精品解析：辽宁省葫芦岛市长江卫生中等职业技术学校2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

2023—2024学年度下学期期末 高一英语 时间：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)（略） 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 一、阅读理解 Trees communicate. They migrate. They protect. They heal. This year for Arbor Day finds our favorite fiction, nonfiction books relating to trees. The Overstory by Richard Powers 2018 The Overstory begins with the nine characters whose lives will come together as the fiction unfolds. Their stories set the stage for a tale about a few environmentalists who are determined to protect an old forest. Richard Powers pulls you into their lives and fills you with astonishing facts about trees. Finding the Mother Tree by Suzanne Simard, 2021 Finding the Mother Tree describes Simard's research on cooperation and coexistence in the forest. “Trees in a forest are often linked to each other via an older tree called a ‘mother’ tree,” Simard said. “And the old trees would help the little seedlings survive at crucial times.” Twelve Trees by Daniel Lewis, 2024 There are tens of thousands of tree species on Earth, but writer Daniel Lewis focused in on just a dozen in his book, Twelve Trees. Lewis believes trees and people have more in common than you might think. “These twelve trees reflect aspects of ourselves. We coexist with them, and thus have a responsibility to understand them better.” The Tree Doctor by Marie Mutsuki Mockett, 2024 A woman helps tend her mother's garden, leading her to confirm what she already knows: Her life as a wife and mother has caused her to ignore herself, and she must prioritize saving herself even more urgently than caring for her mother's flowers. The Tree Doctor is an excellent novel, showing one woman's response to life-changing crises. 1. Which book emphasizes the similarities between trees and humans? A. The Overstory by Richard Powers. B. Finding the Mother Tree by Suzanne Simard. C. Twelve Trees by Daniel Lewis. D. The Tree Doctor by Marie Mutsuki Mockett. 2. What is the central theme of “The Tree Doctor”? A. The significance of self-care. B. The beauty of mother's flowers. C. The role of a woman in tending a garden. D. The challenges of being a wife and mother. 3. What do The Overstory and The Tree Doctor have in common? A. They have the identical plot. B. They are created by one author. C. They come out at the same time. D. They are in the same literary form. The Importance of Being Earnest — Author: Oscar Wilde — Score: 3.825 — Average rating: 4.17/5, based on 277,734 ratings This comedic play by Oscar Wilde takes a satirical (讽刺的) look at Victorian social values while following two men — Jack Worthing and Algernon Moncrieff—as they tell lies to being some excitement to their lives. The Importance of Being Earnest was Wilde’s final play, and some consider it his masterpiece. A Raisin in the Sun — Author: Lorrain e Hansberry — Score: 3.550 — Average rating: 3.76/5, based on 59,314 rating The story follows the Youngers, a working class black family living on the South Side of Chicago who move to an all-white neighborhood during a time of descregration (取消种族隔离). In 1959, Lorraine Hansberry became the first black playwright to get a play produce d on Broadway. Frankenstein — Author: Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley — Score: 7.931 — Average rating: 3.78/5, based on 1,032,148 ratings The story was published in 1818 and introduced readers to Dr Victor Frankenstein, a scientist who brings to life a creature he assembled from discarded corpse (丢弃的尸体) parts. Although Dr Frankenstein is horrified by his creation and abandons it, the creature manages to educate itself and then seeks reverse on his creator. The novel explorers humanity’s desire for innovation and the fear of change it brings. Animal Form — Author: George Orwell — Score: 18.115 — Average rating: 3.92/5, based on 2,377,098 ratings A group of farm animals organizes a revolt (起义) after they realize their master Mr Jones, is mistreating them and offering them nothing in return for their work. When they challenge the leadership, they are discipline d for speaking out. This classic isn’t about animal rights. It is a larger critique (评论) on Soviet Communism. Orwell wrote it as an attack against Stalinism in Russia. 4. If you are doing a project about black people in the US, which book may interest you most? A. The Importance of Being Earnest. B. A Raisin in the Sun. C. Frankenstein. D. Animal Farm. 5. What kind of book is Frankenstein? A. A mystery story. B. A horror novel. C. A fairy tale. D. A biography. 6. Why did Orwell write Animal Farm? A. To promote Soviet Communism. B. To document a historical event in a fun way. C. To raise people’s awareness of animal rights. D. To protest against Stalinist government policies. Every year, Time magazine picks out what it calls “The 25 Best Inventions” of the year. Here, Teens has chosen some of the most interesting ones. Ember Mug It's hard to always keep coffee at the right temperature, especially in winter. It's too hot to drink at first, but before we know it, it gets too cold and loses all its taste. The perfect level of warmth for a cup of coffee only lasts for 37 seconds, which makes the Ember Mug a great invention. It keeps your coffee or tea at a certain temperature, anywhere between 45°C and 62℃,once you set it through a smartphone app. Tasty One Top TV cooking shows make cooking look so easy, but it's almost impossible to get the recipes to cook the same as how the professionals cook. However, the Tasty One Top DIY cooking companion is here to help. Developed by BuzzFeed, the cooker can be connected to a smartphone app, which has more than 1,700 recipes and videos. You choose a recipe and the app will let the cooker know what to do. For example, it'll tell you when to turn your steak or when to add certain ingredients. Jibo Smart speakers from companies like Amazon and Xiaomi have added a lot of fun to our lives, but they are still just faceless speakers. However, Jibo, developed by MIT professor Cynthia Breazeal, has brought smart technology to life. Jibo, said to be “the world’s first social robot for the home”, looks like a cartoon character. Inside its “head”, there are various sensors and cameras, which allow it to recognize faces and speech. It can also set alarms, remind you of important things, tell you the weather and read news or messages from your friends and family. 7. How can Tasty One Top help people? A. By offering cooking instructions. B. By offering people different recipes. C. By saving energy while cooking. D. By offering different kinds of cooking apps. 8. What can Jibo probably be? A. A cartoon character. B. A faceless robot. C A smart alarm. D. A family assistant. 9. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To advertise high-tech products. B. To introduce some new inventions. C. To encourage subscription to Time. D. To tell about some tasty products. Recently, more than 1,000 researchers and executives signed an open letter calling for a pause (暂停) in research on artificial intelligence. The letter warns that AI may threaten jobs, spread propaganda (宣传), and even lead to the “loss of control of our civilization”. Many of the signatories (签署者) are thoughtful and experienced AI practitioners. Their concerns should be taken seriously. On balance, though, their approach is likely to evolve into an opposition to progress. Consider the broader worldview expressed in this document. It said, “Powerful AI systems should be developed only once we are confident that their effects will be positive and risks manageable.” This is a formula for complete stop, as no one can ever be so confident. The history of innovation is one of trial and error, risk and reward. One reason why the US leads the world in digital technology is that it did not constrain (约束) the industry with well-meaning but doubtful regulation. Slowing Al progress, moreover, carries risks all its own. Don't forget that this technology is likely to make the world richer, healthier, smarter and more productive for decades to come. By 2030, it might be contributing more than $15 trillion to the global economy. Advances in medicine, biology, climate science, education, manufacturing, transportation and much more are on the horizon. Any new rules must be balanced against the vast potential of these efforts. Nor is AI research advancing into a void (空白领域). The industry already operates within legal parameters (范畴) in response to potential harms. Companies have ensured their products are safe. Trade associations are developing codes of conduct and ethical frameworks. Far from the“ out-of-control race”, the AI business is constrained by law and politics and consumer sentiment (情绪). It's natural to worry about new technologies, but the wealth and abundance of American society is due in no small part to risks taken in the past, in a spirit of openness and optimism. The AI revolution deserves no less. 10. Why did the researchers and executives sign the open letter? A. Because the research on AI had been paused. B. Because AI had uncontrollably destroyed human civilization. C. Because they were worried about the potential risks of AI. D. Because they were more experienced than others in AI field. 11. Why is the US mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To support that innovation comes from taking risks. B To stress that the US is very important in the digital field. C. To draw attention to the benefits of well-meaning regulations. D. To reveal those people's real purpose of signing the letter. 12. What can we infer from this passage? A. Al technology consumes more money than it can earn. B. Society will hugely benefit from AI technology in the future. C. The AI industry is now developing without any restrictions. D. The development of AI technology is just a solo effort. 13. What is the passage mainly about? A. Regulations on AI are well-intended but doubtful. B. The future of AI is filled with unmanageable risks. C. AI safety concerns justify a temporary research pause. D. A pause in AI would hold back progress in innovation. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Riding a bike boosts mental well-being. ___14___ They don’t see it as work and rather, they see it as fun and freedom. Here are some ideas on how your family can take advantage of this powerful mental health supercharge. Allow kids control. ___15___ We’re guiding kids but giving them agency to make decisions. So, parents might highlight several kid-friendly destinations on a map of the city, and let the child decide where to go and how to get there on the bike. Offer them jobs. ___16___ For instance, whoever is leading the ride gets to be in charge of a pre-ride check: Does everyone have their helmet secured, lights on, and water bottle filled? During the ride, a leader can call out things to watch for, like stones or a stop sign. Focus on the fun. To ensure riders don’t get bored too quickly, build in a fun pit stop rather than making the ride the only focus. ___17___ Adventure can be urban or rural, too. If you live in a city with access to bike parks, join in the fun. For rural landscapes or those with access to bike trails, search for local beauty on the ride. Bring some friends. The benefits of cycling can multiply when it becomes a social activity. Exercise in groups is often more motivating for people. ___18___ A. It’s not too hard to get on a bike, especially for children. B. Self-paced exploration and adventure are key on the bike. C. How, exactly, does one hand over control to children on a bike ride? D. Assigning roles on the bike ride can also provide a sense of control. E. You need to keep your balance and process information from your environment. F. Science has repeatedly proven that cycling contributes to improved mental health. G. Organizing a group ride might be just the ticket to less stressed, more relaxed individuals. 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Spanish class scared me in the freshman year. I knew little Spanish before starting the class, and I thought it would be ___19___ for me. However, Mary, our honored Spanish teacher, who was full of creativity, made her class fun from the beginning. I knew what to expect with a schedule for each week, but there was always some slight ___20___. Before the exam, Mary often asked us to ___21___ our lessons by ourselves. But I could remember one day she said, “This time, let’s play a game before going over what you’ve learned.” The game was so interesting that we all ___22___ ourselves. After the exam, Mary gave us opportunities to make up for our ___23___. After each error correction, she would check again. She took things so ___24___ that she wouldn’t overlook any detail. No wonder she was ___25___ by us. Mary was ___26___ and willing to help, within reason, on everything. We could ask her questions at any time. She encouraged everyone to speak Spanish in class. Because of that, I was ___27___ enough, and then I could communicate with Spanish speakers outside of class. When she knew our problems, she would give advice. When someone was struggling, she would ___28___. Mary’s ___29___ teaching eventually transformed my ___30___ into fascination. She infused (灌输) foreign culture into lessons, using music and dance to ___31___ our language skills. Her personalized attention to each student’s needs fostered a(n) ___32___ environment. At the end of the term, my Spanish improved, and my confidence soared. Mary left a lasting impact on my ___33___ for new challenges. 