第06讲 形容词和副词（考点精讲）-【中职适用】2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（山东专用）

►专题6 形容词和副词用法梳理 考点解读 考点归纳： 1. 形容词和副词的基本用法 2. 形容词和副词的转化 3. 形容词、副词比较级和最高级 4. 形容词和副词比较等级的用法 考点精讲 考点一 形容词 1.形容词的定义 形容词是主要用来修饰或描述名词或代词的一种词类，表示人或事物的性质、状态、特征或属性。 除了本身就是形容词的词之外，有一部分形容词是通过在一些词的基础上添加后缀构成的。如下表： 后缀 举例 -al formal, central, additional, emotional,environmental -ant pleasant -ent different, dependent -ive active, expensive, attractive -ous dangerous, famous, nervous -ate fortunate, accurate -ful beautiful, careful, useful, successful, wonderful -less helpless, careless,harmless -able comfortable, changeable -ible terrible, divisible -ian Australian, Italian -ary necessary -ern eastern, western,southern, northern -ish foolish -some troublesome, tiresome -y funny, dirty, sleepy 一些形容词在词前加上前缀dis-，il-，im-，in-，ir-，non-，un-等，使得该词具有否定意义。如下表： 前缀 形容词举例 dis- disappointed il- Illegal（非法的） im- impossible in- independent ir- irregular不合常规的，不正常的 non- nonverbal（非语言的） un- unfit 2.形容词的用法 考点① 形容词常用在连系动词be, look, feel, become, get等后面充当表语，构成“主系表”结构， 说明主语是什么或者怎么样。 The computer is new. The fruit tastes nice. ②形容词修饰不定代词 something,anything,nothing,everything要放在被修饰词的后面。如: There is something wrong with my mobile phone. It is nothing strange. ③---ing修饰物，意为“令人....的”；--ed形容词修饰人，意为“感到...的”。 The match is exciting; the crowd got very excited. ④以a开头的形容词,如alone,afraid,asleep,alive等,通常作表语或后置定语。如: That old man feels alone because he lives alone. ⑤如果有两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时,其前后排列顺序是“限定词(a/the/this/some/her...)+数量词(先序数词后基数词)十观点十大小十形状十新旧十颜色十产地十材料+名词” A big old computer 考点02 副词 1. 副词的定义 副词是主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词及其他结构的一种词类，表示时间、程度、方式或地点等。 2.副词的用法 考点①副词可以修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句。如: She jumped up suddenly and ran out. The car is moving quickly. ②程度副词very, quite, rather, much ,too等需要放在修饰词之前。 Everyone was very tired after the match. ③副词enough修饰形容词或副词时， 要放在被修饰词之后。 The water may not be warm enough to swim. 考点03 形容词与副词的转化 形容词与副词的转化规则如下: 1　 一般情况直接加-ly：quick-quickly,sad-sadly,recent-recently 2　 少数以e结尾的形容词，去 e,加-ly 3　 以“辅音字母十y"结尾，且将y改成i,加-ly：happy-happily, heavy-heavily, angry-angrily 4　 以“辅音字母+le”结尾，去 e,加-y：true -truly, simple-simply, terrible-terribly，gentle-gently, possible-possibly 5　 以-ll结尾加-y: dull-dully 【注】1) 有些以 -ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词，如friendly,lovely,deadly,lonely,likely,lively,ugly等 2) 有些形容词和副词同义不同形：如goo--well 3) 有些同义又同形，如late--late; early-early; fast--fast等 考点04 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成 1. 规则变化 形容词比较级变化规则 最高级变化规则（形容词最高级前加the） 举例 一般情况 词尾直接加-er 词尾直接加-est long-longer-the longest 以不发音的e结尾的词 词尾加-r 词尾加-st nice-nicer-the nicest 以重读闭音节+辅音字母结尾的词 双写尾字母加-er 双写尾字母加-est big-bigger-the biggest 以辅音字母+y结尾的词 改y为i再加-er 改y为i再加-est happy-happier-the happiest 部分双音节和多音节词 词前加more 词前加the most beautiful- more beautiful- the most beautiful 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly/ill worse worst little less least much more most far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 考点05形容词和副词比较等级的用法 1. “as十adj./adv.十as”和“not so/as+adj.adv.+as”结构。该结构常用来描述两个比较对象在程度上的相似或不同之处。如: I am as tall as my mother. My computer is not so/as expensive as yours. 2.表示一方是另一方的倍数,用“倍数+as+原级十as”结构。如: The room is three times as large as that one .这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。 2. 两者比较时 ,用“比较级+than”结构。如: The earth is bigger than the moon. 