专题05 阅读理解之说明文(广东中考真题+名校模拟)-备战2025年中考英语常考语法点+题型练习(中考真题+名校模拟真题)(广东专用)

专题05 阅读理解之说明文 (广东中考真题+名校模拟) （2024·广东·中考真题）People know animals do have feelings, but they are not sure if these feelings are correctly understood. In recent years, scientists have done research about the feelings of cows, frogs and pandas. ▲ It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls. The researchers put a bowl behind a door. Inside the bowl, sometimes, there was something chickens love to eat, such as rice or insects. Sometimes, there was nothing. When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds, known as food calls. When there wasn’t food, the chickens made low and long noises to express disappointment. The researchers recorded all these sounds and studied their waves. Then the researchers chose 16 recordings of such chicken noises. Half were from the chickens seeing the food and half were from the chickens finding no food. The recordings were played to 194 volunteers. Sixty-nine percent of the volunteers correctly understood whether the chickens were feeling happy or not, and some of them even had no experience of taking care of chickens. The result shows that humans have the natural ability to understand the feelings of chickens. Hopefully, this finding can bring about new technology to help with chicken-raising, a big industry in many countries. Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens’ feelings. This is good news for farmers who want to make the birds happier and healthier. 1．Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 1? A．Humans may not like animals. B．Scientists know nothing about it. C．Nobody knows why this happens. D．A new study adds chickens to the list. 2．Which is most probably the sound wave of a happy call by a chicken? A． B． C． D． 3．How did the volunteers help with the research? A．By listening to the chicken calls. B．By taking care of the chickens. C．By finding food for the chickens. D．By making the chickens happy. 4．What does the underlined word “identify” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Control. B．Hide. C．Recognize. D．Hurt. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Chickens’ Food Calls B．Happy Chickens, Sad Chickens C．Farmers’ Best Choice D．Smart Farmers, Healthy Farmers （2023·广东·中考真题）Some animals can easily find their way home after a long journey. How do they make it? Scientific research shows that they are born with certain unusual abilities for direction. A certain kind of ants, for example, can count their steps to avoid getting lost. They can go as far as 110 metres and bring food home. These ants live in the open desert (沙漠), so they have nothing to guide them along the way. It’s like someone walking six kilometres through a dark forest. Some fish have an unbelievable sense of smell. They can smell even a single drop of their home water in a large sea area. Some sea birds have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying area. Some animals can sense the earth’s magnetic field (磁场), while humans can’t. This magnetic field guides a certain kind of fish when they swim a long way to a place and then back. How can this kind of fish do that? It is still a mystery. Scientists have no good answers yet. However, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with environmental changes caused by human activities. For example, many birds depend on stars for direction, but they get lost easily at night when city lights are kept on all night. To solve this problem, we can simply turn off some lights at night. Clearly, one small act of humans may mean a lot to animals. 6．Where is this passage most probably from? A．A storybook. B．An art magazine. C．A guidebook. D．A science magazine. 7．How can a certain kind of ants find their way? A．By imagining the way. B．By counting their steps. C．By bringing food together D．By walking through a forest. 8．What does the underlined word “mystery” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Secret. B．Choice. C．Reason. D．Feeling. 9．What are people advised to do according to the last paragraph? A．To help animals. B．To travel at night. C．To keep city lights on. D．To develop unusual abilities. 10．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Birds’ Sense of Light B．Fish’s Sense of Smell C．Animals’ Sense of Direction D．Animals’ Sense of Magnetic Field （2024·广东汕尾·三模）Weekends, air conditioners (空调), takeouts ... are all common things for modern people. Have you ever wondered if ancient people enjoyed the same lifestyles? Let’s take a look. No weekends In ancient China, there were no weekends because people did not use a weekly calendar. But they could still relax after work. During the Han Dynasty, officers took one day off every five days. During the Tang Dynasty, officers worked for ten days and rested for one day. There were also many public holidays in ancient times, such as the Spring Festival, winter solstice and the Mid-Autumn Festival. People like farmers and businessmen usually worked most of the year, but even the most hard-working people would take a few days off during the Spring Festival. Takeouts not a new thing There was takeout as far back as the Song Dynasty. In the famous Song Dynasty painting Along the River during the Qingming Festival (《清明上河图》), a takeout worker can be seen with food in his hand. People at the time even had special meal boxes for takeout dishes. They also used warming plates made of two layers (层) of porcelain. Hot water could be put between them to keep dishes warm. Smart ways of staying cool In ancient times, though people didn’t have air conditioners, they had their own ways to get through the hot summer. People collected ice blocks in winter and stored them in an icehouse. When summer came, people could take the ice blocks home and use them to make their rooms cooler. There was a kind of pillow (枕头) made of porcelain (瓷器) that felt pleasantly cool. Ancient people also made bamboo into bed mats (垫子) to sleep on. They’re still used today. 