19. A. exciting B. easy C. boring D. beneficial 20. A. variation B. disturbance C. annoyance D. inconvenience 21. A. explain B. describe C. prepare D. review 22. A. challenged B. enjoyed C. trusted D. developed 23. A. experience B. time C. losses D. mistakes 24. A. seriously B. roughly C. modestly D. curiously 25. A. amused B. respected C. judged D. spotted 26. A. understanding B. humble C. athletic D. courageous 27. A. discouraged B. suspected C. heartened D. comforted 28. A. set out B. reach out C. get out D. make out 29. A. passive B. conventional C. voluntary D. innovative 30. A. fear B. sorrow C. anger D. confusion 31. A. know B. match C. enhance D. assess 32. A. secure B. supportive C. economic D. competitive 33. A. pity B. profit C. debate D. desire 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The popularity of ancient towns in the south of the Yangtze River, such as Zhouzhuang and Wuzhen, has aroused a nationwide trend in the construction of ancient towns. Lin Peng, the director of China’s Institute of Ancient Cities and Cultural Studies, pointed ____34____ that there are more than 2,800 developed or developing ancient towns in our country, ____35____ is definitely the highest number globally. In ancient towns, ____36____ immersive (沉浸式) experience being mentioned here is historical and cultural characteristics — the “ancient” of ancient towns. Apart from visible “special buildings”, characteristics also include invisible “culture”. Tourists in ancient towns want to see the living ____37____ (condition) of local people, feel the vitality of town life, try characteristic local snacks ____38____ (influence) by geography and folk customs, and understand how long history ____39____ (shape) local culture. Out of modern fast-paced work and life, tourists want to awaken their inner softness with a slow-moving ancient town. Touring ancient towns is for recreation, relaxation, and pleasure, ____40____ if all the ancient towns in different places are the same and cannot find their own ____41____ (unique), then ancient town tourism will ____42____ (eventual) decline. Let every ancient town become a unique historical imprint (印记), so that tourists can find their “poetry and distance” while _____43_____ (wander) through the ancient towns. This is the soul that ancient towns need to regain. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 44. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter对你们班最近举办的“养成学习好习惯”的主题活动很感兴趣。请你给他回信介绍此次活动。内容包括： 1.举办此次活动的目的； 2.你养成某个好习惯的过程； 3.你的收获。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 45. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 注意：1.续写的词数应为150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Catherine was the coolest kid in her class. Wherever she went, she was in the spotlight, with a bunch of kids following her and doing everything she did. Her desk mate, Landy, however, was not in the cool kids' group. Being the tallest kid in her class, she was teased by her classmates, who were always chanting “Landy, Landy, long as spaghetti(意大利面)”. Every time Landy heard those silly chants, she could feel her face burst into flames. God knew how she wished the ground to crack and swallow her! Catherine didn't really like it when the kids chanted“ Landy, Landy, long as spaghetti”. But she never told them to stop either, and nor did she ever talk to her. She liked being popular. One weekend, Catherine went over to her grandfather for Thanksgiving. Her grandfather lives on a farm at the opposite end of town, where he keeps chickens. While helping to feed the chickens, Catherine noticed a peculiar one. Curling in the corner, it looked smaller than the others and was almost half-bare! “What's the matter with it?” She asked her grandfather, with a puzzled frown on her face. Her grandfather told her how chickens could act. “They have a pecking(啄) order,” he explained, wrinkles of concern spreading around his forehead. “If one chicken is different, the others will push it away and keep pecking it. Sometimes they peck it so much that it dies.” “Oh, what a poor little thing!” Catherine let out a sigh as she scooped(捧起) the frightened chicken up in her arms, whose heart was beating fast in the bony little body. Suddenly, she thought of Landy, the girl being “pecked” by her classmates. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Hey, guys, that's enough!” Catherine's voice was firm and loud. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023—2024学年度下学期期末 高一英语 时间：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)（略） 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 一、阅读理解 Trees communicate. They migrate. They protect. They heal. This year for Arbor Day finds our favorite fiction, nonfiction books relating to trees. The Overstory by Richard Powers, 2018 The Overstory begins with the nine characters whose lives will come together as the fiction unfolds. Their stories set the stage for a tale about a few environmentalists who are determined to protect an old forest. Richard Powers pulls you into their lives and fills you with astonishing facts about trees. Finding the Mother Tree by Suzanne Simard, 2021 Finding the Mother Tree describes Simard's research on cooperation and coexistence in the forest. “Trees in a forest are often linked to each other via an older tree called a ‘mother’ tree,” Simard said. “And the old trees would help the little seedlings survive at crucial times.” Twelve Trees by Daniel Lewis, 2024 There are tens of thousands of tree species on Earth but writer Daniel Lewis focused in on just a dozen in his book, Twelve Trees. Lewis believes trees and people have more in common than you might think. “These twelve trees reflect aspects of ourselves. We coexist with them, and thus have a responsibility to understand them better.” The Tree Doctor by Marie Mutsuki Mockett, 2024 A woman helps tend her mother's garden, leading her to confirm what she already knows: Her life as a wife and mother has caused her to ignore herself, and she must prioritize saving herself even more urgently than caring for her mother's flowers. The Tree Doctor is an excellent novel, showing one woman's response to life-changing crises. 1. Which book emphasizes the similarities between trees and humans? A. The Overstory by Richard Powers. B. Finding the Mother Tree by Suzanne Simard. C. Twelve Trees by Daniel Lewis. D. The Tree Doctor by Marie Mutsuki Mockett. 2. What is the central theme of “The Tree Doctor”? A. The significance of self-care. B. The beauty of mother's flowers. C. The role of a woman in tending a garden. D. The challenges of being a wife and mother. 