UNIT 5 Section Ⅳ Writing（Word教参）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册（外研版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Writing [对应学生用书P　] 1.写作词汇再现 与环境有关的词汇和短语 ①pollute污染 ②cut down砍伐 ③turn forests into deserts把森林变成沙漠 ④kill wild animals illegally非法捕杀野生动物 ⑤plant more trees栽种更多的树 ⑥protect the habitats of animals保护动物的栖息地 ⑦sort rubbish out把垃圾分类 ⑧be in harmony with nature与大自然和谐相处 ⑨endangered plants and animals濒危动植物 ⑩attractive scenery迷人的风景 ⑪biodiversity生物多样性 ⑫ecology生态 与演讲有关的表达 ①on behalf of our school代表我们学校 ②I feel greatly honored ...我感到非常荣幸…… ③It's my great privilege/honor to do sth.做某事是我极大的荣幸。 ④give a lecture/speech发表演讲 2．精彩句式再练 单句填空/完成句子 ①I feel it a great honor to have a chance to deliver a speech here on behalf of our class. ②We should appeal to more people to act(act) immediately to ensure that animals do have a place in the world. ③众所周知，地球是我们共同的家园，因此我们应该不遗余力地保护它。 As we all know，the earth is our common home，so we should spare no effort to protect it． ④我们只有共同努力，才能真正改变我们的环境。 Only if we make joint effort can we really make a difference to our environment. ⑤它不仅减少了环境污染和土地占用，而且变废为宝。 Not only does it reduce/decrease environmental pollution and land occupation，but it also turns waste into treasure. Ⅰ　写一篇关于环保的演讲稿 [对应学生用书P　] ►文体感知 发言稿是在公众场合向某一群体进行宣告或演说的文稿。发言稿一般可分为欢迎辞、欢送辞、演讲稿等形式。本文为演讲稿。发言稿主体部分是针对具体事件而进行的，所以在主体部分应该阐明事情的缘由和结果。发言稿往往都有一定的感染力，所以祈使句、感叹句、强调句、倒装句等特殊句式是常见的表达手段。 ►写作技巧 教材在“Drafting a lecture”部分展示了如何通过演讲来介绍风景名胜，此类演讲稿结构与推荐信或介绍信较为相似。具体结构如下： 第一段 1．简单问候。 2．说明演讲背景(例如：某事目前受到广泛关注或欢迎等)。 3．阐明演讲目的(介绍或推荐某物)。 第二段 1．阐述介绍或推荐的理由(某物本身具有的特性)。 2．阐述该特性会为听众带来的好处或影响。 第三段 1．总结上文介绍或推荐的理由(可用短语总结)。 2．表达作者对听众的期待。 ►典例展示 假定你是李华，你校打算组织一场英文演讲比赛，请你根据下列提示写一篇主题为“Environmental Protection”的演讲稿。内容包括： 1．保护环境的重要性； 2．如何从我做起去保护环境； 3．呼吁大家行动起来。 注意：词数80左右。 [审题谋篇] 确定体 裁、话题 体裁：应用文 话题：保护环境 确定时 态、人称 时态：一般现在时、一般将来时 人称：第一人称为主 布局文 章架构 首段：引入演讲主题 中段：保护环境的措施 尾段：呼吁大家行动起来 列出核 心要点 1.保护环境的紧迫性 2．低碳生活 3．共同努力的重要性 [实践应用] 1．完成句子 ①众所周知，经济发展迅速。(as引导定语从句) As we all know，the economy develops quickly. ②全球环境变得越来越糟。 The global environment is getting worse and worse． ③如果什么都不做，地球上所有的生物都将濒临灭绝。 If nothing is done，all the living creatures on the earth will be endangered． ④保护环境是每个人的责任。 It is everyone's duty to protect the environment． ⑤我们可以通过低碳生活为环境保护尽一份力。(do one's part) We can do our part in environmental protection by leading a low­carbon life. ⑥相信我们可以通过每一个人的努力产生巨大影响。 We believe we can make a great difference with everyone's effort. ⑦只有通过保护大自然，人类才能真正获得胜利。 Humans can really win only by protecting nature． 2．句式升级 ⑧用with的复合结构合并句①和句② As we all know，with the quick development of economy，the global environment is getting worse and worse. ⑨用被动语态改写句⑥ We believe with everyone's effort，a great difference will be made. ⑩用倒装句改写句⑦ Only by protecting nature can humans really win. 3．靓化成篇 结合以上句子写一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。 [参考范文] Good morning，everyone， My topic today is “Environmental Protection”．As we all know，with the quick development of economy，the global environment is getting worse and worse.If nothing is done，all the living creatures on the earth will be endangered. So it is everyone's duty to protect the environment.As students，we can do our part in environmental protection by leading a low­carbon life.We had better use less water and electricity.When we go out，we can take buses or ride bikes instead of taking taxis.Besides，we are supposed to cut down the use of natural resources.Try to use more recycled products. We believe with everyone's effort，a great difference will be made.Please take action right now! Only by protecting nature can humans really win. That's all.Thanks for your listening. ►实战演练 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Steven想了解你所住的小区垃圾分类的情况，请你写一封邮件回复。内容包括： 1．垃圾分类的重要性； 2．垃圾分类的现状； 3．你的观点。 注意： 1．词数80左右(首尾已给出，不计入总词数)； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Steven， I'm glad that you're interested in what is happening in China. Yours， Li Hua [参考范文] Dear Steven， I'm glad that you're interested in what is happening in China. I'm writing to tell you something about the rubbish classification in my community. Rubbish classification not only reduces unnecessary environmental pollution，but it also promotes the construction of an environmentally friendly community.But things in my community are not optimistic.Many people throw waste without classifying them properly，which results in great pollution and adds to the burden of workers.I think waste classification permits of no delay.The government should make the importance of waste classification known to the public and make laws to ban littering，while for individual，we should strengthen our awareness of environmental protection. What about the rubbish sorting in your country？