课时梯级训练(18) Unit 5 Section Ⅱ Using language（Ｗord练习）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册（外研版2019）

课时梯级训练(十八)　Section Ⅱ　Using language Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Personally，I think it is a good idea for us senior students to have daily exercise. 2．I consider it a good idea to_be_trained(train) in a special way to improve my spoken English. 3．I would appreciate it if you could mail it to me as soon as possible. 4．We make it clear that every student should obey the school rules. 5．I think it is necessary to_spare(spare) some time for classic reading. 6．At last the poor man had to give up.He found it no use begging(beg) for more. 7．I make it a rule to_get(get) up early and jog for about half an hour. 8．Since you can solve the problem，I don't feel it worth taking(take) such trouble. 9．I don't like it when we have to do exercise on cold winter mornings. 10．Why don't you bring it to his attention that you're too ill to work on? Ⅱ.用本单元所学知识完成句子 1．我理所当然地认为他会帮助我们的。 I took_it_for_granted_that he would help us. 2．双方都有各自的偏好，所以通常很难达成一致。 The two parties have their preferences，so usually they find_it_hard_to_reach_an_agreement． 3．我希望你的建议能让我在新班级里更容易找到归属感。 I hope your advice will make_it_easier_to bring out my sense of belonging in the new class. 4．科技进步使每一个人使用互联网成为可能。 The development of technology makes_it_possible_for_everyone_to_use_the_Internet/makes_it_possible_that_everyone_can_use_the_Internet． 5．你尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。 You may depend_on_it_that we shall always help you. Ⅲ.阅读理解 (2023·宝鸡高二期末)The amount of plastic pollution in the oceans is rapidly increasing.This is problematic，as at least 700 kinds of ocean animals—including sharks，whales，seabirds and turtles—can become caught in the stuff or mistake it for a tasty snack. While we know that some ocean animals seem to catch plastic because it looks like jellyfish or some other food sources，less research has been carried out into what plastic smells like to ocean animals.But now，a study from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill has found the coating(涂层) that naturally builds up on ocean plastics causes the rubbish to give off the smell of food. The researchers took 15 turtles，each around five months old，and placed them in a lab aquarium.They then piped in smells of clean water，clean plastic，turtle food，and plastic that had been soaking in the ocean environment for five weeks.The turtles showed no reaction to the smells of clean water or clean plastic.But when facing ocean soaked plastic or turtle food，they stuck their noses out of the water and showed increased activity. “This finding is important because it's the first proof that the smell of ocean plastics causes animals to eat them，” said Dr.Kenneth J Lohmann，who took part in the study.“It's common to find a turtle with its stomach full of plastic materials.There are also increasing reports of sea turtles that have become ill and stuck on the beach due to their taking in plastic.” According to the researchers，areas of the ocean with much plastic may trick turtles and other animals into thinking that there are plenty of food sources，when the opposite is true.“Once these plastics are in the ocean，we don't have a good way to remove them or prevent them from smelling like food，” said Lohmann.“The best thing we can do is to keep plastic from getting into the ocean at all.” 1．Why is plastic pollution posing a threat to ocean animals? A．It may mislead them as food. B．It may eat up all jellyfish. C．It may kill them with its smell. D．It may trap 700 species of sea animals. 2．What smell did turtles prefer according to the study? A．Sea water. B．Clean water. C．Clean plastic. D．Ocean­soaked plastic. 3．What are we supposed to do according to Dr.Kenneth J Lohmann? A．Keep away from the polluted ocean. B．Maintain a plastic­free ocean. C．Remove plastic from the ocean. D．Stop people feeding turtles plastic. 4．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A．Entertainment. B．Literature. C．Health. D．Science. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现，海龟会因为海洋中的塑料垃圾散发出食物的味道而食用它们。 1．A　[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This is problematic ...can become caught in the stuff or mistake it for a tasty snack.”可知，塑料污染对海洋动物构成威胁的原因是它会让海洋动物把塑料误认为食物。故选A。 2．D　[解析]推理判断题。根据第三段可知，在这项研究中，海龟对干净的水或干净的塑料的气味没有反应，当闻到在海洋中浸泡过的塑料或海龟食物时则表现出更多的反应和举动；由此可知，海龟更喜欢在海洋中浸泡过的塑料以及海龟食物的气味。故选D。 3．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The best thing we can do is to keep plastic from getting into the ocean at all.”可知，Lohmann认为我们应该杜绝塑料进入海洋，保护海洋不受塑料的污染。故选B。 4．D　[解析]推理判断题。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了研究者们通过实验发现海龟会因为海洋中的塑料垃圾散发出食物的味道而食用它们。由此可知，这篇文章可能出现在报纸上的科学版面。故选D。 Ⅳ.七选五阅读 (2023·哈尔滨高二期末)As a well­known Chinese saying goes，“A journey of one thousand miles begins with a single step.”1.______They turned off all lights and electronics from 8：30 to 9：30 p.m.local time. Earth Hour is put forward by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF).On March 31，2007，the organization encouraged the citizens in Sydney to switch off all lights and turn off all non­essential devices for one hour.Over 2 million households and 2，100 companies answered the call.This small action helped save 10% of the electricity in a regular evening hour.2.