3. What do The Overstory and The Tree Doctor have in common? A. They have the identical plot. B. They are created by one author. C. They come out at the same time. D. They are in the same literary form. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四本与树木相关的书籍，每本书都从不同的角度探讨了树木及其与人类的关系。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章中对《Twelve Trees》的介绍“Lewis believes trees and people have more in common than you might think. “These twelve trees reflect aspects of ourselves. We coexist with them, and thus have a responsibility to understand them better.””(刘易斯认为树木和人类之间的共同点比你想象的要多。“这十二棵树反映了我们的某些方面。我们与它们共存，因此有责任更好地了解它们。”)可知，《Twelve Trees》强调了树木和人类之间的相似性，故选C项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章中对《The Tree Doctor》的介绍“A woman helps tend her mother's garden, leading her to confirm what she already knows: Her life as a wife and mother has caused her to ignore herself, and she must prioritize saving herself even more urgently than caring for her mother's flowers.”(一个女人帮助照顾她母亲的花园，这让她确认了她已经知道的事情：作为一个妻子和母亲的生活使她忽视了自己，她必须更紧迫地优先考虑拯救自己，而不是照顾她母亲的花。)可知，《The Tree Doctor》的中心主题是自我关怀的重要性，故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章中对《The Overstory》的介绍“The Overstory begins with the nine characters whose lives will come together as the fiction unfolds. Their stories set the stage for a tale about a few environmentalists who are determined to protect an old forest. Richard Powers pulls you into their lives and fills you with astonishing facts about trees(《树冠》以九个角色开场，随着小说的展开，他们的生活将交织在一起。他们的故事为一个关于几位决心保护一片古老森林的环保主义者的故事奠定了基础。理查德·鲍尔斯将你带入他们的生活，并让你充满关于树木的惊人事实)”以及《The Tree Doctor》的介绍“A woman helps tend her mother's garden, leading her to confirm what she already knows: Her life as a wife and mother has caused her to ignore herself, and she must prioritize saving herself even more urgently than caring for her mother's flowers.”(一个女人帮助照顾她母亲的花园，这让她确认了她已经知道的事情：作为一个妻子和母亲的生活使她忽视了自己，她必须更紧迫地优先考虑拯救自己，而不是照顾她母亲的花。)可知，这两本书都是小说，即它们具有相同的文学形式，故选D项。 The Importance of Being Earnest — Author: Oscar Wilde — Score: 3.825 — Average rating: 4.17/5, based on 277,734 ratings This comedic play by Oscar Wilde takes a satirical (讽刺的) look at Victorian social values while following two men — Jack Worthing and Algernon Moncrieff—as they tell lies to being some excitement to their lives. The Importance of Being Earnest was Wilde’s final play, and some consider it his masterpiece. A Raisin in the Sun — Author: Lorrain e Hansberry — Score: 3.550 — Average rating: 3.76/5, based on 59,314 rating The story follows the Youngers, a working class black family living on the South Side of Chicago who move to an all-white neighborhood during a time of descregration (取消种族隔离). In 1959, Lorraine Hansberry became the first black playwright to get a play produce d on Broadway. Frankenstein — Author: Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley — Score: 7.931 — Average rating: 3.78/5, based on 1,032,148 ratings The story was published in 1818 and introduced readers to Dr Victor Frankenstein, a scientist who brings to life a creature he assembled from discarded corpse (丢弃的尸体) parts. Although Dr Frankenstein is horrified by his creation and abandons it, the creature manages to educate itself and then seeks reverse on his creator. The novel explorers humanity’s desire for innovation and the fear of change it brings. Animal Form — Author: George Orwell — Score: 18.115 — Average rating: 3.92/5, based on 2,377,098 ratings A group of farm animals organizes a revolt (起义) after they realize their master, Mr Jones, is mistreating them and offering them nothing in return for their work. When they challenge the leadership, they are discipline d for speaking out. This classic isn’t about animal rights. It is a larger critique (评论) on Soviet Communism. Orwell wrote it as an attack against Stalinism in Russia. 4. If you are doing a project about black people in the US, which book may interest you most? A. The Importance of Being Earnest. B. A Raisin in the Sun. C. Frankenstein. D. Animal Farm. 5. What kind of book is Frankenstein? A. A mystery story. B. A horror novel. C. A fairy tale. D. A biography. 6. Why did Orwell write Animal Farm? A. To promote Soviet Communism. B. To document a historical event in a fun way. C. To raise people’s awareness of animal rights. D. To protest against Stalinist government policies. 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了几部文学作品，包含了四部著名作品的基本信息、评分、平均评分以及基于读者评价的数量。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据材料中关于《A Raisin in the Sun》的描述“The story follows the Youngers, a working class black family living on the South Side of Chicago who move to an all-white neighborhood during a time of desegregation.(这个故事讲述了尤格斯一家，一个居住在芝加哥南区的工人阶级黑人家庭，在取消种族隔离时期搬到了一个全白人社区。)”可知，这本书讲述了一个黑人家庭在种族隔离取消时期搬到一个全是白人的社区的故事。因此，如果你正在做一个关于美国黑人的项目，这本书可能会最吸引你。故选B项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据材料中关于《Frankenstein》的描述“The story was published in 1818 and introduced readers to Dr Victor Frankenstein, a scientist who brings to life a creature he assembled from discarded corpse parts. Although Dr Frankenstein is horrified by his creation and abandons it, the creature manages to educate itself and then seeks reverse on his creator.(这个故事发表于1818年，向读者介绍了维克多·弗兰肯斯坦博士，这位科学家用丢弃的尸体部件组装并赋予了一个生物生命。虽然弗兰肯斯坦博士被他的创造吓坏了，抛弃了它，但这个生物设法自我教育，然后寻求逆转他的创造者)”可知，这本书讲述了一个科学家创造了一个由丢弃的尸体部分组成的生物的故事。这符合恐怖小说的特点，故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据材料中关于《Animal Farm》的描述“Orwell wrote it as an attack against Stalinism in Russia.(奥威尔写这部作品是为了抨击在俄罗斯的斯大林主义。)”可知，奥威尔写这本书是为了抗议俄罗斯的斯大林主义政策。故选D项。 Every year, Time magazine picks out what it calls “The 25 Best Inventions” of the year. Here, Teens has chosen some of the most interesting ones. Ember Mug It's hard to always keep coffee at the right temperature, especially in winter. It's too hot to drink at first, but before we know it, it gets too cold and loses all its taste. The perfect level of warmth for a cup of coffee only lasts for 37 seconds, which makes the Ember Mug a great invention. It keeps your coffee or tea at a certain temperature, anywhere between 45°C and 62℃,once you set it through a smartphone app. Tasty One Top TV cooking shows make cooking look so easy, but it's almost impossible to get the recipes to cook the same as how the professionals cook. However, the Tasty One Top DIY cooking companion is here to help. Developed by BuzzFeed, the cooker can be connected to a smartphone app, which has more than 1,700 recipes and videos. You choose a recipe and the app will let the cooker know what to do. For example, it'll tell you when to turn your steak or when to add certain ingredients. Jibo Smart speakers from companies like Amazon and Xiaomi have added a lot of fun to our lives, but they are still just faceless speakers. However, Jibo, developed by MIT professor Cynthia Breazeal, has brought smart technology to life. Jibo, said to be “the world’s first social robot for the home”, looks like a cartoon character. Inside its “head”, there are various sensors and cameras, which allow it to recognize faces and speech. It can also set alarms, remind you of important things, tell you the weather and read news or messages from your friends and family. 