill bought 　　　 useful book. 　　　 book is very interesting.  A.a;The　　　　B.a;A　　　　C.an;The　　　　D.an;A 7.—Dad, could you please teach 　　　 English?  —Sure! But it’s more important to learn it by 　　　.  A.my;yourself　　　　B.my;you C.me;you　　 　　D.me;yourself 8.I don’t think Sandy’s drawing is 　　　 Amy’s. Amy’s is more beautiful.  A.as more beautiful as　　　　B.as most beautiful as C.as beautiful so　　　 　D.so beautiful as 9.―I heard that your sister came first in the dancing competition. ―Oh,　　　. You know that isn’t true! She isn’t good at dancing at all.  A.come on　　 　　B.really C.that’s good　　　　D.just so so 10.—Your sweater looks so nice. Is it made 　　　 wool?  —Yes, and it’s made　　　 Shanghai.  A.of;by　　　　 B.of;in C.from;by　　　　D.in;in 11.—Did you find the way to the new bookstore? —Yes. Mr Brown gave me very 　　　 directions.  A.clear　　　 　B.private C.creative　　　　D.different 12After training(训练) for two months, we 　　　 won first prize in the competition.  A.carefully　　　　B.finally　　　　C.usually　　　　D.nearly 13My parents said they would come to visit me. I couldn’t 　　　 to see them after several months away from home.  A.wait　　　　B.help　　　　C.hope　　　　D.choose 14—My parents will take me to Shanghai Disneyland this summer holiday. —　　　.  A.Good luck to you　　　　 B.It’s a good idea C.Best wishes to you　　　　D.Have a good time 四.根据汉语意思完成句子 1.瞧!我们大都长得和老师一样高啦! Look! Most of us have grown 　　　 tall 　　　 our teachers!  2.这个秘密只能我们俩知道。 You and I must 　　　　　　　　　　　　.  3.去年我自学了游泳。 Last year I 　　　 how to swim　　　　　　.  4.温迪决定独自去买东西。 Wendy 　 .  5.我认为英语没有数学难。 I 　　　　　　 English　　　　　　 Maths.   6.看!那位攀爬者正在攀岩。 Look! The 　 .   【能力拓展】 一.根据短文内容回答问题 As an exchange student, I have been in London for about a year now. Before I arrived here, I had no idea what it would be like to study and live in London. Now, I have a clear answer. Eating in London It is easy to find good food in London. There are lots of restaurants and food markets. It is possible to try food from all over the world. Traditional British food like fish and chips, pudding, pie, cheese, tea and cake is delicious. Weather in London Does it always rain in London? No, not really. Sometimes it rains; sometimes it is sunny and beautiful. London’s weather can change very quickly. In fact, Londoners carry both sunglasses and umbrellas throughout the year. Attractions(旅游景点)in London London has many famous attractions, such as the London Eye, the Tower of London and the Science Museum. You can take a double-decker bus(双层巴士). It will show you around the city. The buses stop near most tourist attractions. You can get off at any point. Outside the city there is beautiful countryside and many castles, parks and gardens. In a word, London is a beautiful city. It is a good place for visiting and learning. 1.Why did the writer go to London according to the passage?   2.What is the traditional British food according to the passage?   3.What’s the weather like in London?   4.How many places of interest are mentioned(提及)in the passage?   5.What does the writer think of London?   二.书面表达 请你根据下面的提示,以Millie的名义写一篇旅行日记。 提示:1.去年夏天我和我父母一起乘飞机去北京旅行; 2.我们参观了许多名胜; 3.们还参观了世界公园,我们很兴奋; 4.我拍了许多照片,我自学了如何做主页,我把照片放到了我的主页上给大家看; 5.我们在那儿玩得很开心。我希望有一天能再次参观北京。 Last summer, my parents and I   原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit3 A day out 第3课时 Grammar 目标导航jing 重点 词汇 1.itself pron. 它自己 2. pull v. 拉；拖 3. rock n. 岩石 4. luckily adv. 幸运的是 5. climber n. 攀登者 重点 词组 1.As happy as. . . 和……一样开心 2. not as tall as. . . 