______ Besides making an immediate difference，the WWF says the worldwide participation shows people's desire to do their share to reverse(逆转) climate change.3.______ According to the WWF，simple actions such as turning off unnecessary lights or choosing wood pencils over plastic ones can also help reverse climate change. 4．______ In 2008，over 50 million people in over 5，000 cities worldwide observed the event，and the numbers have only grown since.Today，Earth Hour is celebrated in over 180 countries. Are you not sure what to do without your phone or television for a whole hour？WWF suggests organizing a candlelight dinner for your family or，even better，a picnic under the stars.5.______ Remember that climate change can be reversed if we all help，so be sure to do your part! A．Your participation never counts. B．Or how about a late­night hike or a bike ride? C．There is no doubt that their efforts have paid off. D.Gradually，more people joined the Earth Hour movement. E．It's the biggest voluntary environmental movement globally. F．And it shows small lifestyle changes can make a big difference as well. G．On March 27，2021，millions of people worldwide took the first step towards reversing climate change. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了“地球一小时”的由来、发展及影响。 1．G　[解析]根据上文“As a well­known Chinese saying goes，‘A journey of one thousand miles begins with a single step.’”和下文“They turned off all lights and electronics from 8：30 to 9：30 p.m.local time.”可知，空处应该引起下文。G项“2021年3月27日，全球数百万人向扭转气候变化迈出了第一步。”符合语境。故选G。 2．C　[解析]根据上文“This small action helped save 10% of the electricity in a regular evening hour.”可知，这个活动取得了一定的成效。C项“毫无疑问，他们的努力得到了回报。”符合语境。故选C。 3．F　[解析]此处引用世界自然基金会的观点来具体说明，一些简单的行动有助于扭转气候变化，由此可知，空处应该引起下文，说明一些生活方式的小变化都是有用的，F项中的small lifestyle changes和下文中turning off unnecessary lights or choosing wood pencils over plastic ones对应。F项“研究还表明，生活方式的小改变也能产生很大的影响。”符合语境。故选F。 4．D　[解析]空处为段落主题句。本段主要说明参加“地球一小时”活动的人数不断增加。D项“渐渐地，越来越多的人加入了地球一小时活动。”符合语境。故选D。 5．B　[解析]上文主要介绍了人们在参与“地球一小时”活动可以做的事情。空处承接上文，继续列举“地球一小时”活动期间可做的事情。B项“或者深夜徒步旅行或骑自行车怎么样？”符合语境。故选B。 Ⅴ.语法填空 (2023·辽宁高二期末)The year 1970 witnessed the establishment of the World Earth Day.Over 50 years later，1.__________ started as a grassroots movement has exploded into an international day of attention and campaigns 2.__________(commit) to preserving the environment.According to the Earth Day Network，one of the largest activist organizations holding Earth Day events，many a 3.__________(participate) across the globe celebrate Earth Day in a different way. Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring published in 1962 was among a series of critical environmental issues 4.__________(help) give birth to the environmental movement.The book brought 5.__________ to light that the use of a pesticide called DDT was polluting rivers and destroying the eggs of birds like bald eagles.The number of the latter declined 6.__________(dramatic).Then，in 1969，a large oil leak near the Santa Barbara County coast 7.__________(drive) the then Senator Gaylord Nelson to put Earth Day on the national stage. In the past years since the first Earth Day，there 8.__________(be) a large number of major environment wins.Protection has been put in place on everything 9.__________ clean water to endangered species. The theme of Earth Day 2023 is “Earth for All”，the concept of 10.__________ emphasizes human beings must respect nature，follow its ways and protect it. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界地球日产生的原因以及取得的成果。 1．what　[解析]考查主语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，用what引导。故填what。 2．committed　[解析]考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词，所以commit用非谓语形式，此处是固定搭配：be committed to意为“致力于”，此处去掉be，用过去分词作定语。故填committed。 3．participant　[解析]考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空前是many a，所以空处应填可数名词单数，participate的名词形式是participant。故填participant。 4．helping　[解析]考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词was，所以help用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是environmental issues，两者是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填helping。 5．it　[解析]考查代词。分析句子结构可知，brought是及物动词，后应加宾语，根据句意可知，此处应填it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的从句。故填it。 6．dramatically　[解析]考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空前的动词，应该用副词修饰，dramatic的副词形式是dramatically。故填dramatically。 7．drove　[解析]考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，drive作本句谓语，根据时间状语in 1969可知，用一般过去时。故填drove。 8．have been　[解析]考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作本句谓语，根据时间状语In the past years since the first Earth Day可知，用现在完成时。a large number of major environment wins表示复数概念，助动词用have。故填have been。 9．from　[解析]考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定短语“from ...to ...”，意为“从……到……”。故填from。 10．which　[解析]考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Earth for All，先行词在从句中作of的宾语，用which引导。故填which。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$