内容正文:
►专题7 连词用法梳理
考点解读
考点归纳:
1.并列连词:简单并列连词and, but, or, while, so, for等;符合并列连词both..and..,either...or...,neither..nor..,not only ..but also...等的用法
2.从属连词:引导名词性从句的从属连词that, if ,whether等的用法;引导状语从句的从属连词的用法
考点精讲
考点01并列连词
1. 并列连词and,or
(1)在否定句中列举并列成分不用and,而要用or。如:
He can’ t read or write.
(2)在“祈使句+and+简单句(一般将来时)”结构中,and意为“那么”, or意为“否则”。如:
Hurry up, or you will be late.
Work hard and you will make progress.
2.not only...but also..., neither...nor...,either...or..., both...and...等。并列两个名词或代词,可以作主语、宾语、谓语、表语等。如:
She can speak not only English but also French. (作宾语)
She is not only our teacher but also our friend. (作表语)
It is either too cold or too hot here.
The ground must be just right—neither too wet nor too dry.
注意:either...or...表示在两者之间进行选择;而neither...nor...表示对两者的否定,句中不可再用否定词not或no,其对应结构是both...and...。当either...or...或neither...nor...并列两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词在人称和数上与最靠近的那个主语保持一致。如:
Either you or Ann is going to Shanghai.Either Ann or you are going to Shanghai.
Neither he nor I have seen the film. Neither I nor he has seen the film.
3.表示“转折”或“对比”关系的并列连词有but(但是),whilet(而;然而),but指表示转折,while不仅表示转折而且表示对比。如:
I like writing to my pen friend,but it takes a lot of time.
My brother likes basketball while I like football.
表示“因果”关系的并列连词有for(因为,由于),补充说明理由,不用于句首;so(因此),表示结果。如:
The shop was quite new,for it had opened only the week before.
这家商店很新,因为它是上个星期才开业的。
Mr Black was ill,so she was taking his class instead. 布莱克先生病了,因此她替他上课。
考点02 从属连词
1.when,while,before,after,as soon as,until,since等,引导时间状语从句。如:
When the teacher came in,Jim was drawing a horse on the blackboard.
While they were sweeping the floor,the bell rang.
2.because,as,since等引导原因状语从句。如:
I stayed at home yesterday because it rained heavily.
I must stop writing now,as I have rather a lot of work to do.
Since a lot of people make mistakes in life,Mr Smith wanted to give John a chance.
3.if,as long as等引导条件状语从句。如:
If it doesn’ t rain tomorrow,we will have a picnic.
As long as you understand,we shall say no more about it.
4.though,although引导让步状语从句。如:
Though he has faults,yet I like him.
注意:在英语里,although/though与but不能同用在一个句子里,只能用其中的一个,但yet可以与though同用在一个句子里。
5.so...that...(如此……以致……),so that引导结果状语从句。如:
We were so busy talking that I forgot to pay.
He fell himself into computer games,so that he failed the exams.
6.in order to,in order that,so that(为了)表示目的。in order that,so that引导的目的状语从句中一般有can,could,may,might等情态动词。如:
He works day and night in order to make more money.
He works day and night in order that he can make more money.
He studies hard so that he can get a good job.
7.as...as...(和……一样……),than(比),as(如同,像)等引导比较(方式)状语从句。如:
Tom walks as fast as Mike.
Do as I tell you. 照我说的去做。
重点小练
1.(2021年山东春季高考)It's time for all countries to work together to reduce air __________.
A.recognition B.reservation C.position D. pollution
【答案】 D
【解析】 本题考查名词词义辨析。句意:“到所有国家共同努力来减少空气污染的时候了。”recognition意为“认可”;reservation意为“预订”;position 意为“位置”;pollution 意为“污染”。
2.(2022年山东春季高考)I want to take this ______to show respect for staff.
A.opportunity B. habit C.question D.price
【答案】 A
【解析】 本题考查名词辨析。句意:“我想抓住这次机会,表达对全体员工的尊敬。”opportunity机会;habit 习惯;question 问题;price价格。
3.I don't know how to improve my spoken English. Can you give me some_________?
A.instruction B. advices C.informations D.suggestions
【答案】 A
【解析】 本题考查名词辨析。句意:“我不知道如何来提高我的英语口语。你能给我一些建议吗?”instruction指导;advice建议,不可数名词;information信息,不可数,无复数;suggestion建议。
4.—Will the foreigners have any problems talking with Chinese in 2008?
—I don’t think so.Now_____the young_________the old can speak some English.
