精品解析：山东省烟台市栖霞市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题

八年级英语试题 注意事项： 1. 本试卷共8页,满分100分, 考试用时100分钟。 2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3.选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的选项标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它选项。 4.非选择题必须用0.5 毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不能使用涂改液等。不按以上要求作答无效。 5.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 书写与卷面 (10 分) 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分35分) 第一节 (共15 小题;每小题 2分,满分 30分) 阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 (A) Hand-pulled Noodles It’s known as Latiaozi with a history of more than 300 years. The locals add mutton and all kinds of vegetables to the noodles. Lots of visitors like to watch the cooking of the pulling noodles. Big Plate Chicken It’s a famous dish in Xinjiang. A cook called LiShilin created it about 20 years ago. People used to enjoy the dish in a small plate. Li decided to cook a whole chicken and put it in a bigger plate for his guests. Hand-grasped Mutton It is said that the dish started about 1,000 years ago. People cut a whole lamb (羔羊) into 12 pieces and then boil them. The pieces of meat are too big to hold by chopsticks, so they use hands to eat. Naan Naan is a traditional food with a history of over 2,000 years in Xinjiang. People usually cook it in a clay oven (泥炉). People think it can bring good luck to them, so they like to share the food with others. 1. Which kind of Xinjiang food has the shortest history? A. Naan. B. Big Plate Chicken. C. Hand-pulled Noodles. D. Hand-grasped Mutton. 2. Why do Xinjiang people like to share naan with others? A. To learn the cooking together. B. To enjoy naan in a big plate. C. To use hands to hold it to eat. D. To bring good luck to them. 3. Where can we most probably read the passage? A. In a guidebook. B. In a film website. C. In a diary. D. In a science magazine. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了新疆的几种特色食物。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。A项为囊，根据“Naan is a traditional food with a history of over 2,000 years in Xinjiang.”可知，有2000多年的历史；B项为大盘鸡，根据“A cook called LiShilin created it about 20 years ago.”可知，大约有20年的历史；C项为拉面，根据“It’s known as Latiaozi with a history of more than 300 years.”，有300多年的历史；D项为羊肉串，根据“It is said that the dish started about 1,000 years ago.”可知，有1000多年的历史。因此历史最短的新疆美食为大盘鸡，故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“People think it can bring good luck to them, so they like to share the food with others.”可知，人们认为它能给他们带来好运，所以他们喜欢与他人分享这种食物。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。选项A“在一本旅游指南里”；选项B“在一个电影网站上”；选项C“在日记里”；选项D“在一本科学杂志上”。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了新疆的几种特色美食，一般会在旅游指南里看到。故选A。 (B) If you are asked to name some places which could be the top landmarks (地标) of China, what will be your answers? The Great Wall? The Forbidden City...Of course there are many, but don’t forget to add this one to your long list: the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (HKZMB). The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge opened in October 2018. It took nine years to build it. With a total length of 55 kilometers, the bridge is the world’s longest sea bridge. Thanks to it, the travel time from HongKong to Zhuhai goes down to 45 minutes from three hours. The bridge is a joint (合办) project of Hong Kong, Macao andGuangdong. It not only helps the three places develop faster, but more importantly, it also serves as a way to connect Hong Kong and Macao to 9 Guangdong cities to form a high-tech area. The area is expected to compete with Silicon Valley. Millions of people from all over the world have visited the bridge or watched it online. Here are some of the comments (评论). “There are no words to describe it! You just have to experience this amazing bridge!” “Is this the Great Bridge of China as opposed to (相对于) the GreatWall of China? Why is everything GREAT in China?” 4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text? A. The Great Wall. B. The Forbidden City. C. The Summer Palace. D. The HKZMB. 5. How long did it use to take a driver to drive from Zhuhai to Hong Kong? A. 45 minutes. B. 3 hours. C. 55 hours. D. 9 days. 6. Why is the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge built? A. To form a high-tech area. B. To serve as a joint project. C. To compete with Silicon Valley. D. To become the world’s longest sea bridge. 7. According to the comments in the text, which can best describe the bridge? A. Creative. B. Convenient. C. Great. D. Modern. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了港珠澳大桥的建成、用途及人们对此的评论。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据“what will be your answers? The Great Wall? The Forbidden City”和“don’t forget to add this one to your long list: the HongKong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge”可知，长城，紫禁城和港珠澳大桥被提及了，文章中没有提到颐和园。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Thanks to it, the travel time from Hong Kong to Zhuhai goes down to 45 minutes from three hours”可知，时间从3小时缩短到了45分钟，所以大桥建成之前从珠海开车到香港要多3小时。