11．Why were there no weekends in ancient times? A．Because ancient people were more hard-working than modern ones. B．Because ancient people didn’t use a weekly calendar. C．Because the emperors didn’t allow their people to have a rest. D．Because ancient people wanted to make more money. 12．How many ways are mentioned to stay cool in ancient China in the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 13．How did people in ancient times keep takeout dishes warm? A．They put hot water between plates. B．They lit candles under the dishes. C．They covered the dishes with thick cloth. D．They walked fast to deliver (送) the dishes. 14．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．In ancient China, farmers and businessmen worked all year round. B．Ancient people used bed mats made of silk to stay cool. C．Along the River during the Qingming Festival was painted in the Song Dynasty. D．Modern people still have the same lifestyles as ancient people. 15．Where can we read this passage probably? A．In a novel. B．In a guidebook. C．In a history magazine. D．In an ad. （2024·广东茂名·三模）Millions of drones (无人机) are expected to be sold every year. However, as more people play with drones, drone accidents also happen more often. If you are a parent buying your children a drone as a toy, here is some safety advice for you, which helps make sure that your children have a better and safer flying experience. Fly it in good weather. By only playing with your drone during nice conditions, you can avoid a lot of problems. By the way, “good weather” for drones is not just clear skies with no rain. You can have sunny days with strong winds, for example, which can make flying a drone a dangerous experience. Don’t fly it over someone else’s house. Unless you have been granted by the owner of the house, you shouldn’t fly a drone over other people’s homes. If your drone just happens to run into someone’s yard and hit a child, you may be punished because of the accident. Stay away from airports. Drones and airports don’t mix well. In fact, some drone apps include airports in their no-fly areas. Bird collisions (碰撞) can’t be avoided, but accidents having to do with drones really should not happen. What’s more, you must know that you can’t fly a drone within 5 miles of an airport. A drone put 130 lives at risk after it nearly hit an airplane near London’s Gatwick Airport, which should never happen again. 16．________ is the best condition for flying a drone. A．A sunny day with a strong wind B．A rainy day with a dark sky C．A sunny day with no wind D．A cloudy day with a strong wind 17．What does the underlined word “granted” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．driven B．allowed C．hidden D．refused 18．What is the meaning of Paragraph 4? A．Drones are similar to airplanes. B．It’s easy to avoid bird collisions. C．It is dangerous to fly drones near airports. D．Drones are bad for people’s life. 19．Which part of a website can we read the passage? A．Sports. B．Science. C．Technology. D．Science and technology. 20．What is the best title for the passage? A．Safety Advice on Flying Drone B．Differences Between Planes and Drones C．How to Teach Kids to Fly Drones D．How to Choose a Good Drone （2024·广东中山·三模）AI is like giving superpower to computers. It helps them to learn things and do tasks that people usually do. According to scientists, AI could be used to tell the weather more quickly and correctly than traditional methods. The traditional way to tell the weather is by collecting data on what is happening in the air. The data may come from places like weather satellites, planes and so on. Then the data is sent to supercomputers for weather reports. Although supercomputers are powerful, it can take many hours to produce results. AI models have been developed to quickly tell future weather. They can tell the weather by using two sets of data: the weather at present and the weather from six hours ago. AI models are very helpful. They can be used on standard computers like office computers, and it only takes a few minutes to get the results. However, the results may not include as much information as those produced by traditional models. Will AI take the place of traditional models? Scientists say it probably won’t, but it will be used together with them. That’s because AI still needs to learn from the data collected by traditional methods. But hopefully, AI will be able to deal with tasks that older methods find difficult, such as telling when and how much it will rain in the near future. This could give people enough time to solve the problems caused by bad weather. 21．The data in traditional weather reports may come from ________. A．clouds B．towers C．trees D．planes 22．How does AI know about future weather? A．By learning experience from satellites. B．By comparing past and present weather. C．By collecting data from different places. D．By watching what is happening in the sky. 23．What does the underlined word “standard” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Huge. B．Slow. C．Ordinary. D．Expensive. 24．Which task will AI probably do according to the last paragraph?   A．Offering people weather maps. B．Reporting how much it will rain. C．Reporting when a snow will end. D．Offering full weather information. 25．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．AI Will Cause Bad Weather. B．AI Could Stop Bad Weather. C．AI Could Tell Future Weather. D．