一般现在时态（讲义）-2023-2024学年译林版（三起）英语六年级下册

一般现在时态 小学阶段关于时态的学习最早和练习最多的是一般现在时，小升初考试中要求掌握一般现在时的概念、动词三单变化、助动词的使用、标志词、句型变化、一般现在时和现在进行时区别、一般现在时和一般过去时的区别等，另外，有些学校在分班考中会涉及到主将从现（主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时）在条件句和时间状语从句中的使用。 【知识讲解】 知识点 1——一般现在时的运用（概念解读） 条件 例句 表示现阶段经常发生的动作 I often watch TV at night. 表示现阶段经常存在的状态 The bench is white now. 表示主语的特征、能力或习惯 I can speak English. He likes dancing. 表达客观事实、普遍真理、格言、引用时等 The earth goes around the sun. 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现 在时表将来。 He will fail his exam if he doesn’t work hard. I will be a teacher when I grow up. 知识点 2——动词三单变化规则 变化规则 单词示例 一般在动词尾直接加“s” work—works，dance—dances，write—writes 以字母 ch, sh, s, x 或 o 结尾的动词,在 后面加 “es” pass—passes，fix—fixes，wash—washes， watch—watches，go—goes 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词,把 字母 y 变为 ie 再加 “s” hurry—hurries，study—studies （元音字母+y 结尾按一般情况处理） ★特别注意（不在规则内的动词三单） （be）--is， have—has 知识点 3——一般现在时的句型构成形式 含 be 动词 示例 肯定句 I am… He/She/It is… We/You/They are… 否定句 I am not… He/She/It isn’t … We/You/They aren’t … 一般疑问句 Are you …? Is he/she/it …? Are you/you/they …? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+…? 含情态动词 示例 肯定句 I can + V. 原形… He/She/It can V. 原形… We/You/They can V. 原形… 否定句 I can’t V. 原形… He/She/It can’t V. 原形… We/You/They can’t V. 原形… 一般疑问句 Can you V. 原形…? Can he/she/it V. 原形…? Can you/you/they V. 原形…? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+can+主语+V.原形+…? ★特殊疑问词+can+主语+do+…? (对谓语动词提问) 实义动词作 谓语 示例 肯定句 I +V. 原 … He/She/It + V.三单… We/You/They V. 原形 … 否定句 I don’t +V. 原… He/She/It doesn’t +V. ing… We/You/They don’t +V. 原… 一般疑问句 Do you +V. 原…? Does he/she/it+ V. ing …? Do you/you/they +V. 原…? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+does/do+主语+V. 原形+…? ★特殊疑问词+does/do+主语+do+…? (do 代替被提问的动词) 知识点 4——一般现在时的标志词★★★★ ★频度副词：often, usually, always, sometimes, never, seldom，once a week, twice a year, ★时间词组：every week/day/year/month...on Sundays，in January,in the morning 等。 三、【典例探究】 【例题 1】：My mother usually (get) up early in the morning. 【例题 2】：The earth （be）round. It （run）around the sun. 【例题 3】：Linda (not want) any tea. 【例题 4】：Tony, (cook)some food. 【例题 5】：What his sisters ? A. does，do B. do, do C. do, does D. does, does 四、【课堂运用】 【基础】 【练习 1】写出下列单词的第三人称单数形式： wash guess do match die fix blow rush live study reach cry finish touch have go brush play breath fly teach carry say buy sit run study 【练习 2】否定句练习: doesn't+ V.原形 或 don't +V.原形。 1. She (do)her homework every day. 2. He (live)in Shanghai. 3. He (need)a pair pf shoes. 4.They (see)the apple tree. 5. We (come)from America. 6. The girl (can look)out of the window in Music class. 7. Jenny (sit)on the chair but stands beside her mother. 【练习 3】一般疑问句练习 : 1. the desk (have)four legs? Yes, it does. 2. she (do)her homework every day? Yes, she does. 3. he (live)in Shanghai ? No, he doesn't. 4. he (need)a pair of shoes? NO, he doesn't. 5. Danny (see)the tree? 6. she (come)from America? Yes, she . 7. the girl (look)out of the window and sees many birds in the sky? No, she . 8. (be)there any water in the glass? Yes, . 9. he (play) football? No, he can’t. 【巩固】 【练习 1】用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often (have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy (be) in Class One. 3. We (not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick (not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. they (like) the World Cup? 6. What they often _ (do) on Saturdays? 7. your parents (read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl (teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I (take) a walk together every evening. 10. There (be) some water in the bottle. 【练习 2】按照要求改写句子 1. There are some apples on the tree.(改为否定句) 2. We have many friends. (用 I 代替 We) 3. She is very popular among young girls.