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据“It not only helps the three places develop faster, but more importantly, it also serves as a way to connect Hong Kong and Macao to 9Guangdong cities to form a high-tech area”可知，建港珠澳大桥是为了形成一个高科技区域。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Is this the Great Bridge of China as opposed to the Great Wall of China? Why is everything GREAT in China”可知，中国的一切都很棒，很伟大。great“伟大的，很棒的”可以形容此桥。故选C。 (C) Legend has it (据传说) that if you look closely enough during the Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival, you can see the Jade Rabbit and the Lady in the moon. Every year, the Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival celebrates the biggest and brightest full moon of the year. The moon’s round shape symbolizes togetherness and unity, and families get together to share a meal, celebrate the beauty of the moon, and tell old stories. The tradition of appreciating the moon (赏月) began during the Tang Dynasty. At that time, the tradition was to look at the moon and take walks in the moonlight. A few hundred years later, the rulers of the Northern Song Dynasty changed the tradition. The Song decided to make the 15th day of the eighth month in the Chinese calendar the Mid-Autumn Festival. Food has always played an important role in Chinese celebrations, and mooncake is a Mid-Autumn Festival delight. Its round shape symbolizes completeness and togetherness. Traditionally, the filling is made with lotus seed or red bean paste, but you can find mooncakes filled with other things from meat and eggs to fruits and green tea. You can also find mooncakes in other shapes such as squares and even cartoon characters like Winnie the Poo h or Hello Kitty. Another favorite Mid-Autumn Festival tradition is lighting red lanterns. Although animal-shaped lanterns are hard to find, you can still celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival with any red Chinese lantern or make your own. Red symbolizes good luck and happiness and is an important color in many Chinese festivals. 8. The underlined word “symbolizes” has the closest meaning to “________”. A. deals with B. stands for C. ends up D. puts on 9. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A. The culture of Mid-Autumn Festival. B. The influence of Mid-Autumn Festival. C. The importance of Mid-Autumn Festival. D. The development of Mid-Autumn Festival. 10. According to the text, what cannot mooncakes be filled with? A. Cartoon characters. B. Lotus seed. C. Green tea. D. Meat. 11. According to your own knowledge, on which festival in China people hang red lanterns? A. Dragon Boat Festival. B. Spring Festival. C. Double-ninth Day. D. Ching Ming Festival. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中秋节的发展和习俗。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“The moon’s round shape symbolizes togetherness and unity”可知，月亮的圆形象征着团聚和团结，symbolizes意思是“象征”动词。stands for“象征，代表着”。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The tradition of appreciating the moon began during the Tang Dynasty.”和“A few hundred years later, the rulers of the Northern Song Dynasty changed the tradition.”可知，本段主要讲了中秋节的发展。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Traditionally, the filling is made with lotus seed or red bean paste, but you can find mooncakes filled with other things from meat and eggs to fruits and green tea.”可知，月饼里可以用莲子，肉，绿茶。不能用卡通人物。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据常识可知，挂红灯笼的节日有春节。龙舟节，重阳节，清明节一般不挂红灯笼。故选B。 (D) “I spend my whole life doing one thing,” Gu Fangzhou once said. Known as "the father of sugar pills (糖丸)”, Gu passed away at age 92 on January 2nd, 2019. Eight months later he received a national honor title “The People’s Science” for his polio (骨髓灰质炎) research. Gu Fangzhou was born in June, 1926. He studied at Peking University as a medical student in 1944. After graduation, Gu made the decision to work to help improve public health. In 1955, polio broke out in Nantong. Jiangsu Province. It paralyzed (使瘫痪) 1680 people, mostly children aged below seven. cut spread to neighboring areas and resulted in 466 deaths. Gu was asked to lead pollo research in 1957. “At that time the only way to prevent polio was to invent a vaccine(疫苗),” said Gu. In 1959 Gu succeeded in developing the first polio live vaccine. Later, he developed the “sugar-coated (糖衣) pill” vaccine in 1962. It not only tasted better but was much easier to keep. In order to test the vaccine, Gu himself tried the vaccine and later his one-month-old son was vaccinated. This inspired his team to vaccinate their kids. They became the first group of people in China to try a polio vaccine. “If we don’t believe in what we produce, how can others believe in it?” said Gu. Later, the sugar pill was popular in China. It saved millions of people, especially kids. In 2000, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced (宣布) that China was already a polio-free country.“We feel satisfied. I can tell people that I tried my best, and your kids will no longer get polio,” said Gu. “That’s all we hoped for.” 12. How is the text developed by? A. Character. B. Direction. C. Feeling. D. Timeline. 