没有……高 3. look wonderful 看起来很棒 4. pull themselves up the rocks 他们自己攀岩 5. hurt oneself 伤到自己 　　　　　 6. keep the secret to themselves 他们自己保密 重点 句型 1. The bus is as comfortable as those in the USA. (这里的)公交车跟美国的一样舒适。 2. The Eiffel Tower is not as tall as the real one in France. 埃菲尔铁塔(模型)没有法国的真的塔高。 3. Luckily ， some climbers helped Simon. 幸运的是，一些攀岩者帮助了西蒙。 知识点睛jing 一．keep sth.to oneself的用法 教材原文They kept the secret to themselves.他们保守了这个秘密。 短语keep sth. to oneself表示“不将某事说出去”。 The girl usually keeps her ideas to herself.这个女孩通常把自己的想法藏在心里。 拓展　keep sth. for sb.意为“为某人保守/保存某事/物”。 Thank you very much for keeping the secret for me.非常感谢你为我保守那个秘密。 练一练 根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词 吉姆,不要把烦恼留在心中。 Don’t 　　　    worries 　　　　　　　    , Jim. keep,to yourself 二．luckily的用法 教材原文Luckily,some climbers helped Simon.幸运的是,一些登山者帮助了西蒙。 luckily用作副词,意为“幸好,幸运的是”。 Luckily, I caught the early bus.幸运的是,我赶上了早班公共汽车。 拓展    (1)luckily的比较级和最高级形式分别是:more luckily,most luckily;luckily的反义词是unluckily。 (2)lucky是由名词luck加后缀-y构成的形容词;luckily是由形容词lucky变“y”为“i”且加后缀-ly构成的。 (3)lucky的比较级和最高级形式分别是:luckier,luckiest;lucky的反义词是unlucky。 练一练 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 The boy fell off a tree. 　　　    (luck), he didn’t hurt himself. Luckily 三、形容词原级的用法 1.说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时用形容词原级。如: The flowers in the garden are beautiful.花园里的花很漂亮。 2.表示绝对概念的副词very,so,too,enough,quite等修饰时用形容词原级。如:The boy is too young.这个男孩太小了。 3.表示A与B在某方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。 (1)肯定句中的结构:“A+as+形容词原级+as+B”。如:English is as interesting as Chinese.英文和中文一样有趣。 (2)否定句中的结构:“A...+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B”。如:This book isn’t so new as that one.这本书不如那本书新。 否定句的结构中部分双音节和多音节形容词除使用“not...as/so+形容词原级+as”结构外,还可使用“less+形容词原级+than”结构。如: He thinks Chinese is less interesting than English.他认为汉语没有英语有趣。 (3)表示“A是B的……倍”时,用“A...+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”结构(一倍:once,两倍:twice,三倍及以上:基数词+times)。如: Our school is three times as big as theirs.我们学校是他们学校的三倍大。 (4)half as+形容词原级+as表示“……是……的一半”。如:Her room is half as big as yours.她的房间是你房间的一半大。 练一练 1.改为同义句,每空一词 Documentaries are less funny than comedies. Documentaries 　　　　　　　　　    funny 　　　　    comedies. aren’t as/so，as 2.瞧!我们大都长得和老师一样高啦! Look! Most of us have grown 　　　 tall 　　　 our teachers!  as;as 3.—Is Larry as 　　　 as Oliver?  —No, he isn’t. Larry is shorter. A.taller　　　　B.tall　　　　C.the tallest B　as...as表示同级比较,as...as中间接形容词或副词的原级。故选B。 四．反身代词 1.反身代词的单复数形式,表格如下: 　　　　数 人称　　　 单数 复数 第一人称 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己 第二人称 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己 第三人称 himself 他自己 herself 她自己 itself 它自己　 themselves 2.反身代词的用法 I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party.(作宾语) The children made model planes themselves.(作同位语) 3.反身代词的常用词组 teach oneself自学 learn by oneself自学 enjoy oneself过得愉快;玩得高兴 help oneself to随便吃/用 come to oneself苏醒 hurt oneself受伤 by oneself独自 练一练 1.As parents, we must ask 　　　:Are we listening? Are we patient enough?  A.us　　 B.ourselves　　 C.me　　 D.myself 答案　B　句意:作为父母,我们必须问问我们自己:我们在聆听吗?我们是否足够有耐心?本题考查反身代词。主语是we,所以此处填反身代词ourselves,故选B。 2.How delicious! Did the students make the fruit salad all by 　　　? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.they　　 B.them C.their　　 D.themselves 答案　D　句意:多么美味啊!水果沙拉都是学生们自己做的吗?本题考查代词的用法。they他们,主格,作主语;them他们,宾格,作宾语;their他们的,形容词性物主代词,后跟名词;themselves他们自己,反身代词。do sth. by oneself独自做某事。故选D项。 3.Mars Base 1 Camp was built in Jinchang, Gansu, to let young people experience for 　　　.  A.it　　 B.them C.itself　　 D.themselves 答案　D　句意:为了让年轻人可以亲身体验,甘肃金昌建立了火星基地1号营地。