AI Will Change Future Weather. （2024·广东汕尾·三模）If you see someone fall down suddenly, perhaps as a result of a heart attack, what can you do while you wait for professional help? Chen Wenqiaochu set a good example when he was fourteen. He performed CPR (心肺复苏术) on a staff person at his school, saving the man’s life in 2013. According to medical experts, there is a “golden period”—the first four minutes of a heart attack. During this time, CPR is best for saving the person’s life. In August, 2020, all public schools nationwide were asked to provide CPR courses in China as part of health education. CPR is not hard to grasp. All that one needs to know is how to watch and decide if a person has a heart attack, where to press on the patient’s chest (胸), and how to blow air through the mouth and into the lungs (肺). Unluckily, less than one percent of Chinese adults have mastered the skill of CPR, while many have never heard of it. A 2019 survey from China Youth Daily showed that although 64.6% of schools opened health education courses, the teaching results were not satisfying. Zhao Shengyu, a graduate from a high school, remembered her first time to be taught CPR in the class. “No model, video or practice was included. I realized the acts I had been taught had lots of mistakes after I was trained another time in a medical school,” she said. According to her own experience, Zhao said more professional CPR courses in schools were necessary. Most countries have attached importance to CPR training. It was shown in a survey in 2017 that more than half of Americans had received CPR training. Switzerland, Germany, France and some other countries have also provided CPR training. 26．What can we infer from paragraph 2? A．CPR was first performed in 2013. B．Chen Wenqiaochu taught others how to perform CPR. C．CPR must be performed as soon as possible. D．CPR must be performed before a heart attack. 27．What does the underlined word “grasp” in the passage probably mean? A．Spread. B．Master. C．Repeat. D．Imagine. 28．Why was more professional CPR training necessary according to Zhao Shengyu? A．Because most students had never heard of CPR. B．Because lots of countries provided CPR training. C．Because her first CPR learning had lots of mistakes. D．Because experts advised students to master the skill of CPR. 29．Which is the right time order of the following facts? ① Chen Wenqiaochu saved a staff person at his school. ② All public schools were asked to provide CPR courses in China. ③ It was reported that 64.6% of schools opened health education courses. ④ A survey showed that more than half of Americans had received CPR training. A．①④③② B．②①④③ C．①③④② D．③②①④ 30．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The steps of performing CPR. B．The people saved by CPR in China. C．The recent situation of CPR courses in China. D．The development of CPR training around the world. （2024·广东汕头·三模）A new movie named YOLO is becoming a hot topic these days. The main character used to be about one hundred and ten kilos. One day, she decided to try boxing. Within a year, she lost fifty kilos by exercising. She finally became someone she wanted to be. Without doubt, exercise brings people a lot. Exercise helps build muscles (肌肉). Muscle practice like doing push-ups (俯卧撑) is becoming popular in middle schools. It’s a good way to develop muscles and help students grow taller and stronger. For adults, it can make muscles bigger, too. Exercise helps keep the balance of energy in your body. Food gives your body energy in the form of calories (卡路里). Your body needs a certain number of calories every day just to keep you doing the basic things. But if the amount of energy is more than what you need, the result will be unexpected. For example, if you eat more and move less for the whole winter vacation, you will get more calories than your body needs. Calories will turn into fat. Then exercise can help you lose the fat you don’t need. Exercise makes you feel delighted. It feels good to have a strong body that can allow you to do all the activities you enjoy—running, jumping, and playing with your friends. Exercise may also make you feel energetic. That’s why exercise is becoming more and more popular. 31．What was the main character’s weight after exercising for a year in the movie YOLO? A．About 110 kilos. B．About 70 kilos. C．About 60 kilos. D．About 50 kilos. 32．Why is muscle practice becoming popular in middle schools? A．Because it helps students grow up better. B．Because it helps students lose weight quickly. C．Because students like doing push-ups a lot. D．Because it is a good way to make muscles bigger. 33．How does the writer develop Paragraph 3? A．By telling a story. B．By giving an example. C．By listing numbers. D．By asking questions. 34．What does the underlined word “delighted” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Weak. B．Wonderful. C．Nervous. D．Terrible. 35．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．A Great Movie Named YOLO B．Ways to Build Muscles C．Exercise—a Good Way to Lose Weight D．Advantages of Exercise （2024·广东佛山·三模） How to color Easter Eggs (复活蛋)?Easter egg hunting is the most popular activity during the Easter holiday. It is enjoyed by both children and adults as they search for hidden eggs in gardens and parks. A fun and creative preparation activity for the whole family is coloring Easter eggs at home. Here is how: Step 1: Boil the eggs. Put the eggs in a pot of water. Make sure the water covers the eggs. Heat the water until it boils. Cover the pot and take it off the heat. Keep the eggs in the hot water for about 10 minutes and then take them out. Cool the eggs in an ice bath. Step 2:Prepare the dyes (染料)Find a bowl that is large enough to hold the eggs. In this bowl, put in 0.5 cups of boiling water, 10 drops of food coloring for each egg and a little white vinegar (醋). Adding more drops of food coloring will result in a stronger color and the vinegar helps make the colors brighter! Step 3: Color the eggs. Put the eggs in the bowl and keep them fully in the water at least minutes. Turn them from time to time to make sure all sides get dyed. The longer you leave them in the dyes, the darker the color will be. Step 4: Dry the eggs. Place the eggs on paper to allow them to fully dry. If you plan to cat the eggs, keep them in the fridge. Don’t leave them out of the fridge for more than 2 hours. 