两者比较时,其中一方不如另一方,用“not+比较级+than”或“less+原级+than”结构。 The movie is less interesting than that one. 4.“主语+比较级+than any other十可数名词单数”和“主语十比较级+than the other可数名词复数”结构。该结构表示主语所描述的事物“比其他(任何一个)都………”, 用比较级表示最高级含义。如: Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. Li Ming is much cleverer than the other students in their class. 5.“The十比较级...，the十比较级."意为“越……,越……”。如: The harder you work at English, the greater progress you will make. The more, the better. 6.“比较级十and十比较级”, 意为“越来越……”多音节用 “more and more +形容词或副词原级” As winter Solstice comes, days get shorter and shorter. It is raining more and more heavily now. 7. ▲比较的两者中,强调比较的程度时,通常在比较级以前加表示程度或数量的词,如 much，far，even,a little,a bit,a lot等作状语来修饰。如: The sun is much larger than the earth. 8. "would rather do than do” “prefer...to...”和“prefer to do..rather than do..”"表示“宁愿……而不……”“宁愿做……而不愿做……”的含义。如: I prefer playing basketball to going to the cinema. 9. 形容词或副词的最高级+in /of+等表示的范围，意为“（三者或三者以上）最.....的”。 【注】“形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词最高级前可加可不加。如: Of all the students,he is the tallest. He runs fastest in his class. 重点小练 1. (2019年山东春季高考)-Hi，Jack! You look so_______today. ---Yeah, I've just passed the skill test with high marks. A. Sad B.angry C. happy D. disappointed 【答案】C 【解析】 本题考查形容词词义辨析。句意:“--你好,杰克。今天你看起来很高兴。--是的。我刚刚以高分通过了技能测试。"sad伤心的;angry生气的;happy 高兴的;disappointed 失望的。 2.(2019年山东春季高考) We should avoid answering the phone________ in public places. A.quietly B. loudly C.heavily D. Quickly 【答案】 B 【解析】 本题考查副词词义辨析。句意:“我们应该避免在公共场合大声接电话。"quietly安静地;loudly 大声地;heavily 沉重地;quickly 迅速地。 3.I’d like to go ________. A.exciting somewhere B. somewhere exciting C. excited something D. something excited 【答案】 B 【解析】 本题考查副词。somewhere为不定副词;exciting令人兴奋的，指事物的性质。 2. The little boy broke the window, so his mother is shouting at him ______. A.angrily B. angry C. happy D. happily 【答案】 D 【解析】 本题考查形容词副词的辨析。副词用来修饰动词，根据句意，用副词angrily修饰shout。 4.10,000 dollars is a large amount of money. It’s ___ _______more than we need.（2016年高考真题） A a lot of B much C a few D very 【答案】B 【解析】考查比较级的修饰语。比较的两者中,一方在程度和数量上超过另一方,通常在比较级以前加表示程度或数量的词,如 much，far，even,a little,a bit,a lot等作状语来修饰，故选C。 5.Remember this, kids. __________you smile, _________ you will be. A The more; the happier B The fewer; the happier C The more; the less happier D The less; the happier 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你微笑的越多，你就会越快乐。考查比较级。“The十比较级...，the十比较级."意为“越……,越……”，故选C。 6.It’s an ____ job. I can finish it ______. A easy; easy B easily; easily C easy; easily D easily; easy 【答案】C 【解析】考查形容词副词辨析。第一个空为形容词修饰名词job,故用easy;第二个空为副词修饰动词 finish，因此用easily。故选C。 7.I hope that our world will be _____________. A beautiful and beautiful B more beautiful and more beautiful C more beautiful and beautiful D more and more beautiful 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我相信我们的世界将会越来越美丽。 考查比较级。表示本身程度变化,并不与其他事物相比,用“比较级十and十比较级”结构,意为“越来越……”，故选D。 8. There is ______ with the computer. It doesn’t work. A anything wrong B wrong anything C something wrong D wrong something 【答案】C 【解析】考查形容词修饰不定代词。形容词与不定代词 something,anything,nothing,everything等连用时,要放在这些词的后面，故选C。 9.The Changjiang River is one of ______ in the world. A longest river B the longest river C longest rivers D the longest rivers 【答案】D 【解析】考查名形容词最高级。One of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数，意为“最...当中的一个”。故选D。 10.He writes ______ than before. A quick B more quickly C more quicker D quickly 【答案】B 【解析】考查副词的比较级。