本题考查代词的用法。it指代前文出现的同一物;them他们,宾格,作宾语;their他们的,形容词性物主代词,作定语修饰其后的名词;themselves他们自己,反身代词,与young people对应,for oneself亲身,固定短语。故选D项。 分层练习 【基础练习】 一.根据句意及所给提示完成单词 1.I promised Li Ming I would keep the secret to　　　(我自己). 2.It’s not safe to leave a baby in a car by 　　　(它自己).  3.Lucy has learned to manage time by 　　　(她自己)since last term.  4.—Did anyone help them finish the work? —No. They finished it by t　　　.   5.Nobody taught my grandpa how to use WeChat, so he learned it all by h　　　.  1.myself　2.itself　3.herself　4.themselves　5.himself 二.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.Sandy listened intently to the classical music, losing 　　　(her)in its beauty.   2.When I fell and hurt 　　　(I), my mother encouraged me to stand up and gave me a hug.  3.We couldn’t do all the work by 　　　(us).  4.Someday Changde will become as 　　　(busy) as Shenzhen.   5.We were late for the film The Battle At Lake Changjin, but 　　　(luck), we didn’t miss much. 1.herself　2.myself　3.ourselves　4.busy　5.luckily 三.单项选择  1.—Is Larry as 　　　 as Oliver?  —No, he isn’t. Larry is shorter. A.taller　　　　 B.tall　　　　 C.the tallest 2.No one taught the old lady how to use WeChat. She learned it by 　　　.  A.yourself　　　　 B.myself　　　　 C.herself 3.Tony, help 　　　 to some fruit.  A.your　　　　 B.yourself　　　　 C.yourselves 4.Each child can only hand in one piece of work 　　　 in the drawing competition.  A.himself　　　　 B.herself　　　　 C.themselves 5.—Judy, why is your dog barking(吠叫)at the mirror? —Because it can’t recognize(认出)　　　 in the mirror.  A.me　　　　 B.it　　　　 C.you　　　　 D.itself 6.Bill bought 　　　 useful book. 　　　 book is very interesting.  A.a;The　　　　B.a;A　　　　C.an;The　　　　D.an;A 7.—Dad, could you please teach 　　　 English?  —Sure! But it’s more important to learn it by 　　　.  A.my;yourself　　　　B.my;you C.me;you　　 　　D.me;yourself 8.I don’t think Sandy’s drawing is 　　　 Amy’s. Amy’s is more beautiful.  A.as more beautiful as　　　　B.as most beautiful as C.as beautiful so　　　 　D.so beautiful as 9.―I heard that your sister came first in the dancing competition. ―Oh,　　　. You know that isn’t true! She isn’t good at dancing at all.  A.come on　　 　　B.really C.that’s good　　　　D.just so so 10.—Your sweater looks so nice. Is it made 　　　 wool?  —Yes, and it’s made　　　 Shanghai.  A.of;by　　　　 B.of;in C.from;by　　　　D.in;in 11.—Did you find the way to the new bookstore? —Yes. Mr Brown gave me very 　　　 directions.  A.clear　　　 　B.private C.creative　　　　D.different 12After training(训练) for two months, we 　　　 won first prize in the competition.  A.carefully　　　　B.finally　　　　C.usually　　　　D.nearly 13My parents said they would come to visit me. I couldn’t 　　　 to see them after several months away from home.  A.wait　　　　B.help　　　　C.hope　　　　D.choose 14—My parents will take me to Shanghai Disneyland this summer holiday. —　　　.  A.Good luck to you　　　　 B.It’s a good idea C.Best wishes to you　　　　D.Have a good time 1.B　as...as表示同级比较,as...as中间接形容词或副词的原级。故选B。 2.C　通过“没有人教这个老太太如何使用微信”可知“她是自学的”。learn...by oneself意为“自学……”。故选C。 3.B　help oneself to...为固定短语,意为“请随便吃……”;这话是对Tony一个人说的,应用单数形式yourself“你自己”。故选B。 4.C　Each child形式上是单数,但是从指代意义上来看指代的是所有孩子,所以这里的反身代词用themselves,故选C。 5.D　根据“Because it can’t recognize...in the mirror.”可知,狗在镜子里认不出它自己。故选D。 6.A　句意:比尔买了一本有用的书。这本书非常有趣。useful以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a;第二空特指上句提到的书,用定冠词the。故选A。 7.D　第一空“教我英语”,用宾格me作间接宾语;第二空考查learn...by oneself,意为“自学”。故选D。 8.D　as...as是同级比较句型,中间用形容词或副词原级,其否定形式为not as/so...as,意为“不如……”。故选D。 9.A　come on加油,快点,(口)来呀,(口)得了吧;really真的;that’s good那很好;just so so一般般。根据下文“你知道那不是真的!