36．What is the most popular activity during the Easter holiday? A．Dyeing Easter eggs. B．Hunting Easter eggs in parks. C．Cooking Easter dinner. D．Playing Easter games at home. 37．Why are eggs put in an ice bath? A．To protect the eggs B．To make the colors darker. C．To help the eggs get dyed easily. D．To bring the temperature down. 38．What can you do to make the color of the eggs brighter? A．Keeping the eggs in the dyes. B．Using more food coloring. C．Adding white vinegar in the dyes. D．Turning the eggs more often. 39．What gives the eggs a darker color? A．The type of the dye. B．The size of the eggs. C．The temperature of the water. D．The time to dye the eggs. 40．Where is this passage most probably from? A．A storybook. B．A web page. C．An advertisement. D．A notice. （2024·广东佛山·三模）Have you ever watched amazing drone (无人机) light shows? They’re really cool to watch! These shows often happen during big events like the Olympics or national celebrations. People really love them. You might be wondering how these shows work. Well, they use a lot of drones with bright lights on them. First, someone programs a computer to tell the drones what to do. Then, that program goes to each drone. After that, people on the ground use the computer to make the drones move. When everything is ready, the show starts. All the drones fly up at the same time and move in the sky in a beautiful way. The number of drones can make different effects. For example, some shapes need more drones than others. Simple shapes need fewer drones, and more complicated (复杂的) shapes need more. The number of the viewers (观众) and how far away they are also decide how many drones are needed so everyone can see the show well. Even though these drone light shows are really cool, there are still ways to make them better. New tools and technology can help make the shows even more amazing. Also, the people who design the shows are trying to find new ways to make them even better. 41．What does the underlined word “them” refer to (指)? A．The shows. B．The people. C．The events. D．The celebrations. 42．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The people who set up the programs. B．The place to watch drone light shows. C．The reason why drone light shows start. D．The steps to make drone light shows. 43．What decides the number of drones in a show? A．What the shape is. B．How tall the viewers are. C．What the show is for. D．How high the drones can fly. 44．According to the last paragraph, what can we expect in the future? A．Lighter drones. B．Less expensive tools. C．Smaller design teams. D．Greater performances. 45．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Drones Shows B．Sports Shows C．Big Events D．Different Animals （2024·广东东莞·二模）We all know trees are important to people, but do you know something about tree rings (年轮)? Do you know they can tell us what the weather was like even hundreds of years ago? A tree will grow well in a climate with lots of sunshine and rainfall. And little sunshine or rainfall will limit the growth of a tree. We can see the changes of climate by studying the tree rings. For example, to find out the weather of ten years ago, count the rings of a tree from the outside to the inside. If the tenth ring is far from the eleventh ring, we’re sure that it was sunny and rainy most of that year. However, if the tenth ring is near the eleventh ring, then the climate of that year was bad. Tree rings are important not only for studying the history of weather but also for studying the history of man. Many centuries ago there lived a lot of people at a place in New Mexico. But now you can find only sand but no trees, no people. What happened to that place? A scientist studied the rings of the dead trees there. He found that the people had to leave because they had cut down all the trees to make fires and buildings. As all the trees had gone, the people there had to move. 46．According to the passage, people can find out the changes of climate by studying _________. A．sunshine B．rainfall C．tree rings D．tree leaves 47．The underlined word “limit” probably means _________. A．stop B．reduce C．help D．record 48．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Snow and wind will help the tree grow. B．We can only count tree rings from the inside to the outside. C．Tree rings can help us learn about the history of man. D．Tree rings are important for studying the history of food. 49．According to the passage, people at the place in New Mexico left because _________. A．they had no place to live B．there was too much pollution C．they had no food to eat D．there were no more trees for them 50．This passage is mainly talking about _________. A．ways to study tree rings B．the importance of tree rings C．the climate and tree rings D．man and tree rings （2024·广东汕头·三模）Everyone feels anxious (焦虑的) sometimes. It often causes the heart to beat faster. Many people have rapid breathing when they’re anxious. They might even notice parts of their body shaking. There are some steps anyone can take to manage anxiety. When you’re anxious, try taking a few slow and deep breaths. Doing yoga (瑜伽) or TaiChi might also help. A good way to fight anxiety is to ▲ . What’s going well in your life? What’s your happiest memory? What’s one small good thing that happened today? Thinking of these things when you feel anxious can help you feel better. Spending some time outside is another great way to fight anxiety if you’re someone who feels at peace in nature. Many people find that going on nature walks helps them feel calm. You could try riding a bike or visiting a local park. Another way to lower anxiety is to spend time with people you love. Watch a movie or play a board game with your family. Talk to friends on the phone or online. It may surprise you how much this can help you! It’s also important to talk about how you’re feeling with someone you trust, like a parent or a teacher. This can help you understand its cause and learn to manage it. You can also write down your thoughts or draw a picture to express your feelings. Have you ever felt anxious? The next time you experience this feeling, try a few different ways of calming yourself. It may take some time to find out what works best for you. 51．