A.either;or B.not only;but also
C.neither;nor D.both;or
【答案】 B
【解析】 本题考查一组并列连词的用法。either...or...(或者……或者……;要么……要么……),表示选择关系;not only...but also...(不但……而且……),表示“递进”;neither...nor...(既不……也不……),表示两者都不;both(两者都),不与or搭配。题意是“2008年外国人和中国人交谈会有困难吗?”“我想不会的。现在,年轻人和老年人都会说些英语”。
5. She bought many things online_________she could save a lot of time.
A.so that B.as soon as
C.no matter D.in order to
【答案】A
【解析】句意:“她在网上购买很多东西以便于节约许多时间”。再看四个选项的意思。so that(为了;以便),表示目的;as soon as(一……就……),表示时间;no matter(无论如何),表示让步;in order to(为了),表示目的,但后面要跟动词原形。不难看出,只有so that符合句意。
5.Yesterday I was just to go out_____ someone telephoned me.
A.when B.while C.as D.that
【答案】A
【解析】when和while均可引导时间状语从句。此处when不作(当……时候)解,而是“这时,就在这时”的意思,相当于at that time。题意是“昨天我刚要出去,这时电话铃响了”。while引导时间状语从句,谓语动词须用延续性动词。as也可引导时间状语从句,意为“当……时候”,表示主句动作和从句动作同时发生。常译作“一边……一边……”。
6.—What are you going to do in the future?
—I’d like to be a doctor_______you are.
A.so B.as C.what D.when
【答案】B
【解析】题意是“我要像你一样当一名医生”。as翻译为“正如”。
7.Take exercise every day,______you’ ll become stronger and healthier.
A.or B.and C.but D.while
【答案】B
【解析】“祈使句+and+简单句(一般将来时)”结构。
8.Lucy and Lily are twins. Lucy likes playing basketball,_________Lily doesn’ t.
A.and B.as C.but D.or
【答案】C
【解析】表示意思上的转折。
10. The dress was very expensive,__________ I didn’t buy it.
A.or B.and C.so D.but
【答案】 C
【解析】根据句意,句子前后存在因果关系,表示结果, “所以”。
好题必测
1..The foreign woman can’ t speak French________Japanese.
A.and B.nor C.neither D.or
【答案】D
【解析】在否定句中列举并列成分不用and,而是用or。。
2. He didn’ t do his homework__________his father came back.
A.while B.as soon as C.if D.until
【答案】D
【解析】not...until...的句型,“直到……才……”。
3.The war was over about three months ago,_______ the American soldiers in Iraq are still having a lot of trouble to deal with.
A.or B.and C.but D.so
【答案】C
【解析】表示意思上的转折。
4._______Lily________Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home.
A.Not only;but also B.Neither;nor
C.Both;and D.Either;or
【答案】D
【详解】根据句意,Lily、Lucy两人中只有一人可以和你走,因为她们中有一人必须待在家里。
5.--I haven’ t heard from him________we left school.
A.after B.before C.when D.since
【答案】D
【解析】since 在此引导时间状语从句,从句中用一般过去时,主句中要求用现在完成时。
6.The plan is all right. ________,it can be made better.
A.Then B.However C.And D.Or
【答案】B
【解析】表示意思上的转折。这个计划还行,然而,还可以做得更好。故选B。
8.He’ s good at volleyball_________he isn’ t tall enough.
A.because B.after C.though D.since
【答案】C
【详解】though 引导一个让步状语从句。尽管他不够高,但是他擅长打排球。
9.You’ll be late_______you don’ t get up early tomorrow morning.
A.if B.when C.before D.until
【答案】A
【详解】根据意思,如果你明天早上不早起的话,你会迟到的。
10.He is listening to music____she is doing her homework.
A. when B.but C. before D.while
【答案】D
【详解】while 表示两个动作同时进行,后面接的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
11.He hurt her_____ badly________she had to see a doctor.
A.too;that B.so;that C.either;or D.too;to
【答案】B
【解析】“so+adj./adv.+that+句子”表示“如此……以至于”。
12.We are thirsty,I would like a bottle of orange,_________my brother would like some cool water.
A.when B.as C.while D.since
【答案】C
【解析】while在此处表示对比, “而”。
13.What was Jim doing_________ the teacher came in?
A.while B.and C.when D.but
【答案】C
【解析】根据句意:老师进来时,Jim正在做什么。
14.I prefer to live here for the rest of my life, as it is________ too cold in winter_________too hot in summer.
A.either;or B.not;but
C.neither;nor D.not only;but also
【答案】C
【解析】 Either...or不是……就是;not...but不是……而是; neither...nor既不……也不;not only...but also不仅……而且。故选C。
15. Judy’s not visited many places of great interest in China.________________.
A.So has her twin sister B.Neither is her twin sister
C.So her twin sister has D.Neither has her twin sister
【答案】D
【解析】前面所给句子表示否定,后面的句子表示“…… 也是”要用neither/nor。前面句子中的Lily’s=Lily has。
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