内容正文:
Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world?
第一讲(1a-2d)
► geography 地理,地理学
> = geo(大地) + graph(写) + y
The geography of poverty and the geography of voting are connected.
贫穷的地理环境与选票的地理分布是相联系的。
photograph:photo光+graph写,图→用光书→相片
autograph:auto自己+graph写→自己写→亲笔签名
biography:bio生命+graph写+y→写生命→传记
► 最高级句型
> 最高级基本句型要点
请对比下面两个句子:
Qomolangma is a high mountain.
Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.
珠穆朗玛是一座高山。
珠穆朗玛是世界上最高的山。
把句子当中的形容词或者副词变成最高级形式,并在该词前加上定冠词the,加上比较范围的状语(有时可省略)
> 最高级句型难点
① 形容词/副词变为最高级的规律
变
化
规
则
一
般
规
则
原级
比较级
最高级
一般在词尾
加er
加est
以字母e结尾
加r
加st
以重读闭音节结尾
双写末位的辅音字母,再加er
双写末尾的辅音字母,再加 est
以“辅音字母+y结尾
先犯y变i再加er
先把y变i,再加
est
多音节词
前+more
前+the most
不
规
则
变
化
good
better
best
Little
Less
least
Far
Further
furthest
Farher
Faethest
Old
Older
Oldest
Elder
Eldest
Bad/ill
Worse
Worst
Much/many
more
Most
② the什么情况可以省略
副词最高级前可以不用the
He doesn’t work ( the ) hardest in his class.
他不是班级里学习最刻苦的。
形容词最高级做表语,可以省略the
He is tallest in our class.
他是我们班最高的。
没和别人比较时不用the
I'm busiest on Monday.
我在星期一的时候是最忙的。
最高级前已有名词所有格或物主代词时,不用the
She is my best friend.
她是我最好的朋友。
③ 常见的表示“比较范围”的状语
in/of/among + 名词
She is the cleverest among my friends
她是我朋友中最聪明的。
定语从句
He is the most confident person that I have ever seen.
他是我见过的人当中最自信的。
► 数字+单位+ large / long / high / deep / think / wide
= 数字 + 单位 + in + size / length / height / depth / thickness / width
= The + size/length/height/depth/thickness/width of sth is + 数字+单位
例:这块土地的面积是20平方米。
This land is 20 square meters large.
This land is 20 square meters in size.
The size of the land is 20 square meters.
► 英语中数怎么读?
> 英文中的数字位数只有4位有名称
hundred 百,thousand 千,million 百万,billion 十亿
> 英文中的数字位数名称
① 三位数为一组,用逗号隔开
12,254,882,135
② 从左到右,每一组数字后分别读billion,million,thousand
Twelve billion two hundred and fifty-five million eight hundred and eighty-two thousand one hundred and thirty five
③ 每组数字的百位和十位之间加and
39,830 读作:Thirty-nine thousand eight hundred and thirty
④ 若十位为0,直接在百位和各位中间加and
806 读作:eight hundred and six
⑤ 小数点读作point,小数点后面依次按数字读出
2.34 读作:two point and three four
► 最高级的替代句型
Tom is the tallest one in his class.
汤姆是他的班级当中最高的。
> “比较级 + than any other + 单数名词”
Tom is taller than any other student in his class.
汤姆比他的班级里其他学生都高。
> No one/nobody/nothing is + 比较级+than…
No one is taller than Tom in his class
在他的班级里没有人比汤姆高。
► population 人口
> all the people who live in a particular area, city or country 全体人口(复数概念)
One third of the world's population consume two thirds of the world's resources. (谓语动词用复数)
世界上三分之一的人口消耗了世界上三分之二的资源。
countries with ageing populations(表示多个国家各自的全体人口,可以加s)
> the total number of people who live there 人口数量(单数概念)
One third of the world's population consumes two thirds of the world's resources.
世界上三分之一的人口消耗了世界上三分之二的资源。
The population is increasing at about 6% per year. (谓语动词用单数)
人口正以每年约6%的速度增长。
China has a population of about 1.4 billion.
中国有大约14亿人口。
Singapore has a small population. (形容人口多少要用large/big,small,不用many,few)
新加坡的人口很少。
How large is the population of……?/ What is the population of……?
(提问人口多少,用How large,而不用how many)
► be (of) the same size as…和… 大小一样
> be of+(表示种类/颜色/年龄等的名词),表示主语具备的特征,of 可以省略
The ring is (of) a pretty color. 这个戒指颜色很好看
This medicine is (of) no use to me. 这种药对我来说没用
> = has the same size as…… 和……大小一样
► feel free to do 不要拘谨,随便做某事
If you have any another questions, please feel free to ask me.
如果有什么问题, 请尽管问我.
Please feel free to look around and make yourself at home.
请随便看,不要客气.
► 询问长度,宽度,深度,厚度?
How long……? = What's the length of…?
How wide……? = What's the width of…?
How deep……? = What's the depth of…?
How thick……? = What's the thickness of…?
How large……? = What's the size of…?
How high……? = What's the height of…?
► 回答原因的提问?
— Why did the ancient emperors build the Great wall?
The main reason is that……
One of the big reasons is that……
That's because……
为什么古代的皇帝要修建长城?
主要原因是这个…
其中一个主要的原因是…
那是因为…
► as far as I know 据我所知
as far as I am concerned 就我而言
as far as I remember 据我回忆
as far as I can see 依我看
as far as I can feel 就我感觉来说
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