What can we know according to Paragraph 1? A．Anxiety is caused by physical illness. B．Everyone experiences anxiety at some point. C．Only a small percentage of people experience anxiety. D．Anxiety is only experienced by those with some physical problems. 52．What’s the best part for “ ▲ ”? A．cook a delicious dinner B．watch a great movie alone C．make plans with your friend D．think of the good things in life 53．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A．Spending some time outside. B．Doing yoga or Tai Chi. C．Taking a few slow and deep breaths. D．Spending time with people you love. 54．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 55．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To explain what causes anxiety. B．To introduce scientists’ studies on anxiety. C．To provide advice on dealing with anxiety. D．To show the relationship between anxiety and health. （2024·广东揭阳·二模）Cars make our lives convenient and many people can’t live without them. However, they can also be a problem, especially fossil fuel (化石燃料) cars, which cause air pollution. It is widely believed that clean energy and improved fuel technologies can greatly reduce air pollution caused by gas-fueled cars. To improve the environment, many countries are developing electric vehicles (EVs,电动车). Among them, China is taking a leading role and has created the world’s largest EV market. In 2023, about 14 million EVs were sold worldwide. The number of EVs sold in China was more than 9 million-about three times as large as the number sold in the United States. Chinese drivers are already big fans of EVs. “Charging (充电) an electric car is cheaper than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas,” said Mr. Wu, who bought an electric car this year. However, there are still some problems. It can be hard to find charging stations and the cars can’t go far before needing to be recharged. Some of these problems are being solved. There are more and more charging stations in China. Now China has the world’s largest EV charging network, with more than 8, 596, 000 charging stations in total. “Developing EVs is one of many efforts that China has made to reduce pressure on the environment. As China goes, so will the world’s auto industry”, said The Wall Street Journal. Electric vehicles are really a smart choice for the environment. 56．Where is this passage most probably from? A．A storybook. B．A travel magazine. C．A guidebook. D．A car magazine. 57．How many EVs were sold in America in 2023? A．About 14 million. B．About 3 million. C．About 9 million. D．About 27 million. 58．The writer uses Mr. Wu’s example ______. A．to show the advantage of EVs B．to introduce the use of EVs C．to show the problems of EVs D．to introduce the development of EVs 59．What does the underlined word “auto” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Train. B．Car. C．Plane. D．Ship. 60．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Charging an Electric Car B．Good Environment C．Electric Vehicles D．Clean Energy （2024·广东茂名·二模）Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon? Many people feel this way after lunch. They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or, in summer, they may think it is the heat. However, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time, about eight hours after you wake up, your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy. In many parts of the world, people take naps (小睡) in the middle of the day. This is especially true in warmer weather, in which the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon. “While you sleep, your brain is working. For example, sleep helps prepare your brain to learn, remember, and create,” says Dr. Maiken Nedergaard, who studies sleep at the University of Rochester. Science reports reveal that naps are good for everyone in any weather. A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind, which is good for health in general. In countries where naps are traditional, people don’t often have problems such as heart disease. Many working people, unluckily, have no time to take naps. Though doctors may advise taking naps after lunch, employers (老板) do not allow it! If you do have the chance, however, here are a few tips about making the most of your nap. Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up. A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy afterwards. If you do not have enough time, try a short nap—even ten mınutes of sleep can improve your health and help you work better. 61．Why do you sometimes feel sleepy in the early afternoon? A．Because it's very hot in summer. B．Because we eat too much for lunch. C．Because we need to prepare our brain to learn. D．Because our body temperature goes down at that time. 62．What does the underlined word “reveal” mean in the passage? A．Worry. B．Show. C．Mind. D．Forget. 63．According to the passage, when is the best time to take a nap if you get up at 6 a. m.? A．At 11 a. m. B．At 2 p. m. C．At 4 p. m. D．At 6 p. m. 64．What are people advised to do according to the last paragraph? A．To take a short sleep after lunch. B．To take a short sleep too late in the day. C．To improve your health by oversleeping. D．To read more science reports on sleep. 