I'm looking forward to your early reply. Yours， Li Hua Ⅱ　读后续写 [对应学生用书P　] 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Helen and her family moved to a new location in the city.Helen was excited because most of her friends lived in the same street. It was the first morning in their new house.She woke up early that day and went out on her balcony(阳台).She was expecting wonderful，lovely birds and beautiful greenery with fresh air，but instead it was the complete opposite.There was garbage right outside their front gate.There were no trees and instead of the sweet chirping(鸟叫声) of birds，there were annoying traffic noises.Helen was angry.“What is this？Why can't someone do anything about it？” she thought.She went inside the living room.She sat at the dining table，thinking about what she could do about the pollution in her locality. The next day at school，she went into her class and asked loudly，“Who's fed up with stinking garbage？” This caught many students' attention.“Who's fed up with air pollution and the diseases spread by it？” This time many students answered，“Me！” Helen smiled and then said，“We must clean our surroundings.So help me get rid of the garbage.Help me pick it up! That's the best thing we can do.We will all go to other classes and ask if they want to join us.I am sure as long as we work together，our community will become a better place！” In the break time，they all went to other classes，and by the end of the school day，Helen had gathered almost 25 students ready to help her.The day before cleaning，the students took out their pocket money and bought garbage bags，masks and gloves. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1： The big day came and the students gathered at the school gate. Paragraph 2： Soon the headmaster knew what the students did. [巧读文] 1．读要素 Who：Helen，her classmates Where：in her locality When：after Helen and her family moved to a new location in the city What：clean up the garbage 2．读双线(情节线、情感线) 情节线： 情感线：excited/full of expectation→disappointed & angry→determined [妙构思] 1．读首句，定方向 Paragraph 1： 由续写第一段首句“The big day came and the students gathered at the school gate.(重要的一天来了，学生们聚集在校门口。)”可知，第一段可描写同学们清理垃圾的经过。 Paragraph 2： 由续写第二段首句“Soon the headmaster knew what the students did.(校长很快就知道了学生们做的事。)”可知，第二段可描写校长支持他们的活动，也组织人打扫垃圾。 2．巧设问，定细节 Paragraph 1： (1)How did Helen and her classmates feel that day? Excited/Determined ... (2)What were they ready to do? Clean up their community ... (3)What did they do? Split up into smaller groups and began their clean­up ... Paragraph 2： (1)How did the headmaster feel by the sight of students voluntarily cleaning up their surroundings? Surprised ... (2)What did the headmaster do then? He gathered the school staff and other students to join the clean­up ... (3)What happened at last? The community became clean ... [雕句式] 根据提示升级下列句子 1．They were all ready to make a difference in their community by cleaning up the garbage that was polluting their surroundings. →They were all ready to make a difference in their community by cleaning up the garbage polluting their surroundings．(非谓语动词作定语) 2．The school's compound became a bustling place as everyone pitched in.They collected trash that had been neglected for months. →The school's compound became a bustling place as everyone pitched in，collecting trash that had been neglected for months．(非谓语动词作状语) 3．The students stood side by side，and they were proud of their accomplishments. →The students stood side by side, proud of their accomplishments．(形容词短语作状语) [成美文] Paragraph 1： The big day came and the students gathered at the school gate. Paragraph 2： Soon the headmaster knew what the students did. [参考范文] Paragraph 1： The big day came and the students gathered at the school gate. Helen could feel the excitement and determination in the air.They were all ready to make a difference in their community by cleaning up the garbage that was polluting their surroundings.The students split up into smaller groups and began their clean­up mission.They wore their masks and gloves to protect themselves and diligently filled garbage bags with the litter that had been accumulating in their community for far too long. Paragraph 2： Soon the headmaster knew what the students did. He initially seemed surprised by the sight of students voluntarily cleaning up their surroundings.However，as he approached the group，his surprise turned into admiration.He commended their initiative and determination to make a positive change in their community.The headmaster gathered the school staff and other students to join the clean­up effort.The school's compound became a bustling place as everyone pitched in，collecting trash that had been neglected for months.At the end of the day，the school's surroundings looked almost unrecognizable.The once filled streets and overflowing garbage cans were now clean and inviting.The students stood side by side，proud of their accomplishments. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$