13. Why did Gu Fangzhou and his team vaccinate their own kids with the polio vaccine? A. To show their courage and experience. B. To encourage other experts to do the same. C. To test the “sugar-coated pill” vaccine’s safety. D. To protect their families and relatives from polio. 14. What’s the correct order of the following events? a. China became a polio-free country. b. The “sugar-coated pill” vaccine was created. c. Gu received a national honor title. d. Polio resulted in 466 deaths in Nantong. A. c→d→a→b B. d→a→b→c C. b→d→a→c D. d→b→a→c 15. What can we infer from the text? A. Children can get polio more probably. B. There will no longer be polio in the world. C. Gu developed the first polio live vaccine all by himself. D. Gu dreamed of improving public health when he was a child. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了顾方舟的生平事迹及其在脊髓灰质炎疫苗研究方面的贡献。 【12题详解】 篇章结构题。根据“Gu Fangzhou was born in June, 1926”、“In 1955, polio broke out in Nantong.”、“ In 1959 Gu succeeded in developing the first polio live vaccine.”以及“Later, the sugar pill was popular in China.”可知，文章按照时间顺序介绍了顾方舟的生平事迹及其在脊髓灰质炎疫苗研究方面的贡献。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“In order to test the vaccine, Gu himself tried the vaccine and later his one-month-old son was vaccinated. This inspired his team to vaccinate their kids.”可知，顾方舟和他的团队给自己的孩子接种疫苗是为了测试“糖衣丸”疫苗的安全性。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，首先是1955年南通爆发脊髓灰质炎并导致466人死亡；然后是1962年“糖衣丸”疫苗被研制出来；接着是2000年中国成为无脊髓灰质炎国家；最后是2019年顾方舟获得国家荣誉称号。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“mostly children aged below seven”可知，脊髓灰质炎主要影响7岁以下的儿童，因此可以推断出儿童更容易患上脊髓灰质炎。故选A。 第二节 (共5 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 There may be something that makes you feel stressed in your life. Doctors says too much stress is not good for a teenager’s development. Maybe you have to deal with your stress by taking medicine. ____16____ Here are some useful tips for you. Move your body. Exercise plays an important part in keeping healthy. It can relax your mind and improve your sense of happiness. Try to complete at least three 30-minute exercise a week. ____17____ Pay attention to sleep. Enough sleep is important in improving your health. ____18____ If you can’t fall asleep because of your stress, make a plan to help you achieve that. Take control of your own thoughts (思想). Try to turn bad thoughts into good ones. ____19____ The more you do this in your mind, the easier it will be to deal with fears. Volunteer in your community. ____20____ It can not only help you get worries out of your mind, but also help you feel relaxed and comfortable. A. Doctors suggest 8 hours of sleep a night. B. Make sure your bed is comfortable enough. C. Remember to choose your favorite exercise. D. Do good things for others in your community. E. You can imagine that your are facing your fears. F. But I think it is not necessarily your only choice. 【答案】16. F 17. C 18. A 19. E 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几个缓解焦虑情绪的几个方法。 【16题详解】 根据“Here are some useful tips for you.”可知，下面介绍了除了吃药以外缓解压力的办法，选项F“但我认为这不一定是你唯一的选择。”符合语境。故选F。 【17题详解】 根据“Exercise plays an important part in keeping healthy.”可知，本段主要介绍的是运动和锻炼在保持健康方面的作用。选项C“记得选择您最喜欢的运动。”符合语境。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据“Enough sleep is important in improving your health.”可知，充足的睡眠对健康来说很重要。选项A“医生建议每晚睡8小时。”符合语境。故选A。 【19题详解】 根据“The more you do this in your mind, the easier it will be to deal with fears.”可知，是在说要勇于面对恐惧。选项E“你可以想象你正在面对你的恐惧。”符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据“Volunteer in your community”可知，在说社区做志愿者的事情。选项D“为社区中的其他人做好事。”符合语境。故选D。 第三部分 语言知识应用(共两节，满分25分) 第一节 完形填空 (共 10小题；每小题1分，满分 10 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Rules help keep the world in good order. It is common that someone plays music on his or her mobile phone loudly in ___21___ places. Sometimes the peaceful environment will be broken when others make noıses with their mobile phones. It brings rather terrible ___22___ and feelings. So some rules have been made to stop such ___23___ behavior. When you are in a library, it is hard not to be ___24___ by others who talk on their mobile phones loudly. The sound of someone’s mobile phone can break the ___25___ in the library where almost everyone is busy ___26___ or reading books. While sitting in a restaurant, a diner who is watching videos loudly may make you feel uncomfortable. With smart-phones ___27___ used, the daily environment has also been changed. With rules made, the public environment will be ___28___. Some people who break the rules will be ___29___. Workers in public places will tell them not to do those things. If they do not make a ____30____ or stop their bad behavior, the police will come and take them away. 21. A. secret B. public C. basic D. central 22. A. experiences B. choices C. chances D. courses 23. A. proud B. kind C. direct D. impolite 24. A. influenced B. completed C. achieved D. required 25. A. period B. warmth C. quietness D. attention 26. A. waiting B. parking C. studying D. repeating 27. A. wisely B. exactly C. silently D. widely 28. A. improved B. required C. produced D. created 29. A. discovered B. connected C. punished D. admired 30. A. process B. change C. request D. note 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要写了规则或法律是控制不良行为的好方法。 