65．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．A Special Sleep B．Just For a Rest C．All Need a Nap D．Causes of Sleepiness （2024·广东惠州·二模）Not long ago there was a show in Baoji, Shaanxi Province. It showed how pillows (枕头) could be much more than just places to put our heads while we sleep. 121 ancient pillows were shown in the show. All the pillows are from the Western Han Dynasty until the early 20th century. The show lasted from January 1st to April 10th this year. In ancient China, pillows expressed people’s good wishes. Cat-shaped pillows, for example, expressed the hope that a couple would enjoy good health and live a long life together. The pillows in the show are made of different materials. They are not just used in daily life, but also show interesting folk cultures and remind people of the past. These treasures can help visitors enter the world of the ancient people. There is a special one. It is the pearl (珍珠) pillow. It was found in Guangdong. It is made up of 470 pearls, showing the high status of its owner. Another is a tiger-head pillow, which stands for courage and power. In the old days, this kind of pillow was often for children, and parents hoped it can bring them good luck and health. ________ There are several ideas about it. One idea is that hard pillows better support the neck and head and are good for eyes. Also, hard pillows are cooler and can help lower body temperatures, so that people feel more comfortable in summer. 66．What kind of show could you watch if you were in Baoji on April 8th this year? A．Plant. B．Animal. C．Pillow. D．Treasure. 67．Which would Alice like to choose for a couple? A．Tiger-head pillows. B．Pearl pillows. C．Soft pillows. D．Cat-shaped pillows. 68．What does the underlined word “status” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Position. B．Weight. C．Price. D．Quality. 69．Which of the following can be put in “________”? A．Why do people like pillows? B．Are pillows good for people? C．Why are ancient pillows hard rather than soft? D．Do people like hard pillows or soft ones? 70．Where is this passage most probably from? A．A storybook. B．An art magazine. C．A guidebook. D．A newspaper. （2024·广东·二模）Light is wonderful and amazing. Light from the Sun is the most important of all. Stars give off their own light. The Moon does not make its own light. It can only reflect light from the Sun. Lightning zigzags (曲折前行) through storm clouds, making a very bright light. People who live near the North and South Poles sometimes can see the aurora (极光) in the sky. Some animals like fireflies and many sea animals are able to give off light from themselves! Chemicals inside their bodies react to give off light. However, plenty of light we see every day does not come from nature. It is artificial light. Artificial light is important. It allows people to work and travel at night. Headlights on our cars allow us to see the road at night. Streetlights help us to walk safely along the sidewalk. Airplanes take off and land on lighted runways. Artificial light makes our homes safer and more comfortable. It makes our lives easier and more fun. It enables us to have entertainment such as movies, video games, and TV. Artificial light has another important job. It can be used to carry information from one place to another. Take a moment to notice light and enjoy its beauty and wonder! Go outside on a sunny day. Feel the warmth of the sun on your skin. Look at the stars in the night sky. When staying indoors, count the number of artificial light sources that you and your family use. 71．Where is this passage most probably from? A．A storybook. B．An art magazine. C．A guidebook. D．A science magazine. 72．How do fireflies and many sea animals make light? A．By looking at the stars. B．By reflecting the moonlight. C．By living near the Poles. D．By using the chemicals in their bodies. 73．What does the underlined word “artificial” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Bright. B．Special. C．Manmade. D．Handmade. 74．From the second paragraph, we can learn that _________. A．light can make our lives better B．light from streetlights comes from nature C．artificial light is the most important of all D．natural light can be used to carry information 75．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．The Wonder of Light B．The Use of Artificial Light C．Different Kinds of Light D．The Importance of Natural Light 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．D 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文进行一个研究，研究结果表明人类可以通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤。 1．推理判断题。根据“In recent years, scientists have done research about the feelings of cows, frogs and pandas. ... It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls.”可知，空前提到牛、青蛙和熊猫，空后提到鸡，选项D “一项新的研究将鸡加入了这个名单” 符合语境，故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds”可知，当鸡看到门后有食物时，它们似乎很高兴，并发出快速而响亮的声音。选项D符合 “快速而响亮的声音” 这一描述，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“The recordings were played to 194 volunteers.”可知，这些录音播放给194名志愿者听，所以志愿者们是通过听鸡叫来帮助这项研究，故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据“Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens’ feelings.”可知，一些科学家已经在研究一种可以……鸡的情感的智能计算机程序。联系前文可知，是为了识别鸡的情感，故选C。 5．最佳标题题。本文介绍研究结果表明人类可以通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤，选项B “快乐的鸡，悲伤的鸡” 符合主题，故选B。 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了动物天生就具有某些不寻常的方向感。 6．推理判断题。本文是围绕“动物的方向感”展开，可以在科学杂志上看到。故选D。 7．细节理解题。根据“A certain kind of ants, for example, can count their steps to avoid getting lost.”可知一些蚂蚁可以通过数步数来避免迷路。故选B。 8．词句猜测题。根据“It is still a mystery. Scientists have no good answers yet.”可知科学家还没有答案，因此可推知划线部分“mystery”与A选项“秘密”意思相近。故选A。 9．细节理解题。根据“However, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with environmental changes caused by human activities...Clearly, one small act of humans may mean a lot to animals.”