她一点也不擅长跳舞。”可知选A。 10.B　句意:——你的毛衣看起来很好。它是由羊毛制成的吗?——是的,并且它是在上海制造的。be made of由……制成,从成品中能看出原材料;be made from由……制成,成品中不能看出原材料;当不确定是否能看出原材料时,用be made of和be made from都可以;be made in在某地制造。故选B。 11.A　句意:——你找到去新书店的路了吗?——是的。布朗先生给了我非常明确的方向。clear明确的;private私人的;creative有创造性的;different不同的。根据句意可知选A。 12.B　句意:在训练两个月之后,我们终于在比赛中获得了一等奖。carefully仔细地;finally最后,终于;usually通常;nearly几乎。由句意可知选B。 13.A　句意:我父母说他们要来看我,离家几个月后我迫不及待地想见到他们。wait等待;help帮助;hope希望;choose选择。由“several months away from home”和“couldn’t”可推知“我迫不及待地想见到他们”,故选A。 14.D　句意:——今年暑假我父母会带我去上海迪士尼乐园。——祝你玩得愉快。Good luck to you祝你好运;It’s a good idea是个好主意;Best wishes to you给你最好的祝福;Have a good time祝你玩得愉快。根据语境可知选D。 四.根据汉语意思完成句子 1.瞧!我们大都长得和老师一样高啦! Look! Most of us have grown 　　　 tall 　　　 our teachers!  2.这个秘密只能我们俩知道。 You and I must 　　　　　　　　　　　　.  3.去年我自学了游泳。 Last year I 　　　 how to swim　　　　　　.  4.温迪决定独自去买东西。 Wendy 　 .  5.我认为英语没有数学难。 I 　　　　　　 English　　　　　　 Maths.   6.看!那位攀爬者正在攀岩。 Look! The 　 .   1.as;as　2.keep the secret to ourselves　3.learned/learnt;by myself　4.decided to go shopping by herself 5.don’t think;is as/so difficult as6.climber is pulling himself/herself up the rocks 【能力拓展】 一.根据短文内容回答问题 As an exchange student, I have been in London for about a year now. Before I arrived here, I had no idea what it would be like to study and live in London. Now, I have a clear answer. Eating in London It is easy to find good food in London. There are lots of restaurants and food markets. It is possible to try food from all over the world. Traditional British food like fish and chips, pudding, pie, cheese, tea and cake is delicious. Weather in London Does it always rain in London? No, not really. Sometimes it rains; sometimes it is sunny and beautiful. London’s weather can change very quickly. In fact, Londoners carry both sunglasses and umbrellas throughout the year. Attractions(旅游景点)in London London has many famous attractions, such as the London Eye, the Tower of London and the Science Museum. You can take a double-decker bus(双层巴士). It will show you around the city. The buses stop near most tourist attractions. You can get off at any point. Outside the city there is beautiful countryside and many castles, parks and gardens. In a word, London is a beautiful city. It is a good place for visiting and learning. 1.Why did the writer go to London according to the passage?   2.What is the traditional British food according to the passage?   3.What’s the weather like in London?   4.How many places of interest are mentioned(提及)in the passage?   5.What does the writer think of London?   1.To study and live there. 2.Traditional British food includes fish and chips, pudding, pie, cheese, tea and cake. 3.London’s weather can change very quickly. Sometimes it rains; sometimes it is sunny and beautiful. 4.Three. 5.It is a good and beautiful city for visiting and learning. 二.书面表达 请你根据下面的提示,以Millie的名义写一篇旅行日记。 提示:1.去年夏天我和我父母一起乘飞机去北京旅行; 2.我们参观了许多名胜; 3.们还参观了世界公园,我们很兴奋; 4.我拍了许多照片,我自学了如何做主页,我把照片放到了我的主页上给大家看; 5.我们在那儿玩得很开心。我希望有一天能再次参观北京。 Last summer, my parents and I   Last summer, my parents and I went on a trip to Beijing by plane. It took us about two and a half hours to get there. We visited a lot of places of interest,such as the Great Wall,Tian’anmen Square and the History Museum.  When we got to the World Park,we felt very excited. I took many photos and taught myself how to make a home page. I put photos on it for everyone to appreciate. We enjoyed ourselves there. I hope to visit Beijing again one day. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$