7. How can Tasty One Top help people? A. By offering cooking instructions. B. By offering people different recipes. C. By saving energy while cooking. D. By offering different kinds of cooking apps. 8. What can Jibo probably be? A. A cartoon character. B. A faceless robot. C. A smart alarm. D. A family assistant. 9. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To advertise high-tech products. B. To introduce some new inventions. C. To encourage subscription to Time. D. To tell about some tasty products. 【答案】7. A 8. D 9. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三项发明。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“TV cooking shows make cooking look so easy, but it’s almost impossible to get the recipes to cook the same as how the professionals cook. However, the Tasty One Top DIY cooking companion is here to help.(电视烹饪节目让烹饪看起来很容易，但几乎不可能得到与专业厨师烹饪相同的菜谱。不过，Tasty One Top的DIY烹饪伙伴在这里可以提供帮助)”以及“For example, it’ll tell you when to turn your steak or when to add certain ingredients.(例如，它会告诉你什么时候翻牛排，什么时候加入某些配料)”可知，Tasty One Top通过提供烹饪指导帮助人们。故选A。 8题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Said to be“the world’s first social robot for the home”, Jibo looks like a cartoon character.(Jibo据说是“世界上第一个家庭社交机器人”，它看起来像一个卡通人物)”以及“It can also set alarms, remind you of important things, tell you the weather and read news or messages from your friends and family.(它还可以设置闹钟，提醒你重要的事情，告诉你天气，阅读新闻或你的朋友和家人的消息)”可知，Jibo可能是家庭助手。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Every year, Time magazine picks out what it calls “The 25 Best Inventions” of the year. Here, Teens has chosen some of the most interesting ones.(每年，《时代》杂志都会选出年度“25项最佳发明”。在这里，《青少年》选择了一些最有趣的)”结合文章主要介绍了三项发明。可推知，这篇文章的目的是介绍一些新发明。故选B。 Recently, more than 1,000 researchers and executives signed an open letter calling for a pause (暂停) in research on artificial intelligence. The letter warns that AI may threaten jobs, spread propaganda (宣传), and even lead to the “loss of control of our civilization”. Many of the signatories (签署者) are thoughtful and experienced AI practitioners. Their concerns should be taken seriously. On balance, though, their approach is likely to evolve into an opposition to progress. Consider the broader worldview expressed in this document. It said, “Powerful AI systems should be developed only once we are confident that their effects will be positive and risks manageable.” This is a formula for complete stop, as no one can ever be so confident. The history of innovation is one of trial and error, risk and reward. One reason why the US leads the world in digital technology is that it did not constrain (约束) the industry with well-meaning but doubtful regulation. Slowing Al progress, moreover, carries risks all its own. Don't forget that this technology is likely to make the world richer, healthier, smarter and more productive for decades to come. By 2030, it might be contributing more than $15 trillion to the global economy. Advances in medicine, biology, climate science, education, manufacturing, transportation and much more are on the horizon. Any new rules must be balanced against the vast potential of these efforts. Nor is AI research advancing into a void (空白领域). The industry already operates within legal parameters (范畴) in response to potential harms. Companies have ensured their products are safe. Trade associations are developing codes of conduct and ethical frameworks. Far from the“ out-of-control race”, the AI business is constrained by law and politics and consumer sentiment (情绪). It's natural to worry about new technologies, but the wealth and abundance of American society is due in no small part to risks taken in the past, in a spirit of openness and optimism. The AI revolution deserves no less. 10. Why did the researchers and executives sign the open letter? A. Because the research on AI had been paused. B. Because AI had uncontrollably destroyed human civilization. C. Because they were worried about the potential risks of AI. D. Because they were more experienced than others in AI field. 11. Why is the US mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To support that innovation comes from taking risks. B. To stress that the US is very important in the digital field. C. To draw attention to the benefits of well-meaning regulations. D. To reveal those people's real purpose of signing the letter. 12. What can we infer from this passage? A. Al technology consumes more money than it can earn. B. Society will hugely benefit from AI technology in the future. C. The AI industry is now developing without any restrictions. D. The development of AI technology is just a solo effort. 13. What is the passage mainly about? A. Regulations on AI are well-intended but doubtful. B The future of AI is filled with unmanageable risks. C. AI safety concerns justify a temporary research pause. D. A pause in AI would hold back progress in innovation. 【答案】10. C 11. A 12. B 13. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。最近，1000多名研究人员和高管签署了一封公开信，呼吁暂停人工智能的研究。这封信警告说，人工智能可能会威胁到就业，传播宣传，甚至导致“对我们文明的失控”。许多签名者都是深思熟虑且经验丰富的人工智能从业者。他们的担忧应该得到认真对待。但总的来说，他们的做法很可能演变成反对进步。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The letter warns that AI may threaten jobs, spread propaganda (宣传), and even lead to the “loss of control of our civilization”.(这封信警告说，人工智能可能会威胁到就业，传播宣传，甚至导致“对我们文明的失控”)”可知，研究人员和高管们签署了这封公开信是因为他们担心人工智能的潜在风险。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The history of innovation is one of trial and error, risk and reward. One reason why the US leads the world in digital technology is that it did not constrain the industry with well-meaning but doubtful regulation.(创新的历史是一部试错、冒险和回报的历史。美国在数字技术领域领先世界的一个原因是，它没有用善意但令人怀疑的监管来限制该行业)”可推知，第3段提到了美国是为了支持创新需要承担风险的论点。故选A。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Advances in medicine, biology, climate science, education, manufacturing, transportation and much more are on the horizon. Any new rules must be balanced against the vast potential of these efforts.(医学、生物学、气候科学、教育、制造业、交通运输等领域的进步即将到来。任何新规则都必须与这些努力的巨大潜力相平衡)”根据文章最后一段“It's natural to worry about new technologies, but the wealth and abundance of American society is due in no small part to risks taken in the past, in a spirit of openness and optimism. The AI revolution deserves no less.”