此处需要副词来修饰动词write, 两者比较时,其中一方超过另一方,用“比较级+than”结构 ，故选B。 好题必测 1.She loves her family very much. ______ she does for her family,________ she feels. A More; happier B The much; the happy C The more; the happier D The most; the happiest 【答案】C 【解析】考查比较级。“The十比较级...，the十比较级."意为“越……,越……”，其中第二个空feel为感动动词，后面加形容词，故选C项。 2. This room isn’t as _____ as that one. A bigger B big C much big D a little bigger 【答案】B 【解析】考查同级比较。“as十adj./adv.十as”和“not so/as+adj.adv.+as”结构。该结构常用来描述两个比较对象在程度上的相似或不同之处。。故选B。 3. --John, you can buy this dictionary for your 9-year-old sister for her birthday. --Right. It's______, so it's easy for her to understand. A. tiny B. similar C. simple D.famous 【答案】C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据句意这个词典简单，因此对于她来说容易理解。故选C。 4.-If you don't like the red coat. how about the green one? -OK, but do you have______size in green? This one is a bit small for me. A.a big B.a bigger C. the big D. the bigger 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—如果你不喜欢这个红色的外套，那个绿色的怎么样？—可以，但是绿色的有没有尺码大点的？ 这个对于我来说有点小。考查名形容词比较级。故选B。 5.Smiling _____leaves a positive feeling on people, especially those who do not know you. A. suddenly B. always C. recently D. never 【答案】B 【解析】句意:微笑总是给人们留下积极的感受,尤其是那些不认识你的人。考查副词辨析。suddenly:突然;always:总是;recently:最近;never:从不。 6.The city is______as that one. A. twice as large B. as twice as large C. large as twice as D. as large twice as 【答案】A 【解析】考查同级比较。句意:这个城市的面积是那个的两倍。“A+谓语+倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+B”是固定用法,表示“A是B的多少倍”。故选A。 8．My sister likes reading and she has _________story-books. A. such many interested B. such many interesting C. so many interesting D.so many interested 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词。So many+可数名词复数，意为“如此多的...”故选C。 9．I think it is________cold in the north of China in winter. A. too many B. too much C. many too D. much too 【答案】D 【详解】考查副词辨析。 too many “太多”，修饰可数名词复数；too much “太多”,修饰不可数名词；much too “太”，修饰形容词和副词。故选B。 10． We Chinese are _________proud of the great changes in our country. A. again B. almost C.gradually D.fairly 【答案】D 【详解】句意:我们中国人是为我们国家的巨大改变相当地自豪。again:再一次;almost:几乎;gradually:逐步地;fairly:相当地。故选D。 11.The old man is_______but he doesn't feel ______was. A.lonely;alone B.happy;lonely C.alone;happy D.alone;lonely 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这位老人独自一人，但是他不觉得孤单。考查形容词辨析。Lonely“孤单的”，alone既是形容词又是副词，意为“独自一人的”。故选D。 10. It is dangerous for you to stand too near the river. Can you move____________? A.even further B. a little farther C. a bit of farther D. much further 【答案】B 【解析】考查比较级。句意：对你来说站的离河太近了很危险。你可以离远点吗？此处，比较的两者中,一方在程度上超过另一方,通常在比较级以前加表示程度或数量的词,如 much，far，even,a little,a bit,a lot等作状语来修饰，故选B。 13._______time you spend,_______result you'll get. A.Much; good B.More; better C. The most; the best D. The more; the better 【答案】D 【解析】考查比较级。“The十比较级...，the十比较级."意为“越……,越……”，其中第二个空feel为感动动词，后面加形容词，故选D项。 14. I live in the countryside.People there aren’t___________to have their own car. A.enough rich B. rich enough C. poor enough D. enough poor 【答案】B 【解析】考查形容词。句意：我住在乡下。那的人们不够富裕来拥有自己的车。enough修饰性融合副词，置后。故选B。 15. -How fast Jinan develops! It becomes one of ____________ cities. A. lively B. most lively C.the most lively D.more lively 【答案】C 【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：济南发展的好快！ 它已经成为最具活力的城市之一，故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！学科网（北京）股份有限公司9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$