内容正文:
►专题2 冠词用法梳理
考点解读
常考考点归纳:1.不定冠词a、an和定冠词the 的基本用法
2.零冠词的情况
考点精讲
考点一 不定冠词a和an的用法
1. 不定冠词泛指某人或某物,有a和an两种形式.
a用于以辅音音素(而不是辅音字母)开头的单词和字母前面,
an用于以元音音素(而不是元音字母)开头的单词和字母前。如: book, a useful book, an English book, an hour, an artist 等。
常考单词总结:
a + university/ European/ useful tool/ unit/ united/ uniform/ usual/ one
1/ 100/1000
an + hour/honest/ honor/ honorable
Asian/ American/ apple/ actor/ actress/ active/aeroplane
egg/ elephant/ eight/ eighteen/ eighty/ eleven/ excellent/ English/ e-mail/ engineer
important/ island/ interesting
old/ orange
umbrella/ unusual
8/ 11/ 18/ 80
Aa/ Ee/ Ff/ Hh/ Ii/ Ll/ Mm/ Nn/ Oo/ Rr/ Ss/ Xx
2.用于单数可数名词前,表示“某一个”。如:
There is a teacher at the door. 门口有个老师。
3.用于单数可数名词前,表示“人或事物的某一类”。如:
My father is a doctor。
4.用于首次出现的单数名词之前。如:
There is a pen in the box. And the pen is mine.
5.用于时间、速度、价格等事物的度量单位前,表示“每一个”。如:
thirty kilometers an hour 每小时三十公里 three times a day每天三次
6.用在序数词之前,表示“再一,又一”。如:
I have one apple. I want to have a second one .我已经吃了一个苹果,我还想再要一个。
7.用于一些固定词组中。
患感冒 have a cold 休息一下 have a rest 试一下 have a try
玩得高兴 have a good time 看一看 have a look 短时间内for a time
总之 in a word 散步 go for a walk 洗澡 take a bath
发烧 have a fever 撒谎 tell a lie 做鬼脸 make a face
突然 all of a sudden 偶尔 once in a while 因此 as a result
事实上 as a matter fact 一会儿 for a moment 从前 once upon a time
匆忙地 in a hurry 帮某人忙 do sb. A favour
考点02 定冠词 the 的用法
1.特指某(些)人、某(些)事物; 指谈话双方都知道的人或事物;上文提到过的人或物。如:
Please open the window.
I had a present today, and the present is from my friend.
2.用于世界上独一无二的事物前或用于方位名词之前。如:
太阳 the sun 东方 the east/west/south/north 世界 the world
3.用于由普通名词构成的国家、党派等专有名词前,以及江、河、湖、海、山川、沙漠等名词前。如:
the Great Wall 长城the Yellow River 黄河the Pacific太平洋 the White House白宫
4.用于姓氏复数前,表示一家人或夫妇两人。如:
The Smiths are very fond of Chinese culture.
5.“the+形容词”表示一类人或物。如:
the rich 富人the poor穷人the young年轻人the old 老年人
6.用于序数词或形容词最高级前或only所修饰的词。如:
The first book is mine and the second is yours.
7.用于乐器名词前。如:
play the violin 拉小提琴 play the piano 弹钢琴
★8.用于逢十的复数数词前,表示年代,也指人的大约岁数。
20世纪80年代 in the 1980s 大约70岁 in his/the seventies
10.用于某些固定短语或习惯用法中。如:
In the east/west在东方/西方in the morning在早上in the end 最终on the other hand 另一方面
9. 用于形容词比较级前面构成固定句式“The十比较级,the+比较级”,表示“越……越……”。如:
The more exercise you do, the healthier you will be.
考点03 不用冠词的情况
1.人名、地名、国名、头衔、职位、称呼等专有名词前通常不用冠词。如:
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
2.学科、一日三餐、球类、棋类、语言前不用冠词。如:
We all like English.
We enjoy the lunch you offered very much.
4.与by连用的交通工具前不加冠词。如:
Every day I go to school by bike.
5.复数名词泛指一类或一般概念不用冠词。如:
Children should not tell lies.
Failure is the mother of success.
6..季节、月份、星期、节日、假日前不加冠词。如:
Dinner is ready.晚饭做好了。
If winter comes,can spring be far behind?冬天已经来了,春天还会远吗?
【注意】
如果在三餐饭、四个季节的前面或后面有形容词或其他修饰语,则应加冠词。
A rich/great dinner in a cold winter a heavy rain/snow
★7.名词前有指示代词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格等限定词修饰时不加冠词。
Someone met him at this station this morning.
8.用于固定词组中。
手挽手 arm in arm 手牵手 hand in hand 肩并肩 side by side
日日夜夜 day and night 老老少少 young and old
【注意】 有些短语,有the和无the意义区别很大。如:
at table在吃饭 at the table在桌旁
in bed生病在床 in the bed在床上
on earth究竟 on the earth在地球上
in the front of在……范围内的前面 in front of 在……前面
go to the hospital 去医院 go to hospital 去医院看病
in the charge of由……负责/掌管 in charge of负责
重点小练
1. They made her______queen.
A. the B. a C. an D. /
【答案】 D
【解析】 句意:“他们让她成为了王后。”头衔前面不加冠词。
2. Jane is___________European and Jack is_________American.
A. an; an B. a; an C.an; a D.a; a
【答案】 B
【解析】 本题考查不定冠词a和an的区别。European的发音以辅音音素开头,其前应用a; American的发音以元音音素开头,其前应用an。
3.(2019年山东春季高考)---Do you know______boy with glasses over there?
---Yes, he is Jim, my classmate. He plays volleyball very well.