（担心新技术是很自然的，但美国社会的财富和丰富多彩在很大程度上要归功于过去冒险的精神，这种精神是开放和乐观的。人工智能革命也应该得到同样的待遇）可推知，未来社会将从AI技术中获得巨大的利益。故选B。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Recently, more than 1,000 researchers and executives signed an open letter calling for a pause (暂停) in research on artificial intelligence. The letter warns that AI may threaten jobs, spread propaganda(宣传), and even lead to the “loss of control of our civilization”. Many of the signatories(签署者) are thoughtful and experienced AI practitioners. Their concerns should be taken seriously. On balance, though, their approach is likely to evolve into an opposition to progress.”（ 近，1000多名研究人员和高管签署了一封公开信，呼吁暂停人工智能的研究。这封信警告说，人工智能可能会威胁到就业，传播宣传，甚至导致“对我们文明的失控”。许多签名者都是深思熟虑且经验丰富的人工智能从业者。他们的担忧应该得到认真对待。但总的来说，他们的做法很可能演变成反对进步。）可知，短文主要是说人工智能的停滞将阻碍创新的进步。故选D。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Riding a bike boosts mental well-being. ___14___ They don’t see it as work and rather, they see it as fun and freedom. Here are some ideas on how your family can take advantage of this powerful mental health supercharge. Allow kids control. ___15___ We’re guiding kids but giving them agency to make decisions. So, parents might highlight several kid-friendly destinations on a map of the city, and let the child decide where to go and how to get there on the bike. Offer them jobs. ___16___ For instance, whoever is leading the ride gets to be in charge of a pre-ride check: Does everyone have their helmet secured, lights on, and water bottle filled? During the ride, a leader can call out things to watch for, like stones or a stop sign. Focus on the fun. To ensure riders don’t get bored too quickly, build in a fun pit stop rather than making the ride the only focus. ___17___ Adventure can be urban or rural, too. If you live in a city with access to bike parks, join in the fun. For rural landscapes or those with access to bike trails, search for local beauty on the ride. Bring some friends. The benefits of cycling can multiply when it becomes a social activity. Exercise in groups is often more motivating for people. ___18___ A. It’s not too hard to get on a bike, especially for children. B. Self-paced exploration and adventure are key on the bike. C. How, exactly, does one hand over control to children on a bike ride? D. Assigning roles on the bike ride can also provide a sense of control. E. You need to keep your balance and process information from your environment. F. Science has repeatedly proven that cycling contributes to improved mental health. G. Organizing a group ride might be just the ticket to less stressed, more relaxed individuals. 【答案】14. A 15. C 16. D 17. B 18. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就骑行车获得乐趣提出了一些建议。 【14题详解】 根据上文“Riding a bike boosts mental well-being.(骑自行车促进心理健康)”以及后文“They don’t see it as work and rather, they see it as fun and freedom. Here are some ideas on how your family can take advantage of this powerful mental health supercharge.(他们不认为这是工作，相反，他们认为这是一种乐趣和自由。这里有一些关于你的家人如何利用这种强大的心理健康增压的想法)”可知，本句主要说明某类人对骑自行车的看法，A选项中children对应后文They。故A选项“骑自行车并不难，尤其是对孩子来说”符合语境，故选A。 【15题详解】 根据后文“We’re guiding kids but giving them agency to make decisions. So, parents might highlight several kid-friendly destinations on a map of the city, and let the child decide where to go and how to get there on the bike.(我们在引导孩子，但给他们做决定的权力。因此，父母可能会在城市地图上标出几个适合孩子的目的地，让孩子决定去哪里以及如何骑自行车到达那里)”可知，后文论述了把控制权教给孩子的方法。故C选项“一个人到底如何把控制权交给骑自行车的孩子？”符合语境，故选C。 【16题详解】 根据后文“For instance, whoever is leading the ride gets to be in charge of a pre-ride check: Does everyone have their helmet secured, lights on, and water bottle filled? During the ride, a leader can call out things to watch for, like stones or a stop sign.(例如，无论是谁带队，都要负责乘车前的检查：每个人的头盔都系好了吗？灯都亮了吗？水瓶都装满了吗？在骑行过程中，领队可以喊出需要注意的东西，比如石头或停车标志)”可知，后文主要说明了通过分配角色来获得控制感。故D选项“在骑车时分配角色也能提供一种控制感”符合语境，故选D。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Focus on the fun. To ensure riders don’t get bored too quickly, build in a fun pit stop rather than making the ride the only focus.(专注于乐趣。为了确保车手不会很快感到无聊，建立一个有趣的中途停车，而不是让骑行成为唯一的焦点)”以及后文“Adventure can be urban or rural, too. If you live in a city with access to bike parks, join in the fun. For rural landscapes or those with access to bike trails, search for local beauty on the ride.(冒险可以是城市的，也可以是乡村的。如果你住在一个有自行车停车场的城市，那就加入其中吧。对于乡村风景或有自行车道的地方，可以在骑行中寻找当地的美景)”可知，后文提到了冒险的地点，可知本句是在建议自行车冒险。故B选项“自主探索和冒险是骑自行车的关键”符合语境，故选B。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Bring some friends. The benefits of cycling can multiply when it becomes a social activity. Exercise in groups is often more motivating for people.(带上一些朋友。当骑车成为一种社会活动时，它的好处就会成倍增加。集体锻炼通常更能激励人们)”可知，上文提到了集体锻炼，本句为本段最后一句，承接上文说明其好处。故G选项“组织团体旅行可能正是那些压力较小、更放松的人的门票”符合语境，故选G。 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Spanish class scared me in the freshman year. I knew little Spanish before starting the class, and I thought it would be ___19___ for me. However, Mary, our honored Spanish teacher, who was full of creativity, made her class fun from the beginning. I knew what to expect with a schedule for each week, but there was always some slight ___20___. Before the exam, Mary often asked us to ___21___ our lessons by ourselves. But I could remember one day she said, “This time, let’s play a game before going over what you’ve learned.” The game was so interesting that we all ___22___ ourselves. After the exam, Mary gave us opportunities to make up for our ___23___. After each error correction, she would check again. She took things so ___24___ that she wouldn’t overlook any detail. No wonder she was ___25___ by us. Mary was ___26___ and willing to help, within reason, on everything. We could ask her questions at any time. She encouraged everyone to speak Spanish in class. Because of that, I was ___27___ enough, and then I could communicate with Spanish speakers outside of class. When she knew our problems, she would give advice. When someone was struggling, she would ___28___. Mary’s ___29___ teaching eventually transformed my ___30___ into fascination. She infused (灌输) foreign culture into lessons, using music and dance to ___31___ our language skills. Her personalized attention to each student’s needs fostered a(n) ___32___ environment. At the end of the term, my Spanish improved, and my confidence soared. Mary left a lasting impact on my ___33___ for new challenges. 