可知本段说明人类的一个小举动可能对动物意义重大，因此是建议人们要帮助动物。故选A。 10．最佳标题题。本文介绍了动物天生就具有某些不寻常的方向感，“动物的方向感”为最佳标题。故填C。 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．C 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍古代人的生活方式。 11．细节理解题。根据“In ancient China, there were no weekends because people did not use a weekly calendar.”可知，在中国古代，没有周末，因为人们不使用周历。故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据“People collected ice blocks in winter and stored them in an icehouse. When summer came, people could take the ice blocks home and use them to make their rooms cooler. There was a kind of pillow (枕头) made of porcelain (瓷器) that felt pleasantly cool. Ancient people also made bamboo into bed mats (垫子) to sleep on.”可知，文章提到了三种中国古代保持凉爽的方法，故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据“They also used warming plates made of two layers (层) of porcelain. Hot water could be put between them to keep dishes warm.”可知，他们还使用由两层瓷器制成的加热板，可以在它们之间放热水来保持盘子的温暖。故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据“In the famous Song Dynasty painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival”可知，《清明上河图》绘于宋代，故选C。 15．推理判断题。本文介绍古代人的生活方式，由此推知可能在历史杂志上看到这篇文章，故选C。 16．C 17．B 18．C 19．D 20．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些安全使用无人机的建议。 16．推理判断题。根据“‘good weather’ for drones is not just clear skies with no rain. You can have sunny days with strong winds, for example, which can make flying a drone a dangerous experience.”可知对无人机来说，“好天气”不仅仅是晴空无雨。例如，在阳光明媚的日子里刮起强风，这会使驾驶无人机成为一种危险的体验。结合选项可知最好的天气是晴天无风。故选C。 17．词义猜测题。根据“Unless you have been granted by the owner of the house, you shouldn’t fly a drone over other people’s homes.”可知除非你得到房主的同意，否则你不应该在别人家上空驾驶无人机，故此处划线部分和allowed意义相近。故选B。 18．主旨大意题。根据“Stay away from airports...”可知第四段主要介绍了要远离飞机场，这是危险的。故选C。 19．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一些安全使用无人机的建议，故会出现在网站的“科学和技术，科技”部分。故选D。 20．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了一些安全使用无人机的建议，以选项A“飞行无人机的安全建议”为标题最合适。故选A。 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．B 25．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了人工智能在天气预报领域的应用，包括其优点和缺点。 21．细节理解题。根据第二段“The traditional way to tell the weather is by collecting data on what is happening in the air. The data may come from places like weather satellites, planes and so on.”可知，传统天气报告中的数据可能来自卫星、飞机等。故选D。 22．推理判断题。根据第三段“They can tell the weather by using two sets of data: the weather at present and the weather from six hours ago.”可知，人工智能可以通过使用两组数据来判断天气：当前的天气和六个小时前的天气。由此推知，人工智能通过比较过去和现在的天气来了解未来的天气。故选B。 23．词义猜测题。根据第三段“They can be used on standard computers like office computers”可知，人工智能可以用在像办公室电脑这样的电脑上，而办公室使用的电脑是普通电脑，由此猜测，standard意为ordinary“普通的”。故选C。 24．细节理解题。根据最后一段“AI will be able to deal with tasks that older methods find difficult, such as telling when and how much it will rain in the near future.”可知，人工智能可能能够预测未来几天的降雨时间和降雨量。故选B。 25．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了人工智能在天气预报领域的应用，包括其优点和缺点。因此，选项C“人工智能可以预测未来的天气”是最佳标题。故选C。 26．C 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了懂得心肺复苏急救法的重要性，以及目前中国学校在传授这门课程以及学生掌握程度的情况。 26．细节理解题。根据“there is a ‘golden period’—the first four minutes of a heart attack.”可知，心脏病发作的前四分钟是急救的黄金期。故选C。 27．词句猜测题。根据后文“All that one needs to know is how to watch and decide if a person has a heart attack, where to press on the patient’s chest (胸), and how to blow air through the mouth and into the lungs (肺).”可知，划线单词之后是在介绍如何完全掌握心肺复苏的方法，因此grasp应是表示“理解，领会”，与master“掌握”词义接近。故选B。 28．细节理解题。根据“I realized the acts I had been taught had lots of mistakes after I was trained another time in a medical school,”可知，对于赵盛雨来说，由于此前她的第一次心肺复苏术学习有很多错误，因此更多专业的心肺复苏训练是需要的。故选C。 29．细节理解题。根据“Chen Wenqiaochu set a good example when he was fourteen. He performed CPR (心肺复苏术) on a staff person at his school, saving the man’s life in 2013.”、“It was shown in a survey in 2017 that more than half of Americans had received CPR training.”、“A 2019 survey from China Youth Daily showed that although 64.6% of schools opened health education courses, the teaching results were not satisfying.”和“In August, 2020, all public schools nationwide were asked to provide CPR courses in China as part of health education.”可知，正确的顺序是：2013年陈文翘楚在他的学校挽救了一名员工的生命；2017年的一项调查显示，超过一半的美国人接受过心肺复苏培训；2019年的一项调查显示，64.6%的学校开设了健康教育课程；2020年8月，中国的所有公立学校被要求开设心肺复苏术课程。故选A。 30．主旨大意题。根据全文可知，文章主要讲述了懂得心肺复苏急救法的重要性，以及目前中国学校在传授这门课程以及学生掌握程度的情况。故选C。 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．B 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章由影片《热辣滚烫》中的故事引发了锻炼能给人带来哪些好处的思考。锻炼能增长肌肉，保持体内能量平衡，还能让人心情愉悦。 31．推理判断题。根据“The main character used to be about one hundred and ten kilos.”和“Within a year, she lost fifty kilos by exercising.”可知，影片中的主角在一年后体重约为110－50=60千克。故选 C。 32．细节理解题。根据“Muscle practice like doing push-ups is becoming popular in middle schools. It’s a good way to develop muscles and help students grow taller and stronger.”可知，学生在学校做肌肉练习可以帮助他们更好地成长。故选 A。 33．细节理解题。根据“For example, …”可知，作者通过举例的方式来说明锻炼是如何帮助控制人们体内的能量的。故选 B。 34．词义猜测题。根据“feels good”可知，锻炼让人感觉很好、心情愉悦；据此可以推断，划线单词“delighted”意为“愉悦的，高兴的”，与“wonderful”意思相近。故选 B。 35．最佳标题题。综合全文可知，本文主要介绍了锻炼给人带来的好处：锻炼能帮助人们增长肌肉、保持体内能量的平衡以及能让人心情愉悦；选项D“锻炼的好处”适合作为文章的标题。故选D。 36．B 37．D 38．C 39．D 40．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何在家自制彩色复活节彩蛋的步骤，包括煮鸡蛋、准备染料、给鸡蛋上色以及晾干鸡蛋的过程。 36．细节理解题。根据“Easter egg hunting is the most popular activity during the Easter holiday.”可知，复活节期间，寻找复活节彩蛋是最受欢迎的活动。故选B。 37．细节理解题。根据“Cool the eggs in an ice bath.”可知，将煮好的鸡蛋放入冰水中是为了让鸡蛋的温度降下来。故选D。 38．细节理解题。根据“Adding more drops of food coloring will result in a stronger color and the vinegar helps make the colors brighter!”可知，为了让彩蛋的颜色更加鲜艳，可以在染料中添加白醋。故选C。 39．细节理解题。根据“The longer you leave them in the dyes, the darker the color will be.”可知，鸡蛋在染料中浸泡的时间越长，颜色就会越深。故选D。 40．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了制作复活节彩蛋的过程，结合选项意思及图片信息可推知，文章可能出自于相关网页。故选B。 41．A 42．D 43．A 44．D 45．