【21题详解】 句意：有人在公共区域大声播放他的手机音乐很常见。 secret秘密；public公开的；basic基本的；central中心的。根据“Sometimes the peaceful environment will be broken when others make noıses with their mobile phones”可知，此处说的是在公开场合播放音乐。故选B。 【22题详解】 句意：它带来了相当可怕的经历和感觉。 experiences经历；choices选择；chances机会；courses课程。根据“Sometimes the peaceful environment will be broken when others make noıses with their mobile phones”可知，碰到有人在公共场所放音乐是一件很可怕的经历。故选A。 【23题详解】 句意：已经制定了一些规则来阻止这种不礼貌的行为。 proud自豪的；kind友好的；direct直接的；impolite不礼貌的。根据“Sometimes the peaceful environment will be broken when others make noıses with their mobile phones”可知，在公共场所放音乐是一种不礼貌的行为。故填D。 【24题详解】 句意：当你在图书馆时，很难不被那些用手机大声说话的人影响。 influenced影响；completed完成；achieved达到；required需要。根据“The sound of someone’s mobile phone can break the…in the library”可知，手机声打破图书馆的安静，所以很容易被影响。故选A。 【25题详解】 句意：某人的手机声音会打破图书馆的安静。 period时期；warmth温暖；quietness安静；attention注意。根据“When you are in a library, it is hard not to be influenced by others who talk on their mobile phones loudly”可知，图书馆的安静会被打破。故选C。 【26题详解】 句意：几乎每个人都在忙着学习或看书。 waiting等待；parking停车；studying学习；repeating重复。根据“in the library where almost everyone is busy…or reading books”可知， or“或者”，在图书馆可以看书或者学习。故选C。 【27题详解】 句意：随着智能手机广泛地应用。 wisely明智地；exactly确切地；silently默默地；widely广泛地。根据“the daily environment has also been changed”可知，智能手机的广泛应用使日常环境发生了变化。故选D。 【28题详解】 句意：有了规则，公共环境将会改善。 improved改善；required需求；produced生产；created创建。根据“With rules made”可知，规则的制定会改善公共环境。故选A。 【29题详解】 句意：一些违反规则的人将被惩罚。 discovered发现；connected有关的；punished惩罚；admired欣赏。根据“Workers in public places will tell them not to do those things”可知，不遵守规则的人要收到惩罚。故选C。 【30题详解】 句意：如果他们不做出改变或停止他们的不良行为，警察就会来把他们带走。 process过程；change改变；request要求；note笔记。根据“Workers in public places will tell them not to do those things”，可知，工作人员会告诉他们不要做这些事，所以需要他们改变。故选B。 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5 分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nguyen Tra My, a student at a college, has gone to Thailand to see a concert of her favourite band last weekend. Even ___31___ she knew it was wrong, Nguyen said, “The concert was a one-off! I couldn’t be ___32___ (absence) from it!” Following stars ___33___ (spread) among Vietnamese young people for years. “The Internet helps young people get information about their stars, so they spend more time on them,” psychological (心理) expert LaThi Buoi said. “But it also ___34___ (mean) less time on study, or with family and friends.” “Nguyen is a true fan. When talking about her favourite band, she is always full of energy,” Nguyen’s classmate Tran g said. Nguyen ___35___ (she) said, “I know how to organize my time. I only spend half an hour online, ___36___ (read) articles about my stars. They have worked really hard to get today’s success. They are willing ___37___ (help) the poor. They are well worth (值得) learning,” Nguyen added. “Their music also cheers me up and helps me to deal with difficulties in life.” ___38___ (general) speaking idolization (偶像化) as a whole is not a bad thing. However, problems usually come up when parents fail to accept their children’s behaviour. Buoi suggested that there is a need for communication between adults and the young. “On the one hand, adults are supposed to be good ___39___ (listen). They should be patient and give more understanding to young people. On ___40___ other hand, young people need support from adults.” 【答案】31. though##if 32. absent 33. has spread 34. means 35. herself 36. reading 37. to help 38. Generally 39. listeners 40. the 【解析】 【导语】本文主要通过讲述Nguyen Tra My理性追星的故事，告诉我们：明智地崇拜明星有助于年轻人成为更好的自己。 【31题详解】 句意：尽管她自己也知道这是不对的，她说：“这场演唱会是独一无二的！我不能缺席！” 根据空前后关系及“Even”可知，空处需“Even though/if尽管”来引导让步状语从句。故填though/if。 【32题详解】 句意：尽管她自己也知道这是不对的，她说：“这场演唱会是独一无二的！我不能缺席！” be absent from是固定搭配，表示“缺席”。absent意为“缺席的”，为形容词。故填absent。 【33题详解】 句意：多年来，追星风潮在越南年轻人中蔓延。根据“for years.”可知，空处时态为现在完成时，其结构为have/has+done，主语为动名词Following stars，助动词用has，故填has spread。 【34题详解】 句意：“但这也意味着学习或与家人朋友相处的时间减少。” 因是陈述事实，故空处时态为一般现在时，主语为it，谓语动词 需用单三形式，故填means。 【35题详解】 句意：Nguyen她自己说：“我知道如何组织我的时间。” 根据“Nguyen”及所给词可知，空处指“她自己”，需主格she的反身代词herself。故填herself。 【36题详解】 句意：我只花半小时上网阅读关于我的明星的文章。spend some time doing sth.为固定搭配，表示“花费时间做某事”，空处需动名词reading。故填reading。 【37题详解】 句意：他们乐意帮助穷人。be willing to do sth.表示“乐意做某事”，需填动词不定式。故填to help。 【38题详解】 句意：一般来讲，偶像化总体来说不是一件坏事。Generally speaking为常用说法，表示“一般来讲”，Generally“一般地”，为副词。故填Generally。 【39题详解】 句意：另一方面，成年人本应该是好听众。根据“On the one hand, adults are supposed to be good...”可知，空处指好的“听众”，其英文为listener，因主语为adults，故空处需名词复数。故填listeners。 【40题详解】 句意：另一方面，年轻人需要成年人支持。on the other hand表示“另一方面”，为固定用法。故填the。 