A. a; the B. the; a C. the;/ D. the; the
【答案】 C
【解析】 本题考查冠词的用法。第一个空是特指某个人故用定冠词 the;第二个空用在球类前面,不用冠词。
4.(2022年山东春季高考) Linda had _________fever, and her parents drove her to_________the hospital in_____hurry.
A.a; a B. a; the C.the;a D. the; the
【答案】 A
【解析】 本题考查冠词的固定搭配。Have a fever发烧;in a hurry 匆忙。
5. My grandma often has ________rest for fifteen minutes after______lunch every day.
A.the; a B.an; the C.a; / D.the; /
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查冠词的用法,根据句意,第一个空为have a rest休息。第二个空三餐前面不加冠词。故选C。
5.Tom is ____ eight-year-old boy and he likes ___ film the Spiderman very much.
A.an; the B.an; 不填 C.a; 不填 D.a; the
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。an用在发音为元音开头的名词之前,因此eight前面用an; 第二空特指电影《蜘蛛侠》,填the,故选A。
6.— How long does it take us to go to your university from here?
— It takes us ________ hour to go to my university by ________ train.
A.an; a B.an; / C.an; the D.a; /
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。an用于以元音因素开头的名词或其修饰语前,h为辅音字母但是不发音,hour为元音音素开头的单词,故用an。交通工具前不用冠词,by train.
7.I want to read Journey to the West ________ third time because it is quite ________ useful book.
A.the; a B.a; a C.the; an D.a; an
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。 不定冠词用于序数词前,表示“又一,再一”,故选C。
8. ________ money is from ________Japan.
A.a; a B.The; a C.The; / D.An; the
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。第一个空,money为特指,用the;第二个空为国家等专有名词前面不加冠词。
9.________ sun rises in ________ east and sets in ________ west.
A.The;/;/ B./;the;the C./;/;/ D.The;the;the
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。世界上独一无二的事物和方位词前面都用the。
10.September is ________ month of a year.
A.nine B.the nine C.ninth D.the ninth
【答案】D
【解析】句意:王亚平和刘洋是中国的女航天员序数词前面加定冠词the。
好题必测
1.—What ________ hot weather in this summer!
—Yes, it’s said that this summer is _______ hottest one in recent years.
A.a; the B./; the C.a; / D.a; a
【答案】A
【解析】第一个空为泛指,填a,第二空为形容词最高级前面加the。
2.She likes playing ________ football, but her sister likes playing ________ piano.
A./; / B.the; the C./; the D.the; /
【答案】C
【解析】球类运动前不加冠词;乐器前面加the。
3. The film is worth seeing ________ second time as it reminds me of ________ happy old days I spent in the countryside.
A.the; / B.a; the C.a;/ D.the; the
【答案】D
【解析】a用于序数词前,表示“又一,再一”。第二个空后面有修饰语,特指那些快乐的旧时光,用the
4. ----There is a chess match between a Korean player and AlphaGo.
---It's very amazing. Playing _______chess is usually ___________one to one game..
A./; an B.a; the C.an; the D.the; the
【答案】A
【详解】 棋类运动前不加冠词,因此用play chess; one为元音因素开头的单词,且是泛指,所以用an。
5.----The Smiths are having ________ great time under ________ sun.
A.a; an B.an; a C.an; the D.a; the
【答案】D
【解析】have a great time 玩的很开心,为固定表达。独一无二的事物前面用the ,the sun.
6.__________new study says that going to___________bed late is harmful to our health.
A. A;a B.A;the C.A; / D.The; a
【答案】C
【解析】句意:一项新的研究表明晚睡对身体有害。 go to bed为固定用法,不加冠词。故选C。
8.Yesterday's concert was___________great success. All the people showed interest in it.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】A
【详解】success为抽象名词,此处是抽象名词具体化,意为“一件成功的事”,需用a。
9.Hurry up! The concert will begin in_________minute.
A.a B.the C.an D./
【答案】A
【详解】a 在这里表示数量“一”,但是意义没有one 强,in a minute一分钟之后。
10.---It looks like rain. Take _____ umbrella with you. Oh, ______ one behind the door.
A.a; the B.an; the C.the; the D./; the
【答案】B
【详解】第一个空泛指一把雨伞,所以用an umbrella; 第二个空特指门后面的那把,用the。
11.We are going to have ________ supper with ________ Greens tomorrow evening.
A.a; the B.the; the C./; / D./; the
【答案】D
【解析】 三餐前面不加冠词,因此第一个空填/;第二个空为姓氏复数前面加the表示一家人。
12.It's such_________lovely panda that we all love it.
A.the B.a C.an D./
【答案】B
【解析】such+a/an+adj+可数名词单数....that... “如此...的...以至于....”。
13.If you want to be healthy, remember that ________ apple a day keeps ________doctor away.
A.a; the B.an; the C.an; a D.a; /
【答案】B
【解析】考查冠词。第一个空后面以元音音素开头的apple,故需用an。第二个空后面名词单数,用定冠词the +doctor表示医生这类人。
14.—What ________ unusual journey we had!
—Well, life is always full of ________ unexpected.
A.an; an B.a; an C.a; the D.an; the
【答案】D
【解析】an不定冠词用于元音音素开头的单词前,表示泛指;第一个空journey为单数名词,unusual已元音音素开头,此处表示泛指一次不寻常的旅行,用不定冠词an;第二个空unexpected为形容词,与定冠词the
连用,表示一类事物,the unexpected “意外的事”。
15. We should give _______ disabled a helping hand when they need help.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词。用于形容词之前,表示一类人或事物。The disabled表示“残疾人”。
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!学科网(北京)股份有限公司9
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$