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了大型活动中的无人机灯光秀。 41．细节理解题。根据“Have you ever watched amazing drone (无人机) light shows? They’re really cool to watch! These shows”可知，them指代无人机灯光秀。故选A。 42．主旨大意题。根据“First, …Then, that program goes to each drone. After that, … When everything is ready,”可知，本段主要介绍了制作无人机灯光秀的步骤。故选D。 43．细节理解题。根据“The number of drones can make different effects. For example, some shapes need more drones than others.”可知，无人机的形状决定了一场表演中无人机的数量。故选A。 44．推理判断题。根据“New tools and technology can help make the shows even more amazing. Also, the people who design the shows are trying to find new ways to make them even better.”最后一段介绍了无人机等新的工具和技术可以帮助演出变得更加精彩，设计这些节目的人正在努力寻找新的方法，让节目变得更好。由此可知，我们期待无人机将来有更出色的表现。故选D。 45．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了大型活动中的无人机灯光秀。由此可知，本文最佳标题是《无人机表演》。故选A。 46．C 47．B 48．C 49．D 50．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了树的年轮对于气候和人类历史研究的意义。 46．细节理解题。根据“We can see the changes of climate by studying the tree rings.”可知，人们可以通过研究树的年轮来发现气候的变化。故选C。 47．词义猜测题。根据“And little sunshine or rainfall will limit the growth of a tree.”及常识可知，少的阳光和降雨会让树木生长得更缓慢，B选项“减少”与其意思相符。故选B。 48．细节理解题。根据“Tree rings are important not only for studying the history of weather but also for studying the history of man.”可知，树的年轮可以帮助我们了解人类的历史。故选C。 49．细节理解题。根据“As all the trees had gone, the people there had to move.”可知，新墨西哥州的人离开是因为那里没有树木了。故选D。 50．主旨大意题。根据“Tree rings are important not only for studying the history of weather but also for studying the history of man.”及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了树的年轮对于气候和人类历史研究的重要性。故选B。 51．B 52．D 53．D 54．B 55．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了每个人都会有焦虑的时候，文中给出了一些处理焦虑的方法。 51．细节理解题。根据“Everyone feels anxious (焦虑的) sometimes.”可知，每个人都会有感到焦虑的时候。故选B。 52．推理判断题。根据“What’s going well in your life? What’s your happiest memory? What’s one small good thing that happened today? Thinking of these things when you feel anxious can help you feel better.”可知，本段主要讲述了回忆生活中美好的事情能帮助你战胜焦虑。故选D。 53．代词指代题。根据“Another way to lower anxiety is to spend time with people you love.”可知，本段主要讲述了和你爱的人一起度过时光是另外一种可以减轻焦虑的方式，所以this指代“和你爱的人一起度过时光”。故选D。 54．篇章结构题。结合每段内容可知，文章是总分总结构，第一段提出了每个人都会有焦虑的时候；二、三、四、五、六段介绍了处理焦虑的方法；最后一段总结全文，下次感到焦虑的时候可以试试以上方法。故选B。 55．主旨大意题。根据“There are some steps anyone can take to manage anxiety.”及结合文章内容可知，本文就处理焦虑的问题给出了一些方法和建议。故选C。 56．D 57．B 58．A 59．B 60．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了电动汽车在中国的发展。 56．推理判断题。根据首句“Cars make our lives convenient and many people can’t live without them.”及全文内容可知本文主要介绍了汽车的内容，由此可推知最有可能来自汽车杂志。故选D。 57．推理判断题。根据“In 2023, about 14 million EVs were sold worldwide. The number of EVs sold in China was more than 9 million-about three times as large as the number sold in the United States.”可知2023年中国卖了大约九百万辆电动汽车，是美国的三倍，由此可推知美国卖了约三百万辆。故选B。 58．推理判断题。根据吴先生说的话“Charging (充电) an electric car is cheaper than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas”可知他认为电车充电比加油更便宜，由此可推知作者用这个例子来说明电车的优势。故选A。 59．词句猜测题。结合全文语境可知本文主要在介绍汽车行业的相关内容，由此可推知“auto”指的是“汽车”。故选B。 60．最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知本文主要介绍了电动汽车在中国的发展。因此“Electric Vehicles”可作为标题。故选C。 61．D 62．B 63．B 64．A 65．C 【导语】本文主要介绍为什么人们在午后容易打瞌睡，建议大家适当休息一下，有益于身体健康。 61．细节理解题。根据“However, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time, about eight hours after you wake up, your body temperature goes down.”可知，因为那个时候我们的体温下降了，这就是让你感到困倦的原因。 故选D。 62．词义猜测题。根据“Science reports reveal that naps are good for everyone in any weather.”可知，后文提到了“在任何天气下小睡对每个人都有好处”，因此，划线词是“展示”。故选B。 63．推理判断题。根据“Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up.”可知，小睡的最佳时间是起床后8小时左右，因此早上6点起来，最佳的午睡时间是下午2点。故选B。 64．细节理解题。根据“If you do not have enough time, try a short nap—even ten mınutes of sleep can improve your health and help you work better.”可知，文章最后一段建议读者午饭后小睡一会儿。故选A。 65．标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据“A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind, which is good for health in general.”以及“If you do not have enough time, try a short nap—even ten mınutes of sleep can improve your health and help you work better.”可知，本文主要介绍为什么人们在午后容易打瞌睡，建议大家适当休息一下，有益于身体健康，引出选项C适合作为文章标题。故选C。 66．C 67．D 68．A 69．C 70．D 【导语】本文讲述陕西省宝鸡市举办的展览展示了从西汉到20世纪初的121个古代枕头，这些枕头不仅用于睡眠，还承载着各种文化和象征意义。 66．细节理解题。根据“All the pillows are from the Western Han Dynasty until the early 20th century. The show lasted from January 1st to April 10th this year.”可知4月8号可以看枕头展览。故选C。 67．细节理解题。根据“Cat-shaped pillows, for example, expressed the hope that a couple would enjoy good health and live a long life together.”可知猫形枕头表达了一对夫妇健康长寿的愿望。故选D。 68．词义猜测题。根据“It is made up of 470 pearls, showing the high status of its owner.”可知它由470颗珍珠组成，显示出主人的崇高地位，故此处划线部分和position意义相近。故选A。 69．推理判断题。根据“There are several ideas about it. One idea is that hard pillows better support the neck and head and are good for eyes.”可知此处介绍了枕头是硬的原因，选项C“为什么古代的枕头硬而不软”符合语境。故选C。 70．推理判断题。本文讲述陕西省宝鸡市举办的展览展示了从西汉到20世纪初的121个古代枕头，这些枕头不仅用于睡眠，还承载着各种文化和象征意义，故文章可能来自报纸。故选D。 71．D 72．D 73．C 74．A 75．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了奇妙的光：生物光和人造光。 71．推理判断题。根据“Light is wonderful and amazing. Light from the Sun is the most important of all.”可知，本文主要介绍了光，由此可猜测本文来自一本科学杂志。故选D。 72．细节理解题。根据“Some animals like fireflies and many sea animals are able to give off light from themselves! Chemicals inside their bodies react to give off light.”可知，一些动物体内的化学物质会发生反应从而发光。故选D。 73．词句猜测题。根据“However, plenty of light we see every day does not come from nature. It is artificial light. Artificial light is important. It allows people to work and travel at night.”可知，本段介绍的是生活中的人造光，由此可猜测artificial意为“人造的”。故选C。 74．细节理解题。根据“Artificial light makes our homes safer and more comfortable. It makes our lives easier and more fun.”可知，人造光使我们的生活更轻松，更有趣。故选A。 75．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了生物光和人造光，因此A项“光的奇迹”最适合做本文的标题。故选A。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$