第四部分 书面表达(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 阅读表达(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 10 分) 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 The Seine, one of the world’s most famous rivers, is in the southeastern part of Paris. The French capital is now working hard to make heavily polluted Seine clean for swimming again. The Seine has formed Paris for centuries. Along its riverbanks, traders in the Middle Ages arrived and lived there. Later, the Eiffel Tower and the Louvre Museum have been built. “The Seine is the reason why Paris was born.” says Deputy Mayor. The Seine used to be safe for swimming. But the locals didn’t value that. The river has been used as a dump site (垃圾场). And every year, tons of wastewater end up in the river. Because of the pollution, people were not allowed to swim in the Seine since 1923. Now, if all goes well according to plan, local people will be able to swim in the river again in 2024. The cleaned-up Seine will then be used as a venue (地点) for the 2024 Paris Olympics. The government has predicted that many different kinds of fish will return. A clean Seine could also be a new place for people to avoid the summer heat. Last summer, scientists tested the water in the Seine. They reported that 90% of the samples were already clean enough for swimming. Still, it’s hard to say how many Parisians will feel safe enough to swim in the river. In a 2021 survey of 1,000 French people, 70% didn’t think the water was clean enough. City officials may have to think about how to build people’s confidence in this project. 41. What is Paris government trying to do? __________________________________________________________ 42. Who used to live along the riverbanks of the Seine? __________________________________________________________ 43. Why did the Seine use to be polluted?(List two reasons) ①________________________________________________________ ②________________________________________________________ 44. According to the passage, what will a clean Seine be used as? ①________________________________________________________ ②________________________________________________________ 45. 请将文中划线句子翻译成汉语。 __________________________________________________________ 【答案】41. Paris government is trying to make heavily polluted Seine clean for swimming again. 42. Traders. 43. ①. The river has been used as a dump site. ②. Every year, tons of wastewater end up in the river. 44. ①. A clean Seine will be used as a venue for the 2024 Paris Olympics. ②. A clean Seine will be used as a new place for people to avoid the summer heat. 45. 在这个项目中，城市的官员不得不考虑如何去建立人们的信心。 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍治理莱茵河污染的事情。 【41题详解】 根据文中“The French capital is now working hard to make heavily polluted Seine clean for swimming again.”可知，法国首都巴黎正努力使污染严重的莱茵河变得清洁，足以再次供人们游泳。故填Paris government is trying to make heavily polluted Seine clean for swimming again. 【42题详解】 根据文中“Along its riverbanks, traders in the Middle Ages arrived and lived there.”可知，沿着河岸，商人在中世纪时住在那。故填Traders. 【43题详解】 根据文中“The river has been used as a dump site.”和“And every year, tons of wastewater end up in the river.”可知，河曾经被用作垃圾场，并且很多吨的废水进入到河里，这是污染的原因。故填The river has been used as a dump site；Every year, tons of wastewater end up in the river. 【44题详解】 根据文中“The cleaned-up Seine will then be used as a venue for the 2024 Paris Olympics.”和“A clean Seine could also be a new place for people to avoid the summer heat.”可知，干净的莱茵河会被用作2024年巴黎奥运会的举办地和人们新的避暑地。故填A clean Seine will be used as a venue for the 2024 Paris Olympics；A clean Seine will be used as a new place for people to avoid the summer heat. 【45题详解】 分析句子可知，City officials翻译为“城市的官员”，是主语；have to翻译为“不得不”；think about翻译为“考虑”；how to翻译为“如何去”；build people’s confidence翻译为“建立人们的信心”；in this project翻译为“在这个项目中”。故填：在这个项目中，城市的官员不得不考虑如何去建立人们的信心。 第二节 写作(满分 20 分) 46. 假定某英文杂志举办征文比赛，请你以“I have changed a lot”为题，根据所给提示，写一篇短文投稿。提示如下： 1.你六年级时某一性格特点； 2.你是如何改变这一性格的； 3.你对这一改变的看法。 要求： 1.词数 100左右；题目已给出，不计入总词数。 2须包含所有要点提示，并可适当补充，以使语句通顺，行文连贯； 3.文中不得出现个人姓名、校名等真实信息。 I have changed a lot _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： I have changed a lot Time goes by, I grow up every day. Of course l have changed a lot in the last few years. Let me show you my changes. I used to be short and I often worried about it. But to my surprise, I’m much taller now. But the biggest change is about my character. I think this change is really great. I used to be very shy and quiet. I was always silent in class. I have no friends there. My teachers and classmates didn’t notice me. When I talked to people, my face often turned red. Now I’m much more outgoing and that makes me more popular. Now I can give a speech for the whole school. I also make lots of friends. As for my hobby, I used to like reading books. But now I’m more interested in playing sports. I often participate in school sports clubs with classmates. Now, I feel good about myself. I am happy with this change, because it has brought me the happiness of growth. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为一般现在时，一般过去时和现在完成时； ③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏提示中的要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，写出自己原来的性格和现在的改变，并具体说明。 第二步，写出这一变化对自己生活的影响和自己对这一改变的看法。 [亮点词汇] ①to my surprise令我惊讶的是 ②be interested in对某事感兴趣 ③the happiness of growth成长快乐 [高分句型] ①I used to be short and I often worried about it.（and连接并列成分） ②When I talked to people, my face often turned red.（when引导时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 八年级英语试题 注意事项： 1. 本试卷共8页,满分100分, 考试用时100分钟。 