19. A. exciting B. easy C. boring D. beneficial 20. A. variation B. disturbance C. annoyance D. inconvenience 21. A. explain B. describe C. prepare D. review 22. A. challenged B. enjoyed C. trusted D. developed 23. A. experience B. time C. losses D. mistakes 24. A. seriously B. roughly C. modestly D. curiously 25. A. amused B. respected C. judged D. spotted 26. A. understanding B. humble C. athletic D. courageous 27. A. discouraged B. suspected C. heartened D. comforted 28. A. set out B. reach out C. get out D. make out 29. A. passive B. conventional C. voluntary D. innovative 30. A. fear B. sorrow C. anger D. confusion 31. A. know B. match C. enhance D. assess 32. A. secure B. supportive C. economic D. competitive 33. A. pity B. profit C. debate D. desire 【答案】19. C 20. A 21. D 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在大学一年级时，由于几乎不懂西班牙语而对西班牙语课程感到害怕。然而，他们才华横溢且富有创意的西班牙语老师玛丽用她的教学方法和对每个学生的个性化关注，使课堂变得有趣，并帮助作者克服了恐惧，提高了语言能力，并培养了作者面对新挑战的信心。 【19题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在开始上课之前，我几乎不懂西班牙语，我想这对我来说会很无聊。A. exciting令人激动的；B. easy容易的；C. boring无聊的；D. beneficial有益的。根据上文“I knew little Spanish”可知，作者语言不通，感到上课无聊。故选C。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道每周的日程安排会发生什么，但总会有一些细微的变化。A. variation变化；B. disturbance干扰；C. annoyance烦恼；D. inconvenience不方便。根据上文“I knew what to expect with a schedule for each week, but there was always some slight”中but表示转折，说明虽然知道日程安排，但总是会有一些细微的变化。故选A。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：考前，玛丽经常让我们自己复习功课。A. explain解释；B. describe描述；C. prepare准备；D. review复习。根据后文“before going over what you’ve learned”可知，老师让他们复习功课。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：游戏很有趣，我们都玩得很开心。A. challenged挑战；B. enjoyed玩得痛快；C. trusted信任；D. developed发展。根据上文“The game was so interesting that we all”可知，游戏有趣，他们玩得高兴，短语enjoy oneself。故选B。 23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：考试后，玛丽给了我们弥补错误的机会。A. experience经历；B. time时间；C. losses损失；D. mistakes错误。根据后文“After each error correction, she would check again.(每次改正错误后，她都会再检查一遍)”指老师让学生纠错。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她对待事情非常认真，以至于她不会忽视任何细节。A. seriously认真地；B. roughly大概；C. modestly谦虚地；D. curiously好奇地。根据后文“she wouldn’t overlook any detail”可知，不忽视细节说明对待事情认真。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：难怪她受到我们的尊敬。A. amused娱乐；B. respected尊重；C. judged判断；D. spotted发现。根据上文的描述可知，玛丽老师做事认真，得到了学生的尊敬和喜爱。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：玛丽通情达理，愿意在合理的范围内帮助任何事情。A. understanding善解人意的；B. humble谦虚的；C. athletic运动的；D. courageous勇敢的。根据后文“and willing to help, within reason, on everything”可知，玛丽老师通情达理，愿意提供帮助。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：正因为如此，我受到了足够的鼓舞，然后我可以在课外和说西班牙语的人交流。A. discouraged使沮丧；B. suspected怀疑；C. heartened激励；D. comforted安慰。根据上文“She encouraged everyone to speak Spanish in class.(她鼓励大家在课堂上说西班牙语)”可知，作者得到了老师的激励。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当有人挣扎时，她会伸出手来。A. set out出发；B. reach out伸出手；C. get out出去；D. make out辨认。根据上文“willing to help(愿意提供帮助)”和“When she knew our problems, she would give advice.(当她知道我们的问题时，她会给出建议)”可知，玛丽乐于助人，有人有困难，她愿意伸出援手。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：玛丽的创新教学最终把我的恐惧变成了迷恋。A. passive被动的；B. conventional传统的；C. voluntary志愿的；D. innovative创新的。根据上文“However, Mary, our honored Spanish teacher, who was full of creativity(然而，我们尊敬的西班牙语老师玛丽，她充满了创造力)”可知，玛丽的教学是创新的。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：玛丽的创新教学最终把我的恐惧变成了迷恋。A. fear恐惧；B. sorrow悲伤；C. anger愤怒；D. confusion困惑。根据上文“Spanish class scared me in the freshman year.(大一时的西班牙语课把我吓坏了)”可知，作者一开始害怕西班牙语课。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把外国文化融入到课程中，用音乐和舞蹈来提高我们的语言技能。A. know知道；B. match匹配；C. enhance提高；D. assess评估。根据后文“our language skills”可知，把外国文化融入到课程中，用音乐和舞蹈是为了提高我们的语言技能。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对每个学生的个性化关注培养了一个良好的支持性环境。A. secure稳固的；B. supportive支持的；C. economic经济的；D. competitive竞争的。根据上文“Her personalized attention to each student’s needs”可知，老师关注每一个学生，即支持学生、关注学生培养了一个良好的支持性环境。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：玛丽给我对新挑战的渴望留下了持久的影响。A. pity遗憾；B. profit利益；C. debate辩论；D. desire渴望。根据上文“At the end of the term, my Spanish improved, and my confidence soared.(学期结束时，我的西班牙语提高了，我的信心大增)”可知，作者自信增强了，所以渴望新挑战。故选D。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The popularity of ancient towns in the south of the Yangtze River, such as Zhouzhuang and Wuzhen, has aroused a nationwide trend in the construction of ancient towns. Lin Peng, the director of China’s Institute of Ancient Cities and Cultural Studies, pointed ____34____ that there are more than 2,800 developed or developing ancient towns in our country, ____35____ is definitely the highest number globally. In ancient towns, ____36____ immersive (沉浸式) experience being mentioned here is historical and cultural characteristics — the “ancient” of ancient towns. Apart from visible “special buildings”, characteristics also include invisible “culture”. Tourists in ancient towns want to see the living ____37____ (condition) of local people, feel the vitality of town life, try characteristic local snacks ____38____ (influence) by geography and folk customs, and understand how long history ____39____ (shape) local culture. Out of modern fast-paced work and life, tourists want to awaken their inner softness with a slow-moving ancient town. Touring ancient towns is for recreation, relaxation, and pleasure, ____40____ if all the ancient towns in different places are the same and cannot find their own ____41____ (unique), then ancient town tourism will ____42____ (eventual) decline. Let every ancient town become a unique historical imprint (印记), so that tourists can find their “poetry and distance” while _____43_____ (wander) through the ancient towns. This is the soul that ancient towns need to regain. 【答案】34 out 35. which 36. the 37. conditions 38. influenced 39. has shaped 40. but 41. uniqueness 42. eventually 43. wandering 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了周庄、乌镇等江南古镇的火爆，在全国范围内掀起了古镇建设的热潮。游客到古镇是想看看当地人的生活状态，感受古镇生活的活力，品尝受地理和民俗影响的特色小吃，了解历史悠久的当地文化。 【34题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：中国古城与文化研究所所长林鹏指出，我国有2800多个已开发或正在开发的古镇，这绝对是全球最多的。根据“pointed”和“that there are more than 2,800 developed or developing ancient towns in our country”可知，此处用固定短语point out，意为“指出”。故填out。 【35题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：中国古城与文化研究所所长林鹏指出，我国有2800多个已开发或正在开发的古镇，这绝对是全球最多的。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词2,800作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在古镇中，这里所说的沉浸式体验就是历史文化特色——古镇的“古”。空处表示特指，指“这里所说的沉浸式体验”，应用定冠词the。故填the。 【37题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：来到古镇的游客希望看到当地人民的生活状况，感受城镇生活的活力，品尝受地理和民俗影响的特色小吃，了解悠久的历史如何塑造了当地的文化。空处作see的宾语，空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词condition应用复数形式。故填conditions。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：来到古镇的游客希望看到当地人民的生活状况，感受城镇生活的活力，品尝受地理和民俗影响的特色小吃，了解悠久的历史如何塑造了当地的文化。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语动词，influence“影响”和snacks逻辑上是被动关系，应用influence的过去分词形式，作snacks的后置定语。故填influenced。 【39题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：来到古镇的游客希望看到当地人民的生活状况，感受城镇生活的活力，品尝受地理和民俗影响的特色小吃，了解悠久的历史如何塑造了当地的文化。