(改为一般疑问句) 4. You must litter in the park.(改为否定句) 5. He plays basketball after school. (对划线部分提问) 6. Simon and Daniel like going skating in the park on Saturdays. (对划线部分提问) 【拔高】 【练习 1】选择 ( ) 1. you have a book? A. Do B. Are C. Is D. Have ( )2. They on a farm. A. working B. is work C. work D. is worked ( ) 3. Does Peter like to watch TV? . A. Yes, he like B. No, he doesn’t C. Yes, he’d like D. No, he likes ( )4. She doesn’t her homework in the afternoon. A. doing B. to do C. does D. do ( )5. How Mr. Brown to America? A. do, go B. is, go C. does, go D. does, goes ( )6. Where’s my camera? I it. A. am not finding B. am not seeing C. can’t find D. can’t look at ( )7. How he go to work? He to work by bike. A. does, go B. do, goes C. do, go D. does, goes ( )8. you usually late for school? No, . A. Do, I am B. Does, not C. Are, I’m not D. Are, I aren’t ( ) 9. she home at six every day? A. Is, leave B. Does , leave C. Is , leaves D. Does, left ( ) 10. Mr. Yang English this term. A. teaches our B. teaches us C. teachs us D. teach our 【练习 2】 按照要求改写句子 1. Daniel watches TV every evening. (改为否定句) 2. I do my homework every day. (改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) 3. She likes milk. (改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答) 4. Amy likes playing computer games. (改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) 5. They go to school every morning. (对划线部分提问) 6. He speaks English very well. (改为否定句) 7. I like taking photos in the park. (对划线部分提问) 8. John comes from Canada. (对划线部分提问) 9. She is always a good student. (改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) 10. Simon and Daniel like going skating. (改为否定句) 六、【课后巩固】 【习题 1】 1. Mike (like) cooking. 2. They (have) the same hobby. 3. My aunt (look) after her baby carefully. 4. You always (do) your homework well. 5. I (be) ill. I’m staying in bed. 6. She (go) to school from Monday to Friday. 7. Liu Tao (do) not like PE. 8. The child often (watch) TV in the evening. 9. Su Hai and Su Yang (have) eight lessons this term. 10. My father is very strong. He can (carry) heavy box easily. 【习题 2】改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上) 1. Is your brother speak English? 2. Does he likes going fishing? 3. He likes play games after class. 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. 5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. 作 业 我要提 问 自我评价 A.优秀 （完全掌握，没问题） B.良好 （听得懂、会做题，大部分掌握，有小粗心） C.合格 （听得懂，题目在老师讲完后懂得，考虑不周全，还需要一部分巩固练习） D.小明同学 （还有一部分不太懂，需要返回问老师/不能主动完成练习导致忘记很多） 参考答案： 【课堂运用】 【基础】 【练习 1】答案：washes, guesses, does, matches, dies, fixes, blows, rushes, lives, studies, reaches, cries, finishes, touches, has, goes, brushes, plays, breaths, flies, teaches, carries, says, buys, sits, runs, studies. 【练习 2】答案：1. doesn’t do 2. doesn’t live 3. doesn’t need 4. don’t see 5. don’t come 6. can’t look 【练习 3 】答案： 1.Does,have 2.Does,do 3.Does,live 4.Does,need 5.Does,see 6.Does,come 7.Does,look 8.Is,there is 9.Can,play 【巩固】 【练习 1】答案：1. has 2.are 3.don’t watch 5.Do,like 6.do,do 7.Do,read 8.teaches 9.take 10.is 【练习 2】答案： 1. There aren’t any apples on the tree. 2. I have many friends. 3. Is she very popular among young girls? 4. You mustn’t litter in the park. 5. What does he do after school? 6. Where do Simon and Daniel like going skating on Saturday? 【拔高】【练习 1】答案：1-5 ACBDC 6-10 CDCBB 【练习 2】答案： 1. Daniel doesn’t watch TV every evening. 2. Do you do your homework every day?No,I don’t. 3. Does she like milk?Yes, she does. 4. Does Amy like playing computer games?Yes,she does. 5. What do they do every morning? 6. He doesn’t speak English very well. 【课后巩固】 【习题 1】答案：1.likes 2.has 3.looks 4.do 5.am 6.goes 7.does 8.watches 9.has 10.carry 【习题 2】答案:1.is→Does 2.likes→like 3.play→playing 4.teachs→teaches 5.don’t→doesn’t 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$