2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3.选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的选项标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它选项。 4.非选择题必须用0.5 毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不能使用涂改液等。不按以上要求作答无效。 5.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 书写与卷面 (10 分) 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分35分) 第一节 (共15 小题;每小题 2分,满分 30分) 阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 (A) Hand-pulled Noodles It’s known as Latiaozi with a history of more than 300 years. The locals add mutton and all kinds of vegetables to the noodles. Lots of visitors like to watch the cooking of the pulling noodles. Big Plate Chicken It’s a famous dish in Xinjiang. A cook called LiShilin created it about 20 years ago. People used to enjoy the dish in a small plate. Li decided to cook a whole chicken and put it in a bigger plate for his guests. Hand-grasped Mutton It is said that the dish started about 1,000 years ago. People cut a whole lamb (羔羊) into 12 pieces and then boil them. The pieces of meat are too big to hold by chopsticks, so they use hands to eat. Naan Naan is a traditional food with a history of over 2,000 years in Xinjiang. People usually cook it in a clay oven (泥炉). People think it can bring good luck to them, so they like to share the food with others. 1. Which kind of Xinjiang food has the shortest history? A. Naan. B. Big Plate Chicken. C. Hand-pulled Noodles. D. Hand-grasped Mutton. 2. Why do Xinjiang people like to share naan with others? A. To learn the cooking together. B. To enjoy naan in a big plate. C. To use hands to hold it to eat. D. To bring good luck to them. 3 Where can we most probably read the passage? A. In a guidebook. B. In a film website. C In a diary. D. In a science magazine. (B) If you are asked to name some places which could be the top landmarks (地标) of China, what will be your answers? The Great Wall? The Forbidden City...Of course there are many, but don’t forget to add this one to your long list: the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (HKZMB). The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge opened in October 2018. It took nine years to build it. With a total length of 55 kilometers the bridge is the world’s longest sea bridge. Thanks to it, the travel time from HongKong to Zhuhai goes down to 45 minutes from three hours. The bridge is a joint (合办) project of Hong Kong, Macao andGuangdong. It not only helps the three places develop faster, but more importantly, it also serves as a way to connect Hong Kong and Macao to 9 Guangdong cities to form a high-tech area. The area is expected to compete with Silicon Valley. Millions of people from all over the world have visited the bridge or watched it online. Here are some of the comments (评论). “There are no words to describe it! You just have to experience this amazing bridge!” “Is this the Great Bridge of China as opposed to (相对于) the GreatWall of China? Why is everything GREAT in China?” 4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text? A. The Great Wall. B. The Forbidden City. C. The Summer Palace. D. The HKZMB. 5. How long did it use to take a driver to drive from Zhuhai to Hong Kong? A. 45 minutes. B. 3 hours. C. 55 hours. D. 9 days. 6. Why is the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge built? A. To form a high-tech area. B. To serve as a joint project. C. To compete with Silicon Valley. D. To become the world’s longest sea bridge. 7. According to the comments in the text, which can best describe the bridge? A. Creative. B. Convenient. C. Great. D. Modern. (C) Legend has it (据传说) that if you look closely enough during the Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival, you can see the Jade Rabbit and the Lady in the moon. Every year, the Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival celebrates the biggest and brightest full moon of the year. The moon’s round shape symbolizes togetherness and unity, and families get together to share a meal, celebrate the beauty of the moon, and tell old stories. The tradition of appreciating the moon (赏月) began during the Tang Dynasty. At that time, the tradition was to look at the moon and take walks in the moonlight. A few hundred years later, the rulers of the Northern Song Dynasty changed the tradition. The Song decided to make the 15th day of the eighth month in the Chinese calendar the Mid-Autumn Festival. Food has always played an important role in Chinese celebrations, and mooncake is a Mid-Autumn Festival delight. Its round shape symbolizes completeness and togetherness. Traditionally, the filling is made with lotus seed or red bean paste, but you can find mooncakes filled with other things from meat and eggs to fruits and green tea. You can also find mooncakes in other shapes such as squares and even cartoon characters like Winnie the Poo h or Hello Kitty. Another favorite Mid-Autumn Festival tradition is lighting red lanterns. Although animal-shaped lanterns are hard to find, you can still celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival with any red Chinese lantern or make your own. Red symbolizes good luck and happiness and is an important color in many Chinese festivals. 