空处作how引导的从句的谓语，结合“long history”可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作或状态对现在造成的影响，且主语history为单数，助动词用has。故填has shaped。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：游览古镇是为了休闲、放松、愉悦，但如果各地的古镇都大同小异，找不到自己的独特性，那么古镇旅游最终会走向衰落。空处前后是完整的句子，上下文语义构成转折，空处应用意为“但是”的并列连词but连接上下文。故填but。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：游览古镇是为了休闲、放松、愉悦，但如果各地的古镇都大同小异，找不到自己的独特性，那么古镇旅游最终会走向衰落。空处作find的宾语，被their own修饰，应用名词uniqueness，意为“独特（性）”，是不可数名词。故填uniqueness。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：游览古镇是为了休闲、放松、愉悦，但如果各地的古镇都大同小异，找不到自己的独特性，那么古镇旅游最终会走向衰落。空处修饰动词decline，应用副词eventually，意为“最终”，作状语。故填eventually。 【43题详解】 考查状语从句中的省略。句意：让每一个古镇都成为独特的历史印记，让游客在古镇中徜徉，找到属于自己的“诗与远方”。此处用了while引导时间状语从句，且从句的主语和主句的主语一致，从句中含有be动词，因此对主语和be动词同时进行了省略，wander“漫游，徜徉”和被省略的主语tourists之间是主动关系，应用wander的现在分词形式。故填wandering。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 44. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter对你们班最近举办的“养成学习好习惯”的主题活动很感兴趣。请你给他回信介绍此次活动。内容包括： 1.举办此次活动的目的； 2.你养成某个好习惯的过程； 3.你的收获。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, Aimed at enhancing our academic performance by developing good study habits, an activity themed “Develop good study habits” was held in our class. During the activity, I focused on improving my time management skills. I created a detailed schedule for each day. Sticking to this schedule was challenging at first, as I often found myself tempted to procrastinate. However, with the encouragement of my classmates, I can better manage my time now. The benefits of this newfound habit have been remarkable. Not only have I noticed a significant improvement in my grades, but I also feel more in control of my daily activities. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Peter回信，介绍你们班最近举办的“养成学习好习惯”的主题活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提升：enhance→improve 专注于：focus on→concentrate on 显著的：remarkable→prominent 重要的：significant→important 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Aimed at enhancing our academic performance by developing good study habits, an activity themed “Develop good study habits” was held in our class. 拓展句：Aimed at enhancing our academic performance by developing good study habits, an activity whose theme was “Develop good study habits” was held in our class. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Sticking to this schedule was challenging at first, as I often found myself tempted to procrastinate.(运用了as引导的原因状语从句) 【高分句型2】Not only have I noticed a significant improvement in my grades, but I also feel more in control of my daily activities.(运用了not only置于句首的部分倒装结构) 第二节(满分25分) 45. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 注意：1.续写的词数应为150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Catherine was the coolest kid in her class. Wherever she went, she was in the spotlight, with a bunch of kids following her and doing everything she did. Her desk mate, Landy, however, was not in the cool kids' group. Being the tallest kid in her class, she was teased by her classmates, who were always chanting “Landy, Landy, long as spaghetti(意大利面)”. Every time Landy heard those silly chants, she could feel her face burst into flames. God knew how she wished the ground to crack and swallow her! Catherine didn't really like it when the kids chanted“ Landy, Landy, long as spaghetti”. But she never told them to stop either, and nor did she ever talk to her. She liked being popular. One weekend, Catherine went over to her grandfather for Thanksgiving. Her grandfather lives on a farm at the opposite end of town, where he keeps chickens. While helping to feed the chickens, Catherine noticed a peculiar one. Curling in the corner, it looked smaller than the others and was almost half-bare! “What's the matter with it?” She asked her grandfather, with a puzzled frown on her face. Her grandfather told her how chickens could act. “They have a pecking(啄) order,” he explained, wrinkles of concern spreading around his forehead. “If one chicken is different, the others will push it away and keep pecking it. Sometimes they peck it so much that it dies.” “Oh, what a poor little thing!” Catherine let out a sigh as she scooped(捧起) the frightened chicken up in her arms, whose heart was beating fast in the bony little body. Suddenly, she thought of Landy, the girl being “pecked” by her classmates. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Hey, guys, that's enough!” Catherine's voice was firm and loud. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Suddenly, she thought of Landy, the girl being “pecked” by her classmates. The image of the small, scared chicken in her arms overlapped with the image of Landy's face turning red with embarrassment every time the kids teased her. Catherine realized that Landy was just like this poor chicken, being pecked at for being different. Catherine decided she needed to do something about it. Back at school on Monday, when she heard the familiar chant of“ Landy, Landy, long as spaghetti,” she didn't stay silent. Taking a deep breath, she stepped forward and faced the chanting crowd. “Hey, guys, that's enough!” Catherine's voice was firm and loud. “It's not funny to make fun of someone just because they're different. It hurts, and it's not fair.” The kids looked at each other, a bit embarrassed and unsure of what to do next. Catherine walked to ward Landy and invited her to lunch. Landy looked up, surprise and relief flooding her face. As they walked to lunch together, Catherine knew she had done the right thing. Slowly but surely, the other kids began to follow her example, realizing that being kind and inclusive was much cooler than being popular at the expense of others. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Catherine是班上最酷的孩子，无论她去哪里，她都是聚光灯下的人物，一群孩子跟着她，做她做的每一件事；而她的同桌——Landy作为班里最高的孩子，经常被同学们取笑。Catherine不太喜欢同学们嘲笑Landy，但她也从来没有叫他们停下来，也从来没有和她说话。直到有一天，Catherine在爷爷的农场看到一只被欺负的小鸡才对Landy有了愧疚之情，于是决定返校后Landy友好相处。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“突然，她想起了Landy，那个被同学“啄”的女孩。”可知，第一段可描写Catherine意识到自己之前对待Landy的态度不好，要用实际行动改变。 ②由第二段首句内容““嘿，伙计们，够了!” Catherine的声音坚定而响亮。”可知，第二段可描写Catherine制止了其他人的不良行为并邀请Landy吃午饭，其它孩子也以Catherine榜样意识到善良和包容比牺牲他人来受欢迎要酷得多。 2.续写线索：想到被欺负的Landy——再次看到Landy被欺负——决定帮助Landy——其它孩子也以Catherine为榜样不在嘲笑Landy 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①意识到：realize/be aware of ②决定：decide/determine ③嘲笑：tease/laugh at/ 情绪类 ①尴尬的：embarrassed / awkward ②沉默的：wordless /silent 【点睛】[高分句型1] Back at school on Monday, when she heard the familiar chant of“ Landy, Landy, long as spaghetti,” she didn't stay silent.（由连词when引导的时间状语从句） [高分句型2] Taking a deep breath, she stepped forward and faced the chanting crowd.（现在分词作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$