8. The underlined word “symbolizes” has the closest meaning to “________”. A. deals with B. stands for C. ends up D. puts on 9. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A. The culture of Mid-Autumn Festival. B. The influence of Mid-Autumn Festival. C. The importance of Mid-Autumn Festival. D. The development of Mid-Autumn Festival. 10. According to the text, what cannot mooncakes be filled with? A. Cartoon characters. B. Lotus seed. C. Green tea. D. Meat. 11. According to your own knowledge, on which festival in China people hang red lanterns? A. Dragon Boat Festival. B. Spring Festival. C. Double-ninth Day. D. Ching Ming Festival. (D) “I spend my whole life doing one thing,” Gu Fangzhou once said. Known as "the father of sugar pills (糖丸)”, Gu passed away at age 92 on January 2nd, 2019. Eight months later he received a national honor title “The People’s Science” for his polio (骨髓灰质炎) research. Gu Fangzhou was born in June, 1926. He studied at Peking University as a medical student in 1944. After graduation, Gu made the decision to work to help improve public health. In 1955, polio broke out in Nantong. Jiangsu Province. It paralyzed (使瘫痪) 1680 people, mostly children aged below seven. cut spread to neighboring areas and resulted in 466 deaths. Gu was asked to lead pollo research in 1957. “At that time the only way to prevent polio was to invent a vaccine(疫苗),” said Gu. In 1959 Gu succeeded in developing the first polio live vaccine. Later, he developed the “sugar-coated (糖衣) pill” vaccine in 1962. It not only tasted better but was much easier to keep. In order to test the vaccine, Gu himself tried the vaccine and later his one-month-old son was vaccinated. This inspired his team to vaccinate their kids. They became the first group of people in China to try a polio vaccine. “If we don’t believe in what we produce, how can others believe in it?” said Gu. Later, the sugar pill was popular in China. It saved millions of people, especially kids. In 2000, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced (宣布) that China was already a polio-free country.“We feel satisfied. I can tell people that I tried my best, and your kids will no longer get polio,” said Gu. “That’s all we hoped for.” 12. How is the text developed by? A. Character. B. Direction. C. Feeling. D. Timeline. 13. Why did Gu Fangzhou and his team vaccinate their own kids with the polio vaccine? A. To show their courage and experience. B To encourage other experts to do the same. C. To test the “sugar-coated pill” vaccine’s safety. D. To protect their families and relatives from polio. 14. What’s the correct order of the following events? a. China became a polio-free country. b. The “sugar-coated pill” vaccine was created. c. Gu received a national honor title. d. Polio resulted in 466 deaths in Nantong. A. c→d→a→b B. d→a→b→c C. b→d→a→c D. d→b→a→c 15. What can we infer from the text? A Children can get polio more probably. B. There will no longer be polio in the world. C. Gu developed the first polio live vaccine all by himself. D. Gu dreamed of improving public health when he was a child. 第二节 (共5 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 There may be something that makes you feel stressed in your life. Doctors says too much stress is not good for a teenager’s development. Maybe you have to deal with your stress by taking medicine. ____16____ Here are some useful tips for you. Move your body. Exercise plays an important part in keeping healthy. It can relax your mind and improve your sense of happiness. Try to complete at least three 30-minute exercise a week. ____17____ Pay attention to sleep. Enough sleep is important in improving your health. ____18____ If you can’t fall asleep because of your stress, make a plan to help you achieve that. Take control of your own thoughts (思想). Try to turn bad thoughts into good ones. ____19____ The more you do this in your mind, the easier it will be to deal with fears. Volunteer in your community. ____20____ It can not only help you get worries out of your mind, but also help you feel relaxed and comfortable. A. Doctors suggest 8 hours of sleep a night. B. Make sure your bed is comfortable enough. C. Remember to choose your favorite exercise. D. Do good things for others in your community. E. You can imagine that your are facing your fears. F. But I think it is not necessarily your only choice. 第三部分 语言知识应用(共两节，满分25分) 第一节 完形填空 (共 10小题；每小题1分，满分 10 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Rules help keep the world in good order. It is common that someone plays music on his or her mobile phone loudly in ___21___ places. Sometimes the peaceful environment will be broken when others make noıses with their mobile phones. It brings rather terrible ___22___ and feelings. So some rules have been made to stop such ___23___ behavior. When you are in a library, it is hard not to be ___24___ by others who talk on their mobile phones loudly. The sound of someone’s mobile phone can break the ___25___ in the library where almost everyone is busy ___26___ or reading books. While sitting in a restaurant, a diner who is watching videos loudly may make you feel uncomfortable. With smart-phones ___27___ used, the daily environment has also been changed. With rules made, the public environment will be ___28___. Some people who break the rules will be ___29___. Workers in public places will tell them not to do those things. If they do not make a ____30____ or stop their bad behavior, the police will come and take them away. 21. A. secret B. public C. basic D. central 22. A. experiences B. choices C. chances D. courses 23. A. proud B. kind C. direct D. impolite 24. A. influenced B. completed C. achieved D. required 25. A. period B. warmth C. quietness D. attention 26. A. waiting B. parking C. studying D. repeating 27. A. wisely B. exactly C. silently D. widely 28. A. improved B. required C. produced D. created 29. A. discovered B. connected C. punished D. admired 30. A. process B. change C. request D. note 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5 分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nguyen Tra My, a student at a college, has gone to Thailand to see a concert of her favourite band last weekend. Even ___31___ she knew it was wrong, Nguyen said, “The concert was a one-off! I couldn’t be ___32___ (absence) from it!” Following stars ___33___ (spread) among Vietnamese young people for years. “The Internet helps young people get information about their stars, so they spend more time on them,” psychological (心理) expert LaThi Buoi said. “But it also ___34___ (mean) less time on study, or with family and friends.” “Nguyen is a true fan. When talking about her favourite band, she is always full of energy,” Nguyen’s classmate Tran g said. Nguyen ___35___ (she) said, “I know how to organize my time. I only spend half an hour online, ___36___ (read) articles about my stars. They have worked really hard to get today’s success. They are willing ___37___ (help) the poor. They are well worth (值得) learning,” Nguyen added. “Their music also cheers me up and helps me to deal with difficulties in life.” ___38___ (general) speaking, idolization (偶像化) as a whole is not a bad thing. However, problems usually come up when parents fail to accept their children’s behaviour. Buoi suggested that there is a need for communication between adults and the young. “On the one hand, adults are supposed to be good ___39___ (listen). They should be patient and give more understanding to young people. On ___40___ other hand, young people need support from adults.” 第四部分 书面表达(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 阅读表达(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 10 分) 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 The Seine, one of the world’s most famous rivers, is in the southeastern part of Paris. The French capital is now working hard to make heavily polluted Seine clean for swimming again. The Seine has formed Paris for centuries. Along its riverbanks, traders in the Middle Ages arrived and lived there. Later, the Eiffel Tower and the Louvre Museum have been built. “The Seine is the reason why Paris was born.” says Deputy Mayor. The Seine used to be safe for swimming. But the locals didn’t value that. The river has been used as a dump site (垃圾场). And every year, tons of wastewater end up in the river. Because of the pollution, people were not allowed to swim in the Seine since 1923. Now, if all goes well according to plan, local people will be able to swim in the river again in 2024. The cleaned-up Seine will then be used as a venue (地点) for the 2024 Paris Olympics. The government has predicted that many different kinds of fish will return. A clean Seine could also be a new place for people to avoid the summer heat. Last summer, scientists tested the water in the Seine. They reported that 90% of the samples were already clean enough for swimming. Still, it’s hard to say how many Parisians will feel safe enough to swim in the river. In a 2021 survey of 1,000 French people, 70% didn’t think the water was clean enough. City officials may have to think about how to build people’s confidence in this project. 41. What is Paris government trying to do? __________________________________________________________ 42. Who used to live along the riverbanks of the Seine? __________________________________________________________ 43. Why did the Seine use to be polluted?(List two reasons) ①________________________________________________________ ②________________________________________________________ 44. According to the passage, what will a clean Seine be used as? ①________________________________________________________ ②________________________________________________________ 45. 请将文中划线句子翻译成汉语。 __________________________________________________________ 第二节 写作(满分 20 分) 46. 假定某英文杂志举办征文比赛，请你以“I have changed a lot”为题，根据所给提示，写一篇短文投稿。提示如下： 1.你六年级时某一性格特点； 2.你是如何改变这一性格的； 3.你对这一改变的看法。 要求： 1.词数 100左右；题目已给出，不计入总词数。 2.须包含所有要点提示，并可适当补充，以使语句通顺，行文连贯； 3.文中不得出现个人姓名、校名等真实信息。 I have changed a lot _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$